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53-453: The site consists of approximately 400 acres which was leased from the City of Redlands. The predecessor Grand Central Rocket Company facility was used for the production, testing and disposal of solid rocket propellant used in rocket engines. Lockheed used the facility for research and for production of solid fuel rockets for military and commercial use until 1974. The Lockheed Propulsion Company

106-603: A 1934 press release by the company, it called itself the Western Air Division of General Air Lines. Its route map ran San Diego to Los Angeles to Salt Lake City. In 1937 Western merged National Parks Airways , which extended its route north from Salt Lake to Great Falls , and, in 1941, across the border to Lethbridge, Alberta . In 1941 Western Air Express changed its name to Western Air Lines and later to Western Airlines. (In 1967–69 Western called itself Western Airlines International.) In 1944 Western acquired

159-598: A Mexican prison. The Mexican government tried to extradite Dodge back to face charges. Red became wealthy leasing government storage units with unlimited government business but never again flew to Mexico. The airline was promoted in the Carpenters promotional video for the track " I Need to Be in Love ", released in 1976. The video shows exterior footage of a DC-10 in takeoff and landing shots, as well as seating promotions for Western's FiftyFair seating product, with shots of

212-545: A Zero Defects Program, aiming at a goal of defect-free performance in all phases of LPC operation. Representatives of Southern California firms supplying the company met at the Redlands headquarters on 16 September and were urged to pledge their support of the program. Copies of the Zero Defects Program were distributed to company representatives and were being sent to each of the company’s major suppliers across

265-823: A cabin setting depicting what looks like business class of the DC-10. During the 1980s, destination flights aboard Western Airlines were featured as prizes on televised game shows, including The Price Is Right and The $ 25,000 Pyramid . In 1986 Western Airlines' fleet was 78 jets: In 1970 Western Airlines operated 75 aircraft: Western used a variety of piston-powered airliners including Boeing 247Ds , Convair 240s , Douglas DC-3s , DC-4s , DC-6 Bs and L-749 Constellations . The Constellations had been operated by Pacific Northern Airlines and served smaller Western Airlines destinations in Alaska such as Cordova, Homer, Kenai, King Salmon, Kodiak and Yakutat from Anchorage or Seattle in

318-704: A controlling interest in Inland Air Lines , which became a subsidiary with Inland's schedules in Western timetables until Inland was merged into Western in 1952. Western started flying Los Angeles to San Francisco in 1943, so the Western/Inland route map was a W: San Francisco south to San Diego , north from San Diego to Lethbridge, Alberta in Canada , south to Denver , and northeast to Huron . (It extended to Minneapolis in 1947.) In 1946, Western

371-570: A famous phone call by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to "buy American made aircraft", Drinkwater reportedly responded: "Mr. President, you run your country and let me run my airline!" For years after this exchange, the federal Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) would not award Western new routes while its competitors, including United and American, grew enormous even though all Western airliners were of U.S. manufacture while its competitors' fleets included aircraft produced in Europe. In August 1953, Western

424-646: A major hub at Salt Lake City International Airport and a small hub at Los Angeles International Airport . In 1986, Western entered into a code sharing agreement with SkyWest Airlines , a commuter airline. SkyWest (Western Express) Embraer EMB-120 Brasilias and Fairchild Swearingen Metroliners connected to Western mainline flights at Salt Lake City, Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Phoenix, San Diego, and other Western mainline destinations. In spring 1987 SkyWest/Western Express served 36 cities in Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming. Western entered

477-443: A number of cities that previously did not have direct flights to the 50th state. In 1973, Western flew nonstop between Honolulu and Anchorage, Los Angeles, Oakland, California, San Diego, San Francisco and San Jose, California and one-stop between Honolulu and Las Vegas, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Phoenix, Sacramento and Salt Lake City. In 1981, the airline also flew nonstop DC-10s between Vancouver, British Columbia and Honolulu . One of

530-515: A one-stop flight MSP-SLC-LAX; in 1956 it resumed flights west out of Denver, to San Francisco via Salt Lake. In 1957 it began Los Angeles to Mexico City nonstop DC-6Bs, and in December 1957 it began Denver-Phoenix-San Diego. The airline's president was Terrell "Terry" Drinkwater. Drinkwater got into a dispute with the administration in Washington D.C. that hampered WAL's growth. Pressured in

