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75-486: Defying Gravity may refer to: Film and television [ edit ] Defying Gravity (1997 film) Defying Gravity (2008 film) Defying Gravity (TV series) , a 2009 drama television series Defying Gravity: The Untold Story of Women's Gymnastics , a 2020 documentary television series released on Youtube Premium Defying Gravity: The Curtain Rises on Wicked ,

150-412: A franchise business model , with numerous branches across various countries around the world. While café may refer to a coffeehouse, the term "café" can also refer to a diner , British café (also colloquially called a "caff"), " greasy spoon " (a small and inexpensive restaurant), transport café , teahouse or tea room, or other casual eating and drinking place. A coffeehouse may share some of

225-542: A 2024 television documentary about the film Wicked Music [ edit ] "Defying Gravity" (song) , a song from the Broadway musical Wicked Defying Gravity (Keith Urban album) , 2009 Defying Gravity (Mr. Big album) , 2017 Defying Gravity (The Sherbs album) , 1981 Defying Gravity (Vinnie Moore album) , 2001 Defying Gravity , an album by John Elefante , 1999 "Defying Gravity", 1976 Jesse Winchester song covered by Emmylou Harris on

300-521: A Ukrainian cossack and Polish diplomat of Ruthenian descent. Kulczycki, according to the tale, then began the first coffeehouse in Vienna with the hoard, also being the first to serve coffee with milk. There is a statue of Kulczycki on a street also named after him. However, it is now widely accepted that the first Viennese coffeehouse was actually opened by an Armenian merchant named Johannes Diodato. Johannes Diodato (also known as Johannes Theodat) opened

375-688: A Viennese coffee house on the Adriatic in Trieste , then and now the main port for coffee and coffee processing in Italy and Central Europe. From there, the Viennese Kapuziner coffee developed into today's world-famous cappuccino . This special multicultural atmosphere of the Habsburg coffee houses was largely destroyed by the later National Socialism and Communism and can only be found today in

450-725: A bar, and also sells alcoholic drinks. In the Netherlands a koffiehuis serves coffee, while a coffee shop (using the English term) sells "soft" drugs ( cannabis and hashish ) and is generally not allowed to sell alcoholic drinks. In France, most cafés serve as lunch restaurants in the day, and bars in the evening. They generally do not have pastries except in the mornings, when a croissant or pain au chocolat can be purchased with breakfast coffee. In Italy, cafés are similar to those found in France and known as bar . They typically serve

525-735: A casual setting that was purposefully different from traditional churches. An out-of-print book, published by the ministry of David Wilkerson, titled, A Coffeehouse Manual , served as a guide for Christian coffeehouses, including a list of name suggestions for coffeehouses. In 2002, Brownstones Coffee of Amityville, New York opened its first location as a breakfast-oriented coffeehouse well before that business model became popular. The trend later caught on through coffeehouses such as Starbucks, which seemed to be on every street corner in several major American cities including Los Angeles and Seattle. Cafés may have an outdoor section (terrace, pavement or sidewalk café ) with seats, tables and parasols. This

600-452: A coffeehouse in Paris. In a well-known engraving of a Parisian café c. 1700, the gentlemen hang their hats on pegs and sit at long communal tables strewn with papers and writing implements. Coffee pots are ranged at an open fire, with a hanging cauldron of boiling water. The only woman present presides, separated in a canopied booth, from which she serves coffee in tall cups. Aside from

675-412: A coffeehouse provides patrons with a place to congregate, talk, read, write, entertain one another, or pass the time, whether individually or in small groups. A coffeehouse can serve as an informal social club for its regular members. As early as the 1950s Beatnik era and the 1960s folk music scene, coffeehouses have hosted singer-songwriter performances, typically in the evening. The digital age saw

750-443: A culture of reading and increased literacy. These coffeehouses were a social magnet where different strata of society came together to discuss topics covered by the newspapers and pamphlets. Most coffeehouses of the 18th century would eventually be equipped with their own printing presses or incorporate a book shop. Today, the term café is used for most coffeehouses – this can be spelled both with and without an acute accent , but

