46-690: The Ghaziabad Development Authority (GDA) is a planning authority. The GDA is responsible for planning, development and construction of Housing Projects, Commercial Lands, Land Management as well as providing public facilities like roads, bridges, drains, Underground water reservoir, Community Centers, Sports Centers, Green Belts etc. of Ghaziabad . The GDA master plan was formed in 1977 to ensure an organized and structured development of haphazard growth of Ghaziabad. This included identification of new land that can be developed into residential properties and make self-contained colonies by providing ample commercial office and retail complexes as well. The GDA master plan
92-413: A daily footfall of 50,000 passengers. The Delhi–Meerut RRTS is an 82.15 km (51.05 mi) semi-high speed rail connecting Delhi, Ghaziabad, and Meerut . It is partly operational, with its priority section from Sahibabad to Duhai opened to public on 20 October 2023. Hindon Airport is an airport serving Ghaziabad and has been operational since 2019. It is the second commercial airport in
138-584: Is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and a part of Delhi NCR . It is the administrative headquarters of Ghaziabad district and is the largest city in Western Uttar Pradesh , with a population of 1,729,000. Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation is divided into 5 zones - City Zone, Kavi Nagar Zone, Vijay Nagar Zone, Mohan Nagar Zone and Vasundhara Zone. The Municipal Corporation comprises 100 wards. Well connected by roads and railways, it
184-552: Is a major rail junction for North India . It is part of the Meerut Division of Uttar Pradesh . It is sometimes referred to as the "Saya of Uttar Pradesh" because it is close to Delhi , on the main route into Uttar Pradesh. Recent construction work has led to the city being described by a City Mayors Foundation survey as the second fastest-growing in the world. Situated in the Upper Gangetic Plains,
230-625: Is divided into 5 zones - City Zone, Kavi Nagar Zone, Vijay Nagar Zone, Mohan Nagar Zone and Vasundhara Zone. The Municipal Corporation comprises 100 wards, with councillors elected from each ward. The local elections to all wards was last held in 2023. The executive head is Nitin Gaur, the current Municipal Commissioner while the elected head is the Mayor , Sunita dayal from the BJP . In 2022, Assembly Election Atul Garg , Bhartiya Janta Party candidate won
276-614: Is used in various GMC owned parks to create compost . The corporation also dumps garbage in Indirapuram landfill site, and would dump it in Pratap Vihar landfill until they stopped on the orders of a National Green Tribunal committee. The corporation also announced in September 2020 that it was creating 10 'garbage factories ' as a permanent solution to the city's waste problem. Although connected by railway since 1865, it
322-510: The Cape of Good Hope (the Suez Canal did not then exist). In April 1854, it was estimated that over 100,000 tons of rails, 27,000 tons of chairs, and some 8000 tons of keys, fish-plates, pins, nuts and bolts were needed. By 1859, there were 77 engines, 228 coaches and 848 freight wagons. By the end of 1877 the company owned 507 steam locomotives, 982 coaches and 6,701 goods wagons. In 1900
368-468: The Ganga through 50 cusec (one cubic foot of water flow per second which translates into 28.32 litres) and 100 cusec plants but a lot of areas in the city constituting multi-storied apartments do not receive Ganga water and rely on groundwater. Treated water is supplied to only 36.2% of households. The municipality, as well as UP Jal Nigam sets up sewage treatment plants and water treatment plants for
414-683: The Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation under the Uttar Pradesh Municipal Corporation Act Archived 16 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine , 1959. Ghaziabad city is spread over 210 km (81 sq mi) of municipal area. It upgraded from a Municipal Board to a Municipal Corporation on 31 August 1994, following the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act. Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation (or Nagar Nigam Ghaziabad)
460-713: The North-Western Railway operated in other parts of India. The company was established on 1 June 1845 in London by a deed of settlement with a capital of £4,000,000, largely raised in London. The first board of directors formed in 1845 comprised thirteen members and Rowland Macdonald Stephenson became the first managing director of the company. Rowland Macdonald Stephenson (later Sir Rowland, but familiarly known as Macdonald Stephenson ) and three assistants travelled from England in 1845 and "with diligence and discretion" surveyed, statistically studied and costed
506-564: The River Hooghly from Calcutta ) to Burdwan on the route to the Raniganj coalfields. By June, there was an impasse, in that the government did not allow Turnbull and his engineers to mark a route on the ground. Specifications for works were however advertised on 1 July and tenders received on 31 July for six contracts. Bamboo towers 80 feet (24 m) tall were then built above the palm trees at Serampore and Balli Khal to set out
