The General Convention is the primary governing and legislative body of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America . With the exception of the Bible , the Book of Common Prayer , and the Constitution and Canons , it is the ultimate authority in the Episcopal Church, being the bureaucratic facility through which the collegial function of the episcopate is exercised. General Convention comprises two houses: the House of Deputies and the House of Bishops . It meets regularly once every three years; however, the House of Bishops meets regularly in between sessions of General Convention. The Bishops have the right to call special meetings of General Convention.
43-741: All diocesan , coadjutor , suffragan , and assistant bishops of the Episcopal Church, whether active or retired, have seat and vote in the House of Bishops. Each diocese of the Episcopal Church, as well as the Navajoland Area Mission and the Convocation of Episcopal Churches in Europe , is entitled to representation in the House of Deputies by four clergy deputies, either presbyters or deacons , canonically resident in
86-682: A coadjutor bishop for a diocese. He has special faculties and the right of succession. The diocesan bishop may request that the Holy See appoint one or more auxiliary bishops to assist him in his duties. When a diocesan bishop or auxiliary bishop retires, the word " emeritus " is added to his former title, i.e., "Archbishop Emeritus of ...", "Bishop Emeritus of ...", or "Auxiliary Bishop Emeritus of ...". Examples of usage are: "The Most Reverend (or Right Reverend) John Jones, Bishop Emeritus of Anytown"; and "His Eminence Cardinal James Smith, Archbishop Emeritus of Anycity". The term "Bishop Emeritus" of
129-778: A commission to take any action without the consent of the other house. The American Revolution was very disruptive to the Episcopal churches in the United States . There had been no Anglican dioceses or bishops in the Thirteen Colonies before the Revolution, thus when the American congregations were separated from the Church of England , "the chain which held them together [was] broken". In 1782, William White ,
172-484: A joint session, and the nominating committee nominates at least three bishops. During the joint session, any deputy or bishop can nominate additional candidates. The House of Bishops elects the Presiding Bishop from among all nominees. The results of the election are reported to the House of Deputies, which then votes to confirm or not to confirm the election. The presiding officers of the House of Deputies are
215-783: A member of the House of Lords. This entitlement was abolished in 1999 . Since then, only the Earl Marshal and the Lord Great Chamberlain (offices that are themselves hereditary) remain ex officio ; another 90 hereditary peers are elected by and from among those eligible. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is ex officio the First Lord of the Treasury . The Lord President of the Court of Session
258-512: A particular see can apply to several people, if the first lives long enough. The sees listed in the 2007 Annuario Pontificio as having more than one bishop emeritus included Zárate-Campana, Villavicencio, Versailles, and Uruguaiana. There were even three Archbishops Emeriti of Taipei. The same suffix was applied to the Bishop of Rome , Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI , on his retirement. Archiereus ( Ancient Greek : ἀρχιερεύς , Russian, arkhierei )
301-556: A position filled by joint appointment of the Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies. The Executive Officer "oversees all aspects of the work of Church governance, from site selection through supervision and funding of the work mandated by the convention". He supervises the secretary, treasurer, and manager of the General Convention and heads the executive office of the General Convention which coordinates
344-593: Is ex officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha , the Upper House of the Indian Parliament. The Prime Minister of India is ex officio Chairman of NITI Aayog . Other ex officio members of NITI Aayog are the Minister of Home Affairs , the Minister of Finance , the Minister of Railways , and the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare . Former Presidents are ex officio members for life of
387-544: Is a Greek term for diocesan bishop, when considered as the culmination of the priesthood . It is used in the liturgical books of the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Church , for those services which correspond to the pontifical services of the Roman Rite . The term is distinct from protoiereus ( archpriest ), the highest ecclesiastical rank which a married priest may attain in
430-640: Is also the corporate secretary of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society, the corporate body of the Episcopal Church, and one of the four senior officers of the church. The Rev. Canon Michael Barlowe is the Secretary of the House of Deputies, having been appointed upon the retirement of his predecessor, the Rev. Gregory Straub in 2013. Barlowe is also the Executive Officer of the General Convention,
473-746: Is by virtue of office appointed as Lord Justice General of Scotland. As such, they are both head of the judiciary of Scotland , president of the Court of Session (the most senior civil court in Scotland ), and president of the High Court of Justiciary (the most senior criminal court in Scotland). The Vice President of the United States , who also serves as President of the Senate , may vote in
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#1732765694402516-482: Is divided into committees which consider resolutions. Resolutions arise from four different sources: Each properly submitted resolution is referred to a convention committee which makes its recommendation to the House. When one house has acted on the resolution it is sent to the other house for consideration. The presiding officer of the House of Bishops is the Presiding Bishop . Both houses take part in
559-532: Is often said that the Constitutions of the United States and the Episcopal Church were written by the same people. While this is not true, both were written around the same time in Philadelphia by people who knew each other and who sought to "replace hierarchical rule with egalitarian, democratic government". The House of Deputies is the older of the two houses having been formed in 1785. William White