583-430: A similar code-sharing agreement with Alaska-based South Central Air, a small commuter airline that operated as Western Express as well, connecting to Western flights at Anchorage. Several cities in southern Alaska including Homer, Kenai, Soldotna were served by South Central Air operating as Western Express. After the acquisition of Western by Delta Air Lines , SkyWest became a Delta Connection code sharing airline. In

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636-427: A subsidiary of Aero Corp. of Ca., founded in 1926 by Paul E. Richter , Jack Frye and Walter Hamilton. WAE with Fokker aircraft merged with Transcontinental Air Transport to form Transcontinental & Western Air (TWA, later known as Trans World Airlines). In 1934 Western Air Express was severed from TWA and changed its name to General Air Lines, returning to the name Western Air Express after several months. In

689-681: A wholly owned subsidiary of Delta. The Western brand was discontinued and the employee workforces were fully merged on April 1, 1987. All of Western's aircraft were repainted in Delta's livery, including twelve McDonnell Douglas DC-10s . Delta eventually decided to eliminate the DC-10s from its fleet as it already operated Lockheed L-1011 TriStars , a similar type. Delta retained Western's hubs in Los Angeles and Salt Lake City; both remain major gateways and hubs for Delta. This mainline destination list

742-643: A year starting in April 1981 it flew LGW to Denver, continuing to Las Vegas and Los Angeles. Another international route was Los Angeles to Miami to Nassau , in the Bahamas for a year in 1980–81. Western extended its network to New York City, Washington, D.C. and Boston, as well as to Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest, Albuquerque and El Paso in the west, and Houston , New Orleans , Miami and Fort Lauderdale . In 1987 Western had four Boeing 737-300 round trips between Boston and New York LaGuardia Airport , and

795-429: Is taken from Western's March 1, 1987, timetable shortly before the merger with Delta Air Lines. The airline's main hub was Salt Lake City International Airport with a smaller hub at Los Angeles International Airport . Western had a flight between IAD in Washington, D.C., and DCA at one point in 1985. In 1987 the airline had four round trip flights a day between Boston and New York LaGuardia. Western timetables from

848-400: The 1963 film It's A Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World .) Western Airlines was famous for its "Flying W" corporate identity and aircraft livery . Introduced in 1970, the scheme featured a large red "W" that fused into a red cheatline running the length of an all-white fuselage. This new corporate identity was the subject of litigation by Winnebago Industries , which contended the new "Flying W"

901-684: The Marshall Spaceflight Center selected Aerojet-General , Lockheed Propulsion Company, Thiokol Chemical Company , and United Technology Center to study the use of 120-inch and 156-inch solid motors as part of the Space Shuttle booster package. Thiokol was ultimately selected as the solid rocket booster provider on 20 November 1973. In January 1974, Lockheed protested to the General Accounting Office (GAO) NASA's selection of Thiokol as designer of

954-709: The San Francisco Department of Public Health ’s Southeast Health Center. Ghaly earned his doctorate of medicine degree from Harvard Medical School and a master of public health degree from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health . CHHS was created from a reorganization of other California agencies, including the California Health and Welfare Agency which included the California Department of Health Services. The agency

1007-601: The east coast as well as Chicago and St. Louis , and cities in Texas ( Austin , Dallas/Ft. Worth , El Paso , Houston and San Antonio ), and New Orleans in the south. Western had many intrastate flights in California , competing with Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA), Air California / AirCal , Air West/ Hughes Airwest and United Airlines . In addition, Western operated "Islander" service with Boeing 707-320s , Boeing 720Bs and McDonnell Douglas DC-10s to Hawaii from

1060-460: The 1940s to the 1980s list service to the following at different times: Western contributed to popular culture with its 1960s era advertising slogan, "It's the oooooonly way to fly!" Spoken by Wally Bird, an animated bird hitching a ride atop the fuselage of a Western airliner, and voiced by veteran actor Shepard Menken , the phrase soon found its way into animated cartoons by Warner Bros. and Hanna-Barbera . Another famous advertising campaign by

1113-535: The 1970s, according to a lawsuit that Lockheed Martin Corp. filed against the U.S. government. Lockheed reported more than $ 500 million in liabilities companywide from "environmental matters," which include soil and groundwater contamination in Redlands and unrelated projects, according to SEC filings. In a suit filed on 1 July 2008, the company wants the government to pay past cleanup costs and to be held liable for future expenses. A Lockheed spokeswoman declined to comment on

