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131-475: In the Australian Army , the staff responsible for training recruits are known as Recruit Instructors. They teach recruits discipline, fieldcraft, marksmanship, service knowledge and drill. Each recruit platoon is commanded by recruit instructors, usually consisting of a lieutenant , a sergeant , and up to four instructors of the corporal or bombardier rank. A recruit instructor can be identified by

262-461: A 1st Recruit Training Battalion colour patch on his or her slouch hat and a small Recruit Instructor badge worn on the right breast pocket, if the position has been held long enough. Members from all Corps in the Army are eligible to become recruit instructors, including females. Experience as a recruit instructor is often a prerequisite to senior non-commissioned appointments in the military. In

393-611: A World War I campaign hat with their service and utility uniforms. For their successful service, Marine drill instructors are awarded the Drill Instructor Ribbon . This ribbon is also awarded to other enlisted marines and officers assigned to the recruit training environment, although these billets are recognized as being less directly involved in actually training recruits such as series and company commander/ XO, battalion executive officer, S-3, and commander, and various levels of sergeants major at each depot. At OCS,

524-553: A garrison and holds the rank of warrant officer class 1. The GSM London District , always a guardsman , holds one of the four most senior WO1 appointments in the British Army, and has military ceremonial responsibility for important state occasions such as Trooping the Colour . The post of GSM London District was established in the early 1940s with specific responsibilities as State Ceremonial Sergeant Major. The first tasks of

655-475: A "push"). In the second year of their three-year tour, RDCs take a break from training divisions and perform other duties on base, including drill evaluations, practical training instruction, teaching classes at RDC "C" School, or Battle Stations 21. RDC duty is considered a highly prestigious one as it is associated with higher levels of accession into the higher petty officer rates, including chief petty officer. RDC duty also allows Sailors an opportunity to earn

786-422: A 3-mile timed run. Since a drill instructor is often required to spend 20 hours a day or more on his or her feet and to move fast at all times, various running sessions are conducted to enhance speed and endurance. Students are led by their squad instructors in ability group runs based on speed, gradually increasing distance and speed throughout the course. Track workouts, formation runs, and fartlek runs are also

917-422: A blue cord to signify being a protocol officer. The senior protocol officer (formally known as protocol and discipline officer), which carries the rank of senior sergeant, is responsible for the coordination of the final week of drill, known as Attestation Week and holds the position of parade sergeant at all Attestation Parades. The senior protocol officer is responsible for dress, bearing and discipline and also

1048-681: A coalition, that Australia joined, invading the country; thus starting the Iraq War on 19 March 2003. Between April 2015 and June 2020, the Army deployed a 300-strong element to Iraq, designated as Task Group Taji, as part of Operation Okra . In support of a capacity building mission, Task Group Taji's main role was to provide training to Iraqi forces, during which Australian troops have served alongside counterparts from New Zealand. In 2020 an investigation of allegations of war crimes committed during Australian military operations in Afghanistan

1179-828: A company commander (CC), the Coast Guardsman earns the right to wear the Company Commander Badge. Australian Army The Australian Army is the principal land warfare force of Australia . It is a part of the Australian Defence Force (ADF), along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force . The Army is commanded by the Chief of Army (CA), who is subordinate to

1310-401: A few 13-week cycles, the drill instructor is moved up to the position of experienced drill instructor (EDI), also called the "heavy", "drill hat" or "J Hat". The next step in a drill instructor career is becoming a senior drill instructor . Senior drill instructors hold a respected position which is distinguished by the wearing of a black highly polished (patent leather) sword belt instead of

1441-459: A green duty belt. A senior drill instructor is ultimately accountable for the training of the platoon and for the efficiency of his or her assistant drill instructors. Although senior drill instructors are NCOs (sergeants) or staff NCOs, their position in the recruit training platoon is similar to that of a commissioned officer platoon commander in a line platoon. As such, they are further set apart from "junior" drill instructors. After completing