825-660: A few places that have long been in the slipstream of history, such as Vienna or Trieste. The first coffeehouse in England was set up on the High Street in Oxford in 1650 –1651 by "Jacob the Jew". A second competing coffee house was opened across the street in 1654, by "Cirques Jobson, the Jew" ( Queen's Lane Coffee House ). In London, the earliest coffeehouse was established by Pasqua Rosée in 1652. Anthony Wood observed of

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900-576: A football game. As couples they appear detached from the fraternity group that is barbecuing near the stadium. Denetra drives up with her date Loretta, whom Heather knows from her English class, and they all go to the game together. In the final scene, which follows during the course of the credits, Pete is shown reading in bed with Griff playfully joining him: Pete's dream becomes a reality. Wins Nominations Defying Gravity received mixed reviews. On Rotten Tomatoes it has an approval rating of 68% based on reviews from 6 critics. On Metacritic it has

975-567: A lively description of the Persian coffeehouse ( qahveh khaneh in Persian ) scene: People engage in conversation, for it is there that news is communicated and where those interested in politics criticize the government in all freedom and without being fearful, since the government does not heed what the people say. Innocent games ... resembling checkers , hopscotch, and chess, are played. In addition, mollas , dervishes , and poets take turns telling stories in verse or in prose. The narrations by

1050-450: A particular clientele divided by occupation or attitude, such as Tories and Whigs , wits and stockjobbers , merchants and lawyers, booksellers and authors, men of fashion or the "cits" of the old city center . According to one French visitor, Antoine François Prévost , coffeehouses, "where you have the right to read all the papers for and against the government", were the "seats of English liberty". Jonathan's Coffee House in 1698 saw

1125-748: A popular meeting place of the French Enlightenment ; Voltaire , Rousseau , and Denis Diderot frequented it, and it is arguably the birthplace of the Encyclopédie , the first modern encyclopedia. The first known cafes in Pest date back to 1714 when a house intended to serve as a Cafe (Balázs Kávéfőző) was purchased. Minutes of the Pest City Council from 1729 mention complaints by the Balázs café and Franz Reschfellner Cafe against

1200-539: A registered coffeehouse in Vienna in 1685. Fifteen years later, four other Armenians owned coffeehouses. The culture of drinking coffee was itself widespread in the country in the second half of the 18th century. Over time, a special coffee house culture developed in Habsburg Vienna. On the one hand, writers, artists, musicians, intellectuals, bon vivants and their financiers met in the coffee house, and on

1275-979: A restaurant that usually serves coffee and snacks rather than the word coffee that describes the drink, is derived from the French café. The first café in France is believed to have opened in 1660. The first café in Europe is believed to have been opened in Belgrade , Ottoman Serbia in 1522 as a Kafana (Serbian coffee house). The translingual word root /kafe/ appears in many European languages with various naturalized spellings, including Portuguese, Spanish, and French ( café ); German ( Kaffee ); Polish ( kawa ); Serbian ( кафа / kafa ); Ukrainian ( кава , 'kava'); and others. The first coffeehouses appeared in Damascus . These Ottoman coffeehouses also appeared in Mecca , in

1350-454: A score of 45 out of 100, based on 7 reviews. Lawrence Van Gelder from The New York Times on 9 July 1999 stated the movie "plods along, never catching dramatic fire, sometimes suffering from amateurish acting and often relying on its intrusive and treacly music to impart mood and rhythm" and "good intentions don't necessarily make good drama". Emanuel Levy from Variety on 29 June 1997 said "modestly agreeable feature directorial debut" and it

1425-704: A variety of espresso coffee, cakes and alcoholic drinks. Bars in city centers usually have different prices for consumption at the bar and consumption at a table. Coffeehouses are part of the culture of Buenos Aires and the customs of its inhabitants. They are traditional meeting places for 'porteños' and have inspired innumerable artistic creations. Some notable coffeehouses include Confitería del Molino , Café Tortoni , El Gato Negro , Café La Biela . The first coffeehouse in America opened in Boston , in 1676. However, Americans did not start choosing coffee over tea until

1500-457: Is comatose in the local hospital. Griff is obviously shocked and disoriented, but the others are concerned about the negative impact on their upcoming rush week of having a gay member of their fraternity. At a special "house meeting", Buchanan, the head of the house, tells the others that there is a criminal investigation of Pete's attack. The response of some of the fraternity brothers is anything but sympathetic to Pete. When Griff and Todd go to

