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37-860: Strafgesetzbuch ( German pronunciation: [ˈʃtʁaːfɡəˌzɛtsbuːx] , literally "penal law book"), abbreviated to StGB , is the German penal code . In Germany the Strafgesetzbuch goes back to the Penal Code of the German Empire passed in the year 1871 on May 15 in Reichstag which was largely identical to the Penal Code of the North German Confederation from 1870. It came into effect on January 1, 1872. This Reichsstrafgesetzbuch (Imperial Penal Code)

74-529: A case-by-case basis. Conversely they are not as common in common law jurisdictions. The proposed introduction of a criminal code in England and Wales was a significant project of the Law Commission from 1968 to 2008. Due to the strong tradition of legal precedent in the jurisdiction and consequently the large number of binding legal judgements and ambiguous ' common law offences ', as well as

111-443: A common danger or emergency" if necessary, as far as can be expected ("under the circumstances, particularly if it is possible without substantial danger to himself and without violation of other important duties"). Refusing to assist can be punished with up to one year of imprisonment. As a consequence, should an attempt at first aid prove unsuccessful or actually harmful, it will not be prosecuted ( Good Samaritan law ). Note that while

148-738: A major in the Turkish War of Independence on the Çanakkale , Erzurum , Batumi and Azerbaijan fronts and fought in the Balkans and the Battle of Sakarya then later has injured and retired as a veteran . He is also the author of Faith Commentary, known as the first Turkish religious guide which written by the Latin alphabet . His father is Dr. Ismail Niyazi Kurtulmuş. He currently resides in Fatih district of Istanbul with his family. Kurtulmus

185-524: A speaker in symposiums and seminars. He's authored two books Post-Industrial Transformation and The Japanese Human Resource Management . Published master's degree and Phd thesis on Integration of Inventory Management by the Database Approach and The change of Industrial Relations for Terms of Model Human Type , also with many articles. He authored a book Bringing Turkey to the Future on

222-508: A waiting period, and in rare exceptional cases afterwards. After this compromise was found, there has been relatively little further controversy about the section. Paragraph 219a forbade medical professionals from providing information about any abortion services they offered. The law was enacted in 1933, months after the Nazi party had come to power. It was repealed in 2022. This section requires everybody to "render assistance during accidents or

259-466: A war of aggression (§ 80), murder, robbery, treason, and counterfeiting money. This section formed the grounds for the lawsuit against Holger Voss . This section, which was in force in some form or other from 1871 to 1994, criminalized sexual acts between males under circumstances that varied as the law was modified over the years. Acts between consenting adults, if not done in the context of prostitution, were excluded from prosecution in 1969. Until 1969

296-470: Is married to Sevgi Kurtulmuş, in which he married in 1988. He has 3 children, named Ayşe, İsmail and Emir. He speaks English fluently. He is a fan of Fenerbahçe FC . He studied at Istanbul Imam Hatip High School, bachelor in 1982 and master degree in 1984 at Istanbul University Faculty of Business Administration. He had been United States of America to the postgraduate studies at Temple University School of Business & Management in 1988–1989. He

333-636: Is not itself law but which provides the basis for the criminal law of many states. Individual states often choose to make use of criminal codes which are often based, to a varying extent, on the model code. Title 18 of the United States Code is the criminal code for federal crimes. However, Title 18 does not contain many of the general provisions concerning criminal law that are found in the criminal codes of many so-called "civil law" countries. Criminal codes are generally supported for their introduction of consistency to legal systems and for making

370-417: Is often applied to trials related to Holocaust denial . Outlaws the dissemination or public display of media "which describe cruel or otherwise inhuman acts of violence against human or humanoid beings in a manner which expresses a glorification or rendering harmless of such acts of violence or which represents the cruel or inhuman aspects of the event in a manner which injures human dignity ". This section

407-424: Is possible certain convicts of murder can spend the rest of their lives in prison). Regulating abortion, in combination with § 218a. Revised several times, with a 1974 liberalization declared unconstitutional by the courts, and historically very controversial. After a multi-partisan compromise was reached during the early 1990s, it permits abortion during the first trimester, upon condition of mandatory counseling and

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444-514: Is quite vague, there is a lot of debate how this new prohibition is to be handled in court, since software essential to system or network security might be seen to fall under this act as well. Too extensive an interpretation will surely collide with the freedom of exercise of occupation as well as the right to property (Articles 12 and 14 of the Basic Law). In German: Mord . The intentional, successful killing of another person, with at least one of

481-538: Is the Wehrstrafgesetz to prosecute special crimes within military service such as insubordination (§20 WStG) and desertion (§16 WStG). The German Penal Code is divided into two main parts: General Part ( Allgemeiner Teil ): in which general issues are arranged, for example: Special Part ( Besonderer Teil ): in which the different criminal offences and their definitions and punishments are listed, for example: These sections differ significantly from