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1572-528: A link to the unit's past and a memorial to the fallen. Artillery do not have Battle Honours – their single Honour is "Ubique" which means "Everywhere" – although they can receive Honour Titles. The Army is the guardian of the National Flag and as such, unlike the Royal Australian Air Force , does not have a flag or Colours. The Army, instead, has a banner, known as the Army Banner. To commemorate

1703-503: A master chief (E-9) and have at least six years time in service and above, who are volunteers that serve a three-year tour at RTC Great Lakes. After submitting an approved package containing an endorsement from a commanding officer, prospective RDCs attend RDC "C" School located at RTC Great Lakes and are identified by the blue aiguillettes (ropes) they wear on the left shoulder of either their service, dress, or working uniforms. RDC School students typically spend thirteen weeks learning about

1834-504: A non-commissioned officer of sergeant rank holding the position of college sergeant. The college sergeant carries a black pace stick as a badge of office at ceremonial functions and a swagger stick during normal duties. The New South Wales Police Force has a drill sergeant and a drill constable attached to the NSW Police College at Goulburn. Drill staff are responsible for training recruits in drill. These personnel wear

1965-656: A number of cycles, drill instructors are often assigned to Support Battalion duties outside of recruit-training platoons. Such assignments are referred to as quotas, and include jobs as academic instructors, administrative duties at Recruit Processing (Receiving Barracks, also known as Receiving Company at MCRD San Diego), martial arts instructors, Medical Rehabilitation Platoon (MRP), Physical Conditioning Platoon (PCP), Combat Water Survival Instructors, Field Training Instructors (a.k.a. Black Shirts) [MCRD Parris Island only], and Instructional Training Company Instructors (ITC DI) [MCRD San Diego only]. Some drill instructors choose to do

2096-687: A number of minor and major conflicts throughout Australia's history, only during the Second World War has Australian territory come under direct attack. The Australian Army was initially composed almost completely of part-time soldiers, where the vast majority were in units of the Citizens Military Force (CMF or Militia) (1901–1980) during peacetime, with limits set on the regular Army. Since all reservists were barred from forcibly serving overseas, volunteer expeditionary forces ( 1st AIF , ANMEF , 2nd AIF ) were formed to enable

2227-876: A pledge which consists of the following words: "These recruits are entrusted to my care. I will train them to the best of my ability. I will develop them into smartly disciplined, physically fit, basically trained Marines, thoroughly indoctrinated in love of Corps and country. I will demand of them, and demonstrate by my own example, the highest standards of personal conduct, morality and professional skill." Upon completion of Drill Instructor School, drill instructors are assigned to Recruit Training Battalions as junior members ("fourth hats", "third hats", "kill hats", "bobby", or "bulldogs") of drill instructor teams. His or her job consists of constant corrections, dispensing punitive "Incentive Training" (IT), and keeping unremitting pressure on recruits to pay attention to details. He or she also teaches and reinforces academic knowledge to recruits. It

2358-490: A recent study by the Department of Defense noting that fewer than 30% of drill sergeant candidates are volunteers. Past drill sergeants enjoyed much autonomy and latitude with which to train recruits and were reputed hands-on disciplinarians. Currently, the army's Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) has sought to shift this authority away and has moved closer to what is known as "Schofield's Definition of Discipline." It

2489-557: A second tour of duty on the drill field. These volunteers still report to Drill Instructor School, but are referred to as course challengers, and are only required to complete a short refresher course. Multiple tour drill instructors, based on rank and experience, are usually assigned as senior drill instructors, series chief drill instructors (MCRD San Diego) or series gunnery sergeants (MCRD Parris Island), DI school instructors, company first sergeants, or battalion sergeants major. While in drill instructor status, both male and female DIs wear

2620-473: A separate joint Australia–US attack. The Battle of Lae was additionally part of the wider Huon Peninsula campaign . Following Lae's capture, the Battle of Finschhafen commenced with a relatively swift control of objectives, with subsequent Japanese counterattacks beaten off. On 17 November 1943, a major offensive that began with the Battle of Sattelberg , continued with the Battle of Wareo , and concluded with

