A local board of health (or simply a local board ) was a local authority in urban areas of England and Wales from 1848 to 1894. They were formed in response to cholera epidemics and were given powers to control sewers, clean the streets, regulate environmental health risks including slaughterhouses and ensure the proper supply of water to their districts. Local boards were eventually merged with the corporations of municipal boroughs in 1873, or became urban districts in 1894.
48-547: DHSC may refer to: Department of Health and Social Care of the United Kingdom Department of Health and Social Care (Isle of Man) DHSC (football club) of Utrecht, Netherlands Doctor of Health Science (D.H.Sc.) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title DHSC . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
96-554: A "digital front door" for patients, with increasing functionality to be added and remote consultations with GPs are to be encouraged. £25 million is to be provided in 2022/23 to support the rapid digitisation of social care, including adopting Digital Social Care Records. In response to Government spending reduction targets following the 2008-9 international financial crisis and subsequent recession , DH in common with several other Government Departments resorted to large-scale staffing reductions. In order to minimise redundancy costs,
144-606: A change in nomenclature: the authorities created by the 1858 act were simply entitled "local boards" and their areas as "local government districts". When the General Board of Health was abolished in 1858 its responsibilities in respect of local government passed to the Secretary of State of the Home Department , in whose department a Local Government Act Office was formed to administer the local boards. In 1871
192-459: A city), larger-area PCTs (e.g. covering a whole county), PCT clusters (e.g. quarter of London or South of Tyne and Wear) and the currently unspecified Clinical Commissioning Groups. The tendency to introduce each reorganisation before its predecessor has had time to settle down and generate improved performance has attracted censure amongst healthcare professions in the UK and beyond, including reference to
240-400: A joined-up health and social care record by March 2025 in which all clinical teams will have access to a complete view of a person's record that they can contribute to. In 2022 86% of trusts had "some form of electronic patient record" but only 45% of social care providers used a digital social care record, and 23% of care home staff cannot access the internet consistently. The NHS app is to be
288-407: A number of hospitals missed the completion target, and as of June 2008 one in four NHS trusts was not meeting the government's standards on hygiene. Its advice to primary care on prescribing drugs such as proton pump inhibitors has been criticised as wasteful. The DH has attracted criticism for its handling of the outcome of Modernising Medical Careers , in particular in the changes it made to
336-560: A separate agency was again formed entitled the Local Government Board , with a President who was frequently a Cabinet member. The Local Government Board also took over the duties of the Poor Law Board . The procedure for adopting the act and constituting a local board was laid out in sections 12 – 17 of the act, and was similar to that in the 1848 act. Changes made included: The method of electing members of
384-861: A single authority the medical and public health functions of central government. This took on the medical duties of the Board of Education , the duties of the Privy Council under the Midwives Acts, the powers of the Home Secretary in relation to the Children Act 1908 ( 8 Edw. 7 . c. 67), and the duties of the Insurance Commissioners and the Welsh Insurance Commissioners. In the early part of
432-829: A single local body. The act could be applied to any place in England and Wales except the City of London and some other areas in the Metropolis already under the control of sewer commissioners . The Act was passed by the Whig government of Lord John Russell , in response to the urging of Edwin Chadwick . This was supported by reports, from the Royal Commission on the Health of Towns (formed in 1843) and local branches of
480-681: Is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom . It is responsible for government policy on health and adult social care matters in England, along with a few elements of the same matters which are not otherwise devolved to the Scottish Government , Welsh Government or Northern Ireland Executive . It oversees the English National Health Service (NHS). The department
528-471: Is a criminal justice matter and is devolved. Local board of health The first local boards were created under the Public Health Act 1848 ( 11 & 12 Vict. c. 63). The aim of the act was to improve the sanitary condition of towns and populous places in England and Wales by placing: the supply of water; sewerage; drainage; cleansing; paving, and environmental health regulation under
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#1732787628697576-411: Is led by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care with three ministers of state and three parliamentary under-secretaries of state . The department develops policies and guidelines to improve the quality of care and to meet patient expectations. It carries out some of its work through arms-length bodies (ALBs) , including executive non-departmental public bodies such as NHS England and