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#1732783466750552-517: The Viceroy Lord Elgin , Lt Governor Sir Cecil Beadon and others over two days to Benares inspecting the line on the way. They stopped the first night at Jamalpur near Monghyr . They alighted at the Son bridge and inspected it. In Benares there was a durbar on 7 February to celebrate the building of the railway and particularly the bridging of the Son river, the largest tributary of
598-681: The Vidhan Sabha constituency , represented by BJP's Atul Garg elected in 2017. In January 2020, it was announced that the police commissionerate system was likely to be introduced in Ghaziabad in phases. The city police is under the state home department and is headed by Senior Superintendent of Police for the district. The Ghaziabad Development Authority (GDA), established 1977, is responsible for planning, development and construction of housing projects, commercial lands, land management and infrastructure. Nagar Nigam Ghaziabad looks after
644-702: The Delhi–NCR after Indira Gandhi International Airport . The airport was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 8 March 2019. The Indira Gandhi International Airport is the closest international airport. Hindon Airport currently operates flights to Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, and Hubli, Karnataka. Ghaziabad has been ranked 18th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' Ghaziabad has also emerged as one of
690-460: The Ganges tributaries to be built of bricks: hundreds of millions were needed. Brick-making skills were very limited and often the available clay was found to be unsuitable. Transport by river of suitable clay was difficult. Brick availability became a major problem, so the decision was made to use vast quantities of ironwork – imported from England as India had no iron works at that time. Much ironwork
736-495: The Ganges. The Chief Engineer responsible for all this construction from 1851 to 1862 was George Turnbull who was acclaimed in the Indian Official Gazette of 7 February 1863 paragraph 5 as the "First railway engineer of India" . Some historians like Irfan Habib argue that because the contracts signed between East India Company and EIR in 1849 guaranteed 5% return on all capital invested, initially there
782-752: The Meerut Civil Judgeship during most periods of the British Raj . Ghaziabad was associated with the Indian independence movement from the Indian Rebellion of 1857 . Ghaziabad was part of Meerut district, it became a new district on 14 November 1976 by then chief minister N.D. Tiwari. The provisional data derived from the 2011 census shows that Ghaziabad urban agglomeration had a population of 2,358,525, of which males were 1,256,783 and females were 1,101,742. The literacy rate
828-600: The Prime Minister of India inaugurated two new zones of the first six zones of the Indian Railways . One of them, the Northern Railways had the three "up-stream" divisions of East Indian Railway: Allahabad, Lucknow and Moradabad, while the other, the Eastern Railways had the three "down-stream" divisions: Howrah, Asansol and Danapur and the complete Bengal Nagpur Railway . It was labeled as
874-500: The area of Kaushambi , and Vaishali , which serves the areas of Vaishali, Vasundhara and Indirapuram . The main railway station in the city is Ghaziabad Junction , which, as per the categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance , has been ranked NSG-2. The station has been operating since 1864 and is an important one on the Delhi-Howrah line . It is spread across 150,000 square metres (37 acres) and has
920-517: The city has two major divisions separated by the Hindon River , namely Trans-Hindon on the west and Cis-Hindon on the east. The city of Ghaziabad was founded in 1740 A.D. by Ghazi-ud-Din II , who served as a wazir in the court of Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah , and named it as "Ghaziuddinnagar" after his own name. The name "Ghaziuddinnagar" was shortened to its present form, i.e. "Ghaziabad" with
966-488: The city. The Ghaziabad Development Authority is responsible for laying networks of sewer lines and piped drinking water supply. Drinking water remains a concern with 55.6% of households accessing it from tube wells, bore wells and hand pumps. Only 30.5% households are connected to piped sewer lines. As of 2019, Ghaziabad generates 1,000 metric tonnes of waste daily, some of which is sent to Meerut , while 300 metric tonnes are sent to Pilkhuwa , while almost 200 metric tons
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#17327834667501012-743: The civic activities of the city. Other development agencies of the city include the Ghaziabad Development Authority, and the UP Jal Nigam. The master plan for the city is laid by the Town & Country Planning Department, Uttar Pradesh , which is department under the Department of Housing and Urban Planning for the state. The corporation supplies water and has nearly 2.35 lakh water connections, supplying nearly 388 MLD of water per day. The city also receives water from
1058-916: The early 1970s, many steel-manufacturing units also came up in the city making it one of the primary industries of the city. This period also saw the emergence of the Electronics industry , with the setting up of Bharat Electronics Limited and Central Electronics Limited Over the years, planned Industrial development saw participation from major industrial houses of the country including Mohans (Mohan Nagar Industrial Estate, 1949), Tatas (Tata Oil Mills), Modis (Modinagar, 1933; International Tobacco Co. 1967), Shri Rams (Shri Ram Pistons, 1964), Jaipurias etc. and also significant participation through foreign capital in concerns such as Danfoss India Ltd. (estd. 1968); Indo- Bulgar Food Ltd. and International Tobacco Company (estd. 1967). A proposal has been made to widen National Highway 24 (NH-24) from four to fourteen lanes on