2751-500: A staple of the training. Drill and discipline are crucial parts of the Drill Instructor School curriculum. Every student is continuously evaluated, corrected, and mentored, with special attention paid to the smallest of details, such as the placement of a finger within 1/4 inch of its required location along a trouser seam, angle of the weapon, and positioning of the student in relation to the unit. Required knowledge

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2882-518: A tour at one of the Recruit Depots. Officer candidates address their instructors as "sergeant instructor" (and rank and last name), or "platoon sergeant" (and rank and last name). The OCS platoon sergeant is comparable to the senior drill instructor in an enlisted recruit platoon. In the initial phase of training, officer candidates are trained in almost the same manner, and by the same people, as enlisted Marines, with slight differences reflecting

3013-405: A two-person team. Experienced MTIs becomes "team chiefs" and often work a basic training flight alone when manning shortages occur (especially during summer). MTIs refer to direct recruit training as being "on the street". At the conclusion of a tour, some MTIs are offered the chance to work in essential support training roles in the basic training course. This includes the combat training portions of

3144-789: Is a command formation of equal status to the other commands in the ADF and includes all of Army's special forces units. Special Operations Command comprises: Infantry, and some other combat units of the Australian Army carry flags called the King's Colour and the Regimental Colour, known as "the Colours". Armoured units carry Standards and Guidons – flags smaller than Colours and traditionally carried by Cavalry, Lancer, Light Horse and Mounted Infantry units. The 1st Armoured Regiment

3275-469: Is also the recruit training manager responsible for overseeing the recruits training, ceremonial graduations, police funerals and other events. He meets regularly with academy executive and is responsible for removing recruits who fail parts of the course. The sergeant carries a pace stick as a badge of office during parades. In the British Army , the appointment of drill sergeant (DSgt) is limited to

3406-516: Is constantly taught and evaluated in the form of written exams, practical applications, and inspections. Uniforms are inspected continually, with surprise inspections conducted randomly in addition to the scheduled inspections. The drill instructor is expected to convey the best possible Marine Corps image to recruits and to America and to conduct his/herself to the highest Marine Corps leadership and integrity standards as well as to impart these standards to every recruit they train. Drill instructors take

3537-434: Is his or her duty to command the recruit platoon for initial drill evaluation, in which, in addition to the platoon receiving a score, the drill instructor is evaluated as well. These new drill instructors bear the burden of responsibility for breaking down a recruit's sense of self and selfishness, so that the more experienced drill instructors can focus the recruits on selflessness, obedience, and fraternity. After completing

3668-550: Is led by the commandant and deputy commandant of the Drill Sergeant Academy. The instructors, known as drill sergeant leaders (DSL's) are previously trained, and experienced drill sergeants. DSL's are selected very carefully by a panel of current senior drill sergeant leaders, along with the leadership from the academy. DSL's are held to the same high Army standards that new incoming drill sergeants are assessed on and must remain at those standards while instructing at

3799-596: Is located at Victoria Barracks in Sydney. The Australian Army's three regular brigades are based at Robertson Barracks near Darwin , Lavarack Barracks in Townsville , and Gallipoli Barracks in Brisbane . The Deployable Joint Force Headquarters is also located at Gallipoli Barracks. Garrison sergeant major A garrison sergeant major ( GSM ) in the British Army is the senior warrant officer of

3930-456: Is not unusual for a cycle to graduate on a Thursday or Friday with new recruits arriving the following Monday or Tuesday. From 2008 to 2018, Drill Sergeants in AIT were replaced with Platoon Sergeants. Senior drill sergeants are the most senior NCO in a given training platoon, and are ultimately responsible for soldiers within or under their authority. The only NCO more senior to these individuals at

4061-524: Is now a punishable offense to use demeaning or derogatory terms to refer to recruits or trainees, and terms such as "warrior" or "soldier" are preferable. Additionally, it is a serious offense to punish recruits or trainees with "excessive" physical exercise, now known as hazing . The United States Drill Sergeant Academy is located in Fort Jackson, South Carolina. This is where all drill sergeants go to complete their drill sergeant training. The academy

