Westphalian or Westfalish ( Standard High German : Westfälisch , Standard Dutch : Westfaals ) is one of the major dialect groups of Low German . Its most salient feature is its diphthongization (rising diphthongs). For example, speakers say iäten ( [ɪɛtn̩] ) instead of etten or äten for "to eat". (There is also a difference in the use of consonants within the Westphalian dialects: North of the Wiehengebirge , people tend to use unvoiced consonants, whereas south of the Wiehengebirge they tend to use the voiced equivalents, e.g. Foite > Foide .)
23-623: Dorsten ( German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʁstən] ; Westphalian : Dössen ) is a town in the district of Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany and has a population of about 75,000. Dorsten is situated on the western rim of Westphalia bordering the Rhineland . Its historical old town lies on the south bank of the river Lippe and the Wesel–Datteln Canal and was granted city rights in 1251. During
46-717: A form of German based on the written standard. Westphalian was spoken in Kruppwerke up to the 19th century. Nevertheless, the Westphalian regiolect of Standard High German includes some words that originate from the dying Westphalian dialects, which are otherwise unintelligible for other German speakers from outside Westphalia. Examples include Pölter [ˈpœltɐ] "pyjamas/pajamas", Plörre [ˈplœʁə] "dirty liquid", and Mötke [ˈmœtkə] "mud, dirt". Westphalian authors include: Münsterländisch: East Westphalian: South Westphalian: Dorsten station Dorsten station
69-549: A grass strip with a runway of 800 metres (2,600 feet) and one government-sponsored hangar being used by the local gliding club. Dorsten station is on the Duisburg–Quakenbrück and the Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck–Winterswijk railways and is served by regional services to Gladbeck , Bottrop, Essen , Dortmund, Borken (Westf) and Coesfeld (Westf). German Bundeswehr maintains an ammunition depot close to
92-546: Is closer to the Hanover region , whose speech variety is generally considered to be standard modern German. The Low Saxon dialects in the bordering Twente and Achterhoek regions in the east of the Netherlands are traditionally classified as Westphalian dialects, albeit with some notable traits from Standard Dutch. A 2005 study showed 62% of the population of Twente spoke the language daily, and efforts are made to insert
115-708: Is complicated by the fact that it on an island between the tracks. Dorsten is a railway junction situated between the Ruhr and western Munsterland. It is served by the services on two routes running to and from numerous cities of the Ruhr (especially Essen and Dortmund ) and the district towns of Borken (Westf) and Coesfeld (Westf) in Munsterland. These services are operated by NordWestBahn on behalf of Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (Rhine-Ruhr Transport Association). They are operated with Bombardier Talent (RE 14) and Pesa Link (RB 43) diesel multiple units. The station
138-565: Is operated by DB Station&Service . Two of the platforms still in use today, platform 1 east and platform 1 west, are next to the station building. The other platforms (2 east and 2 west) are island platforms that are accessed over pedestrian level crossings. Immediately west of the station is the Dorsten bus station. From here there are bus routes operated by Vestische Straßenbahnen , Busverkehr Rheinland and Westfalenbus . The bus station and car and bicycle parking area are connected by
161-687: Is the central station in the town of Dorsten in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia . It is located east of the town centre and the line is orientated north-south. The station was built in 1879 as a joint station of the Rhenish Railway and the Dutch Westphalian Railway . The Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck–Winterswijk railway of the Dutch Westphalian Railway was built to supply the textile industry of
184-752: Is unknown, leaving the meaning of the town's name unclear. Archaeological findings show that the area was already populated during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, from about 4000 BC onwards. The Romans established a military camp in Dorsten-Holsterhausen in 11 BC and Varus passed through it in 9 BC on his way to the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest . From around 700 AD onwards, the Archbishopric of Cologne began to evangelise
207-576: The Achterhoek region around Winterswijk with coal, but it was also used extensively in the opposite direction to bring food into the growing Ruhr district. The station building, built on an island between the tracks of the Duisburg–Quakenbrück railway (opened on 1 July 1879) on the west and the Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck–Winterswijk line (opened on 13 June 1880) on the eastern side, is now largely in its original condition. Until
230-607: The Electorate of Cologne and the Vest of Recklinghausen and, in the years that followed, it was turned into the strongest fortress in the region. As a result, attempts were made to recapture it. The first siege in 1636 was unsuccessful, but in 1641, a second Siege of Dorsten resulted in considerable destruction of the town and the eventual surrender of the garrison. It was only during the Industrial Revolution of
253-741: The Netherlands: Westphalian has many lexical similarities and other proximities to Eastphalian , extending to the East and slightly to the North of the area where Westphalian is spoken. The personal pronouns in Störmede are as follows: German Westphalian is currently spoken mostly by elderly people. The majority of the inhabitants of Westphalia proper speak (regionally coloured) standard German . This accent, however, does not stand out as much as for example Bavarian , because Westphalia
