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46-527: Diamantina may refer to: Geography [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] Diamantina Bowen (1833-1893), grande dame of Queensland and the wife of Sir George Bowen, the first Governor of Queensland. Diamantina Cocktail , 1976 album by Little River Band Diamantina National Park , Queensland Diamantina River , a river in Queensland and South Australia HMAS Diamantina , two ships in

92-489: A Glossary on Heraldica.org by Alexander Krischnig. The male form is followed by the female, and when available, by the territorial circumscription. Apart from all these, a few unusual titles have been of comital rank, not necessarily permanently. Since Louis VII (1137–80), the highest precedence amongst the vassals ( Prince-bishops and secular nobility) of the French crown was enjoyed by those whose benefice or temporal fief

138-624: A Queensland grazier. Eventually the couple retired to London , England in 1883 accompanied by their two unmarried daughters. Diamantina worshipped in the Greek Orthodox church during retirement in London , suggesting she maintained her connection to her religious roots throughout her life, despite so many years spent in British colonies. Diamantina died at Bethnal Green , London, England on 17 November 1893 from acute bronchitis. She

184-479: A genus of plants in the family Podostemaceae In fiction [ edit ] Diamantina, a fictional island in the Indian Ocean, in the animated television series Noah's Island Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Diamantina . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

230-724: A privileged well-educated upbringing and was familiar with the workings of government, politics and diplomacy. On 28 April 1856 at the Palace of St Michael and St George in Corfu , Diamantina married Sir George Bowen , an Ulsterman who was political secretary of the British Protectorate, and a former Rector of the Ionian Academy . Their first two children were born in the Ionian Islands . Their first child,

276-540: A silver spade and a cedar wheelbarrow. Diamantina was involved in establishing the first Sunday School for children. Diamantina was concerned about social welfare in Brisbane and was an active patroness of a group of local ladies who established the Lady Bowen Lying-In Hospital, Brisbane's first maternity hospital, the fore-runner of the present Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital . Diamantina

322-415: A son, died twelve days old. Their second child, a daughter, was born on 17 August 1858 and was called Adelaide Diamantina Bowen, but was known as Nina. After their move to Brisbane , they had three more children there: A final daughter, Alfreda Ernestina Albertina Bowen, was born on 10 April 1869 at Government House, Auckland , New Zealand. Diamantina was described as "pretty" but tempered perhaps by

368-439: Is a distinction between counts (Swedish: greve ) created before and after 1809. All children in comital families elevated before 1809 were called count/countess. In families elevated after 1809, only the head of the family was called count, the rest have a status similar to barons and were called by the equivalent of "Mr/Ms/Mrs", before the recognition of titles of nobility was abolished. The following lists are originally based on

414-803: Is buried in Kensal Green cemetery in London. Her son George William Howard Bowen married Gertrude Chamberlain (daughter of Richard Chamberlain and niece of Joseph Chamberlain , Colonial Secretary ) on 16 January 1896 in Holy Trinity Church , Sloane Street , London, England. His sister Alfreda was a bridesmaid. Her daughter Alfreda married Robert Lydston Newman in October 1899 at St George's Church , Hanover Square, London , England. Her brother George gave Alfreda away (her father having died earlier that year). A sculpture of Diamantina

460-535: Is no male to inherit the title and the count has a daughter, in some regions she could inherit the title. Many Italian counts left their mark on Italian history as individuals, yet only a few contadi (countships; the word contadini for inhabitants of a "county" remains the Italian word for "peasant") were politically significant principalities, notably: The principalities tended to start out as margraviate or (promoted to) duchy, and became nominal archduchies within

506-622: Is very prolific on the peninsula. In the eleventh century, Conti like the Count of Savoy or the Norman Count of Apulia, were virtually sovereign lords of broad territories. Even apparently "lower"-sounding titles, like Viscount , could describe powerful dynasts, such as the House of Visconti which ruled a major city such as Milan . The essential title of a feudatory, introduced by the Normans,