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4192-520: Is on unifying all training establishments to create a base for scaling and mobilisation: Additionally, Forces Command includes the following training and support establishments: Administers the reserve forces from its headquarters located in Sydney . Army Aviation Command is responsible for the Australian Army's helicopters and training, aviation safety and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Army Aviation Command comprises: Special Operations Command

4323-405: Is the guardian of NSWPF history, customs, traditions and symbols at the NSW Police College. The senior protocol officer carries a black pace stick with silver fittings and wears a black-coloured Hellweg Brand Sam Browne belt with strap as a badge of office. The Western Australian Police Force has a drill sergeant of the rank of sergeant who trains recruits in drill, discipline and other matters. He

4454-503: Is the only unit in the Australian Army to carry a Standard, in the tradition of heavy armoured units. Artillery units' guns are considered to be their Colours, and on parade are provided with the same respect. Non-combat units (combat service support corps) do not have Colours, as Colours are battle flags and so are only available to combat units. As a substitute, many have Standards or Banners. Units awarded battle honours have them emblazoned on their Colours, Standards and Guidons. They are

4585-410: Is two years with a possible one-year extension. Drill sergeants may be assigned to units that conduct Basic Combat Training (BCT), reception, One-Station Unit Training (OSUT), or Advanced Individual Training (AIT). BCT drill sergeants train approximately 11 cycles during their two-year tours. OSUT drill sergeants train recruits for an equivalent of BCT plus an additional number of weeks depending on

4716-504: Is worn by students to indicate leadership roles - green for student flight leaders, yellow for student squadron leaders, and red for squadron student commanders. A white aiguillette is worn by chapel guides, a white and blue rope denotes they are in the Drum and Bugle Corps, and a teal rope is worn by student counselors. At some technical training centers a black aiguillette is worn by members of student honor guards or drill teams. Historically,

4847-585: The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake in Aceh Province, Indonesia , Operation Sumatra Assist , ended on 24 March 2005. Following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks , Australia promised troops to any military operations that the US commenced in response to the attacks. Subsequently, the Australian Army committed combat troops to Afghanistan in Operation Slipper . This combat role continued until

4978-603: The 24-hour clock (often referred to as " military time " in the US) and ends around 7:30 p.m. or 1930, many times with specific training evaluations and end-of-day cleanups that require even longer days. At the end of each day, DI School students have to practice effective time management in studying for exams, practicing drill, rehearsing the teaching of drill movements verbatim and preparing uniforms all while still making time for intense physical training. The school lasts approximately three months with four classes running throughout

5109-830: The ANZAC Mounted Division and eventually the Australian Mounted Division , participated in the Sinai and Palestine campaign . They were originally stationed there to protect the Suez Canal from the Turks, and following the threat of its capture passing, they started offensive operations and helped in the re-conquest of the Sinai Desert . This was followed by the Battles of Gaza, wherein on

5240-767: The Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force (ANMEF), dealt with the issue of the German Pacific holdings. ANMEF recruitment began on 10 August 1914, and operations started 10 days later. On 11 September, the ANMEF landed at Rabaul to secure German New Guinea , with no German outposts in the Pacific left by November 1914. During the AIF's preparations to depart Australia, the Ottoman Empire joined

5371-624: The Battle of Crete which, though more successful, still failed and another withdrawal was ordered. During the Greek Campaign, the Allies were pushed back to Egypt and the Siege of Tobruk began. Tobruk's primary defence personnel were Australians of the 9th Division; the so-called 'Rats of Tobruk'. Additionally, the AIF participated in the Syria–Lebanon campaign . The 9th Division fought in

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5502-537: The Battle of Sio on 15 January 1944, was unleashed. The momentum of this advance was continued by the 8th Brigade , as they pursued the enemy in retreat, which culminated with the Battle of Madang . In mid-1944, Australian forces took over the garrisoning of Torokina from the US with this changeover giving Australian command responsibility over the Bougainville campaign . Soon after arriving in November of