602-439: Is only nominal, not pastoral- meaning he does not exercise final authority as the head bishop (the ordinary), or have the right to automatically succeed the aforementioned individual (the coadjutor), over an existing diocese or archdiocese or their Eastern rite equivalents, (arch-)eparchies. Titular bishops may be active or retired. Occasionally, as a priest, they may have been given a titular bishopric or archbishopric as an honor by
645-855: The President of Botswana and the Speaker of the National Assembly serve as the chamber's two ex-officio members. In the Empire of Brazil , some princes became members by right of the Imperial Senate once they turned 25. In the current Constitution of Brazil , the President of the Federal Senate is an ex officio President of the National Congress , even though this office doesn't exist officially. Judges of
688-620: The Roman Catholic Church may be assistant bishops with special faculties, coadjutor bishops (these bishops are now named as coadjutors of the dioceses they will lead, and not as titular bishops), auxiliary bishops , nuncios or similar papal diplomats (usually archbishops), officials of the Roman Curia (usually for bishops as heads or deputies of departments who are not previous ordinaries), etc. They may also hold other positions such as cardinal. The see of titular bishop
731-575: The Senate . In Congress , the presiding officers and their deputies, and the majority and minority leaders, are ex officio members of all committees. The chairman on each chamber's committee on rules is the majority leader. The Senate President is the ex officio chairman of the Commission on Appointments , but can only vote on ties. In the Judicial and Bar Council , several positions are due to occupying another office. In provincial boards ,
774-505: The barangay council . The ex officio members have the same rights and privileges as the regular members of each legislature. The deputies of local chief executives (vice governors and vice mayors) are ex officio presiding officers of their respective legislatures, but can only vote when there is a tie . Russian Prime Minister , chairmans of State Duma and Federation Council , Chief of Staff and heads of federal subjects are ex officio members of State Council (an advisory body to
817-744: The ex officio members include the secretaries of departments , i.e. the Chief Secretary , the Financial Secretary and the Secretary for Justice . Since 2002 all secretaries of bureaux are also appointed by the Chief Executive to be official members of the Executive Council. But since 2005 the secretaries of bureaux attend only when items on the agenda concern their portfolios. The Vice-President of India
860-420: The Episcopal Church. Diocesan bishop A diocesan bishop , within various Christian traditions, is a bishop or archbishop in pastoral charge of a diocese or archdiocese . In relation to other bishops, a diocesan bishop may be a suffragan , a metropolitan (if an archbishop) or a primate . They may also hold various other positions such as being a cardinal or patriarch . Titular bishops in
903-856: The Federal Court are ex officio members of the Federal Court of Appeal, and vice-versa. According to the Constitution of the Chinese Communist Party , the General Secretary of the Central Committee must be a member of Politburo Standing Committee . As of 2022 , the Executive Council of Hong Kong is still composed of ex officio members (official members since 1997) and unofficial members (non-official members since 1997). By practice
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#1732765694402946-460: The General Convention every three years. The constitution written in 1789 was very similar to White's plan, except that state conventions would elect representatives directly to the General Convention. Bishops would be democratically elected and responsible to the General Convention and their respective state (later diocesan) conventions. Bishops would be "servants of the Church and not its lords". It
989-478: The General Convention resolution that orders their formation. The Executive Council, composed of the officers of General Convention and members elected by the General Convention and provinces of the Church, oversees the execution of the programs and policies adopted by General Convention. Each standing commission consists of five bishops, five priests or deacons, and ten laypersons. Priests, deacons, and lay persons are not required to be deputies. Bishops are appointed by
1032-484: The General Convention. In addition, the secretary also notifies the bishops and secretaries of every diocese to actions of General Convention, especially alterations to the Book of Common Prayer and the constitution of the Episcopal Church. If the offices of president and vice president become vacant during the triennium, the secretary performs the duties of president until the next meeting of General Convention. The Secretary
1075-611: The Greek Church. The word is used in the New Testament Epistle to the Hebrews to mean " high priest " (Heb 2:17; 3:1; 4:14,15; 5:1,5,10; 6:20; 7:26,27,28; 8:1,3; 9:7,11,25; 19:11; 13:11). Ex officio An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin , meaning literally 'from
1118-522: The Pope, similar to when he names some cardinals. A diocesan bishop — in the Catholic Church — is entrusted with the pastoral care of a local Church ( diocese ), over which he holds ordinary jurisdiction. He is responsible for teaching, governing, and sanctifying the faithful of his diocese, sharing these duties with the priests and deacons who serve under him. The Holy See can appoint
1161-455: The President of the House of Deputies appoints a treasurer until a new election is held. The treasurer of the General Convention and the Executive Council is Kurt Barnes. At each regular meeting of General Convention, the secretary of the House of Deputies is by concurrent action of both houses made the secretary of the General Convention. The secretary oversees the publishing of the Journal of