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1166-709: The CRWQCB determined that Lockheed Martin Corporation (formerly Lockheed Propulsion Company) was the source of the TCE contamination. TCE had been the primary contaminant of concern emanating from the Lockheed site, until mid-1997 when the first tests for perchlorate in drinking water were performed." In 1997, ammonium perchlorate was discovered in a number of domestic water supply wells that serve several water purveyors throughout San Bernardino and Riverside counties. Two of

1219-536: The Redlands community subsequently filed suit against Lockheed, alleging that the groundwater contamination had caused health problems. The California Supreme Court, in a landmark ruling in 2003, however, found that the citizens of Redlands, had no basis for filing a class action toxic tort lawsuit against the Lockheed Martin Corporation. The ruling in Carrillo v. Lockheed Martin both clarified

1272-736: The SRB. Because of the protest, NASA issued Thiokol a 90-day study contract on 13 February so the firm could continue its work while GAO studied the situation. The study contract was extended again on 20 May for 45 days. In May 1975, NASA confirmed the Thiokol SRB contract. With the end of the Apollo project contracts, and no orders for the Space Shuttle program, as well as the conclusion of the AGM-69 SRAM project, Lockheed Propulsion Company

1325-416: The airline also operating nonstop Kodiak, Alaska - Seattle service with Lockheed Constellation propliners. Also in 1967, Western added Vancouver , and in 1969 it began nonstop flights between several California airports and Hawaii . In the late 1960s, Western aimed for an all-jet fleet, adding Boeing 707-320s , 727-200s and 737-200s to its 720Bs . The two leased B707-139s had been sold in favor of

1378-490: The airline capitalized on it. Western had a famous flyer out of Seattle: Captain "Red" Dodge. Red worked previously as a helicopter test pilot, and got involved with flying for the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) in his later years when he wasn't flying as captain on the DC-10. The movie Breakout starring Charles Bronson was based on his daring airlift of a CIA operative out of the courtyard of

1431-466: The airline centered on Star Trek icons William Shatner and Leonard Nimoy . Some of the carrier's last television ads, shortly before the merger with Delta, featured actor/comedian Rodney Dangerfield . In the 1970s Western called itself "the champagne airline" because champagne was offered free of charge to every passenger over age 21. (Actor Jim Backus uttered the "It's the only way to fly!" phrase while piloting an airplane, somewhat inebriated, in

1484-547: The airline was operating nonstop Boeing 720Bs between the Annette Island Airport (serving Ketchikan, Alaska ) and Seattle in addition to 720Bs between Juneau and Seattle, and in 1973 was flying 720B nonstops between Kodiak, Alaska and Seattle. In 1978, Western Airlines and Continental Airlines agreed to merge. A dispute broke out over what to call the combined airline: Western-Continental or Continental-Western, prompting an infamous coin toss. Bob Six ,

1537-558: The colorful founder of CAL, demanded that Continental be "tails" in deference to its marketing slogan "We Really Move Our Tail for You! Continental Airlines: the Proud Bird with the Golden Tail". The coin flip turned up "heads". Six was so disappointed he called the merger off. From October 1980 to October 1981, Western flew Honolulu to Anchorage to London Gatwick Airport with a single McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 ; for less than

1590-767: The company's lawsuit, filed Tuesday in federal court in the District of Columbia. The lawsuit doesn't say how much money the company is seeking. Western Airlines Western Airlines was a major airline in the United States based in California , operating in the Western United States including Alaska and Hawaii , and western Canada , as well as to New York City , Boston , Washington, D.C. , and Miami and to Mexico City , London and Nassau . Western had hubs at Los Angeles International Airport , Salt Lake City International Airport , and

1643-727: The country. Between 1966 and 1975, the Boeing Company sub-contracted with Lockheed Propulsion Company for propellants used in the AGM-69 short-range attack missile . For the Apollo program , Lockheed Propulsion Company provided both the Launch Escape Motor and the Pitch Control Motor of the emergency escape tower atop the Apollo command module, using propellant made of polysulfides . On 27 January 1972,

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1696-505: The early 1980s Air Florida tried to buy Western Airlines, but it was able to purchase only 16 percent of the airline's stock. On September 9, 1986, Western Airlines and Delta Air Lines entered into an agreement and plan of merger. The merger agreement was approved by the United States Department of Transportation on December 11, 1986. On December 16, 1986, shareholder approval was conferred and Western Airlines became

1749-623: The former Stapleton International Airport in Denver . Before it merged with Delta Air Lines in 1987 it was headquartered at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Throughout the company's history, its slogan was "Western Airlines...The Only Way to Fly!" In 1925, the United States Postal Service began to give airline contracts to carry airmail throughout the country. Western Airlines first incorporated in 1925 as Western Air Express by Harris Hanshue. It applied for, and

