134-862: Groypers , sometimes called the Groyper Army , are a group of alt-right and white nationalist activists, provocateurs, and Internet trolls . They are notable for their attempts to introduce alt-right politics into mainstream conservatism in the United States , their participation in the January 6 United States Capitol attack and the protests leading up to it, and their extremist views. They have targeted other conservative groups and individuals whose agendas they view as too moderate and insufficiently nationalist . The Groyper movement has been described as white nationalist, homophobic , nativist , fascist , sexist , antisemitic , and an attempt to rebrand
268-444: A political scientist specializing in the U.S. far-right , disagreed with this approach, noting that using terms like "white supremacist" in place of "alt-right" conceals the way that alt-right differed from other far-right movements. The 'alt-right' or 'alternative right' is a name currently embraced by some white supremacists and white nationalists to refer to themselves and their ideology, which emphasizes preserving and protecting
402-520: A "profound sense of regret". However, as he was led out of the room following sentencing, he made a hand sign associated with the Groyper movement. Thomas Carey of Pittsburgh, Ohio, Gabriel Chase of Gainesville, Florida , Jon Lizak of Cold Spring Harbor, New York , and Paul Ewald Lovley of Halethorpe, Maryland , all pleaded guilty to demonstrating in a Capitol Building and were each fined $ 500. Groyper influencer Anthime Gionet , known as Baked Alaska,
536-521: A 7-point margin, she claimed without evidence in a speech to her supporters that her loss was due to voter fraud. In late 2022 and early 2023, the Groyper movement shifted away from its longtime position of supporting Donald Trump and instead began promoting the presidential campaign of rapper Kanye West . West brought Fuentes with him for a dinner at Mar-a-Lago with former President Trump, which generated significant controversy while also raising Fuentes' profile; Trump later disavowed Fuentes, claiming he
670-436: A Degenerate Homosexual and an Ethnic Mongrel". Many press sources subsequently termed Yiannopoulos "alt-right". This was rejected both by Hawley, and by alt-rightists; on Occidental Dissent , Griffin asked: "What the hell does Milo Yiannopoulos—a Jewish homosexual who boasts about carrying on interracial relationships with black men—have to do with us?" Other observers instead labeled Yiannopoulos "alt-light" or "alt-lite",
804-410: A competitive primary later that year and was re-elected to the senate, although she was censured for her remarks at the conference calling for political violence . McGeachin, who ran for governor of Idaho that year, was defeated in the primary by incumbent Governor Brad Little by a 20-point margin. One of the candidates endorsed by Fuentes in the 2022 midterms who later disavowed his endorsement
938-501: A confrontation, as Fuentes had grown critical of Kirk's positions, which he believes are too weak. Charlie Kirk and Rob Smith were then questioned by Patrick Casey and other plants in the audience on their views on free speech and homosexuality. Groypers believe that mainstream conservative groups are moving the country towards the left and ceding ground on cultural issues by banning members for associating with white nationalists or neo-Nazis and not caring about what consenting adults do. In
1072-518: A different character from Pepe but of the same species, or a toad . The Groyper meme was used as early as 2015, and became popular in 2017. In 2018, a group of computer scientists studying hateful speech on Twitter observed the Groyper image being used frequently in account avatars among the accounts identified as "hateful" in their dataset. The researchers observed that the profiles tended to be anonymous and collectively tweeted primarily about politics, race, and religion. Similarly, they detected that
1206-510: A genuine—if revolutionary—alternative to the conservative movement that refocused the right's energy on racial consciousness." One of those endorsing Gottfried's idea was fellow paleoconservative Richard B. Spencer . Born in 1978 to a wealthy family and raised in Dallas , Texas , in 2007, Spencer had dropped out of his PhD programme at Duke University to take up a position at The American Conservative magazine. Spencer claimed he coined
1340-512: A graphic about African-American crime statistics which included the white nationalist hashtag "#WhiteGenocide". The alt-righter RamZPaul rejoiced, retweeting Trump's piece with the comment: "Trump watches and is influenced by the Alt Right". Over coming months, Trump retweeted a second tweet that had "#WhiteGenocide" as a hashtag as well as sharing other tweets issued by white supremacists. The alt-right saw this as further evidence that Trump
1474-425: A gun towards counter-protesters. One participant in the rally, a 20-year-old from Ohio named James Alex Fields Jr. , rammed his car into counter-protesters , killing 32-year old Heather D. Heyer and injuring 35 others. Although Spencer condemned the killing, other alt-rightists celebrated it. Fields was arrested and later sentenced to life in prison. The car ramming incident brought much negative publicity to
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#17327798458511608-406: A law enforcement officer during a civil disorder and obstruction of an official proceeding. David Dempsey of Los Angeles, California, received a 20 year sentence for attacking several law enforcement officers on January 6. To date, this is the second-longest sentence of all the convicted insurrectionists. Prior to sentencing he apologized to the police officers present in the courtroom, saying he had
1742-445: A less extreme form of white nationalism. In 2016, the alt-right gained popularity online through social media and forums . Far more widely visited than these alt-right websites was Breitbart News , which between 2016 and 2018 received over 10 million unique visitors a month. Launched by the conservative Andrew Breitbart in 2005, it came under the control of Steve Bannon in 2012. A right-wing nationalist and populist, Bannon
1876-528: A particular link between the two movements due to his staunch anti-egalitarianism and support for ideas about differing IQ levels among racial groups. Also cited in connection with the alt-right was the Dark Enlightenment , or neo- reactionary movement, which emerged online in the 2000s, pursuing an anti-egalitarian message. This movement intersected with the alt-right; many individuals identified with both movements. The Dark Enlightenment however
2010-572: A physical one, Spencer and other alt-right figures organized the August 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia , which led to violent clashes with counter-demonstrators and resulted in one death when an alt-right member drove his car through the crowd of counter-demonstrators . The fallout from the rally resulted in a decline of the alt-right. The alt-right movement espouses
2144-555: A senior campaign advisor. An anonymous source cited by The Washington Post claimed that Fuentes was making it "far more difficult for Trump" to make changes to his campaign "if it looks like he's responding to the groypers." A senior researcher for the Institute for Strategic Dialogue speculated that Fuentes' "crude" attempts at platform manipulation could serve as a blueprint for more sophisticated actors, such as hostile states , to engage in foreign election interference due to
2278-463: A similar way to how civil rights groups lobbied for the rights of African Americans and Hispanic Americans . Although white nationalists often distanced themselves from white supremacism, white supremacist sentiment remained prevalent in white nationalist writings. American white nationalists believed that the United States had been created as a nation explicitly for white people of European descent and that it should remain that way. Many called for