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552-614: The Brisbane Botanic Gardens at Gardens Point , they were welcomed by a huge crowd of over 4000 people waving flags, both the British Union Jack and the Greek flag . The arrival of the first governor and his family had been eagerly expected a few days earlier, but adverse winds had delayed their trip up from Sydney and so when the news came late on Friday that their vessel was seen entering Moreton Bay ,

598-642: The First Bulgarian Empire , a komit was a hereditary provincial ruler under the tsar documented since the reign of Presian (836-852) The Cometopouli dynasty was named after its founder, the komit of Sredets . The title of Serdar was used in the Principality of Montenegro and the Principality of Serbia as a noble title below that of Voivode equivalent to that of Count. In Denmark and historically in Denmark-Norway

644-524: The Frankish kingdoms in the early Middle Ages , a count might also be a count palatine , whose authority derived directly over a royal household, a palace in its original sense of the seat of power and administration. This other kind of count had vague antecedents in Late Antiquity too: the father of Cassiodorus held positions of trust with Theodoric, as comes rerum privatarum , in charge of

690-548: The 16th century all new peerages were always duchies and the medieval countship-peerages had died out, or were held by royal princes Other French countships of note included those of: See also above for parts of present France A Graf ruled over a territory known as a Grafschaft ('county'). See also various comital and related titles; especially those actually reigning over a principality: Gefürsteter Graf , Landgraf , Reichsgraf ; compare Markgraf , Burggraf , Pfalzgraf ( see Imperial quaternions ). The title of Conte

736-429: The 19th century, the title, having lost its high rank (equivalent to that of Duke ), proliferated. Portugal itself started as a countship in 868, but became a kingdom in 1139 (see: County of Portugal ). Throughout the history of Portugal , especially during the constitutional monarchy many other countships were created. In Spain, no countships of wider importance exist, except in the former Spanish march. In

782-550: The Governor and so they lived in Adelaide House (now The Deanery of St John's Cathedral ) which was leased for three years. Diamantina participated in the public life in Queensland in a number of ways: Being still very much a prosperous but pioneer community on her arrival, Diamantina's dinner parties soon became the highlight of the social scene and she is credited with raising the tone of Brisbane society. Meanwhile,

828-509: The Habsburg dynasty; noteworthy are: Apart from various small ones, significant were : Count/Countess was one of the noble titles granted by the Pope as a temporal sovereign, and the title's holder was sometimes informally known as a papal count/papal countess or less so as a Roman count/Roman countess, but mostly as count/countess. The comital title, which could be for life or hereditary,

874-518: The Middle Ages the title of jarl (earl) was the highest title of nobility. The title was eventually replaced by the title of duke, but that title was abolished in Denmark and Norway as early as the Middle Ages. Titles were only reintroduced with the introduction of absolute monarchy in 1660, with count as the highest title. In Sweden the rank of count is the highest rank conferred upon nobles in

920-563: The Royal Australian Navy Shire of Diamantina , a local government area in Queensland Brazil [ edit ] Chapada Diamantina , a region of Bahia state Diamantina, Minas Gerais , a municipality and UNESCO World Heritage Site Elsewhere [ edit ] Diamantina Fracture Zone , Indian Ocean trench Diamantina Deep Biology [ edit ] Diamantina (plant) ,

966-565: The emergence of the title came the most powerful symbol of entitlement, that is the ownership of and jurisdiction over land, hence the term county . The term is derived from the Old French conté or cunté denoting a jurisdiction under the control of a count ( earl ) or a viscount . The modern French is comté , and its equivalents in other languages are contea , contado , comtat , condado , Grafschaft , graafschap , etc. (cf. conte , comte , conde , Graf ). The title of Count

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1012-410: The excitement reached enormous heights. As well as residents of Brisbane, many of those present had travelled from other parts of Queensland to welcome the incoming governor. There was a 21-gun salute as they landed, there was a triumphal arch, fireworks and all manner of proclamations, speeches and celebrations, over a number of days. Being the first Governor, there was not yet an official residence for

1058-685: The first free Constitution of Denmark of 1849 came a complete abolition of the privileges of the nobility. Since then the title of count has been granted only to members of the Danish royal family , either as a replacement for a princely title when marrying a commoner, or in recent times, instead of that title in connection with divorce. Thus the first wife of Prince Joachim of Denmark , the younger son of Margrethe II of Denmark , became Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg on their divorce—initially retaining her title of princess, but losing it on her remarriage. In

