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46-457: Historic Byzantine districts encompassed by present-day Fatih include: Exokiónion , Aurelianae , Xerólophos , ta Eleuthérou , Helenianae , ta Dalmatoú , Sígma , Psamátheia , ta Katakalón , Paradeísion , ta Olympíou , ta Kýrou , Peghé , Rhéghion , ta Elebíchou , Leomákellon , ta Dexiokrátous , Petríon or Pétra , Phanàrion , Exi Mármara ( Altımermer ), Philopátion , Deúteron and Vlachernaí . The name "Fatih" comes from

92-524: A collection of various cuisines (Syrian, Korean, Indian). Fatih is twinned with: Eleutherion The Harbour of Eleutherios ( Medieval Greek : λιμήν Ἐλευθερίου ), originally known as the Harbour of Theodosius ( Latin : Portus Theodosiacus , Ancient Greek : λιμήν Θεοδοσίου ) was one of the ports of ancient Constantinople , the capital of the Byzantine Empire , located beneath

138-461: A large portion of the middle-class residents have moved to the Anatolian side and other parts of the city. Fatih today is largely a working-class district, but being a previously wealthy area, it is well-resourced, with a more thoroughly established community than the newly built areas such as Bağcılar or Esenler to the west, which are almost entirely inhabited by post-1980s migrants who came to

184-520: A populated place in the Byzantine Empire is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to ports, harbors or marinas is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Emin%C3%B6n%C3%BC Eminönü , historically known as Pérama , is a predominantly commercial waterfront area of Istanbul within the Fatih district near the confluence of the Golden Horn with

230-1096: Is a part of Fatih. Also, besides the headquarters, some main units of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality , including the city's fire department, are based in Fatih. Fatih has many historic and modern libraries, including the Edirnekapı Halk Kütüphanesi, Fener Rum Patrikhanesi Kütüphanesi ( the Library of the Patriarchate ), Hekimoğlu Ali Paşa Halk Kütüphanesi, İstanbul University Library, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Kütüphanesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Kardiyoloji Ensitütüsü Kütüphanesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hulusi Behçet Kitaplığı, İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kadın Eserleri Kütüphanesi, Millet Kütüphanesi , Mizah Kütüphanesi, Murat Molla Halk Kütüphanesi, Ragıppaşa Kütüphanesi, and Yusufpaşa Halk Kütüphanesi. On

276-593: Is known that the Sirkeci - Eminönü coast, starting from the west of Sarayburnu, is completely a port, and the section where Sirkeci Station is located was filled later. In the Byzantine period, the northern parts of today's Sirkeci and Cağaloğlu were called “Eugeniu”. The area is just outside the walls of Byzantion, which should be where the walls surrounding the Topkapi Palace are located today; Septimus Severus

322-425: Is lined with shops selling household goods, clothes and circumcision outfits for young boys. The hans of Tahtakale sell everything from household goods and delicatessen items to freshly ground coffee and packaging. Heading inland towards Sirkeci there are many shops selling photographic equipment, bicycles, and stationery. Eminönü used to be well known for the grilled mackerel sandwiches sold from boats moored by

368-586: Is now Fatih district) during the magazine's existence. Today, there are still remnants of the sea walls along the Golden Horn and along the Marmara shore, to give a sense of the shape of the old walled city . There are also a number of important architectural structures in the Fatih district, including the Valens Aqueduct across the Atatürk Bulvarı, the fortress on the city walls at Yedikule ,

414-511: Is popular with members of a Naqshbandi Sufi order affiliated to Sheikh Mahmut Ustaosmanoğlu . Conservative political parties always do well in this area. Küçükçekmece , Başakşehir , Bağcılar , Gaziosmanpaşa , Esenler , Bayrampaşa , Zeytinburnu , and Fatih are home to asylum seekers of Syrian origin. There are 57 neighbourhoods in Fatih District: The offices of the magazine Servet-i Fünun were in "Stamboul" (what

460-594: Is some housing in Eminönü but most of the buildings are offices, shops and workshops. At night it is a quiet place. Every day roughly two million people work in or pass through Eminönü, but the district has only 30,000 residents. The people that do live in Eminönü are mainly working class and conservative. In the late 2010s, work began on restoring the Yeni Mosque and the Spice Bazaar. Work was still continuing on

506-541: The Bosphorus Tunnel Project discovered the silted-up remains of the harbour. Excavations produced evidence of the 4th-century Portus Theodosiacus . There, archaeologists uncovered traces of the city wall of Constantine the Great , and the remains of over 35 Byzantine ships from the 7th to 10th centuries, including several Byzantine galleys , remains of which had never before been found. In addition,