1802-577: The late 1960s. California Health and Human Services Agency The California Health and Human Services Agency ( CHHS ) is the state agency tasked with administration and oversight of "state and federal programs for health care, social services, public assistance and rehabilitation" in the U.S. state of California . The agency is headed by the Secretary of the California Health and Human Services Agency, with headquarters in Sacramento . Many of

1855-634: The laws in the California Health and Safety Codes are enforced by it. On March 6, 2019, Governor Gavin Newsom nominated Mark Ghaly to be Secretary of CHHS. The California State Senate unanimously confirmed Ghaly on June 17, 2019. Ghaly previously served as the director of health and social impact for Los Angeles County, deputy director of the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services , and medical director of

1908-606: The maximum contaminant level (MCL), be taken off-line. In 1989, as a result of the TCE contamination, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB), Santa Ana Region, and the Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) provided funding for the installation of a Liquid Phase Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) groundwater treatment system to treat and clean the water from the TCE impacted wells. Subsequent investigations by

1961-766: The merger was nonetheless rejected in a 4–1 decision by the Civil Aeronautics Board in July 1972. Western was headquartered in Los Angeles, California. After the Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, the airline's hubs were reduced to two airports: Los Angeles International Airport and Salt Lake City International Airport . Before deregulation, Western had small hubs in Anchorage, Alaska , Denver , Las Vegas , Minneapolis / St. Paul and San Francisco . In spring 1987, shortly before Western

2014-627: The merger was opposed by rival airlines such as Continental Airlines and the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division under Richard Wellington McLaren . President Richard Nixon 's attorney Herbert W. Kalmbach suggested that the antitrust suit would be dropped in exchange for a $ 75,000 campaign contribution to the Committee for the Re-Election of the President , which American Airlines CEO George A. Spater agreed to. However,

2067-602: The mid-1930s, Western Air Express had introduced new Boeing 247 aircraft. Western Air Express built and owned Vail Airport in Montebello, CA from 1926 to 1930 and the Alhambra Airport in southern California from 1930 to 1931. Western Air Express operated a seaplane route out of Hamilton Cove Seaplane Base on Catalina Island, California from 1928 to 1930 The company reincorporated in 1928 as Western Air Express Corp. In 1930 it purchased Standard Air Lines ,

2120-720: The oldest still-in-orbit artificial satellites. Grand Central signed a contract to produce the solid rocket motor for the Project Mercury escape tower. This motor was ultimately produced by Lockheed when the Redlands plant was sold to Lockheed Aircraft Corporation. Grand Central was acquired by Lockheed in February 1960 to become the Lockheed Propulsion Company as a research and production facility of solid fuel rockets and solid rocket propellant. On 8 September 1964, LPC President Robert F. Hurt launched

2173-603: The plant on occasion. One such case occurred at 6:55 p.m., according to the Redlands police, on 24 January 1957. The San Bernardino Sheriff's office stated that it was just another "prepared test explosion." Company officials would not elaborate, saying only it was a controlled testing procedure. The Redlands plant provided the ABL X-248 Altair third stage of the Vanguard 1 satellite launch vehicle in 1958. Vanguard 1 and this upper stage remain in orbit, making them

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2226-550: The smallest jet destinations was West Yellowstone, Montana , near Yellowstone National Park . Western flew Boeing 737-200s to West Yellowstone Airport in the summer, replacing Lockheed L-188 Electras . In the 1970s and 1980s, Western served a number of small cities with 737-200s including Butte, Montana , Casper, Wyoming , Cheyenne, Wyoming , Helena, Montana , Idaho Falls, Idaho , Pierre, South Dakota , Pocatello, Idaho , Rapid City, South Dakota and Sheridan, Wyoming . The 737 replaced Electras to all of these cities. In 1968

2279-552: The terms upon which mass medical tort claims may be filed, and debunked the increasingly common notion that "medical monitoring" is always a reasonable response when people are exposed to hazardous chemicals. Nonetheless, the Lockheed-Martin Corporation , successor to Lockheed Aircraft Corporation , has resisted efforts to make it pay for the clean-up of the contamination. Federal policies allowed for burning toxic chemical waste in open, unlined dirt pits during