1104-646: The high rank of various courtiers and provincial officials, either military or administrative. Before Anthemius became emperor in the West in 467, he was a military comes charged with strengthening defenses on the Danube frontier. In the Western Roman Empire , "count" came to indicate generically a military commander but was not a specific rank. In the Eastern Roman Empire , from about

1150-480: The house being the "female" side). Much of Diamantina's life was dictated by the career of her husband Sir George Bowen as a colonial administrator and a more complete understanding of her life can be obtained by reading about his life. [REDACTED] Media related to Diamantina Bowen at Wikimedia Commons Count The title of count is typically not used in England or English-speaking countries, and

1196-495: The imperial lands, then as comes sacrarum largitionum ("count of the sacred doles"), concerned with the finances of the realm. In the United Kingdom, the title of earl is used instead of count . Although the exact reason is debated by historians and linguists, one of the more popular theories proposes that count fell into disuse because of its phonetic similarity to the vulgar slang word cunt . Originally, with

1242-451: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diamantina&oldid=1116137508 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Diamantina Bowen Diamantina, Lady Bowen ( née   di Roma ; c. 1832/1833–1893),

1288-515: The modern era and are, like their Danish and Norwegian counterparts, broadly comparable to that of dukes in other European countries. Unlike the rest of Scandinavia, the title of duke is still used in Sweden, but only by members of the royal family and are not considered part of the nobility. Like other major Western noble titles , Count is sometimes used to render certain titles in non-western languages with their own traditions, even though they are as

1334-643: The official residence (now Old Government House ) was being constructed and the family moved into the house in April 1862. It was an elegant and spacious building, constructed of sandstone and Brisbane tuff (sometimes incorrectly referred to as porphyry), in the Classic Revival style. Its grounds were surrounded by thirty acres (twelve hectares) of riverbank land, including the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens which were commenced at

1380-516: The process of indygenat , naturalisation. Somewhat similar to the native privileged class of nobles found in Poland, Hungary also had a class of Conditional nobles . As opposed to the plethora of hollow "gentry" counts, only a few countships ever were important in medieval Iberia ; most territory was firmly within the Reconquista kingdoms before counts could become important. However, during

1426-665: The purchaser of land designated "feudal" was ennobled by the noble seat that he held and became a conte . This practice ceased with the formal abolition of feudalism in the various principalities of early-19th century Italy, last of all in the Papal States . Poland was notable throughout its history for not granting titles of nobility. This was on the premise that one could only be born into nobility, outside rare exceptions. Instead, it conferred non-hereditary courtly or civic roles . The noble titles that were in use on its territory were mostly of foreign provenance and usually subject to

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1472-629: The remark "her beauty being in her expression rather than her features". She was described as "slender but graceful". She could play the piano and sing well, even with previously unseen pieces of music. Living most of her life in English-speaking countries, Diamantina spoke English well but with a slight accent. Although she spoke in English in public, it was claimed she spoke with her husband at home in Italian , her mother tongue. Diamantina

1518-486: The same time under the supervision of Walter Hill . Diamantina personally supervised the layout of the gardens of the house, which included lawns, tennis courts as well as flower and vegetable gardens. On 16 June 1862, the couple hosted the first ball in the new building, celebrating Queen Victoria 's birthday. In 1864 at Ipswich, Queensland , Diamantina turned the first sod for Queensland's first railway-line between Ipswich and Bigge's Camp (later Grandchester ) using with

1564-435: The seventh century, "count" was a specific rank indicating the commander of two centuriae (i.e., 200 men). The medieval title of comes was originally not hereditary. It was regarded as an administrative official dependent on the king, until the process of allodialisation during the 9th century in which such titles came to be private possessions of noble families. By virtue of their large estates, many counts could pass

1610-533: The term earl is used instead. A female holder of the title is still referred to as a countess , however. The word count came into English from the French comte , itself from Latin comes —in its accusative form comitem . It meant "companion" or "attendant", and as a title it indicated that someone was delegated to represent the ruler. In the late Roman Empire , the Latin title comes denoted