2412-492: A species are possible, siblings rarely mate. Toads recognize and avoid mating with close kin. Advertisement vocalizations given by males appear to serve as cues by which females recognize kin. Kin recognition thus allows avoidance of inbreeding and consequent inbreeding depression . In the United Kingdom, common toads often climb trees to hide in hollows or in nest boxes. In Kenneth Grahame 's novel The Wind in
2546-405: A table display reading "Ye is Right - Change my Mind," a slogan that was derivative of a prior college tour by right-wing commentator Steven Crowder . The events were frequently protested by Jewish student groups and allies, who played music on loudspeakers and chanted in order to drown out the streamers' speeches. The planned college tour was canceled after less than one month, after Clodfelter lost
2680-497: A term also applied to rightists like Mike Cernovich and Gavin McInnes . McInnes clarified his understanding of the difference between the alt-right and alt-lite by explaining that while the former focused on the white race, the latter welcomed individuals of any racial background who shared its belief in the superiority of Western culture . In June 2015, billionaire businessman Donald Trump announced plans to campaign to become
2814-460: Is a myth that handling toads causes warts. Toads travel from non-breeding to breeding areas of ponds and lakes. Bogert (1947) suggests that the toads' call is the most important cue in the homing to ponds. Toads, like many amphibians, exhibit breeding site fidelity ( philopatry ). Individual American toads return to their natal ponds to breed, making it likely they will encounter siblings when seeking potential mates. Although inbred examples within
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#17327798458512948-538: Is not in favor of globalization, immigration and cultural diversity." The alt-right had various ideological forebears. The idea of white supremacy had been dominant across U.S. political discourse throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries. After World War II , it was increasingly repudiated and relegated to the far-right of the country's political spectrum. Far-right groups retaining such ideas—such as George Lincoln Rockwell 's American Nazi Party and William Luther Pierce 's National Alliance —remained marginal. By
3082-437: Is overwhelmingly white and male, attracted to the movement by deteriorating living standards and prospects, anxieties about the social role of white masculinity, and anger at left-wing and non-white forms of identity politics such as feminism and Black Lives Matter . Alt-right material has contributed to the radicalization of men responsible for various murders and terrorist attacks in the U.S. since 2014. Critics charge that
3216-476: Is that 'white identity' is under attack by multicultural forces using 'political correctness' and 'social justice' to undermine white people and 'their' civilization". The Anti-Defamation League states that "alt-right" is a "vague term actually encompass[ing] a range of people on the extreme right who reject mainstream conservatism in favor of forms of conservatism that embrace implicit or explicit racism or white supremacy". The Encyclopædia Britannica defined
3350-678: Is the leader of American Identity Movement (AIM), was on the steps of the Capitol and celebrated the temporary disruption of Congress, but has not been charged. Fuentes and Casey were subpoenaed by the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack in January 2022 for their role in planning the attack. Riley June Williams of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania was accused of invading Nancy Pelosi 's office and stealing her laptop and gavel and of accelerating
3484-769: The Daily Stormer website—named after the Der Stürmer newspaper active in Nazi Germany —in 2013. By 2016, Anglin called the Daily Stormer "the world's most visited alt-right website". While some of the websites associated with the alt-right—like The Daily Stormer and the Traditionalist Youth Network—adopted neo-Nazi approaches, others, such as Occidental Dissent , The Unz Review , Vox Popoli , and Chateau Heartiste , adopted
3618-484: The 11th congressional district of Florida in 2022. On the night of the primary, Fuentes attended Loomer's election watch-party, and they were filmed sharing a toast as results came in that seemed to suggest Loomer would actually defeat incumbent Congressman Daniel Webster ; Loomer toasted "to the hostile takeover of the Republican Party." When additional results came in confirming Loomer's loss to Webster by
3752-618: The AlternativeRight website and took it offline in December 2013. By that year, Spencer was expressing ambivalence about the "alternative right" label; he preferred to be called an "identitarian". On the Internet, Spencer's term "alternative right" was adopted and abbreviated to "alt-right". According to Slate magazine, the abbreviation "retains the former phrase's associations—the mix of alienation and optimism embedded in
3886-608: The Heathen Stephen McNallen . Spencer noted that "if you look at the initial articles for AlternativeRight.com , that was the first stage of the Alt-Right really coming into its own". AlternativeRight.com consisted primarily of short essays, covering a range of political and cultural issues. Many of these reflected the influence of the French Nouvelle Droite, although this declined as
4020-537: The Red Ice video and radio network. In August 2017, the Unite the Right rally took place in Charlottesville, Virginia , bringing together alt-rightists with members of other far-right movements. Many alt-rightists thought that the rally would mark a turning point in the transformation of their movement from an online phenomenon into a street-based one. At altright.com, editor Vincent Law for instance predicted before
4154-618: The USS Liberty incident , and references to the "dancing Israelis" conspiracy theory alleging Israeli involvement in the September 11 attacks . In August 2024, Fuentes began a "digital war" against the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign , which he dubbed "Groyper War 2," referencing the activities of his followers in 2019. In response to Trump's poor election polling , Fuentes began calling for his followers to "bring
Groypers - Misplaced Pages Continue
4288-647: The United States Congress . Groypers are named after a cartoon amphibian named " Groyper ", which is a variant of the Internet meme Pepe the Frog . Groyper is depicted as a rotund, green, frog-like creature, often in a sitting position with its chin resting on interlocked fingers. There is some disagreement around the specifics of Groyper: it is alternatively said to be a depiction of the Pepe character,
4422-525: The pseudoscientific idea of biological racism and promotes a form of identity politics in favor of European Americans and white people internationally. Anti-egalitarian in nature, it rejects the liberal democratic basis of U.S. governance, and opposes both the conservative and liberal wings of the country's political mainstream. Many of its members seek to replace the U.S. with a white separatist ethnostate . Some alt-rightists seek to make white nationalism socially respectable, while others (known as
4556-403: The true toads (Bufonidae) and various other terrestrial or warty-skinned frogs. Non-bufonid "toads" can be found in the families: Usually the largest of the bumps on a toad's skin are those that cover the parotoid glands. The bumps are commonly called warts, but they have nothing to do with pathologic warts , being fixed in size, present on healthy specimens, and not caused by infection. It
4690-400: The " 1488 " scene) adopt openly white supremacist and neo-Nazi stances to shock and provoke. Some alt-rightists are antisemitic , promoting a conspiracy theory that there is a Jewish plot to bring about white genocide , although other alt-rightists view most Jews as members of the white race. The alt-right is anti-feminist and intersects with the online manosphere . Most adherents to