1575-409: Is active in his fraternity and lives in the frat house . He has a bunk bed in the room he shares with his best friend Todd Bently, Doogie and his pledge Stewy. Another of his fraternity brothers, Pete Bradley, has moved out of the frat house and into a house he shares with other students. Griff and Pete have a secret sexual relationship, but Griff's close-knit fraternity life puts a strain on it. Griff

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1650-403: Is always pronounced as two syllables. The name café has also come to be used for a type of diners that offers cooked meals (again, without alcoholic beverages) which can be standalone or operating within shopping centres or department stores. In Irish usage, the presence or absence of the acute accent does not signify the type of establishment (coffeehouse versus diner), and is purely a decision by

1725-507: Is especially the case with European cafés. Cafés offer a more open public space compared to many of the traditional pubs they have replaced, which were more male dominated with a focus on drinking alcohol. One of the original uses of the café, as a place for information exchange and communication, was reintroduced in the 1990s with the Internet café or Hotspot . The spread of modern-style cafés to urban and rural areas went hand-in-hand with

1800-496: Is satisfied with the arrangement, but Pete is not. Griff, Doogie, Todd, and Heather are studying at the library. Pete is also there browsing the stacks and overhears Griff inviting girl flirt Gretchen to a fraternity party. Pete storms out of the library with Griff quickly following. Griff tackles Pete and straddles him and asks, "What's your problem?" and "Come on Pete, what do you want from me?" Pete tells Griff that you're my problem and tells him, "I want to wake up next to you, read

1875-584: The Arabian Peninsula in the 15th century, then spread to the Ottoman Empire 's capital of Istanbul in the 16th century and in Baghdad . Coffeehouses became popular meeting places where people gathered to drink coffee, have conversations, play board games such as chess and backgammon , listen to stories and music, and discuss news and politics. They became known as "schools of wisdom" for

1950-766: The Boston Tea Party and the Revolutionary War . After the Revolutionary War, Americans momentarily went back to drinking tea until after the War of 1812 when they began importing high-quality coffee from Latin America and expensive inferior-quality tea from American shippers instead of Great Britain. Whether they were drinking coffee or tea, coffeehouses served a similar purpose to that which they did in Great Britain, as places where business

2025-584: The Principality of Wallachia ), in the center of the city, where today sits the main building of the National Bank of Romania . Pasqua Rosée, an Armenian by the name Harutiun Vartian, also established the first coffeehouse in Paris in 1672 and held a citywide coffee monopoly until Procopio Cutò , his apprentice, opened the Café Procope in 1686. This coffeehouse still exists today and was

2100-538: The 1960s through the mid-1980s, churches and individuals in the United States used the coffeehouse concept for outreach. They were often storefronts and had names like The Lost Coin (Greenwich Village), The Gathering Place (Riverside, CA), Catacomb Chapel (New York City), and Jesus For You (Buffalo, NY). Christian music (often guitar-based) was performed, coffee and food was provided, and Bible studies were convened as people of varying backgrounds gathered in

2175-401: The 1978 album Quarter Moon in a Ten Cent Town Jimmy Buffett on the 1976 album Havana Daydreamin' Waylon Jennings on the 1987 album Hangin' Tough Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Defying Gravity . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

2250-617: The 19th and 20th centuries in Europe, coffeehouses were very often meeting points for writers and artists. The traditional tale of the origins of the Viennese café begins with the mysterious sacks of green beans left behind when the Turks were defeated in the Battle of Vienna in 1683. All the sacks of coffee were granted to the victorious Polish king Jan III Sobieski , who in turn gave them to one of his officers, Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki ,

2325-627: The Italian caffè —first attested as caveé in Venice in 1570 —and in turn derived from Arabic qahwa ( قهوة ). The Arabic term qahwa originally referred to a type of wine, but after the wine ban by Islam , the name was transferred to coffee because of the similar rousing effect it induced. European knowledge of coffee (the plant, its seeds, and the drink made from the seeds) came through European contact with Turkey , likely via Venetian- Ottoman trade relations. The English word café to describe

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2400-725: The Italian-originated café of Francesco Bellieno for selling underpriced coffee. During the 18th century, the oldest extant coffeehouses in Italy were established: Caffè Florian in Venice, Antico Caffè Greco in Rome, Caffè Pedrocchi in Padua , Caffè dell'Ussero in Pisa and Caffè Fiorio in Turin . In the 18th century, Dublin coffeehouses functioned as early reading centers and