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#1732800904571276-453: The air raids on Dorsten and 700 families were made homeless. However, after 1945, the town's centre was rebuilt on its historical foundations and thus still resembles its medieval shape today. Dorsten is widely known today for its Jewish Museum of Westphalia which was established in 1987. In 2001, the last coal mine closed and the town celebrated its 750th jubilee with a festival in the old town. Dorsten has its own airfield. The airfield has
299-625: The area around Dorsten. Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden , together with the Count of Cleves , granted Dorsten the city rights in 1251. Due to its economically favourable position on the river Lippe, the town became a member of the Hanseatic League of international trading cities and turned into the richest town in the Vest Recklinghausen . In 1488, Franciscan friars established a friary which continues to exist today as
322-577: The border with Münsterland , which was not occupied. In the 1930s, 26 pairs of passenger trains and about 40 freight trains ran through Dorsten each day. Shortly before the end of the Second World War, the Wehrmacht destroyed the bridges over the Lippe and the Wesel–Datteln Canal and for two years Dorsten was again the northern terminus for the line. After the war, the line to Oberhausen
345-655: The language into the local school curriculum. One of the reasons for the diminishing use of Westphalian in Germany is the rigorous enforcement of German-only policies in traditionally Low German -speaking areas during the 18th century. Westphalian, and Low German in general, unlike many of the High German dialects, were too distant from standard German to be considered dialects and were therefore not tolerated and efforts were made to ban them. In an extreme case, Hannover and its hinterland were forced to adopt rather unnaturally
368-414: The nationalisation of both railways in 1882, transfers between the two lines were carried out via a bay platform south of the building. Later a connection protected by signals and four marshalling tracks between the through tracks to the east and the west was built, along with a turntable with a diameter of 13 metres and a three-road roundhouse . The tracks for handling freight were extended considerably to
391-523: The nineteenth century that Dorsten returned to its former prosperity. Spinning , weaving and metal casting industries found their way into town and in 1912, the first coal mine opened. Between 1929 and 1975, surrounding villages became districts of the gradually enlarging town of Dorsten. Only a few days before the end of the Second World War , the historical old town was almost completely destroyed in an Allied air raid . 319 people died in
414-555: The region around Osnabrück and the landscape of Emsland in modern Lower Saxony). Traditionally, all Dutch Low Saxon dialects are considered Westphalian, with the notable exception of Gronings , which is grouped with the Northern Low Saxon and Friso-Saxon dialects. The rising diphthongisation is still noticeable in the dialects of Rijssen , Enter and Vriezenveen . Among the Westphalian language there are different subgroups of dialects: Westphalian dialects in
437-588: The south and a new hump was built in 1912. During the Ruhr Uprising in 1920, the bridges over the Lippe were attacked with explosives and made impassable and Dorsten was for several weeks the end of the line from the Ruhr. Similarly, Hervest station was the end of the line from the north. In 1923, Belgian troops occupied Dorsten station during the Occupation of the Ruhr and used it as a customs station on
460-486: The suburb of Wulfen. The depot also provides storage space for the British Army Germany . Dorsten is twinned with: Westphalian language The Westphalian dialect region includes the north-eastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia , i.e. the former Prussian province of Westphalia, without Siegerland and Wittgenstein, but including the southern part of former government district Weser-Ems (e.g.
483-465: The twentieth century, the town was enlarged in its north by the villages of the former Herrlichkeit Lembeck . While Dorsten's northern districts are thus shaped by the rural Münsterland with its many historical castles , just south of the town the Ruhr region begins, Germany's largest urban agglomeration with more than seven million inhabitants. The exact linguistic derivation of the word "Dorsten"
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#1732800904571506-615: The world's oldest permanently existing cloister of this order. The monks founded Gymnasium Petrinum in 1642 and in 1699 the Ursulines set up a cloister including a boarding school for girls. However, the Thirty Years' War (1618–48), the Hessian War and the continuous occupation by various forces badly derogated Dorsten's medieval wealth. On 9 February 1633, Hesse-Cassel captured the town of Dorsten without resistance from
529-442: Was not put back in operation, only a shuttle ran to Osterfeld-Nord until it was closed in 1960. In the 1950s, the train marshaling facility to the south of the station and the turntable were dismantled. The roundhouse is now used as a commercial building. The station building was renovated in 1985 and placed under monument protection in 1989. Since 2000, the town of Dorsten has tried to return the station building to active use, but this
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