4824-505: The " press and broadcast media ", the term had been "used to describe everything from hardcore Nazis and Holocaust deniers , through to mainstream Republicans in the US, and right-wing populists in Europe". Consequently, because the term "alt-right" was coined by white nationalists themselves, rather than by academic observers, or by their opponents, various journalists avoided it. George Hawley,
4958-477: The "Alt-Right" had become "the banner of white identity politics". The term gained wider usage on websites like 4chan and Reddit , growing in popularity in 2015. Although there had previously been a strong left-libertarian contingent to these online spaces, there was a gradual rightward turn in chan culture centred on 4chan's politics board, /pol/ , during the early-mid 2010s, with the fundamentalist approach to free speech contributing. According to Hawley,
5092-406: The 1990s, white supremacism was largely confined to neo-Nazi and Ku Klux Klan (KKK) groups, although its ideologues wanted to return it to the mainstream. That decade, several white supremacists reformulated their ideas as white nationalism , through which they presented themselves not as seeking to dominate non-white racial groups but rather as lobbying for the interests of European Americans in
5226-462: The 1990s; online, the white nationalist and Patriot movements increasingly converged. Following the election of Democratic Party candidate Barack Obama to the presidency in 2008—making him the first black president of the country—the world-views of various right-wing movements, including white supremacists, Patriots, and Tea Partiers , increasingly began to coalesce, in part due to a shared racial animus against Obama. According to Tait, during
5360-424: The 2014 Gamergate controversy , the alt-right made increasing use of trolling and online harassment to raise its profile. It attracted broader attention in 2015, particularly through coverage on Steve Bannon 's Breitbart News , due to alt-right support for Donald Trump 's presidential campaign . Upon being elected , Trump disavowed the movement. Attempting to transform itself from an online-based movement to
5494-837: The 2018 elections. The neo-Nazi and Holocaust denier Arthur Jones ran for an Illinois congressional seat, the white supremacist Paul Nehlen for the Wisconsin seat of Paul Ryan , the Republican Speaker of the House, and the neo-Nazi Patrick Little for the United States Senate election in California, 2018 . "Dissident right" is a term used by some groups within the alt-right to make white nationalism appear more mainstream or fun. During October and November 2019, Turning Point USA 's "Culture War" college tour
Groypers - Misplaced Pages Continue
5628-473: The Alternative Right", it did not contain the phrase "alternative right" itself. Gottfried observed that, as the paleoconservative movement declined, a new cohort of young right-wingers were rising to take its place in challenging the neoconservative ideology then dominant in the Republican Party and broader U.S. conservative movement. According to Tait, Spencer "saw their project as the creation of
5762-500: The Capitol. The Groyper movement has repeatedly failed to gain any serious political traction, often being disavowed by most politicians it has attempted to support. Congressman Paul Gosar , the keynote speaker for Fuentes' AFPAC II in 2021, disavowed Fuentes and his followers the following day while addressing CPAC . At AFPAC III in 2022, several political figures whom Fuentes claimed were slated to speak, including Arizona gubernatorial nominee Kari Lake and former acting Director of
5896-787: The Groyper movement splintered between Nick Fuentes and Patrick Casey over fears of infiltration by federal informants and doxing at the 2021 America First Political Action Conference , held by Fuentes. Jaden McNeil of America First Students joined in support of Fuentes' conference and accused Casey of disloyalty to Fuentes. In May 2022, McNeil distanced himself from Fuentes in an "interpersonal clash of egos" following conflict over his former position as treasurer of Fuentes' America First Foundation. Groypers are extremely conservative and critical of more mainstream conservative organizations, which they believe to be insufficiently nationalist and pro-white; thus, they appeal to racist and xenophobic individuals. Groypers and their leaders have tried to position
6030-613: The Groypers was a promotional event for Donald Trump Jr.'s book Triggered , featuring Trump, Kirk, and Guilfoyle at the University of California, Los Angeles in November 2019. Anticipating further questions from Fuentes' followers, it was announced that the originally planned Q&A portion of the event would be canceled, which led to heckling and boos from the mostly pro-Trump audience. The disruptions eventually forced them to cut
6164-468: The Internet quickly, effectively or widely. More recently, however, they have experienced a resurgence and mainstreaming, benefitting greatly from social media." According to Hawley, the alt-right began in 2008. In November of that year, the paleoconservative ideologue and academic Paul Gottfried gave a talk at his H. L. Mencken Club in Baltimore . Although the talk was titled "The Decline and Rise of
6298-699: The Jewish community's own fault, claiming that matters "tend to go from zero to sixty" and that "the reason is them". Fuentes declared that matters would get "a lot uglier" for their community if they did not begin to support "people like us". According to the Anti-Defamation League , Groypers blame the mainstream conservative movement as well as the political left for what they view as "destroying white America". They oppose immigration and globalism . Groypers support "traditional" values and Christianity and oppose feminism and LGBTQ rights . Describing
6432-477: The Nouvelle Droite. The alt-right also exhibited similarities with the paleoconservative movement which emerged in the U.S. during the 1980s. Both opposed neoconservatism and expressed similar positions on restricting immigration and supporting an openly nationalistic foreign policy; however, unlike the alt-right, the paleoconservatives were typically closely aligned to Christianity and wanted to reform
6566-697: The President Sebastian Gorka , Special Assistant to the President Julia Hahn , and speechwriter Darren Beattie. After Trump's election, the alt-right also supported the unsuccessful campaigns of several other Republicans, including Roy Moore . Some Republican candidates who were alleged to have alt-right links also ran for office, among them Paul Nehlen , Corey Stewart , Josh Mandel , and Joe Arpaio . In 2016, Twitter began closing alt-right accounts it regarded as engaging in abuse or harassment; among those closed were
6700-564: The Republican Party". Attacking the alt-right as "racist ideas[...] anti-Muslim, anti-immigrant, anti-women ideas", she accused Trump of taking them "mainstream". Clinton said that while half of Trump's supporters were decent individuals "desperate for change", the other half represented a " basket of deplorables ". After Clinton's speech, traffic to alt-right websites rose and the mainstream media gave it increasing coverage; Spencer and other alt-rightists were pleased, believing her speech gave them greater publicity and helped legitimize them in
6834-559: The Republican nominee for the 2016 presidential election , attracting the interest of alt-rightists as well as from white nationalists more broadly, neo-Nazis, KKK groups, and the Patriot movement. Vocal in their support for Trump's campaign , this cause energized the alt-right and gave them the opportunity for a broader audience. Niewert observed that "Trump was the gateway drug for the alt-right", with many individuals learning of
