Dauriya ( Russian : Даурия , also romanized as Dauriia or Dauria ) is a historical and geographical region of Russia spanning modern Buryatia , Zabaykalsky Krai and the Amur Region . The toponym is given according to the Daur people who inhabited the region until the middle of the 17th century, about whom it first became known after the expedition of Enalei Bakhteyarov in 1640.
14-625: The informal term "Dauriya" may be expanded to adjacent territories of Mongolia and even parts of China, see, e.g., Daurian forest steppe Rumors about the riches of the Daurian land prompted the Yakutia governor Pyotr Golovin [ ru ] to send in 1643 a detachment of 133 Cossacks with a cannon under the command of Vassili Poyarkov . Poyarkov was given ship equipment, canvas, ammunition, muskets , as well as gifts to local residents: copper cauldrons and pans, cloth, beads, etc. The purpose
28-508: A dry-winter subarctic climate ( Köppen Dwc ) that borders on a very cold semi-arid climate ( BSk ) in its southwestern parts. It covers 209,012 km (80,700 sq mi). The ecoregion circles around half of the Khentii Mountains , then stretches over 1,000 kilometers east of Ulan Bator into northeastern Mongolia through the semi-arid region south and east of Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai , Russia . A prominent feature
42-555: A new governor, Dmitry Frantsebekov [ ru ] . Having heard about the approach of a new detachment of Cossacks, the Daurs used to flee from the villages. The Cossacks found abandoned villages with hundreds of houses and large grain reserves. As a result of the campaign of Russian explorers, the entire left bank of the Amur was deserted: fleeing from the abuse, all the Daurs moved to
56-425: Is between 250 millimetres or 10 inches in the west and 450 millimetres or 18 inches in the east, with almost all falling in the warmer months between May and September. The steppe lands of the ecoregion are characterized by sedges (genus Carex ) and grasses (family Poaceae ), forming meadow steppe, herbs steppe and sandy saltmarsh steppe. Along the lake shores are salt-dependent plants and reed beds. The forests of
70-790: Is the Onon River flowing east through mid-sized mountains (1,400 - 1,800 meters in height) to the Amur River . Because of its altitude, distance from the ocean, and proximity to the cold Siberian High , the ecoregion has a subarctic climate ( Köppen climate classification Dwc ), bordering on a very cold semi-arid climate ( BSk ) in the southwest. This indicates a continental climate characterized by short, pleasant summers, and very dry, long and frigid winters, with wide differences between day and night temperatures. Mean temperatures range from −30 °C or −22 °F (January) to 24 °C or 75.2 °F (August). Average annual precipitation
84-464: The Lesser white-toothed shrew ( Crocidura sauveolens ), Eurasian harvest mouse ( Micromys minutus ), and Maximowicz's vole ( Microtus maximowiczii ). Predators include the wolf, polecat, Eurasian badger, and Pallas's cat ( Otocolobus manul ). The federally protected areas in the region are: Khentii Mountains The Khentii Mountains ( Mongolian : Хэнтийн нуруу ) are a mountain range in
98-865: The Onon , Kherlen , Menza and Tuul . A northern extension of the Khentii Mountains forms a range of the same name which is part of the Khentei-Daur Highlands in the Transbaikalia Krai of Russia. The legendary Mongol Genghis Khan is thought to have chosen a resting place in the Khentii Mountains, called the Great Taboo, or Ikh Khorig , by the Mongols . The area is thought to be where Khan may be entombed. This Asia mountain, mountain range, or peak related article
112-738: The Töv and Khentii Provinces in North Eastern Mongolia . The mountain chain overlaps the Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area and includes Mongolia's sacred mountain , Burkhan Khaldun , which is associated with the origin of Genghis Khan . The range forms the watershed between the Arctic Ocean (via Lake Baikal ) and the Pacific Ocean basins. Rivers originating in the range include
126-410: The area are mostly Asian black birch ( Betula dahurica ), Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ), and Siberian larch ( Larix sibirica ). European aspen groves are found in some mountain areas. Herds of Mongolian Gazelle ( Procapra gutturosa ) roam the grasslands of the region, which is at the northern edge of their territory. The broken terrain of mountains and ravines support small mammals, including
140-437: The following parts: Several animals and plants have the adjective "Dahurian" or other spellings in their names, see Category:Daurian fauna and flora . Daurian forest steppe The Daurian forest steppe ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0804) is a band of grassland, shrub terrain, and mixed forests in northeast Mongolia and the region of Siberia , Russia that follows the course of the Onon River and Ulz River , and part of
154-527: The northwestern China . The region has been described as a "sea of grass that forms the best and most intact example of an undisturbed steppe ecosystem and is also one of the last areas in the Palearctic that still supports stable herds of larger vertebrates" in a semi-mountainous area. The area also has flat wetlands that are important to migratory birds. The ecoregion is in the Palearctic realm , with
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#1732771903831168-567: The right bank under the protection of the Manchu authorities . According to the educational book "The Explorer Erofey Khabarov" by Galina Leontyeva, the campaign of Poyarkov's detachment continued with great difficulties and forced wintering at the mouth of the Umlekan river (a Zeya tributary), where 40 people died of starvation in the detachment during the first winter of the campaign, while only 9 servitors died in clashes with local Daurs. In
182-574: The spring, a detachment of Cossacks went along the Zeya River ; 25 of them were assigned to reconnoiter the passage from Zeya to the sea. Not reaching the sea, the detachment turned back and on the way back was attacked by Duchers . Of the 25 people, only two Cossacks survived. Three years later, Poyarkov's detachment returned to the Yakut fort [ ru ] (Yakut ostrog ) with the collected yasak. Geographically, Dauriya may be divided into
196-401: Was to collect yasak (tribute) and to search for silver, copper and lead. During the three years of the campaign, accompanied by atrocities towards the local population, Poyarkov collected valuable information about the peoples living along the Amur. The exploration started by Poyarkov was continued by Yerofey Khabarov , whose first expedition to Amur was launched in 1649, by the permission of
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