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34-452: (Redirected from Dependence ) Dependency , dependence , dependent or depend may refer to: Computer science [ edit ] Dependency (computer science) or coupling, a state in which one object uses a function of another object Data dependency , which describes a dependence relation between statements in a program Dependence analysis , in compiler theory Dependency (UML) ,

68-749: A classification of territory, especially a region that is not a sovereign state but a possession of same Crown Dependencies , three specific dependencies of the United Kingdom: the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey, and the Isle of Man Dependencies of Norway Ross Dependency , New Zealand Antarctic claim Music [ edit ] Dependent (record label) , a German independent record label that focuses on aggrotech, electro-industrial and futurepop music Dependent Music , an independent Canadian record label, owned and operated by

102-434: A healthier lifestyle (physically and mentally), creating new relationships with other like-minded people as well as rekindling or mending old relationships if possible. The treatment process consists typically of two parts short-term and long-term. First, there is the path to abstinence and/or recovery. There are several reasons why someone with alcohol use disorder or alcohol dependency would seek treatment. This can either be

136-574: A link amongst a project's terminal elements Dependency (religion) , the relation of a monastic community with a newer community Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Dependency . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dependency&oldid=1216150393 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

170-480: A module has 5 input and output data parameters, an equal number of control parameters, and accesses 10 items of global data, with a fan-in of 3 and a fan-out of 4, C = 1 − 1 5 + 2 × 5 + 5 + 2 × 5 + 10 + 0 + 3 + 4 = 0.98 {\displaystyle C=1-{\frac {1}{5+2\times 5+5+2\times 5+10+0+3+4}}=0.98} Alcohol dependence Alcohol dependence

204-449: A pattern of detrimental behavioral interactions within a dysfunctional relationship Dependency need , the real need of the organism, or something that individuals cannot provide for themselves Dependent personality disorder , a personality disorder characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people Substance dependence , an adaptive state associated with a withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of repeated exposure to

238-788: A personal reason or because of law enforcement. There is a series of different levels of treatment processes depending on the severity subtype. Some would or could benefit from medication treatment with psychosocial treatment, while others could just benefit from psychosocial treatment. Listed below are some different types of treatments that are used with treating alcohol dependency/alcohol use disorder depending on several factors that vary from person to person. Types of treatments: Acceptance and mindfulness-based interventions show evidence of efficacy in being used to target Alcohol Use Disorder. These types of interventions are often most effectively delivered in group settings, however, they are also proven effective in individual therapy contexts. Overall, this

272-419: A program produces unexpected side-effects Library dependency, a relationship described in and managed by a software dependency manager tool to mitigate dependency hell Economics [ edit ] Dependant (British English) (Dependent - American English), a person who depends on another as a primary source of income Dependency ratio , in economics, the ratio of the economically dependent part of

306-497: A relationship between one element in the Unified Modeling Language Dependency relation , a type of binary relation in mathematics and computer science. Functional dependency , a relationship between database attributes allowing normalization. Dependent type , in computer science and logic, a type that depends on a value Hidden dependency , a relation in which a change in many areas of

340-600: A stimulus (e.g., drug intake) Physical dependence , dependence that involves persistent physical–somatic withdrawal symptoms (e.g., fatigue and delirium tremens) Psychological dependence , dependence that involves emotional–motivational withdrawal symptoms (e.g., dysphoria and anhedonia) Alcohol dependence Amphetamine dependence Barbiturate dependence Benzodiazepine dependence Caffeine dependence Cannabis dependence Cocaine dependence Opioid dependence Tanning dependence Political science [ edit ] Dependent territory ,

374-501: A system's performance is often reduced by message and parameter creation, transmission, translation (e.g. marshaling) and message interpretation (which might be a reference to a string, array or data structure), which require less overhead than creating a complicated message such as a SOAP message. Longer messages require more CPU and memory to produce. To optimize runtime performance, message length must be minimized and message meaning must be maximized. One approach to decreasing coupling

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408-435: A type of binary relation in mathematics and computer science. Dependent and independent variables , in mathematics, the variable that depends on the independent variable The absence of independence (probability theory) Tail dependence , from probability theory Serial dependence , in statistics Correlation and dependence Mean dependence Medicine and psychology [ edit ] Codependence ,