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#17327798458516968-816: The SAS venue after attempting to enter. At the Groyper Leadership Summit, Fuentes, Casey, and former InfoWars contributor Jake Lloyd spoke about the Groypers' strategy and ideology. While outside of a venue where a Turning Point USA event was being held, Fuentes crossed paths with Ben Shapiro, who was on his way to the event with his pregnant wife and two children. Fuentes confronted Shapiro over his past public speaking comments, while Shapiro refused to acknowledge him. Fuentes faced widespread condemnation from politicians and various pundits—including Nikki Haley , Meghan McCain , Sebastian Gorka , Megyn Kelly , and Michael Avenatti —for confronting Shapiro while he
7102-551: The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Thomas Homan , did not attend and disavowed the event upon learning of Fuentes' views. The conference's keynote speaker, Congresswoman Marjorie Taylor Greene , later claimed that she did not know who Fuentes was and, upon learning of his views, condemned him as well. Of the speakers at AFPAC III who did not rescind their support for Fuentes, only two went on to run for major office: Lieutenant Governor of Idaho Janice McGeachin and Arizona State Senator Wendy Rogers . Rogers ultimately won
7236-534: The UCLA incident with Donald Trump Jr. Chadwick Moore of Spectator USA commented that the ordeal revealed deep divisions within the American right among young voters, particularly with regard to the political beliefs of Generation Z , or "Zoomers". This divide, Moore claims, is due to the Groypers viewing Charlie Kirk and others in the mainstream conservative movement as "snatching the baton and appointing themselves
7370-504: The United States during the late 2000s before increasing in popularity and establishing a presence in other countries during the mid-2010s, and has been declining since 2017. The term is ill-defined and has been used in different ways by academics, journalists, media commentators, and alt-right members themselves. In 2010, the American white nationalist Richard B. Spencer launched The Alternative Right webzine . His "alternative right"
7504-515: The accounts of Spencer and his NPI. In February 2017, Reddit then closed down the "r/altright" subreddit after its participants were found to have breached its policy prohibiting doxing . Facebook followed by shutting down Spencer's pages on its platform in April 2018. In January 2017, Spencer launched a new website, Altright.com , which combined the efforts of the Arktos publishing company and
7638-418: The act of proudly affirming an 'alternative' direction—but compacts them into a snappier package". The "alt-right" tag was created with public relations in mind, allowing white nationalists to soften their image and helping to draw in recruits from conservatism. Many white nationalists gravitated to the term to escape the negative connotations of the term "white nationalism". Spencer thought that by this point,
7772-423: The alt-right "managed to reintroduce racist and antisemitic discourse into the mainstream of the right via the overlapping circles of the hardcore alt-right, the alt-lite, and the nebulous world of online anti-progressivism. The story of the alt-right, then, is one of how the American right, or any modern ideological movement, can—and cannot—police itself without guardrails. There has been widespread concern that as
7906-417: The alt-right are also Islamophobic . The movement distinguished itself from earlier forms of white nationalism through its largely online presence and its heavy use of irony and humor, particularly through the promotion of memes like Pepe the Frog . Individuals who are aligned with many of the alt-right's ideas without espousing its white nationalism have been termed " alt-lite ". The alt-right's membership
8040-482: The alt-right as "a loose association of relatively young white nationalists (who largely disavowed racism but celebrated 'white' identity and lamented the alleged erosion of white political and economic power and the decline of white culture in the face of nonwhite immigration and multiculturalism), white supremacists, extreme libertarians , and neo-Nazis." In the Columbia Journalism Review ,
8174-511: The alt-right grew. Spencer later stated that he wanted to create a movement distinct from the white power image of neo-Nazi and KKK groups, noting that their approach to white nationalism was "a total nonstarter. No one outside a hardcore coterie would identify with it". In 2011, Spencer became the head of the white nationalist National Policy Institute and launched the Radix Journal to promote his views; in 2012, he stepped down from
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#17327798458518308-659: The alt-right included Spencer, Vox Day , and Brittany Pettibone . Earlier white nationalist thinkers were also characterized as alt-right thinkers, among them Taylor, and MacDonald. Other prominent alt-rightists included Brad Griffin, a member of the neo-Confederate League of the South who founded the Occidental Dissent blog, Matthew Heimbach , who established the Traditionalist Youth Network in 2013, and Andrew Anglin , who launched
8442-526: The alt-right meant ... a constellation of writers and thinkers working outside the mainstream conservative establishment. ... who valued anti-modern sources of identity, such as ethnicity or religion, the United States' historic whiteness, or traditional cultural norms. ... [and] opposed immigration and globalized capitalism. Alienated by Reaganism , which they considered a conservative form of liberalism because of its insistence on individualism and its Jeffersonian sense of equality, some paleoconservatives broached
8576-490: The alt-right remained "far to Trump's right", and Trump himself had little understanding of the movement. Many alt-rightists recognized that Trump did not share their white nationalism and would not bring about all the changes they desired; they nevertheless approved of his hard attitude to immigration, his calls for a ban on Muslims entering the U.S. , and for a wall to be built along the border with Mexico to curtail illegal immigration. They were grateful that he had shifted
8710-413: The alt-right was "an outgrowth of Internet troll culture", with Hermansson et al observing that "Online Antagonistic Communities" were key to the formation of the alt-right as a distinct movement. The alt-right's emergence was marked by the online gamergate controversy of 2014, in which some gamers harassed those promoting feminism within the gaming scene and voiced opposition towards progressivism in
8844-478: The alt-right"; he may have been referring not to the website's official content but to its comments section—which is lightly moderated and contains more extreme views than those of Breitbart itself. Several political scientists rejected the characterization of Breitbart as alt-right, although press sources repeatedly described it as such, and the journalist Mike Wendling termed Breitbart "the chief popular media amplifier of alt-right ideas". In March 2016,
8978-534: The alt-right's edgy humor, intended to provoke those who believed in a progressive morality." Lastly, Tait noted that unlike the "moral opprobrium" of the Ku Klux Klan and American Nazi Party , "the early alt-right centered on flagship publications was, to some extent, invested in a kind of white nationalist respectability politics." The Southern Poverty Law Center defined the alt-right as "a set of far-right ideologies, groups and individuals whose core belief
9112-537: The alt-right. Taylor, for instance, became a revered figure in alt-right circles. Under the Republican presidency of George W. Bush in the 2000s, the white nationalist movement focused largely on criticizing conservatives rather than liberals , accusing them of betraying white Americans. In that period, they drew increasingly on the conspiracy theories that had been generated by the Patriot movement since