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552-558: The Boukoleon Palace . The harbours of Neorion ( Latin : Neorium ) and Prosphorion ( Ancient Greek : προσφόριον , lit.   'import harbour', Latin : Portus Prosphorianus ) were on the Golden Horn , on the northern shore of the peninsula. Today the northern coast of the harbour is delineated by Kucuk Langa Cad. (Small Langa St.) named after the earlier Greek Vlanga name. In November 2005, workers on

598-682: The Ottoman emperor Fatih Sultan Mehmed (Mehmed the Conqueror or Mehmed II), and means "Conqueror" in Turkish , from Arabic . The Fatih Mosque built by Mehmed II is in this district, while his resting place is next to the mosque and is much visited. Fatih Mosque was built on the ruins of the Church of the Holy Apostles , destroyed by earthquakes and years of war. A large madrasa complex

644-755: The 16th and 17th centuries with the creation of the New Mosque (completed in 1591) and the Spice Bazaar which was built in 1660 as a sale outlet for goods imported overland from Egypt. Nearby in Tahtakale, the Rüstem Paşa Mosque was designed for a grand vizier in the middle of the 16th century. To make space for the New Mosque a community of Jews was moved out of Eminönu and relocated in Hasköy on

690-489: The 1960s, the area was covered with narrow streets of wooden buildings. Nowadays, the district is largely made up of narrow streets with tightly packed 5- or 6-floor apartment buildings. The confectioner Hafiz Mustafa 1864 was founded in 1864 by Hadji İsmail Hakkı Beyat what is today Hamidiye street in the district during the reign of Sultan Abdulaziz . At present, Fatih contains areas including Aksaray , Fındıkzade , Çapa , and Vatan Caddesi that are more cosmopolitan than

736-627: The 19th century. In 1841 the first permanent Galata Bridge across the Golden Horn linked Eminönü more closely to Karaköy where steamships docked, while the Orient Express train service from Europe terminated at nearby Sirkeci Station from 1888. Towards the end of the Ottoman era many grand stone buildings were built in the area between Eminönü and Sirkeci. Among them were the Main Post Office and some commercial buildings like

782-928: The Byzantine Palace of the Porphyrogenitus , the Roman column of Marcian , the Fethiye Cami (the former Byzantine church of Christ Pammakaristos), the Kariye Camii (the former Byzantine church of the Chora), Gül Camii (another former Byzantine church), Fenari Isa Camisi (a complex of two Byzantine churches), the Greek Patriarchate with the Church of St. George in the Fener district,

828-772: The Church of St. Stephen ( "The Iron Church" ), the Yavuz Selim Camii, the House-Museum of Dimitrie Cantemir , and the Fatih Mosque itself. The tombs of some of the famous Ottoman sultans are in Fatih. These include Mehmed II 'the Conqueror' (Fatih Sultan Mehmed), Selim I (Yavuz Sultan Selim), Suleyman the Magnificent , and Abdul Hamid Khan , as well as other leading statesmen of the Ottoman Empire , including Gazi Osman Pasha . Fatih also has

874-455: The Eminönü waterfront and the T1 tram has a stop here. To the southeast Eminönü runs into Sirkeci , while to the northwest it merges with the shopping areas of Tahtakale and Küçükpazar . Inland from Eminönü is another shopping district, Mahmutpaşa . During the period when it was a district, it was the smallest district of Istanbul after Adalar in terms of area. During the Ottoman period , it

920-610: The Istanbul 4th Vakıf Han . In the early days of the Republic of Turkey , Eminönü was extensively reconfigured. The tollbooths at the end of the Galata Bridge were cleared away to create a large square in front of the Yeni Mosque and a road was built to link the waterfront with the new Atatürk Bridge at Unkapanı . The coast road was later extended on reclaimed land to run around Sarayburnu and out to Atatürk Airport . At

966-402: The Yeni Mosque in 2022. Eminönü has several historical mosques and buildings: The enclosed Spice Bazaar is the most prominent place to shop, with stalls selling tourist merchandise increasingly squeezing out the traditional spice booths. On one side outdoor stalls sell pets and garden items, on the other they sell cheese, sweets, and fruit and vegetables. The hill running up to Mahmutpaşa

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1012-606: The building of the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce and extending to Sirkeci and the bazaar area just behind it. Eminönü is home to the busiest ferry crossings for the Bosphorus and the Marmara Sea as well as to the car ferry across the Bosphorus to Harem . The Sirkeci Railway Station (where trains can be caught to Bucharest) is nearby. The T1 tram from Kabataş to Bağcılar also passes through Eminönü. There