442-512: Is functional design , which seeks to limit the responsibilities of modules along functionality. Coupling increases between two classes A and B if: Low coupling refers to a relationship in which one module interacts with another module through a simple and stable interface and does not need to be concerned with the other module's internal implementation (see Information Hiding ). Systems such as CORBA or COM allow objects to communicate with each other without having to know anything about

476-433: Is a 20 item clinical screening tool designed to measure the presence and level of alcohol dependence. Withdrawals from alcohol dependence is a common side effect that occurs when a person with the dependency stops drinking abruptly or even cuts back on their drinking after a prolonged period of indulgence. Withdrawal from alcohol dependence can vary from mild, moderate to severe, depending on several factors such as: how long

510-522: Is a previous ( DSM-IV and ICD-10) psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also chemically known as ethanol ). In 2013, it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder in DSM-5 , which combined alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse into this diagnosis. According to the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence, at least three out of seven of

544-431: Is also a popular faith-based process used by those wishing to recover from alcohol dependence. The ultimate goal when it comes to treating alcohol dependence or as the DSM-5 now calls it alcohol use disorder , is to help with establishing abstinence from drinking. There are several other benefits that come along with treatment . For some, it is reconnecting with themselves and obtaining self-esteem and confidence ,

578-547: Is considered the most accurate alcohol screening tool for identifying potential alcohol misuse, including dependence. It was developed by the World Health Organization, designed initially for use in primary healthcare settings with supporting guidance. The CAGE questionnaire , the name of which is an acronym of its four questions, is a widely used method of screening for alcohol dependence. The Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ or SAD-Q)

612-907: Is crucial in helping individuals who are dependent on alcohol because it raises awareness, provides a non-judgemental environment for people to express their thoughts, and allows individuals to be heard and accepted in the present moment. About 12% of American adults have had an alcohol dependence problem at some time in their life. In the UK the NHS estimates that around 9% of men and 4% of UK women show signs of alcohol dependence. A 2015 study found that alcohol dependency may have genetic risk factors. Linkage disequilibrium between an AD-associated GABA receptor gene cluster, GABRB3/GABRG3, and eye color genes, OCA2/HERC2, as well as between AD-associated GRM5 and pigmentation-associated TYR, were all associated with alcohol dependency. GABA downregulation may decrease sensitivity to

646-404: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Dependency (computer science) Coupling is usually contrasted with cohesion . Low coupling often correlates with high cohesion, and vice versa. Low coupling is often thought to be a sign of a well-structured computer system and a good design, and when combined with high cohesion, supports

680-577: Is to provide a run-time evaluation of a software system. It has been argued that static coupling metrics lose precision when dealing with an intensive use of dynamic binding or inheritance. In the attempt to solve this issue, dynamic coupling measures have been taken into account. This kind of a coupling metric considers the conceptual similarities between software entities using, for example, comments and identifiers and relying on techniques such as latent semantic indexing (LSI). Logical coupling (or evolutionary coupling or change coupling) analysis exploits

714-529: The artists that were a part of the collective Dependency (band) , an American Christian hardcore band Philosophy [ edit ] Dependent (origination), in Buddhism, the idea that the existence of everything is conditional and dependent on a cause, and that nothing happens fortuitously or by chance Other uses [ edit ] Depend (undergarment) , a brand of absorbent, disposable underwear for adults Dependency (project management) ,

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748-632: The book Yourdon & Constantine (1979), and the latter subsequently became standard terms. Coupling can be "low" (also " loose " and "weak") or "high" (also "tight" and "strong"). Some types of coupling, in order of highest to lowest coupling, are as follows: A module here refers to a subroutine of any kind, i.e. a set of one or more statements having a name and preferably its own set of variable names. In recent work various other coupling concepts have been investigated and used as indicators for different modularization principles used in practice. The goal of defining and measuring this type of coupling

782-546: The economy to the productive part Dependency theory , an economic worldview that posits that resources flow from poor states to wealthy states Linguistics [ edit ] Dependent and independent verb forms , distinct verb forms in Goidelic languages used with or without a preceding particle Dependency grammar is based on the dependency relation between the lexemes of a sentence Dependent clause Mathematics [ edit ] Dependency relation ,