9246-524: The attack in general. She was tried and found guilty of six charges, including a felony count of civil disorder. She was sentenced on March 23, 2023, to three years in prison with three years of probation and fined. Christian Secor of Costa Mesa, California was present at the Capitol Building, where he allegedly flew the Groypers flag. He was accused of Obstruction of an Official Proceeding, Civil Disorder, Assault, and Resisting arrest. At trial, he
9380-687: The backlash of the Unite the Right rally, the fracturing of the movement, more effective banishment of hate speech and harassment from major social media websites and widespread opposition by the American population. In 2018, Heidi Beirich of the Southern Poverty Law Center described it as "imploding", while Marilyn Mayo of the Anti-Defamation League stated that the alt-right was in "a downward spiral, but it doesn't mean they're going to disappear". That year, Heimbach
9514-458: The chance of a large-scale political movement dies out, lone-wolf terrorist attacks from members will become common. In 2017, terrorist attacks and violence affiliated with the alt-right and white supremacy were the leading cause of extremist violence in the United States. Zack Beauchamp of Vox suggested that "other, more nakedly violent far-right movements have risen in its wake". Several alt-right candidates ran as Republican candidates in
9648-482: The conservative movement rather than destroy it. Certain paleoconservatives, such as Samuel T. Francis , became especially close to white nationalism. There were also links between the American right-libertarian movement and the alt-right, despite libertarianism's general condemnation of identity politics and collectivism . Many senior alt-rightists previously considered themselves libertarians, and right-libertarian theorist Murray Rothbard has been cited as
9782-425: The debate guys". Several mainstream conservative commentators also weighed in on the matter. Addressing the increase in attention towards the far-right due to the aggressive questioning of Kirk, Ben Shapiro gave a speech at Stanford University in which he attacked Fuentes (without naming him) and his followers as essentially being a rebranded version of the alt-right. Representative Dan Crenshaw similarly referred to
9916-399: The declining alt-right movement. Groypers are a loosely defined group of followers and fans of Nick Fuentes , a white nationalist, far-right political commentator and livestreamer . After Fuentes, there is no clear second in the Groyper hierarchy. Groypers are named after a cartoon amphibian named " Groyper ", which is a variant of the Internet meme Pepe the Frog . In February 2021,
10050-407: The early waves of attack on the Capitol building. Exact numbers are not known but several were arrested. By February 2021, the Anti-Defamation League had reported that they had identified ten Groypers or related white supremacists involved in the riots. Nicholas (Nick) Fuentes was on the steps of the Capitol and celebrated the temporary disruption of Congress, but has not been charged. Patrick Casey
10184-624: The economy from "highly educated women". All of these factors also lead to "the collapse of intellectual and political guardrails on the right. The alt-right drew upon several older currents of right-wing thought. One was the Nouvelle Droite , a far-right movement that originated in 1960s France before spreading elsewhere in Europe. Many alt-rightists adopted the Nouvelle Droite's views on pursuing long-term cultural change through " metapolitical " strategies; it thereby shares similarities with European identitarianism , which also draws upon
10318-603: The end" for the alt-right, with the movement's growth stalling from that point. Celebrating Trump's victory, Spencer held a November meeting in Washington D.C. in which he stated that he thought that he had "a psychic connection, a deeper connection with Donald Trump, in a way we simply do not have with most Republicans". He ended the conference by declaring "Hail Trump! Hail our people! Hail victory!", to which various attendees responded with Nazi salutes and chanting. This attracted significant press attention. When questioned on
10452-657: The energy with memes, edits, replies, and trolls" aimed at pressuring the Trump campaign to adopt further-right positions on race and immigration, as well as urging Donald Trump to fire his campaign advisors, Chris LaCivita and Susie Wiles . In addition to directing his followers to make their demands trend on Twitter and Truth Social , Fuentes threatened to "escalate pressure in the real world," urging followers to withhold their votes and protest Trump rallies in battleground states. Shortly after initiating this effort, Fuentes took credit for Trump's rehiring of Corey Lewandowski as
10586-476: The event and its participants, earning the alt-right a reputation for violence. Various commentators and politicians, including Sessions, labelled Fields' ramming attack " domestic terrorism ". Trump claimed that there were "some very fine people on both sides" of the Charlottesville protests, stating that what he called the "alt-left" bore some responsibility for the violence. Spencer stated that he
10720-872: The event short after 30 minutes, when it was originally scheduled to last for two hours. Groypers' targets for heckling quickly expanded beyond Charlie Kirk and Turning Point USA. Groypers began targeting other mainstream conservative groups and individuals, which they sometimes collectively call "Conservative Inc.", including events hosted by Young America's Foundation and their student outreach branch Young Americans for Freedom , which included such speakers as Ben Shapiro and Matt Walsh of The Daily Wire , and Jonah Goldberg of The Dispatch . Questions posed to their opponents often focus on topics including United States–Israel relations , immigration policy , affirmative action , and LGBTQ conservatives . They regularly use antisemitic dogwhistles in their confrontations with other conservatives, including numerous questions about
10854-536: The event took place that "People will talk about Charlottesville as a turning point". However, the event and its aftermath proved demoralizing for many in the movement. Various violent acts took place at the rally. An African-American man, DeAndre Harris , was assaulted by demonstrators, while Richard W. Preston, an Imperial Wizard for the Maryland -based Confederate White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, fired
10988-617: The fall of 2019, Kirk launched a college speaking tour with Turning Point USA titled "Culture War", featuring himself alongside such guests as Senator Rand Paul , Donald Trump Jr. , Kimberly Guilfoyle , Lara Trump , and Congressman Dan Crenshaw . In retaliation for the firing of St. Clair and the Politicon incident, Fuentes subsequently began organizing a social media campaign asking his followers to go to Kirk's events and ask provocative and controversial leading questions regarding his stances on immigration, Israel , and LGBT rights during
11122-566: The first annual America First Political Action Conference , which included such speakers as Patrick Casey, former Daily Caller author Scott Greer, and Malkin. Groypers are very active online, particularly on Twitter, and have engaged in targeted harassment against opponents. Financial Times reported that many Groypers use "deceptively anodyne" Twitter biographies, describing themselves in terms that downplay their extremism, like "Christian conservative". In April 2020, The Daily Dot reported that Fuentes and other Groypers had begun to move to
11256-457: The formation of an explicitly white ethnostate . Seeking to distance themselves from the violent, skinhead image of neo-Nazi and KKK groups, several white nationalist ideologues—namely Jared Taylor , Peter Brimelow , and Kevin B. MacDonald —sought to cultivate an image of respectability and intellectualism through which to promote their views. Hawley later termed their ideology "highbrow white nationalism", and noted its particular influence on