5633-724: The Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) who commands the ADF. The CA is also directly responsible to the Minister for Defence , with the Department of Defence administering the ADF and the Army. Formed in 1901, as the Commonwealth Military Forces, through the amalgamation of the colonial forces of Australia following the Federation of Australia . Although Australian soldiers have been involved in

5764-625: The First and Second Battle of El Alamein before also being shipped home to fight the Japanese. In December 1941, following the Bombing of Pearl Harbor , Australia declared war on Japan . Consequently, the AIF was requested to return home, as the subsequent rapid conquest of Southeast Asia extremely concerned Australian policymakers, and the militia was mobilised. After the Fall of Singapore , and

5895-612: The Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA), a communist led guerrilla army whose goal was to turn Malaya into a socialist republic, and whose leaders had previously been trained and funded by Britain to resist the Japanese occupation of Malaya . Australian military operations in Malaya consisted of patrolling actions and guarding infrastructure, though they rarely saw combat as the emergency was nearly over by

6026-810: The Menzies Government reinstituted conscription and compulsory military training with the National Service Scheme , which required all males of eighteen years of age to serve for specified period in either the Australian Regular Army (ARA) or CMF. The Australian military entered the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) in October 1955, committing the 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (2RAR) to fight alongside Commonwealth forces. The 2RAR fought against

6157-497: The Military Occupational Specialty , so their average number of cycles is less than that of a BCT drill sergeant. AIT Drill Sergeants will train as many cycles as their tour of duty consists of depending on the length of the training. A cycle of 16 weeks would only be about 5 total cycles. The breaks between cycles are extremely short, creating an incredibly demanding environment for drill sergeants. It

6288-789: The Multinational Force and Observers (MFO), as part of a non-United Nations peacekeeping organisation that observes and enforces the peace treaty between Israel and Egypt. Australia's largest peacekeeping deployment began in 1999 with the International Force for East Timor , while other ongoing operations include peacekeeping in the Sinai (as part of MFO), and the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (as part of Operation Paladin since 1956). Humanitarian relief after

6419-691: The Royal Australian Navy , there are instructors at HMAS Cerberus , where the Recruit School course is held, and HMAS Creswell , where the NEOC (New Entry Officer Course) is held, as well as at ADFA . Each division is made up of one of the following: In the Australian Federal Police , drill instructors are trained and accredited by the Recognition and Ceremonial team. Each accredited drill instructor wears an AFP pin with

6550-554: The Tet Offensive , a Viet Cong military operation, and repulsed them with few casualties. The contribution of personnel to the war was gradually wound down, starting in late-1970 and ending in 1972; the official declaration of the end of Australia's involvement in the war was made on 11 January 1973. Following the Vietnam War, there was a significant hiatus of operational activity by the Australian Army. In late 1979, in

6681-568: The USAF , USMC , and USCG (for the first few weeks of basic training, until recruits are instructed to refer to their company commanders by their proper rank). Within the USN, recruits must refer to their RDCs by their proper ranks. Recruits in the United States Army must refer to their drill sergeants as "drill sergeant". The instruction and indoctrination given by the drill instructors of

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6812-616: The United States Army , drill instructors are given the title of "drill sergeant". The United States Coast Guard gives the title of "Company Commander" to their drill instructors. The United States Marine Corps is the only branch of the U.S. armed forces where drill instructors are titled as "drill instructors", although the Marines were the first to call them drill sergeants but in 1971 changed to instructors. Drill instructors are referred to as "sir" or "ma'am" by recruits within

6943-589: The War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) and the Iraq War . Since 1947, the Australian Army has also been involved in many peacekeeping operations, usually under the auspices of the United Nations . Today, it participates in multilateral and unilateral military exercises and provides emergency disaster relief and humanitarian aid in response to domestic and international crises. Formed in March 1901, following federation,

7074-669: The first conscription plebiscite . It was defeated by a narrow margin and created a bitter divide on the issue of conscription throughout the 20th century. Following the German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line in March 1917, which was better defended and eased manpower restraints, the first Australian assault on the Hindenburg Line occurred on 11 April 1917 with the First Battle of Bullecourt . On 20 September,