2475-513: The London City magistrates tried to prosecute people who frequented coffeehouses as they were liable to "spread false and seditious reports". William III 's privy council also suppressed Jacobite sympathizers in the 1680s and 1690s in coffeehouses as these were the places that they believed harbored plotters against the regimes. By 1739, there were 551 coffeehouses in London; each attracted

2550-647: The Marrare and the Marrare dictated the law"). Other coffee houses soon opened across the country, such as Café Vianna, opened in Braga , in 1858, by Manoel José da Costa Vianna, which was also visited by important Portuguese writers such as Camilo Castelo Branco and Eça de Queirós . During the 1930's , a surge in coffee houses happened in Porto with the opening of several that still exist, such as Café Guarany , opened in 1933, and A Regaleira , opened in 1934. In 1761

2625-719: The Turm Kaffee, a shop for exported goods, was opened in St. Gallen . Finland's first coffee house, Kaffehus, was founded in Turku in 1778. The oldest still-in-use coffee house in Helsinki called Café Ekberg was founded 1852. The exclusion of women from coffeehouses as guests was not universal, but does appear to have been common in Europe. In Germany, women frequented them, but in England and France they were banned. Émilie du Châtelet purportedly cross-dressed to gain entrance to

2700-439: The coffee houses of Oxford in his Life and Times (1674) "The decay of study, and consequently of learning, are coffee houses, to which most scholars retire and spend much of the day in hearing and speaking of news". The proprietor was Pasqua Rosée, the servant of a trader in goods from the Ottoman Empire named Daniel Edwards, who imported the coffee and assisted Rosée in setting up the establishment there. From 1670 to 1685,

2775-409: The coffeehouse he sees Denetra, an African American fellow student, and his need to talk with a sympathetic listener motivates him to become friends with her. Griff's continued preoccupation over Pete causes him to forget what he needs to do for the rush party: make sure that the house is well-stocked with alcohol and contact a sorority to invite them to the party. An emotional confrontation between

2850-515: The coffeehouse, the hospital, the place where Pete was attacked, and Pete's home. He finally meets Pete's female house-mate Rachel, played by Katrina Holden Bronson . Griff asks Rachel if it's okay to get some of Pete's stuff to take to the hospital so he will have something when he's ready to come home. Rachel lets Griff know that Pete really cares about him a lot. Rachel allows Griff in Pete's room where Griff and Pete have spent much time together. At

2925-516: The dark roast style to high quality beans and opened up a small shop in Berkeley, California to educate customers on the virtues of good coffee. Starting in 1967 with the opening of the historic Last Exit on Brooklyn coffeehouse, Seattle became known for its thriving countercultural coffeehouse scene; the Starbucks chain later standardized and mainstreamed this espresso bar model. From

3000-473: The discussion around women as guests of the coffeehouses, it is noted that women did work as waitresses at coffeehouses and also managed coffeehouses as proprietors. Well known women in the coffeehouse business were Moll King (coffee house proprietor) in England, and Maja-Lisa Borgman in Sweden. In most European countries, such as Spain, Austria , Denmark , Germany, Norway , Sweden, Portugal , and others,

3075-463: The drama and serves as comic relief at the same time. The "date" ends with Griff telling Pete that he wants no part of the lifestyle displayed by the coffeehouse's clientele. They both leave and separate in anger with Pete walking up a dark alley and Griff getting into his Jeep. Griff then notices a black truck , going up the alley after Pete. The next day Griff and his fraternity brothers are amazed to find out that Pete has been viciously attacked and

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3150-435: The emergence of circulation and subscription libraries that provided greater access to printed material for the public. The interconnectivity of the coffeehouse and virtually every aspect of the print trade were evidenced by the incorporation of printing, publishing, selling, and viewing of newspapers, pamphlets and books on the premises, most notably in the case of Dick's Coffee House , owned by Richard Pue; thus contributing to