11390-504: The funding for both the tour itself and the Rumble channel associated with it. On May 4, 2023, it was reported that West had fired Fuentes and Alexander, the latter of whom had become embroiled in a sexual harassment scandal involving young men and underaged boys, and re-hired Yiannopoulos, who had since split from Fuentes and was the first one to leak the allegations against Alexander. The Groyper Wars earned widespread media attention after
11524-613: The group's ideology as being based around "Christian conservatism", "traditional values", and "American nationalism". Some Groypers downplay the extremism of their positions, and instruct others on how to engage in entryism and radicalization tactics such as slowly introducing their targets to increasingly extreme ideas. Despite attempts to brand themselves more moderately, the group is widely recognized as white nationalist, antisemitic, and homophobic. Fuentes claimed that he had been "oppressed" by "the Jews" and blamed antisemitic actions as being
11658-435: The guardians of 2016 's spoils", despite holding beliefs that Fuentes and his followers believe to be in conflict with then-President Trump's " Make America Great Again " agenda. Another Spectator author, Ben Sixsmith, claimed that Turning Point's unwillingness to respond to controversial questions, and subsequent use of insults to dismiss their critics, revealed the organization's hypocrisy after having "promoted themselves as
11792-564: The incident, Spencer stated that the salutes were given "in a spirit of irony and exuberance". Later that month, Trump was asked about the alt-right in an interview with The New York Times . He responded: "I don't want to energize the group, and I disavow the group". This rejection angered many alt-rightists. In April 2017, many alt-rightists criticized Trump's order to launch the Shayrat missile strike against Syrian military targets; like many of those who had supported him, they believed he
11926-407: The journalist Chava Gourarie labelled it a "rag-tag coalition" operating as a "diffuse online subculture" that had "an inclination for vicious online trolling, with some roots in fringe-right ideologies". In The New York Times , journalists Aishvarya Kavi and Alan Feuer defined the alt-right as "a loosely affiliated collection of racists , misogynists and Islamophobes that rose to prominence around
12060-578: The lack of enforcement actions taken by Twitter and Truth Social in response to Fuentes' brief influence campaign. In December 2019, Fuentes announced and held the Groyper Leadership Summit in Florida . A small group attended the event in person, and attendees also joined via livestream. The event was held at the same time and in the same city as Turning Point USA's Student Action Summit (SAS); Groypers argued with SAS attendees outside of their venue, and Fuentes, Patrick Casey, and some Groypers were removed from
12194-489: The law regardless of creed, gender, ethnic origin or race. — The Associated Press Hermansson et al defined the alt-right as "a far right, anti-globalist grouping" that operated "primarily online though with offline outlets". They noted that its "core belief is that ' white identity ' is under attack from pro-multicultural and liberal elites, and so-called ' social justice warriors ' (SJWs), who allegedly use 'political correctness' to undermine Western civilisation and
12328-476: The meme. Followers of Nick Fuentes began to be known as Groypers beginning in 2019. Fuentes' followers are also sometimes called "Nickers". In September 2019, Ashley St. Clair, a "brand ambassador" for the conservative student group Turning Point USA , was photographed at an event featuring several allegedly white nationalist and alt-right figures, including Fuentes, Jacob Wohl , and Anthime Gionet, better known as " Baked Alaska ". After Right Wing Watch brought
12462-506: The movement through their interest in Trump. Tait observed that "Trump's own political inclinations coincided with some of the alt-right's positions on issues like immigration and opposition to globalism.", giving extreme right-wing thinkers "a hard currency they had lacked for decades." However, Tait argued that the press "overstate[d] the connection" between Trump and the alt-right because doing otherwise "required serious reporting and uncomfortable introspection to understand." Ideologically,
12596-507: The national conversation rightward, and that he had shown that it was possible to challenge the mainstream conservative movement from the right. Griffin called on alt-rightists to "join the Trump campaign... to take down the hated cuckservative establishment". A small minority of alt-rightists were against supporting Trump; The Right Stuff contributor " Auschwitz Soccer Ref " complained that two of Trump's children had married Jews. A keen Twitter user, in November 2015, Trump retweeted
12730-419: The perceived culture war being waged by leftists. Through their shared opposition to political correctness, feminism, and multiculturalism, chan culture built a link to the alt-right. Political commentator Milo Yiannopoulos first rose to prominence through his reporting on gamergate for Breitbart News . By 2015, the alt-right had gained significant momentum as an online movement. Notable promoters of
12864-470: The perceived failure of the war on terror led by neoconservatives , the Obergefell v. Hodges Supreme Court decision that legalized same-sex marriage and undermined social conservatism , the 2008 Great Recession that undermined conservatives' support of the free market, and men with certain beliefs about gender roles "feeling traditionally male spaces were being eroded." and facing competition in
12998-659: The photographs to Turning Point USA's attention, the organization issued a statement declaring that it had severed ties with St. Clair, and condemning white nationalism as "abhorrent and un-American". At the 2019 Politicon convention, Fuentes tried to access several of the Turning Point USA events featuring its founder Charlie Kirk , including a line to take photos with Kirk and Kirk's debate with Kyle Kulinski of The Young Turks . Security repeatedly barred him from being allowed anywhere near Kirk, with Fuentes accusing Kirk of deliberately suppressing him in order to avoid
13132-449: The political landscape." Groups like the terrorist group Atomwaffen Division grew after the Unite the Right rally, recruiting those radicalized by its failure. New groups were also former in the aftermath, like Patriot Front that split from Vanguard America . The accelerationist tome Siege spread rapidly in the post-Unite the Right landscape as radicalized alt-right adherents pushed one another to commit violence and "read Siege"
13266-619: The public eye. Many Trump supporters adopted the moniker of "deplorables", and the term was widely used on memes that the alt-right promoted online. In September, Spencer, Taylor, and Peter Brimelow held a press conference in Washington DC to explain their goals. When Trump won the election in November, the alt-right's response was generally triumphalist and self-congratulatory. Anglin stated: "Make no mistake about it: we did this. If it were not for us, it wouldn't have been possible"; Spencer tweeted that "The Alt-Right has been declared
13400-457: The question "How does anal sex help us win the culture war ?" at Kirk's co-host Rob Smith, a gay black veteran of the Iraq War . Fuentes' social media campaign against Kirk became known as the "Groyper Wars". Kirk, Smith, and others at Turning Point USA, including Benny Johnson , began labeling the questioners as white supremacists and antisemites. Another Turning Point USA event targeted by