816-411: The following criteria must be manifest during a 12-month period: Because only 3 of the 7 DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence are required, not all patients meet the same criteria and therefore not all have the same symptoms and problems related to drinking. Not everyone with alcohol dependence, therefore, experiences physiological dependence. Alcohol dependence is differentiated from alcohol abuse by

850-445: The general goals of high readability and maintainability . The software quality metrics of coupling and cohesion were invented by Larry Constantine in the late 1960s as part of a structured design , based on characteristics of “good” programming practices that reduced maintenance and modification costs. Structured design, including cohesion and coupling, were published in the article Stevens, Myers & Constantine (1974) and

884-758: The module becomes large. Coupling in Software Engineering describes a version of metrics associated with this concept. For data and control flow coupling: For global coupling: For environmental coupling: C o u p l i n g ( C ) = 1 − 1 d i + 2 × c i + d o + 2 × c o + g d + 2 × g c + w + r {\displaystyle \mathrm {Coupling} (C)=1-{\frac {1}{d_{i}+2\times c_{i}+d_{o}+2\times c_{o}+g_{d}+2\times g_{c}+w+r}}} Coupling(C) makes

918-476: The other object's implementation. Both of these systems even allow for objects to communicate with objects written in other languages. Coupling and cohesion are terms which occur together very frequently. Coupling refers to the interdependencies between modules, while cohesion describes how related the functions within a single module are. Low cohesion implies that a given module performs tasks which are not very related to each other and hence can create problems as

952-485: The past several decades to identify and understand the core features of alcohol dependence. This work began in 1976, when the British psychiatrist Griffith Edwards and his American colleague Milton M. Gross collaborated to produce a formulation of what had previously been understood as 'alcoholism' – the alcohol dependence syndrome . The alcohol dependence syndrome was seen as a cluster of seven elements that concur. It

986-1015: The person has been drinking, whether they are a binge drinker , whether they relapse chronically, and how much they drink daily. All these factors can vary from one person to the next depending on psychological , environmental , and biological factors. Some common withdrawal side effects are as listed: The spectrum of alcohol withdrawal symptoms range from such minor symptoms as insomnia and tremulousness to severe complications such as withdrawal seizures and delirium tremens . Alcohol withdrawal syndrome can be very tricky to diagnose, due to other preliminary conditions that may exist from individual to individual. Treatments for alcohol dependence can be separated into two groups, those directed towards severely alcohol-dependent people, and those focused for those at risk of becoming dependent on alcohol. Treatment for alcohol dependence often involves utilizing relapse prevention , support groups , psychotherapy , and setting short-term goals . The Twelve-Step Program

1020-417: The presence of symptoms such as tolerance and withdrawal . Both alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse are sometimes referred to by the less specific term alcoholism . However, many definitions of alcoholism exist, and only some are compatible with alcohol abuse. There are two major differences between alcohol dependence and alcoholism as generally accepted by the medical community. The following elements are

1054-462: The release history of a software system to find change patterns among modules or classes: e.g., entities that are likely to be changed together or sequences of changes (a change in a class A is always followed by a change in a class B). According to Gregor Hohpe, coupling is multi-dimensional: Tightly coupled systems tend to exhibit the following developmental characteristics, which are often seen as disadvantages: Whether loosely or tightly coupled,

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1088-471: The template for which the degree of dependence is judged: AUDIT has replaced older screening tools such as CAGE but there are many shorter alcohol screening tools, mostly derived from the AUDIT. The Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SAD-Q) is a more specific twenty-item inventory for assessing the presence and severity of alcohol dependence. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)

1122-472: The toxic effects of alcohol, leading to increased alcohol consumption in blue-eyed individuals. The term 'alcohol dependence' has replaced 'alcoholism' as a term in order that individuals do not internalize the idea of cure and disease, but can approach alcohol as a chemical they may depend upon to cope with outside pressures. The contemporary definition of alcohol dependence is still based upon early research. There has been considerable scientific effort over

1156-482: The value larger the more coupled the module is. This number ranges from approximately 0.67 (low coupling) to 1.0 (highly coupled) For example, if a module has only a single input and output data parameter C = 1 − 1 1 + 0 + 1 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 + 0 = 1 − 1 3 = 0.67 {\displaystyle C=1-{\frac {1}{1+0+1+0+0+0+1+0}}=1-{\frac {1}{3}}=0.67} If

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