624-543: Is not clear progress by November 2009, a new plan could be hatched. On the eve of the departure of Fujitsu as an outsourcing partner, Connelly said in April 2009 that she would open up sourcing to competition at "acute" sites in the south of England and offer toolkits by March 2010 to allow more local configuration of systems. In January 2009, MPs criticised DH for its confidentiality agreement with key supplier CSC and in March
672-746: Is now mainly occupied by staff from the department's arms-length bodies. New King's Beam House near Blackfriars Bridge was formerly a Department of Health office prior to the expiry of its lease in October 2011. Alexander Fleming House , Hannibal House and Eileen House (all in Elephant and Castle) were previously used by the department. The archives are at Nelson , Lancashire. The Department of Health and Social Care's ministers are as follows, with cabinet ministers in bold: - overall financial control and oversight of NHS delivery and performance - oversight of social care policy The permanent secretary at
720-690: The 2018 British cabinet reshuffle , the department was renamed the Department of Health and Social Care. The department's headquarters and ministerial offices are at 39 Victoria Street , London . The department moved from its previous location in Richmond House , Whitehall in November 2017. Its other principal offices are Skipton House ( Elephant and Castle ), Wellington House near Waterloo station and Quarry House in Leeds . Wellington House
768-539: The Health of Towns Association (formed in 1844), of poor and insanitary conditions in many UK cities. The act created a General Board of Health as a central authority to administer the act. There were three commissioners: the president of the board being the First Commissioner of Her Majesty's Woods and Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings , the other two members being appointed by warrant. The board
816-745: The Local Government Act 1894 became rural and urban district councils. With the emergence of modern local government, some of its supervision was done by the Local Government Act Office, part of the Home Office. The Ministry of Health Act 1919 abolished the Local Government Board and transferred its powers and duties to a new department called the Ministry of Health, which consolidated under
864-661: The NHS Digital , and executive agencies such as the UK Health Security Agency and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The DHSC also manages the work of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The expenditure, administration and policy of the department are scrutinised by the Health and Social Care Select Committee . Like many others,
912-485: The Privy Council . Responsibility for health issues was also in part vested in local health boards , which existed from 1848 to 1894. In 1871, the Local Government Board was created to supervise such local functions as health and sanitation and also took over the functions of the Poor Law Board , which was abolished. The Public Health Act 1875 ( 38 & 39 Vict. c. 55) designated sanitary districts , which by
960-450: The 20th century, medical assistance had been provided through these National Health Insurance Commissions. Most of the Local Government Board staff transferred to the new ministry. The co-ordination of local medical services was expanded in connection with emergency and wartime services, from 1935 to 1945, and these developments culminated in the establishment of the NHS in 1948. In 1968,
1008-619: The Blair administration.The NHS as of 1 April 2013 is no longer situated within the DH, as NHS England also went 'live' at the same time. Therefore, the DH has a further scrutiny role of NHS services and commissioning. In recent years the Department of Health and the NHS have come under considerable scrutiny for its use of IT. Since being elected to power in 1997 the Labour government had sought to modernise
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#17327876286971056-755: The DH for a position in the Cabinet Office in June 2009 and was replaced by Tim Donohoe and Carol Clarke. Connelly's role was to "deliver the Department's overall information strategy and integrating leadership across the NHS", according to the DH's website. That strategy, known as the National Programme for IT, is intended to do nothing less than revolutionise NHS information workflow and is costed at about £12.7bn. The success or otherwise of Connelly's reign will be based on her promise to end delays of electronic medical records. She has said that if there
1104-576: The Department of Health and Social Care is Sir Christopher Wormald KCB, who was appointed in 2016. Previous permanent secretaries: Following the resignation of Sir Nigel Crisp in March 2006, a separate post of Chief Executive of the National Health Service in England was created, held by Sir David Nicholson . Following the Health and Social Care Act 2012 and the creation of the independent NHS Commissioning Board, known as NHS England , this post has evolved into Chief Executive of
1152-460: The Department of Health was criticised by infection control experts and by the Lancet as a gimmick which failed to address the causes of in-hospital infections, by the firms doing the work as an attempt to avoid paying for regular better cleaning, and by NHS managers as ineffective. It also attracted criticism because only a quarter of the £60m funding for the scheme went to hospitals, and because