3225-815: The film 3.5 stars out of 5, and said "moving film about what it means to be true to yourself". Defying Gravity was released on Region 1 DVD on April 11, 2000. Coffeehouse A coffeehouse , coffee shop , or café ( French: [kafe] ), is an establishment that serves various types of coffee, espresso , latte , americano and cappuccino . Some coffeehouses may serve cold beverages, such as iced coffee and iced tea , as well as other non-caffeinated beverages. A coffeehouse may also serve food, such as light snacks, sandwiches, muffins , cakes, breads, donuts or pastries . In continental Europe, some cafés also serve alcoholic beverages. Coffeehouses range from owner-operated small businesses to large multinational corporations . Some coffeehouse chains operate on

3300-450: The game room. A surprised Denetra walks by the frat house while the police escort Doogie and Stewy out in handcuffs. There is nothing left for Griff to do but move out of the fraternity house and into Pete's place. Griff is called when Pete comes out of his coma. Griff rushes to the hospital to find Pete awake with this parents at his side. Mrs. Bradley has realized that Griff and Pete are really close and convinces Mr. Bradley to join her in

3375-463: The great auction houses of Sotheby's and Christie's . In Victorian England, the temperance movement set up coffeehouses (also known as coffee taverns) for the working classes, as a place of relaxation free of alcohol , an alternative to the public house . In 1667, Kara Hamie, a former Ottoman Janissary from Constantinople, opened the first coffee shop in Bucharest (then the capital of

3450-421: The head of the house and Griff has Todd decide to take a time out with his troubled friend. They drive up into the mountains for the night, and the next morning Todd and Griff are reminiscing about their hikes in the mountains with Pete. Todd finally asks Griff, "Are you like in love with him dude?" Griff admits to Todd that he has never been so sure of anything as his love for Pete. He then voices his disgust for

3525-480: The highly popular hibiscus blend ( Egyptian Arabic : karkadeh or ennab ). The first ' ahwah opened around the 1850s and were originally patronized mostly by older people, with youths frequenting but not always ordering. There were associated by the 1920s with clubs ( Cairo ), bursa ( Alexandria ) and gharza (rural inns). In the early 20th century, some of them became crucial venues for political and social debates. In India, coffee culture has expanded in

3600-474: The hospital to see about Pete, they are questioned by Detective Horne, who is investigating the attack, but Griff is silent about being with Pete that night because he would be outing himself at the same time. His deep love for Pete is apparent moments before when he breaks down silently in a stall in the men's room. The tragic situation completely changes Griff: he drifts along in a daze, ignoring his friends, classwork, and fraternity responsibilities. He goes to

3675-423: The hospital waiting room and sternly tells Griff to never let his son down again. When Griff and Todd get back to the frat house they see Doogie's friend Smitty there with his black truck. Griff realizes that that was the truck that followed Pete, and Todd remembers that Doogie and Stewy were with Smitty the night Pete was attacked. They were Pete's attackers. Stewy admits to the attack when Griff confronts Doogie in

3750-405: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Defying_Gravity&oldid=1258110080 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Defying Gravity (1997 film) John "Griff" Griffith, an average college student,

3825-534: The late 1950s onward, coffeehouses also served as a venue for entertainment, most commonly folk performers during the American folk music revival . Both Greenwich Village and North Beach became major haunts of the Beats , who were highly identified with these coffeehouses. As the youth culture of the 1960s evolved, non-Italians consciously copied these coffeehouses. The political nature of much of 1960s folk music made

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3900-529: The listing of stock and commodity prices that evolved into the London Stock Exchange . Lloyd's Coffee House provided the venue for merchants and shippers to discuss insurance deals , leading to the establishment of Lloyd's of London insurance market, the Lloyd's Register classification society , and other related businesses. Auctions in salesrooms attached to coffeehouses provided the start for

3975-479: The mollas and the dervishes are moral lessons, like our sermons, but it is not considered scandalous not to pay attention to them. No one is forced to give up his game or his conversation because of it. A molla will stand up in the middle, or at one end of the qahveh-khaneh, and begin to preach in a loud voice, or a dervish enters all of a sudden, and chastises the assembled on the vanity of the world and its material goods. It often happens that two or three people talk at

4050-435: The music a natural tie-in with coffeehouses with their association with political action. A number of well-known performers like Joan Baez and Bob Dylan began their careers performing in coffeehouses. Blues singer Lightnin' Hopkins bemoaned his woman's inattentiveness to her domestic situation due to her overindulgence in coffeehouse socializing in his 1969 song "Coffeehouse Blues". In 1966, Alfred Peet began applying