1656-466: The title of count ( greve ) is the highest rank of nobility used in the modern period. Some Danish/Dano-Norwegian countships were associated with fiefs , and these counts were known as "feudal counts" ( lensgreve ). They rank above ordinary (titular) counts, and their position in the Danish aristocracy as the highest-ranking noblemen is broadly comparable to that of dukes in other European countries. With

1702-670: The title to their heirs—but not always. For instance, in Piast Poland , the position of komes was not hereditary, resembling the early Merovingian institution. The title had disappeared by the era of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , and the office had been replaced by others. Only after the Partitions of Poland did the title of "count" resurface in the title hrabia , derived from the German Graf . In

1748-458: Was signore , modeled on the French seigneur , used with the name of the fief . By the fourteenth century, conte and the Imperial title barone were virtually synonymous . Some titles of a count, according to the particulars of the patent, might be inherited by the eldest son of a Count. Younger brothers might be distinguished as "X dei conti di Y" ("X of the counts of Y"). However, if there

1794-412: Was a pairie , i.e. carried the exclusive rank of pair ; within the first (i.e. clerical) and second (noble) estates, the first three of the original twelve anciennes pairies were ducal, the next three comital comté-pairies : Later other countships (and duchies, even baronies) have been raised to this French peerage, but mostly as apanages (for members of the royal house) or for foreigners; after

1840-682: Was a noble from the formerly Venetian Ionian Islands who became the wife of Sir George Bowen , the first Governor of Queensland . The Contessa Diamantina di Roma was born in 1832 or 1833 in the United States of the Ionian Islands , then a British protectorate , today in Greece . Her place of birth was either Zante (Zakynthos), Corfu , or Ithaca . Her parents were Count Giorgio-Candiano Roma  [ el ] and his wife Countess Orsola, née di Balsamo. Diamantina

1886-534: Was also often conferred by the monarch as an honorific title for special services rendered, without a feudal estate (countship, county) being attached, so it was merely a title, with or without a domain name attached to it. In the United Kingdom , the equivalent "Earl" can also be used as a courtesy title for the eldest son of a duke or marquess. In the Italian states , by contrast, all the sons of certain counts were little counts ( contini ). In Sweden there

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1932-552: Was awarded in various forms by popes and Holy Roman Emperors since the Middle Ages, infrequently before the 14th century, and the pope continued to grant the comital and other noble titles even after 1870, it was largely discontinued in the mid 20th-century, on the accession of John XXIII . The Papacy and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies might appoint counts palatine with no particular territorial fief. Until 1812 in some regions,

1978-534: Was created by sculptor Phillip Piperides in 1989 for the Greek Community Centre , South Brisbane , Queensland . In June 2009, it was moved to Old Government House at Queensland University of Technology . George, Diamantina and their sixteen-month-old daughter Nina arrived in Brisbane on Saturday 10 December 1859 on board The Cordelia . As they stepped off their vessel at a landing stage at

2024-399: Was frequently described as "softly spoken". Her husband's career took the family all over the world, as governor postings were typically for five years. We do not know how Diamantina felt about this frequent upheaval, but she cried copiously as the family departed from Brisbane, suggesting that she had had many close personal connections while there. Her daughter Nina married Allan Campbell,

2070-640: Was the tenth of their eleven children. Her aristocratic family were descended from the Venetians who had settled in the Ionian Islands for centuries as part of the Stato da Màr . Her father was the President of the Ionian Senate (1850-1856), titular Head of State of the United States of the Ionian Islands . He was also appointed a Poet Laureate by Queen Victoria . With such a family, Diamantina had

2116-586: Was very popular in Queensland and many places were named after her: In 1898 a statue of Lady Bowen was commissioned by Angelo Efstathis and sculptured by Brisbane artist Peter Piperides for the Greek Community Centre in South Brisbane. When Old Government House was re-opened after restoration by Queensland University of Technology , on 5 August 2009 the statue was relocated to the western lawn of Old Government House (the western side of

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