1200-552: The Ministry of Health was dissolved and its functions transferred (along with those of the similarly dissolved Ministry of Social Security) to the newly created Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS). Twenty years later, in 1988, these functions were split back into two government departments, forming the Department of Social Security (DSS) and the Department of Health, formally created in through The Transfer of Functions (Health and Social Security) Order 1988. Following
1248-617: The NHS prompted criticism of the government and the Department of Health, claiming that it paved the way for user charging, and so contradicting the NHS Plan 2000 which stated that "user charges are unfair and inequitable in they increase the proportion of funding from the unhealthy, old and poor compared with the healthy, young and wealthy". The report also introduces the concept of personal budgets . Darzi's report splits previously integrated services into 'core', 'additional' and 'enhanced' services, which critics say will lead to abandoning
1296-475: The NHS through the introduction of IT. Although the policy is correct in aim, many claim its execution is lacking. In September 2008 a new leadership team was established, CIO for Health, Christine Connelly, and director of programme and system delivery Martin Bellamy. Previous CIO Richard Granger was believed to have been the most highly paid civil servant in the UK and was a controversial figure. Connelly left
1344-462: The act was applied by Order in Council . Where a new district was created this was done by provisional order of the General Board, confirmed by Parliament. Members of local boards were either: Where a local board district coincided with a borough, or was entirely within a borough's limits, all the members were selected by the corporation. Where a district was entirely outside a municipality, all
1392-458: The board remained the same, although existing or new boards could now be divided into wards. The Town Police Clauses Act 1847 had included model clauses for the government of towns which could be adopted in all or in part by existing borough corporations, local boards of health or improvement commissioners. The application of these was very uneven, so they were incorporated into the 1858 act, all local boards gaining these powers. Areas covered by
1440-468: The clauses were: The local board also took over any lamps, lamp posts and gas posts provided by the Lighting and Watching Act 1833 , and was given a new power to provide a market place where one was required or inadequate. The number of local boards peaked at 721 in 1873. In that year the Public Health Act 1872 merged local boards into municipal boroughs and improvement commissioners where they shared
1488-668: The department was admonished by the Information Commissioner for its records management. In May 2011, Prime Minister David Cameron announced that he was considering scrapping the project. In 2022 Sajid Javid launched the Plan for Digital Health and Social Care , which includes "regulatory levers" will be used to: "signal that digitisation is a priority, identify the non-negotiable standards of digital capability, [and] explain how we will monitor and support compliance". Integrated care systems will be required to put in place
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1536-410: The department with responsibility for the nation's health has had different names and has included other functions at different times. In the 19th century, several bodies were formed for specific consultative duties and were dissolved when they were no longer required. There were two incarnations of a Board of Health, in 1805 and 1831, and from 1854 to 1858 a General Board of Health reported directly to
1584-471: The district and board did not change however, the local board assuming extra duties as a sanitary authority. Local boards and local government districts were finally abolished by the Local Government Act 1894 ( 56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), when all urban sanitary districts became urban districts . A new urban district council was to govern the district. The new council was to be directly elected by all those entitled to voted in parliamentary elections, replacing
1632-419: The ironic concept of 'redisorganization'. Andrew Lansley 's promise before the 2010 general election not to impose top-down reorganisation, followed by the instigation from ministerial level of one of the most fundamental NHS reorganisations yet envisaged , has generated especially widespread opprobrium, although some commentators have also suggested that this is to some extent completing the job started under
1680-407: The latter case a superintending inspector appointed by the General Board would hold an inquiry into the sewerage, drainage, supply of water, state of burial grounds and other matters relating to the sanitary condition of the town, and where necessary define boundaries for the district of the local board. Where the boundaries of a proposed local board's district were the same as an existing local unit,
1728-434: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DHSC&oldid=1023220636 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Department of Health and Social Care The Department of Health and Social Care ( DHSC )