7205-531: The 31 October 1917 the 4th and 12th Light Horse took Beersheba through the last charge of the Light Horse. They continued on to capture Jerusalem on 10 December 1917 and then eventually Damascus on 1 October 1918 whereby, a few days later on 10 October 1918, the Ottoman Empire surrendered. Repatriation efforts were implemented between the armistice and the end of 1919, which occurred after

7336-476: The AIF attacked Pèronne and subsequently initiated the Battle of Mont St Quentin . Another operation around Épehy was planned for 18 September 1918, which aimed to retake the British trenches and, potentially, capture their most ambitious objective of the Hindenburg's outpost line – which they achieved. Following news of a three-month furlough for certain soldiers, seven AIF battalions were disbanded; consequently, members of these battalions mutinied. Soon after

7467-439: The AIF commenced operations with the Battle of the Somme , and more specifically with the Attack at Fromelles . Soon after, the 1st, 2nd and 4th Divisions became tied down in actions at the Battle of Pozières and Mouquet Farm . In around six weeks, the operations caused 28,000 Australian casualties. Due to these losses and pressure from the United Kingdom to maintain the AIF's manpower, Prime Minister Billy Hughes introduced

7598-401: The AIF landed at ANZAC Cove , which signaled the start of Australia's contribution to the campaign. Following little initial success, fighting quickly devolved into trench warfare, which precipitated a stalemate. On 15 December 1915, after eight months of fighting, the evacuation of Gallipoli commenced; it was completed 5 days later with no casualties recorded. After regrouping in Egypt, the AIF

7729-401: The Army selected. Drill Sergeant School is nine weeks long and consists of mostly the same activities as basic training; drill and ceremony, basic rifle marksmanship, obstacle/confidence courses, field training exercises, training management, and leadership. Certain aspects of the Basic Leader Course are included. Drill Sergeant Candidates are held to the highest standards while going through

7860-411: The Army had 28,387 permanent (regular) members and 20,742 reservists (part-time); all of whom are volunteers. As of June 2022, women made up 15.11% of the Army, with a target set for 18% 2025. Gender based restrictions for frontline combat or training roles were lifted in January 2013. Also as of June 2022, Indigenous Australians made up 3.7% of the Army. The ranks of the Australian Army are based on

7991-506: The Army to send large numbers of soldiers to serve overseas during periods of war. This period lasted from federation until post-1947, when a standing peacetime regular army was formed and the Australian Army Reserve (1980–present) began to decline in importance. During its history, the Australian Army has fought in a number of major wars, including the Second Boer War , the First and Second World Wars, Korean War , Malayan Emergency , Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation , Vietnam War ,

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8122-410: The Australian Army Dress Manual and are grouped into nine general categories, each ranging from ceremonial dress, to general duties dress, to battle dress (in addition there are a number of special categories specific to uniforms that are only worn when posted to specific locations, like ADFA or RMC-D), these are further divided into individual 'Dress Orders' denoted by alphabetical suffixes that detail

8253-488: The Australian Army increased its commitment again with the replacement of 1RAR with the 1st Australian Task Force , a force in which all nine battalions of the Royal Australian Regiment would serve. One of the heaviest actions of the war occurred in August 1966, with the Battle of Long Tan , wherein D Company, 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (6RAR) successfully fended off an enemy force, estimated at 2,000 men, for four hours. In 1968, Australian forces defended against

8384-454: The Australian Army initially consisted of the six, disbanded and separate, colonial military forces' land components. Due to the Army being continuation of the colonial armies, it became immediately embroiled in conflict as contingents had been committed to fight for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the Second Boer War . The Army gained command of these contingents and even supplied federal units to reinforce their commitment at

8515-428: The Australian contingent joined the Third Battle of Ypres with the Battle of Menin Road , and continued on to fight in the Battle of Polygon Wood , which lasted until 3 October; in total, these tow operations cost roughly 11,000 in Australian casualties. Until 15 November 1917, multiple attacks at the Battle of Broodseinde Ridge and the Battle of Passchendaele occurred, but, failed to take their objectives following