1104-556: The election. The municipality has the following departments: Swachh Bharat Mission, Public Works Dept, I.T Dept, Property Tax Dept, Health Dept, Street Light Dept, Water Works Dept, Law, Garden/Horticulture. It has an executive committee composed of businessmen. The city is represented in the Lok Sabha through one MP elected from the Lok Sabha constituency represented by BJP's Atul Garg elected in 2024. and one MLA elected from
1150-586: The first 16 weeks, the company was delighted to carry 109,634 passengers: 83,118 third class, 21,005 second class, and 5511 first class. The gross earnings, including the receipts of a few tons of merchandise were £6793. Including branch lines this totalled 601 miles (967 kilometres). The most significant bridge was the girder bridge over the Son River (then known in English as the Soane River) which at
1196-499: The latter to construct and operate an "experimental" line between Calcutta and Rajmahal , 161 km (100 miles) long at an estimated cost of £1 million which would be later extended to Delhi via Mirzapur. On 7 May 1850, the East Indian Railway Company's managing director Macdonald Stephenson, George Turnbull , the company's Chief Engineer, and the engineer Slater made an initial survey from Howrah (across
1242-696: The line from Burdwan to Rajmahal . Divisions of East Indian Railway (1947-1952): Howrah , Asansol , Danapur , Allahabad , Moradabad and Sealdah (part of the Eastern Bengal Railway until 1942 and later the Bengal and Assam Railway until 1947, but added to the East Indian Railway during the Partition of India in 1947) All permanent way and rolling stock was transported from Britain in sailing ships to Calcutta via
1288-601: The line. On 29 January 1851 the East Indian Railway Company took possession of its first land. Turnbull and other British engineers began detailed surveys of the line. They chose the critical crossing point on the 5,000-foot-wide (1,500 m) Son River (the largest Ganges tributary) on 17 February. The best route to Raniganj was determined in May and June. The plans for Howrah station were submitted on 16 June. Tenders for 11 contracts arrived on 31 October 1851. In December Turnbull continued his survey: he took levels and defined
1334-606: The major educational destinations with many higher education colleges and institutes operating in the city. Some of the main institutes are:- East Indian Railway The East Indian Railway Company , operating as the East Indian Railway ( reporting mark EIR ), introduced railways to East India and North India , while the Companies such as the Great Indian Peninsula Railway , South Indian Railway , Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway and
1380-576: The name of 'National Abrasives' at Rawalpindi was shifted here under the proprietorship of 'Dyer Meakins' in 1947. Subsequently, the Mohan Meakin breweries were also set up in the year 1949. This period also saw the development of Ghaziabad as one of India's most famous centres of the Oil Engines industry. In 1967, the municipal limits were extended up to the Delhi-UP border. Starting in
1426-402: The new GDA housing schemes in various categories through newspapers and other media advertisements, formal acceptance of the applications, a transparent draw system for short-listing of the applicants and finally allotment of the property. Some popular GDA Housing Schemes of the past include New Pattern Registration Scheme like Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana that offers home registration along with
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1472-685: The opening of the Railways in 1864. During the Mughal period, Ghaziabad and especially the banks of the Hindon in Ghaziabad, remained a picnic spot for the Mughal royal family. Establishment of the Scientific Society here, during the same period is considered as a milestone of the educational movement launched by Syed Ahmad Khan . The Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway , connecting Delhi and Lahore , up until Ambala through Ghaziabad
1518-465: The population was under the age of 6. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 13.68% and 0.18% of the population respectively. Languages in Ghaziabad (2011) Hindi is the most spoken language. Other languages such as Urdu and Punjabi, are spoken by a minority. There is a smattering of speakers of other languages due to Ghaziabad's position in the Delhi metro area. Ghaziabad city is governed by
1564-520: The potential traffic for a railway route from Calcutta (the then commercial capital of India) to Delhi via Mirzapur . They assessed that the maximum cost of a twin-track line would not exceed £15000 per mile if the land was available without charge. The East Indian Railway Company was then formed and raised money in London. A contract was signed between the East India Company and the East Indian Railway Company on 17 August 1849, entitling