13534-485: The question-and-answer sessions, for the purpose of exposing Kirk as a "fake conservative". At a Culture War event hosted by Ohio State University on October 29, eleven out of fourteen questions during the Q&;A section were asked by Groypers. Groypers asked questions including, "Can you prove that our white European ideals will be maintained if the country is no longer made up of white European descendants?", and directed
13668-539: The questioners as "alt-right 2.0" while American Conservative Union chairman Matt Schlapp said that "there is no place in our conservative movement for those interested in fomenting hate, mob violence, or racist propaganda." Conversely, conservative commentator Michelle Malkin wrote an article for American Greatness attacking Kirk for his immigration policies, and particularly his stance that green cards should be awarded to immigrants who graduate from American universities. After defending Fuentes and his followers, Malkin
13802-487: The racist or antisemitic third rails of the American right." Second, Tait noted that "The key characteristics of the intellectual alt-right were the rejection of liberal democracy and core aspects of the American political tradition, racialism, and the constitution of a white ethnostate ." Third, Tait noted "a nihilistic undercurrent to the alt-right." with "a secular outlook that imputed a meaninglessness to life—at least under present circumstances. This attitude came forth in
13936-568: The relationship between Groypers and the Republican Party , Nick Fuentes has stated, "We are the right-wing flank of the Republican Party." He summarized his political ambitions by stating, "We have got to be on the right, dragging [moderate Republicans] kicking and screaming into the future. Into a truly reactionary party." In 2022, Fuentes advocated for a political "white uprising" to bring Donald Trump back to power and "never leave," wanting America to "stop having elections" and abolish
14070-500: The rights of white males". The anti-fascist researcher Matthew N. Lyons defined the alt-right as "a loosely organized far-right movement that shares a contempt for both liberal multiculturalism and mainstream conservatism; a belief that some people are inherently superior to others; a strong Internet presence and embrace of specific elements of online culture; and a self-presentation as being new, hip, and irreverent". Historian Joshua Tait said that "In its first and most direct meaning,
14204-475: The rise of the Tea Party movement and Mitt Romney 's 2012 presidential campaign , there were "cultural and economic shifts that created the conditions for a parallel shift in right-wing politics.", including changing demographics , the rise of the Internet and social media giving a significant platform to more extreme right-wing voices that were previously marginalized by "responsible conservative gatekeepers",
14338-422: The tendency among some of its political opponents to apply the term "alt-right" liberally to a broad range of right-wing groups and viewpoints. As the alt-right rose to wider awareness around 2016, media sources struggled to understand it; some commentators applied the term as a catch-all for anyone they deemed far-right. The scholars Patrik Hermansson, David Lawrence, Joe Mulhall, and Simon Murdoch noted that in
14472-409: The term "alt-right" is merely a rebranding of white supremacism. The term "alt-right" is an abbreviation of "alternative right". A distinct far-right movement arising in the 2010s, it both drew on older far-right ideas, and displayed novelties. Efforts to define the alt-right have been complicated by the contradictory ways in which self-described "alt-rightists" have defined the movement, and by
14606-606: The term "alternative right" for the lecture's title, although Gottfried maintained that they were its joint creators. As "alternative right" became associated increasingly with white nationalism in subsequent years, Gottfried distanced himself from it. After The American Conservative fired Spencer, in 2008 he became managing director of Taki Theodoracopulos 's right-wing website Taki's Magazine . The website initially contained contributions largely from paleoconservatives and right-libertarians, but under Spencer also gave space to white nationalists like Taylor. In 2009, Spencer used
14740-543: The term "alternative right" in the title of an article by white nationalist Kevin DeAnna . By 2010, Spencer had moved fully from paleoconservatism to white nationalism, although various later press sources instead called him a white supremacist. Leaving Taki's Magazine , in March 2010, Spencer launched The Alternative Right webzine . Early issues featured articles by white nationalists like Taylor and MacDonald as well as
14874-481: The time of Mr. Trump's first campaign." BBC journalist Mike Wendling termed it "an incredibly loose set of ideologies held together by what they oppose: feminism, Islam, the Black Lives Matter movement, political correctness , a fuzzy idea they call 'globalism,' and establishment politics of both the left and the right". PCMag defines the alt-right as "An ultra-conservative movement in the U.S. that
15008-490: The use of flash demonstrations, returning to Charlottesville with a much smaller group for an unannounced protest in October. Unite the Right exacerbated tensions between the alt-right and the alt-lite; Breitbart distanced itself from the alt-right, as did Yiannopoulos, who insisted he had "nothing in common" with Spencer. The alt-right significantly declined in 2017 and 2018. This happened for multiple reasons, including
15142-414: The users were not "lone wolves" and the individuals could be identified as a community with a high network centrality. The same year, Right Wing Watch reported that Massachusetts congressional hopeful Shiva Ayyadurai had created a campaign pin featuring a variation of the Groyper image, which RWW described as an attempt to appeal to the far-right activists on 4chan , Gab , and Twitter who had adopted
15276-544: The video game industry. Members of gamergate claimed to promote ethics in video games journalism. According to the journalist David Neiwert , Gamergate "heralded the rise of the alt-right and provided an early sketch of its primary features: an Internet presence beset by digital trolls, unbridled conspiracism, angry-white-male-identity victimization culture, and, ultimately, open racism, antisemitism, ethnic hatred, misogyny, and sexual and gender paranoia". Gamergate politicized many young people, especially males, in opposition to
15410-538: The video sharing platform TikTok , where they streamed live and used the "duet" feature to respond to Trump supporters. Groypers particularly targeted one left-wing teenage girl for harassment, which began on TikTok but spread across platforms. Fuentes and some other Groyper accounts were banned from TikTok shortly after the Daily Dot article was published. Groypers were present at the January 6 United States Capitol attack , and prominent among those who participated in
15544-460: The white race in the United States in addition to, or over, other traditional conservative positions such as limited government, low taxes and strict law-and-order. The movement has been described as a mix of racism, white nationalism and populism ... criticizes 'multiculturalism' and more rights for non-whites, women, Jews, Muslims, gays, immigrants and other minorities. Its members reject the American democratic ideal that all should have equality under
15678-496: The winner... We're the establishment now". Alt-rightists were generally supportive of Trump's decision to appoint Bannon his chief strategist, and Jeff Sessions his attorney general . While aware that Trump would not pursue a white nationalist agenda, the alt-right hoped to pull him further to the right, taking hardline positions that made him look more moderate, and thus shifting mainstream discourse rightward. Wendling suggested that Trump's election signaled "the beginning of