2332-459: The turbofan-powered Boeing 720B. Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprops were replaced with new 737-200s. In 1973 Western added nine McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10s , marketing its wide-body cabins as "DC-10 Spaceships". They were configured with 46 first-class seats, 193 coach, and a lower level galley. From 1976 to 1981 the DC-10s flew Los Angeles to Miami nonstop. In 1969, Western Airlines opened negotiations to merge with American Airlines . However,

2385-480: The wells in the City of Loma Linda 's municipal drinking water system had been impacted by the perchlorate groundwater plume, originating from the Lockheed site. Perchlorate adversely affects human health by interfering with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland. In adults, the thyroid gland helps regulate the metabolism by releasing hormones, while in children, the thyroid helps in proper development. Some 800 residents in

2438-668: Was acquired by Delta Air Lines , the airline had two hubs, a major operation in Salt Lake City and a small hub in Los Angeles. At its peak in the 1970s and 1980s, Western flew to cities across the western United States, and to Mexico ( Mexico City , Puerto Vallarta , Acapulco , Ixtapa / Zihuatanejo and Mazatlán ), Alaska ( Anchorage , Fairbanks , Juneau , Ketchikan , Kodiak and other Alaskan destinations), Hawaii ( Honolulu , Kahului , Kona , and Hilo ), and Canada ( Vancouver , Calgary and Edmonton ). New York City , Washington, D.C. , Boston , and Miami were added on

2491-419: Was awarded a route from Los Angeles to Denver via Las Vegas, but in 1947 financial problems forced Western to sell the route, and Douglas DC-6 delivery positions, to United Air Lines . In 1947 Western extended the left arm of the W north to Seattle , and added San Diego to Yuma for a few years; in 1950 it extended the middle of the W north to Edmonton . It finally cut across the W in 1953 when DC-6Bs started

2544-629: Was awarded, the 650-mile long Contract Air Mail Route #4 (CAM-4) from Salt Lake City , Utah , to Los Angeles . On 17 April 1926, Western's first flight took place with a Douglas M-2 airplane. It began offering passenger services a month later, when the first commercial passenger flight took place at Woodward Field . Ben F. Redman (then president of the Salt Lake City Chamber of Commerce) and J.A. Tomlinson perched atop U.S. mail sacks and flew with pilot C.N. "Jimmy" James on his regular eight-hour mail delivery flight to Los Angeles. By

2597-472: Was closed and sold in 1975. "In the 1980s, trichloroethylene (TCE), a solvent, was detected in four out of twelve groundwater wells sampled in the Redlands area. The Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management (DDW) within the California Department of Health Services CDHS, directed that any drinking water wells which contained TCE at levels exceeding 5 parts per billion (ppb) or

2650-547: Was expected to begin operation within 90 days. At the outset, 53 highly skilled technicians would be employed. In 1954, the company began operations at a 1,100 acre (?) site in the Mentone area. By 1956, the firm had 130 employees, and was expanding, said President Charles E. Bartley. The U.S. Navy announced on 5 April 1956 that Grand Central Rocket Co. had been selected to build the solid-propellant third-stage rocket for Project Vanguard . Local residents reported explosions at

2703-764: Was founded in 1952 as the Grand Central Rocket Company by Major C. C. Moseley , co-founder of Western Airlines and Charles E. Bartley , the inventor of rubber-based solid rocket fuel propellants. The company announced on 22 December 1953, that a plant for manufacturing solid fuel rocket propellant would be built in the Redlands-Mentone area, and that negotiations with the Redlands City Council for 160 acres of city-owned land in East Lugonia were underway. The facility

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2756-643: Was serving 38 airports; in June 1968 that number had grown to 42. In June 1960, Western Airlines introduced Boeing 707s (707-139s) between Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland and Seattle. 720B nonstops MSP-SFO and MSP-LAX began in 1966, along with LAX-Acapulco. In 1967 WAL acquired Pacific Northern Airlines (PNA, the successor of Woodley Airways ) based in Anchorage, Alaska , its primary routes being Anchorage - Seattle nonstop as well as Anchorage - Juneau - Seattle and Anchorage - Juneau - Ketchikan - Seattle with PNA flying Boeing 720 jetliners on these routes with

2809-536: Was too similar to its own stylized "W" logo. In the 1980s Western Airlines slightly modified the scheme by stripping the white fuselage to bare metal, retaining the red "Flying W" (with a dark blue shadow). This color scheme was known as "Bud Lite" due to its resemblance to a popular beer's can design. Western Airlines was a favorite first class carrier for Hollywood movie stars and frequently featured them in its on board magazine, "Western's World". Marilyn Monroe and many other silver screen actors were frequent flyers and

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