1610-472: The property purchase, Janta Housing Registration Scheme that offers house registrations of LIG & MIG (Lower and Middle Income group)category flats to the SC/ ST registrants. The residential land is allotted to individual applicants, the farmers whose land is acquired for development and group housing societies through public auction. Ghaziabad Ghaziabad ( Hindustani: [ɣaːziːaːbaːd̪] )
1656-646: The rail connections between Calcutta and Delhi and Calcutta and Bombay. On 31 December 1879, the British Indian Government purchased the East Indian Railway Company, but leased it back to the company to work under a contract terminable in 1919. On 1 January 1925 the British Indian Government took over the management of the East Indian Railway and divided it into six divisions: Howrah , Asansol , Danapur , Allahabad , Lucknow and Moradabad . On 14 April 1952, Jawaharlal Nehru ,
1702-466: The stretch between the Ghaziabad-Delhi border and Dasna. Many residential and commercial projects are being built along the highway. The Blue and Red lines of Delhi Metro serve Ghaziabad and connect it with Delhi . The Red Line has 8 stations in the city, with its eastern terminus Shaheed Sthal being located here. The Blue Line has 2 stations in Ghaziabad, viz., Kaushambi , which serves
1748-647: The time was understood to be the second longest in the world. Other significant bridges were the girder bridges over the Kiul and Hullohur rivers and the masonry bridge over the Adjai . The Monghyr tunnel was a challenge. In late 1859, a horrific cholera epidemic in the Rajmahal district killed some 4000 labourers and many of the British engineers. On 5 February 1863, a special train from Howrah took George Turnbull,
1794-516: The wagon stock was under 14,000 wagons, in 1905 it was over 17,000 wagons. In 1907 five steam railcar from Nasmyth, Wilson and Company was purchased. Although immense quantities of sal tree wood for sleepers were delivered from Nepal , yet more were needed. So fir sleepers from the Baltic were creosoted in England and shipped to India. The initial plans were for the many bridges over
1840-462: Was 98.81%. Ghaziabad is a subcategory B1 district of category B i.e. having socioeconomic parameters below the national average. It is the second largest industrial city in Uttar Pradesh after Kanpur . According to the final data, Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation had a population of 1,648,643 and a sex ratio of 885 females per 1000 males. Ghaziabad had a literacy rate of 84.78%. 12.67% of
1886-418: Was no inducement for economy or for employing Indians instead of high-paid Europeans (but initially, there were only experienced British railway civil engineers and no Indian ones). EIR was stated in 1867 to have spent as much as Rs 300,000 on each mile of railway, the construction described by a former Finance Member in India as the most extravagant works ever undertaken . The line from Kanpur to Allahabad
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1932-587: Was not until 1940 that the first modern industry appeared in Ghaziabad. However, it was in the post-independence period that industry really expanded, with a further 22 factories opening in the four years after 1947. This development can be attributed to the influx of people from the newly formed Pakistan and the relocation of businesses from what was now the Pakistani province of Punjab . John Oakey and Mohan Ltd., one of India's largest concerns manufacturing coated and bonded abrasives, and originally functioning under
1978-629: Was opened in 1859. In 1860, the Kanpur- Etawah section was opened to traffic, and between 1862 and 1866 all gaps between Howrah and Delhi were filled, and the connection to Agra built. The bridges over the Yamuna at Allahabad and at Delhi were completed in 1865 and 1866 respectively. In June 1867 the Allahabad- Jabalpur branch was completed and a connection made at Jabalpur with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway , thus completing
2024-567: Was opened in the same year. With the completion of the Amritsar - Saharanpur -Ghaziabad line of the Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway in 1870, Delhi was connected to Multan through Ghaziabad, and Ghaziabad became the junction of the East Indian Railway and Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway. Ghaziabad, along with Meerut and Bulandshahr , remained one of the three Munsifis of the District, under
2070-453: Was revised in 2021. It lays down the basic infrastructure requirements for a city estimated to have a population of 23 lakhs(2.3 million). The development of housing projects by GDA commenced in 1967 with the construction of houses and providing the basic amenities like electricity, water supply, sewage disposal, and other infrastructure facilities. The new projects undertaken instigate with recognition of project sites, public announcement about
2116-471: Was stolen during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 . Construction work of Old Yamuna Bridge in Delhi started in 1863 which was popularly known as lohe ka pool (bridge made by iron) and completed in 1866. It is a 12 spanned bridge. The construction cost of the bridge was Rs 16,16,335/- Initially it was made as a single railway track but was upgraded to double track in 1913. The 541 miles (871 kilometres) of line from Howrah to Benares were opened to: During
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