4125-645: The name of 'Penny Universities' . Though Charles II later tried to suppress London coffeehouses as "places where the disaffected met, and spread scandalous reports concerning the conduct of His Majesty and his Ministers", the public still flocked to them. For several decades following the Restoration , the wits gathered around John Dryden at Will's Coffee House , in Russell Street, Covent Garden . As coffeehouses were believed to be areas where anti-government gossip could easily spread, Queen Mary and

4200-437: The newspaper, and maybe go out on a date." Griff realizes that Pete is ready to break up with him so Griff quickly agrees to go on a date with Pete. Griff is annoyed when he discovers that he is meeting Pete at a gay coffeehouse . He runs into Sam, an out, loud, and proud activist, who is passing out flyers for a "community action patrol" to help prevent gay bashing. The juxtaposition of "closeted" and "out" gay people heightens

4275-505: The number of London coffeehouses began to increase, and they also began to gain political importance due to their popularity as places of debate. English coffeehouses were significant meeting places, particularly in London. By 1675, there were more than 3,000 coffeehouses in England. The coffeehouses were great social levelers, open to all men and indifferent to social status, and as a result associated with equality and republicanism. Entry gave access to books or print news. Coffeehouses boosted

4350-501: The oldest café still functioning, having opened in 1782), Café Tavares , Botequim Parras, among others . Of these several became famous for harbouring poets and artists, such as Manuel du Bocage with his visits to Café Nicola, which opened in 1796 by the Italian Nicola Breteiro; and Fernando Pessoa with his visits to A Brasileira , which opened in 1905 by Adriano Teles. The most famous of these coffee houses

4425-649: The opening of the first coffeehouse ( kiva han ) in Istanbul : Until the year 962 [1555], in the High, God-Guarded city of Constantinople , as well as in Ottoman lands generally, coffee and coffeehouses did not exist. About that year, a fellow called Hakam from Aleppo and a wag called Shams from Damascus came to the city; they each opened a large shop in the district called Tahtakale, and began to purvey coffee. The 17th-century French traveler and writer Jean Chardin gave

4500-723: The other hand, new coffee varieties were always served. In the coffee house, people played cards or chess, worked, read, thought, composed, discussed, argued, observed and just chatted. A lot of information was also obtained in the coffee house, because local and foreign newspapers were freely available to all guests. This form of coffee house culture spread throughout the Habsburg Empire in the 19th century. Scientific theories, political plans but also artistic projects were worked out and discussed in Viennese coffee houses all over Central Europe. James Joyce even enjoyed his coffee in

4575-662: The owner: for instance, the two largest diner-style café chains in Ireland in the 1990s were named "Kylemore Cafe" and " Bewley's Café " – i.e., one written without, and one with, the acute accent. The history of coffee in Portugal is usually told to have begun during the reign of king John V , when Portuguese agent Francisco de Melo Palheta supposedly managed to steal coffee beans from the Dutch East India Company and introduce it to Brazil. From Brazil, coffee

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4650-401: The past twenty years. Chains like Indian Coffee House , Café Coffee Day , Barista Lavazza have become very popular. Cafes are considered good venues to conduct office meetings and for friends to meet. In China, an abundance of recently started domestic coffeehouse chains may be seen accommodating business people for conspicuous consumption , with coffee prices sometimes even higher than in

4725-410: The popularity of print news culture and helped the growth of various financial markets including insurance, stocks, and auctions. Lloyd's of London had its origins in a coffeehouse run by Edward Lloyd, where underwriters of ship insurance met to do business. The rich intellectual atmosphere of early London coffeehouses was available to anyone who could pay the sometimes one penny entry fee, giving them

4800-413: The reception area for some coffee so Griff can be alone with Pete. Mr. Bradley shakes Griff's hand and tells him that it's nice to see you again. When he is alone with Pete Griff promises him that what happened will never happen again, and he tells Pete he needs his help in figuring things out as they make their life together. When Pete has fully recovered he and Griff double-date with Todd and Heather at