1058-406: The central district of Istanbul in the early years of the republic. During the period when it was a district, it was the smallest district of Istanbul after Adalar in terms of area. Eminönü's position on the Golden Horn made it a natural port, with the peninsula above it being eminently defensible. It was this location that led to the foundation of Byzantium , and from here that the city grew, with

1104-399: The city and was very fond of Fatih. Many other mosques, schools, baths, and fountains in the area were built by military leaders and officials in the Ottoman court. From the 18th century onwards, Istanbul started to grow outside the walls, and then began the transformation of Fatih into the heavily residential district, dominated by concrete apartment housing, that it remains today. This process

1150-487: The city in desperate circumstances. Fatih was built with some degree of central planning by the municipality. Istanbul University which was founded in 1453 is in Fatih. In addition, since 1586, the Orthodox Christian Patriarchate of Constantinople has had its headquarters in the relatively modest Church of St. George in the Fener neighborhood of Fatih. Fatih has many theatres, including

1196-578: The city walls became the major exit to Thrace , and this rejuvenated the neighbourhoods overlooking the Golden Horn. The Fatih Mosque was on the road to Edirnekapı and the Fatih district became the most populous area of the city in the early Ottoman period and in the 16th century more mosques and markets were built in this area, including: Iskender Pasha Mosque , once famous as a centre for the Naqshbandi order in Turkey); Hirka-i-Sharif Mosque, which houses

1242-684: The cloak of Muhammad (the mosque is in common use but the cloak is only on show during the month of Ramadan ; the Jerrahi Tekke ; The Sunbul Efendi Tekke and the Ramazan Efendi Tekke both in the Kocamustafapaşa district and the Vefa Kilise Mosque , originally a Byzantine church. The last four were named after the founders of various Sufi orders, and Sheikh Ebü’l Vefa in particular was of major importance in

1288-457: The conquest; markets grew up to support the thousands of workers involved in the building and to supply them with materials, and then to service the students in the seminary. The area quickly became a Turkish neighbourhood with a particularly pious character due to the seminary. Some of this piety has endured until today. Following the conquest, the Edirnekapı (meaning Edirne Gate ) gate in

1334-415: The conservative image which the district has in the eyes of many people. With Eminönü , which was again officially a part of the Fatih district until 1928, and with its historical Byzantine walls, conquered by Mehmed II, Fatih is the "real Istanbul" of the old times, before the recent enlargement of the city that began in the 19th century. The area has become more and more crowded from the 1960s onwards, and

1380-495: The entrance to the Golden Horn of Istanbul , Eminönü district forms an important part of the port, which has existed since the city was founded, together with Sirkeci . This district, which is an important focus of urban life as well as the center of one of the most important ports in the world, covers the coastline starting from the Eminönü Campus of Istanbul Commerce University located on Unkapanı road, continuing with

1426-524: The excavation has uncovered the oldest evidence of settlement in Constantinople, with artefacts, including amphorae , pottery fragments, shells, pieces of bone, horse skulls, and nine human skulls found in a bag, dating back to 6000 BC. [REDACTED] Media related to Port of Theodosius at Wikimedia Commons 41°0′16.8″N 28°57′8″E  /  41.004667°N 28.95222°E  / 41.004667; 28.95222 This article about

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1472-760: The famous Reşat Nuri Sahnesi. The area is well-served with a number of schools, hospitals and public amenities in general. A number of Istanbul's longest-established hospitals are in Fatih, including the Istanbul University teaching hospitals of Çapa and Cerrahpaşa , the Haseki Public Hospital, the Samatya Public Hospital, and the Vakıf Gureba Public Hospital. A tramway runs from the docks at Sirkeci , through Sultanahmet , and finally to Aksaray , which

1518-460: The harbour entirely and the area was later transformed for agricultural use due to the effects of upstream erosion and deposition. In Ottoman times, the area was built over. The harbour was located on the south side of the peninsula on which the city is built, on the shore of the Sea of Marmara. The other harbours on the southern coast of the city were the Harbour of Julian and the small harbour of

1564-696: The modern Yenikapi neighbourhood of Istanbul , Turkey . It was built at the mouth of the Lycus watercourse that ran through the city to the Propontis (the Sea of Marmara ). The harbour was built in the late 4th century, during the reign of Theodosius I , and was the city's major point of trade in Late Antiquity . It continued to be used until the 11th century. Silt from the Lycus creek eventually filled

1610-736: The oldest neighbourhoods being the port districts along the Golden Horn. By the 12th century, merchants from Venice , Amalfi , Genoa and Pisa had also settled in the area, acquiring their own wharfs and waterfront districts. In the Byzantine period, the modern area of Eminönü included the districts of Neórion (after the harbor located there), Akrópolis , Kynégion , Arcadianae/Arkadianaí , ta Hormísdou , Amantíou , Caenopolis/Kainópolis ("New City"), ta Kanikleíou , ta Narsoú , ta Kaisaríou , Artopoleía (the "bakeries"), Argyroprateía (the "silver vendors"), Chalkoprateía (the "bronze vendors"), ta Olybríou , Constantinianae/Konstantinianaí , ta Amastrianón , Eugeníou , Pérama ("Crossing",