1204-492: The Presiding Bishop while the other clergy and laypersons are appointed by the president of the House of Deputies. Members are appointed to rotating terms so that the term for half of the members expires at the conclusion of each regular meeting of the General Convention. The standing commissions are: The Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies are ex officio members of all commissions and can appoint personal representatives to attend commission meetings without
1247-527: The Senate on matters decided by a majority vote (as opposed to a three-fifths vote or two-thirds vote ), if the votes for passage and rejection are equally divided. Also the leader of the parties in both houses are ex officio members of the House and Senate intelligence committees . Many committee chairs in the House of Representatives are ex officio members of subcommittees . In most Colorado counties,
1290-587: The board) is as defined by the nonprofit association's bylaws or other documents of authority. For example, the bylaws quite often provide that the organization's president will be ex officio a member of all committees, except the nominating committee. The President of the French Republic and the Catholic Bishop of Urgell are by virtue of office ( ex officio ) appointed Co-Princes of Andorra . In Botswana's unicameral National Assembly ,
1333-426: The church, like the state, should be a democracy. He proposed that congregations in each state should unite to form an annual convention (as opposed to a "convocation" or "synod", terms which denote a body called together by a bishop) of clergy and lay representatives of the congregations. In White's plan, the state conventions would send representatives to three provincial conventions which would elect representatives to
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1376-604: The county sheriff is elected by the citizens of the county. However, in the City and County of Denver , the mayor of Denver appoints a "Manager of Safety" who oversees the Department of Safety (including the Fire, Police, and Sheriff Departments) and is the ex officio sheriff of the jurisdiction. Similarly, in the City and County of Broomfield, Colorado , near Denver, the police chief (an appointed position) also acts ex officio as
1419-477: The diocese, and four lay deputies who are confirmed communicants in good standing. The Episcopal Church of Liberia is entitled to representation in the House of Deputies by two clergy deputies and two lay deputies, all with seat and voice but no vote. The Official Youth Presence is a group of eighteen high school youth, two from each province . They also have seat and voice but no vote. Resolutions must pass both houses in order to take effect. The convention
1462-546: The father of the Episcopal Church, wrote in his pamphlet The Case of the Episcopal Churches in the United States Considered , "it would seem, that their future continuance can be provided for only by voluntary associations for union and good government". In America, the central unit of the church would be the congregation, rather than the diocese. White, a disciple of John Locke , believed that
1505-462: The head of state). President of Russia is an ex officio chairman of it, as well as Security Council . In the House of Lords , the bishops of the five Great Sees of Canterbury , York , London , Durham , and Winchester are ex officio members, and are entitled to vote just as any other Lord Spiritual. Formerly, anyone holding a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom was ex officio
1548-462: The office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic . According to Robert's Rules of Order , the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to
1591-440: The position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting. Opposite notions are dual mandate , when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union , when two states share the same monarch. Any ex officio membership (for example, of committees, or of
1634-404: The president and vice president. A treasurer is elected by the two houses at every regular meeting of General Convention. The treasurer formulates the budget of the Episcopal Church, receives and disburses all money collected under the authority of the convention, and with the approval of the Presiding Bishop invests surplus funds. If the office of treasurer becomes vacant, the Presiding Bishop and
1677-592: The provincial presidents of the League of Barangays (villages), Sangguniang Kabataan (youth councils) and of the Philippine Councilors League sit as ex officio board members. In city and municipal councils , the city and municipal presidents of the League of Barangays and the youth councils sit as ex officio councilors. In barangays, the youth council chairman is an ex officio member of
1720-415: The right to vote. They jointly appoint Executive Council members as liaison persons to provide communication between the council and each commission. These liaison persons are not commission members and cannot vote; though, they do have voice. The Presiding Bishop also appoints a staff member to assist each commission in its work. Either house may refer matters to a commission, but one house cannot instruct
1763-544: The selection of a new Presiding Bishop. The members of the Joint Nominating Committee for the Election of the Presiding Bishop are elected from both houses. The House of Deputies elects one clerical and one lay delegate from each province, and the House of Bishops elects one bishop from every province to sit on the joint committee. When a new Presiding Bishop is to be elected, the houses meet together in
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1806-476: The work of the committees, commissions, boards, and agencies (CCAB's). Interim bodies, meeting in between sessions of General Convention, include the Executive Council, various standing commissions, and task forces constituted by the Convention which study and draft policy proposals for consideration and report back to General Convention. Task forces may vary in their size, membership, and duration depending on
1849-419: Was the first President of the House of Deputies. The House of Bishops was formed in 1789 to win the support of those who wanted a greater role for bishops. The House of Deputies had the advantage because with an 80 percent majority it could override a veto of the House of Bishops until 1808 when both houses were given absolute vetoes. White became the first Bishop of Pennsylvania and the first Presiding Bishop of
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