518-566: The 63rd Government under Ahmet Davutoğlu's Prime Ministry. – Kurtulmuş was elected as the Ordu parliamentarian again in the elections of November 2015, became Deputy Prime Minister and Spokesperson again at 64th Government under Ahmet Davutoğlu's Prime Ministry. – Ahmet Davutoğlu when resigned prime ministry President Erdogan gave the government formation duty to Binali Yıldırım . Kurtulmuş served as deputy prime minister again at 65th Government under Binali Yıldırım's Prime Ministry. After

555-715: The Netherlands , Norway , Pakistan , Poland , Russia , Saudi Arabia , South Africa , Spain , Switzerland , Thailand , Turkey , Ukraine , the United Kingdom and the United States , use different penal codes. Numan Kurtulmu%C5%9F Numan Kurtulmuş (born 15 September 1959) is a Turkish politician and academic who is currently the speaker of the Grand National Assembly . He served as Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey in

592-410: The 62nd, 63rd, 64th and 65th AKP governments between 2014 and 2017 and Minister of Culture and Tourism between 2017 and 2018. Previously he served as the leader of Felicity Party between 2008 and 2010 and People's Voice Party between 2010 and 2012. Kurtulmuş was born in Ünye district of Ordu Province . He is of Georgian descent by his grandmother. His grandfather Numan Kurtulmuş who served as

629-448: The aggravating circumstances mentioned in § 211 sec.2 fulfilled. Those circumstances concern base motives, criminal aims or cruel ways of committing the crime. An intentional killing that does not qualify for Mord is called Totschlag (§ 212). § 211 is the only crime within the Strafgesetzbuch that carries a mandatory sentence of life imprisonment (a sentence of life without parole is not expressly provided for in German law, but it

666-463: The basis for the confiscation of video games like Wolfenstein 3D or Mortyr and the censorship of Nazi symbolism in World War II -related media until August 2018. Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan himself made a complaint in 2016 against German satirist Jan Böhmermann as a private person because of an alleged insult. The Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey, Numan Kurtulmuş , called

703-535: The confused current world with some proposals for a new future via multi-disciplines in 2020. He was kicked-off politic on Virtue Party in 1998. The party has been shut down by Constitutional Court and he joined Felicity Party . Elected as chairman at the party congress held in 2008 and has been here until 2010. Leaded establishing the People's Voice Party (HAS Party) in 2010. Upon the proposal of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan , AKP and HAS Party united in 2012. Within

740-448: The criminal codes in other countries, and/or are relevant for topics discussed in other articles. Outlaws the distribution or public use of symbols of unconstitutional groups, in particular, flags, insignia, uniforms, slogans and forms of greeting. The laws ban most Nazi insignia from any usage for propagating the ideology outside artistic, scientific, research, or opposition uses ( swastikas , SS sig runes , Totenkopf , Othala rune ,

777-588: The criminal law more accessible to laypeople. A code may help avoid a chilling effect where legislation and case law appears to be either inaccessible or beyond comprehension to non-lawyers. Alternatively critics have argued that codes are too rigid and that they fail to provide enough flexibility for the law to be effective. Jurisdictions of many countries, such as Algeria , Argentina , Australia , Austria , Brazil , Canada , Chile , China , Denmark , Egypt , Finland , France , Germany , India , Iran , Israel , Italy , Japan , South Korea , Mexico ,

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814-415: The decision appointment of the congress call committee by the court, 53 chairman, 65 mayors and many politician left Felicity Party on 1 October 2010. Kurtulmuş announced a new political movement, calls Civilization Politics Movement. 235 politicians who united around Civilization Politics Movement founded the People's Voice Party (HAS Party) on 1 November 2010. And Kurtulmuş was elected as chairman of

851-667: The delegates and dissolved itself at the extraordinary congress held on 19 September 2012 by 165 votes of the current 177 delegates according to the decision of combination. After the HAS Party's termination, Kurtulmuş joined AKP at a ceremony held in Istanbul on 22 September 2012 with many people. – Kurtulmuş was elected as a Member of Main Administrative Board at 4th AKP Congress held in Ankara on 30 September 2012,

888-431: The duty, in itself, only exists so far as one is actually capable of providing aid, having passed a course in first aid is required for a driving license, and thus on this level is expected from all motorised traffic participants. Penal code Criminal codes are relatively common in civil law jurisdictions, which tend to build legal systems around codes and principles which are relatively abstract and apply them on

925-803: The framework of this combination, HAS Party has been terminated itself and Kurtulmuş joined AKP with many people. In 1998, he began the political career with Necmettin Erbakan and served as the chairman in Istanbul and a Member of the Main Administrative Board. When ended Virtue Party , he joined the Felicity Party in 2001. He served as chairman in Istanbul and Deputy Chairman of Party until 2008 at Felicity Party . Recai Kutan who Chairman of Felicity Party announced on 17 October 2008 that Numan Kurtulmuş will be candidate in