15812-643: The writers Allum Bokhari and Yiannopoulos published an article in Breitbart discussing the alt-right. They downplayed its most extreme elements and championed its counter-cultural value. Bokhari and Yiannopoulos' piece was subsequently widely cited in the mainstream press, with Hawley describing it as "the most sympathetic portrayal of the movement to appear in a major media venue to date". Many alt-rightists responded negatively to Bokhari and Yiannopoulos' article; The Daily Stormer referred to it as "the Product of
15946-477: Was Joe Kent , running for the 3rd congressional district in Washington . In response to the disavowal, Fuentes began organizing an online campaign against Kent in the hopes of blocking him from winning the nomination; Kent ultimately secured the Republican nomination, defeating incumbent Congresswoman Jaime Herrera Beutler . Fuentes and the Groyper movement later supported the candidacy of Laura Loomer for
16080-631: Was "really proud" of the president for those comments. Amid criticism of his comments, Trump added his view that "racism is evil" and that "those who cause violence in its name are criminals and thugs". Various alt-rightists who attended the rally experienced personal and legal repercussions for their involvement; one attendee, the U.S. Marine Vasillios Pistolis, was for instance court-martialled. Internet service providers and social media websites subsequently terminated many alt-right accounts and sites. Prominent figures like Spencer became reticent about organizing further public protests. He experimented with
16214-440: Was arrested for his role in storming the Capitol building, which he live streamed. According to the Institute for Strategic Dialogue , "During the riot, he wore Pit Viper sunglasses , which have since been adopted as a symbol by the Groypers." Tristan Sartor, from Ruffs Dale, Pennsylvania , was charged with criminally entering a restricted building and attempting to “impede or disrupt the orderly conduct of Government business” at
16348-481: Was arrested for the battery of his wife and father-in-law, resulting in the dissolution of his Traditionalist Workers Party, while Anglin went into hiding to avoid a harassment lawsuit, and Spencer canceled his speaking tour. Writing for The Guardian , Jason Wilson stated that "the alt-right looks like it is crumbling". Tait stated that after the Unite the Right rally, "it was clear that the alt-right brand had been oversaturated, diluted, and damaged.", but added that
16482-416: Was fired as a speaker for Young America's Foundation, a rival organization to Turning Point whose events had also been targeted by Groypers. Malkin later would refer to herself as a mother figure among and a leader of the Groypers. Alt-right The alt-right (abbreviated from alternative right ) is a far-right , white nationalist movement. A largely online phenomenon , the alt-right originated in
16616-549: Was formed "in defense of Christian values, strong families, closed borders, and the American worker", is considered to push the Groyper movement. In February 2020, Fuentes spoke at several events that were held as rival events to the Conservative Political Action Conference . One such event, hosted by the online publication National File , featured Fuentes, Alex Jones of InfoWars , and Proud Boys founder Gavin McInnes . Fuentes hosted
16750-543: Was found guilty and sentenced last year to three years and six months in prison. Joseph Brody of Springfield, Virginia, and four others acted as a group which assisted the mob "... in using a metal barricade against a U.S. Capitol Police officer, knocking the officers back as he attempted to secure the North Door". He was found guilty of felony charges of assaulting a police officer, resisting or impeding law enforcement officers, causing bodily injury, interfering with
16884-404: Was frequently targeted by the dissident right, led by Nick Fuentes , who consider some groups to be not sufficiently conservative on issues of race and ethnicity, immigration, and LGBTQ rights. According to Tait, "Leading figures associated with the alt-right have disappeared into obscurity, self-immolated, and reinvented themselves as centrists. Meanwhile, the ideology's ideas have diffused across
17018-625: Was going back on his promise of a more non-interventionist foreign policy in the Middle East. Hawley noted that the alt-right's influence on the Trump administration was "negligible". However, press sources alleged that several appointments within the Trump administration were linked to the alt-right, including Senior Advisor to the President Stephen Miller , National Security Advisor Michael Flynn , Deputy Assistant to
17152-548: Was hostile to mainstream conservatism. Although much of Breitbart 's coverage fed into racially charged narratives, it did not promote white nationalism, differing from the mainstream conservative press more in tone than in content. Alt-rightists termed Breitbart " alt-lite "; this term appeared in the alt-right's language in mid-2016, used pejoratively for rightists who shared their contempt for mainstream conservatism but not their white nationalism. In July 2016, Bannon claimed that Breitbart had become "the platform for
17286-507: Was influenced by earlier forms of American white nationalism, as well as paleoconservatism , the Dark Enlightenment , and the Nouvelle Droite . His term was shortened to "alt-right" and popularized by far-right participants of /pol/ , the politics board of the web forum 4chan . It came to be associated with other white nationalist websites and groups, including Andrew Anglin 's Daily Stormer , Brad Griffin's Occidental Dissent , and Matthew Heimbach's Traditionalist Worker Party . Following
17420-515: Was not initially aware of Fuentes' views. West's campaign soon included other figures in the Groyper movement, including Milo Yiannopoulos , Ali Alexander , and Rumble streamer Nico Kenn De Balinthazy, better known by his online alias "Sneako". Many Groypers, including fellow streamers on Fuentes' website Cozy.tv, began using their platforms to promote West's antisemitic views. Two Cozy streamers, Dalton Clodfelter and Tyler Russell, began streaming themselves harassing students at college campuses with
17554-447: Was not white nationalist, deeming the latter insufficiently elitist. According to Dean, in the 1990s, there were "alt-right" Usenet groups that consisted of fringe libertarians, anarcho-capitalists , and fans of American writer and philosopher Ayn Rand , who advocated for the abolition of the state in favor of private property and markets. According to Winter, during the 1990s and early 2000s, "the American far-right did not harness
17688-536: Was posted on /pol/ over 5,500 times between 2017 and 2022. Toad List of Anuran families Toad is a common name for certain frogs , especially of the family Bufonidae , that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands . In popular culture ( folk taxonomy ), toads are associated with drier, rougher skin and more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy . In scientific taxonomy, toads include
17822-502: Was their champion. In August 2016, Trump appointed Bannon to lead his election campaign. This was swiftly condemned in a Reno, Nevada speech given by the Democratic Party's nominee for the presidency, Hillary Clinton . She highlighted Bannon's claim that Breitbart was "the platform for the alt-right", describing the movement as "an emerging racist ideology" and warning that "a fringe element has effectively taken over
17956-509: Was with his family. In January 2020, Groyper and former leader of Kansas State University 's Turning Point USA chapter Jaden McNeil formed the Kansas State University organization America First Students. The group, which shares a name with Fuentes' America First podcast, was conceived at the Groyper Leadership Summit, and Groyper leaders have helped promote the group. The America First Students organization, which states it
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