1776-582: The members were elected. In districts which were partly in and partly outside a borough the board had a mixture of selected and elected members. Selected members did not have to be members of the corporation. Borough mayors were ex officio board members. Those entitled to elect board members could have multiple votes depending on how much property they owned. This ranged from one vote for owners of property worth less than £50, to six votes for those holding more than £250 of property. It followed that board members were generally wealthy property owners or members of
1824-738: The new organisation. The department has six chief professional officers who provide it with expert knowledge and also advise the Ministers, other government departments and the Prime Minister . The Chief Medical Officer and Chief Nursing Officer are also directors of the department's board. The department acts as a 'steward' for the health and adult social care system in England and oversees fifteen arms-length bodies (ALBs) : The department has two executive agencies : The department has thirteen executive non-departmental public bodies : The publication of Professor Lord Darzi 's review of
1872-442: The open-ended duty of care on which the NHS was founded. Fatal outbreaks of antibiotic-resistant bacteria ("superbugs"), such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridioides difficile , in NHS hospitals has led to criticism in 2008 of the department's decision to outsource cleaning via private finance initiative contracts as "cutting corners on cleaning". A "Deep Clean" initiative announced by
1920-449: The predominant impact was upon DH staff not employed through a traditional civil service 'headcount' contract, with a resultant emphasised effect upon more recent or innovative work-streams dependent upon seconded or externally hosted staff. This has attracted criticism from several of the professional and patient communities of interest concerned, for instance as regards the impact upon Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) and
1968-407: The professions. The powers and duties of a local board of health were enumerated in the act: The 1848 act was replaced by the Local Government Act 1858 ( 21 & 22 Vict. c. 98). The act came into force in all existing local board of health districts on 1 September 1858. The act made some changes to the procedure for constituting a local board and gave them some additional powers. There was also
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2016-423: The responsibility for medical training be removed from the DH. Successive DH ministerial teams have been criticised for repeated reorganisations of the NHS in England, where primary care commissioning responsibility, in particular, has been allocated to four different sets of organisations in the last ten years: PCGs, small area primary care trusts (PCTs) (e.g. covering a rural local authority district or part of
2064-511: The same district. 419 of the local boards had been formed under the Public Health Act 1848 , the remaining 302 under the Local Government Act 1858 . The number of local boards was inflated in 1862–63, as communities adopted the act in order to avoid being grouped into highway districts under the Highways Act 1862 . Many of these local government districts had a population of fewer than 500, and several fewer than 100. Further legislation
2112-494: The specialist training of doctors and the Medical Training Application Service (MTAS). These changes left "29,193 junior doctors from the UK and overseas... chasing 15,600 posts..." and resulted in accusations that the DH had broken the law by refusing to reveal scores to candidates. Ultimately there was a judicial review and a boycott of the system by senior doctors across the country. MTAS
2160-551: The withdrawal of the practical assistance available to the NHS and local authorities via the national support teams . Most health policy in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland is devolved to the department's counterparts: The comparability factor (the proportion of spending in this area which is devolved) was 99.5% for all three countries for 2021/22. A number of health issues are, however, wholly or partly reserved to Westminster: In Northern Ireland, abortion law
2208-594: Was eventually scrapped and Patricia Hewitt , the then Secretary of State for Health, resigned following accusations that she had lied to the House of Commons over the system. Even after the abolition of MTAS, anger among the medical profession continued, with the British Medical Association commenting of the DH response that "Not only is this response too late, it does not go far enough". The official government inquiry into MMC recommended that
2256-415: Was originally to be dissolved after five years, but acts of parliament were passed annually allowing for its continuation. Chadwick was appointed a commissioner, and the board was strongly associated with him. In 1852, Edward Gotto was employed to carry out the national General Board of Health Survey. The board finally ceased to exist on 1 September 1858. Local boards could be formed in two ways: In
2304-406: Was passed in 1863 to limit the population of a new local government district to 3,000 or more. Some of these small authorities survived as urban districts until the county review orders of the 1930s. The Public Health Act 1875 ( 38 & 39 Vict. c. 55) designated local government districts as urban sanitary districts , with the local board becoming the urban sanitary authority. The titles of
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