4875-538: The rise of the Internet café along similar principles. The most common English spelling of café is the French word for both coffee and coffeehouse; it was adopted by English-speaking countries in the late 19th century. The Italian spelling, caffè , is also sometimes used in English. In Southern England , especially around London in the 1950s, the French pronunciation was often facetiously altered to / k æ f / and spelt caff . The English word coffee and French word café (coffeehouse) both derive from

4950-561: The rising use of mobile computers. Computers and Internet access in a contemporary-styled venue help to create a youthful, modern place, compared to the traditional pubs or old-fashioned diners that they replaced. Coffeehouses in Egypt are colloquially called ' ahwah /ʔhwa/ , which is the dialectal pronunciation of قَهْوة qahwah (literally "coffee") ( see also Arabic phonology#Local variations ). Also commonly served in ' ahwah are tea ( shāy ) and herbal teas , especially

5025-571: The same characteristics of a bar or restaurant, but it is different from a cafeteria. Many coffeehouses in West Asia offer shisha (actually called nargile in Levantine Arabic , Greek , and Turkish ), flavored tobacco smoked through a hookah . An espresso bar is a type of coffeehouse that specializes in serving espresso and espresso-based drinks. From a cultural standpoint coffeehouses largely serve as centers of social interaction:

5100-483: The same time, one on one side, the other on the opposite, and sometimes one will be a preacher and the other a storyteller. In the 17th century, coffee appeared for the first time in Europe outside the Ottoman Empire , and coffeehouses were established, soon becoming increasingly popular. The first coffeehouse is said to have appeared in 1632 in Livorno , founded by a Jewish merchant, or later in 1640, in Venice . In

5175-474: The term café means a restaurant primarily serving coffee, as well as pastries such as cakes, tarts , pies , or buns . Many cafés also serve light meals such as sandwiches . European cafés often have tables on the pavement (sidewalk) as well as indoors. Some cafés also serve alcoholic drinks (e.g., wine), particularly in Southern Europe. In the Netherlands and Belgium, a café is the equivalent of

5250-510: The type of clientele they attracted, and their free and frank discourse. Coffeehouses in Mecca became a concern of imams who viewed them as places for political gatherings and drinking, leading to bans between 1512 and 1524. However, these bans could not be maintained, due to coffee becoming ingrained in daily ritual and culture among Arabs and neighboring peoples. The Ottoman chronicler İbrahim Peçevi reports in his writings (1642–49) about

5325-407: The way he treated Pete just before he was attacked. Because his failure to give important information to the police was another way he betrayed Pete, he and Todd go right to the police station so that Griff can tell Detective Horne that he was with Pete just before he was attacked and that he saw a black truck going up the alley after him. Pete's father Mr. Bradley has a brief encounter with Griff in

5400-455: Was "made with a good deal of charm". Mick LaSalle from San Francisco Chronicle on 16 July 1999 noted with "more editing", it "could be a much better movie. It's a decent second-rate picture". Wesley Morris from San Francisco Examiner on 16 July 1999 wrote on "a budget so low the shoes seem to have walked off and left their strings", and it "is ransacked by its public-service announcement performances". Lasha from gaybook.reviews in 2011 gave

5475-731: Was done. In the 1780s, Merchant's Coffee House located on Wall Street in New York City was home to the organization of the Bank of New York and the New York Chamber of Commerce . Coffeehouses in the United States arose from the espresso - and pastry-centered Italian coffeehouses of the Italian American immigrant communities in the major U.S. cities, notably New York City's Little Italy and Greenwich Village , Boston's North End , and San Francisco's North Beach . From

5550-545: Was taken to Cape Verde and São Tomé and Príncipe , which were also Portuguese colonies at the time. Although, coffee already existed in Angola , already introduced by Portuguese missionaries . During the 18th century, the first public cafés appeared, inspired by French gatherings from the 17th century, becoming spaces for cultural and artistic entertainment. Several cafes emerged in Lisbon such as: Martinho da Arcada (being

5625-573: Was the Café Marrare , opened by the napolitan Antonio Marrare, in 1820, frequently visited by Júlio Castilho , Raimundo de Bulhão Pato , Almeida Garrett , Alexandre Herculano and other members of the Portuguese government and the intelligentsia . It began its own saying: « Lisboa era Chiado , o Chiado era o Marrare e o Marrare ditava a lei » (English: "Lisbon was the Chiado, the Chiado was

#1998