962-526: The legal basis of criminal law in Germany. After the defeat of Nazi Germany , a number of prohibiting provisions were included in the Strafgesetzbuch : In 2002 German public prosecutors were empowered to prosecute crimes against humanity , war crimes and genocide internationally under the Völkerstrafgesetzbuch ("Code of Crimes against international Law"). Another special penal code

999-822: The neo-Nazi version of the Celtic Cross , the swastikas versions of the Iron Cross and Reichsadler , Wolfsangel , the party and Reichkriegsflagge Nazi flags, the Sturmabteilung emblem, the Nazi salute and the greetings "Heil Hitler" or "Sieg Heil", are outlawed under the law) it also extends to bans on symbols of the Communist Party of Germany ( Hammer and sickle , red star and red flag are under it), ISIS Black Standard , and Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) pennant. This section has been

1036-490: The often inconsistent nature of English law, the creation of a satisfactory code became very difficult. The project was officially abandoned in 2008 although as of 2009 it has been revived. A statutory Criminal Law Codification Advisory Committee for Irish criminal law met from 2007 to 2010 and its Draft Criminal Code and Commentary was published in 2011. In the United States, a Model Penal Code exists which

1073-504: The party by 207 votes of 210 delegates at the 1st party congress held in Ankara Atatürk Sports Hall on 28 November 2010 on the 28th day of the founded of HAS Party. Chairman of AKP and Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan offered Kurtulmuş to combinate AKP with HAS Party on 12 July 2012. According to the decision taken by the authorized persons of two sides and combination process has started. HAS Party invited

1110-500: The party congress to be held in Ankara on 26 October 2008. The slogan was "Felicity Now!" And he was elected as a Chairman of Felicity Party by all valid 924 vote of the used 946 at 3rd Party Congress held in Ankara Atatürk Sports Hall. In 2010, he had divergency with Necmettin Erbakan who was the leader of the Milli Görüş Movement. Numan Kurtulmuş was re-elected as Chairman of Party, participating as just one candidate of

1147-526: The poem a "serious crime against humanity". On 1 June 2017 the German Bundestag decided by a unanimous vote to repeal this section. This decision went into effect on 1 January 2018. Section 3 outlaws denying the genocide committed under the rule of National Socialism (1933–1945). Section 4 prohibits glorifying or approving the reign of the Nazis. Section 130 makes it a crime to: This section

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1184-453: The section also criminalized sexual acts between humans and animals. No corresponding legislation against lesbian sex acts existed. Highly controversial, it outlaws the preparation of an act of data espionage (§ 202a) or data interception (§ 202b) by making, obtaining, selling, distributing (or otherwise committing or making accessible to others) As the definition of a "program with the purpose of committing data espionage or data interception"

1221-420: The two lists at the 4th Party Congress held in Ankara on 11 July 2010. Numan Kurtulmuş participated in the election of Main Administrative Board with the white list against Necmettin Erbakan's green list. And the winner white list meant to be kicking Necmettin Erbakan and his friends out. And then later 650 delegates asked congress again, but this request was rejected by Party's General Administrative Board. Upon

1258-677: Was also a visiting researcher at Cornell University New York State School of Industrial & Labor Relations between 1990 and 1993. He got a PhD title from Istanbul University in 1992. Became an associate professor in 1994 and promoted to professorship in 2004 at Istanbul University Faculty of Economics . He was the assistant of Sabahattin Zaim , who known as a 'the great professor'. He taught politics, labor economics and human resources management at Istanbul University Faculty of Economics and economics and political communication at Istanbul Commerce University . He also participated as

1295-458: Was appointed as vice chairman of party on the economy politics. – When Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was elected as President of Turkey at presidential elections in 2014, Ahmet Davutoğlu replaced himself as a Prime Minister and Kurtulmuş became Deputy Prime Minister at 62nd Government. – Kurtulmuş was elected as the Ordu parliamentarian in the elections of June 2015 and became Deputy Prime Minister and Spokesperson again at

1332-579: Was changed many times in the following decades in response not only to changing moral concepts and constitutional provision granted by the Grundgesetz , but also to scientific and technical reforms. Examples of such new crimes are money laundering or computer sabotage . The Penal Code is a codification of criminal law and the pivotal legal text, while supplementary laws contain provisions affecting criminal law, such as definitions of new types of crime and law enforcement action. The StGB constitutes

1369-421: Was used as the legal basis for confiscating some horror movies and a few video games such as Mortal Kombat , Manhunt , and Condemned . Outlaws rewarding or approving of crimes "publicly, in a meeting or through dissemination of writings […], and in a manner that is capable of disturbing the public peace". This only applies to crimes where failure to report is an offense (§ 138), among them preparation of

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