1656-414: The other hand, today Fatih is known as one of the most conservative religious areas of Istanbul because of the religious residents of the Çarşamba quarter which is essentially a very minor part of this historical district. Çarşamba is famous with bearded men in heavy coats, the traditional baggy ' shalwar ' trousers and Islamic turban ; while women dressed in full black gowns are a common sight as this area

1702-437: The other side of the Golden Horn . Eminönü was still a thriving port area in Ottoman times , occupied by importers, warehousemen, sailors and traders of every description, with a labyrinth of narrow streets, workshops and markets leading uphill to Topkapı Palace , the Ottoman administrative centre. Many early stone han s ( caravanserais ) still survive in Tahtakale. Improved transport connections greatly altered Eminönü in

1748-555: The place where the ferry to Galata sailed), Zeúgma , Stauríon , Vlánga , Heptáskalon . It is understood from the sources that the district was the coastal and harbor area between the “Neorin Gate” (Başce Gate) and the “Porta Drungari” (Wood Gate) during the Byzantine period . Dec. It is believed that the first place where Byzantion was founded was around the present-day Topkapi Palace , as well as Sarayburnu and Sirkeci regions. It

1794-449: The port. Bahçekapı Dec., located between Eminönü and Sirkeci, just behind the New Mosque , takes its name from the “Garden Gate”, one of the gates of Istanbul's sea walls that opens to the mouth of the Golden Horn. It is stated that in the Byzantine period this door was called “Porta Neorion”. Since Jews constituted the majority of the population around this gate at that time, the gate was called “Porta Hebraica” or “Porta Judeca”, and it

1840-599: The southern entrance of the Bosphorus strait and the Sea of Marmara . It is located in the part of Istanbul known as the historical peninsula, connected to Karaköy (historic Galata ) via the Galata Bridge across the Golden Horn . It was administered as part of the Sultanahmet district from 1928 to 2009 when Sultanahmet was absorbed into Fatih . Eminönü, which was a district municipality until March 7, 2008,

1886-481: Was abolished on this date and connected to Fatih district by law. It is completely located within the city wall, the historical core of the city, and forms one of the most vibrant areas of the central area. Eminönü's busy main square is overlooked by the New Mosque (Yeni Cami in Turkish) and the Spice Bazaar (Mısır Çarşısı in Turkish). Eminönü is an important transport hub. Several ferries have terminals along

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1932-483: Was accelerated over the years by fires which destroyed whole neighbourhoods of wooden houses, and a major earthquake in 1766, which destroyed the Fatih Mosque and many of the surrounding buildings (subsequently rebuilt). Fires continued to ravage the old city, and the wide roads that run through the area today are a legacy of all that burning. There are few wooden buildings left in Fatih today, although right up until

1978-528: Was also built around the mosque. Immediately after the conquest, groups of Islamic scholars transformed the major churches of Hagia Sophia and the Pantocrator (today the Zeyrek Mosque ) into mosques, but the Fatih Mosque and its surrounding complex was the first purpose-built Islamic seminary within the city walls. The building of the mosque complex ensured that the area continued to thrive beyond

2024-513: Was called Çifit Gate (Şuhut Gate) by the Turks. It is rumored that there was a tower near this gate in the Byzantine period, one end of the chain stretched to the mouth of the Golden Horn was connected to the tower and the other end to the Galata Tower. It is believed that the location of the gate is on Arpacılar Street behind today's New Mosque . Eminönü's appearance changed significantly in

2070-490: Was named Eminönü due to the presence of Maritime Customs and Customs Eminence here. In Turkish, Eminönü means 'in front of justice' ('emin' meaning 'justice' and 'önü' meaning 'in front of'). The name probably came from the Ottoman courts and customs houses on the docks; "Emin" was the title of an Ottoman customs official . During the Ottoman period , it was named Eminönü due to the presence of Maritime Customs and Customs Eminence here, and together with Fatih district , it became

2116-664: Was staying inside the wall. During the Byzantine Empire, the Port of Neorion was filled up over time, cleaned out by emperor Leontios in 697, and a plague epidemic claimed to be caused by the slag extracted during this time ravaged the city. 10. after a century, the Latin colonies, especially the Genoese and Pisans, obtained privileged areas around Eminönü - Sirkeci and settled here and established their own commercial wharves in

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