8646-434: The Central Powers; thereby receiving declarations of war from the Allies of World War I in early November 1914. After initial recruitment and training, the AIF departed for Egypt where they underwent further preparations, and where the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) was formed. Their presence in Egypt was due to the planned Gallipoli campaign , an invasion of the Ottoman Empire via Gallipoli . On 25 April,

8777-494: The Chief of Army reversed a previous ban on berets as general duties headwear for all personnel except Special Forces personnel (SASR, CDO Regiments). Australian Multi-cam Camouflage Uniform is the camouflage pattern for Australian Army camouflage uniforms, and was introduced in 2014, replacing the Disruptive Pattern Camouflage Uniform (DPCU) , and Disruptive Pattern Desert Uniform (DPDU) for all Australian Army orders of dress. The Army's operational headquarters, Forces Command,

8908-422: The DI is not a commissioned officer. In the U.S. Marine Corps, candidates for drill instructor school are both volunteers and designates. The Headquarters Marine Corps Special Duty Assignment Team creates a list known as the HSST List. This list has the names of Marines that have been slotted for the different B-Billets and Special Duty Assignments. Once a Marine's name comes up on this list, they must either serve

9039-407: The HAC) and they have specific responsibilities for all duties, public or battalion (royal duties, barrack duties etc.). They support the garrison sergeant major (GSM) or regimental sergeant major (RSM) in the formation, practice and execution of these duties, typically running the duties roster, supervising rehearsals, and undertaking the guard mounts, both royal and barrack. They also deputise for

9170-435: The Japanese being driven out of New Guinea entirely. In parallel with these defences, the Battle of Milne Bay was waged, and when the Japanese were repulsed, it was considered their first significant reversal for the war. In November 1942, the campaign ended after the Japanese withdrawal, with Australian advances leading to the Battle of Buna–Gona . In early 1943, the Salamaua–Lae campaign began, with operations against

9301-599: The Master Training Specialist designator. At the end of the three-year tour, eligible RDCs receive the Recruit Training Service Ribbon, along with a choice of coast for their next duty stations. In addition to training recruits at RTC Great Lakes, RDCs at E-7 (chief petty officer) or above who have experience leading recruit divisions train students at Officer Training Command in Newport, Rhode Island, either training prospective naval officers at Officer Candidate School (OCS) as class chief petty officers, alongside Marine Corps drill instructors, or newly commissioned junior officers in

9432-798: The Militia their nicknames of "koalas" and "chocos" or "chocolate soldiers". The Imperial Japanese Navy 's failure in the Battle of the Coral Sea , was the impetus for the Imperial Japanese Army to try to capture Port Moresby via the Owen Stanley Range . On 21 July 1942, the Japanese began the Kokoda Campaign after landing at Gona; attempts to defeat them by Australian battalions were met with eventual success. Resultant offensive operations concluded with

9563-607: The Navy's Staff Corps (i.e. JAG, Medical Corps, Nurse Corps, etc.) at the Officer Development School (ODS). In the U.S. Coast Guard, company commanders are usually E-5 to E-8 and are special duty volunteers. Candidates attend Company Commander School in Cape May , New Jersey , which is collocated with recruit basic training. Upon completion, candidates then go in front of a board for final approval. Upon becoming

9694-576: The North Korean forces; the units came from the Australian contribution to BCOF. The 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3RAR) arrived in Pusan on 28 September 1950. Australian troop numbers would increase and continue to be deployed up until the armistice, with 3RAR being eventually joined by the 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1RAR). For a brief period, between 1951 and 1959,

9825-760: The RSM in disciplinary matters. The London District drill sergeant supports the GSM in the supervision of Trooping the Colour , the State Opening of Parliament , Beating the Retreat and any state visits. He also has responsibility under the GSM for the definition of British Army foot and arms drill. They can be distinguished from other WO2s by their dress. They have the right to wear Sam Browne belts when in No.2 dress and carry swords (never drawn) on ceremonial duties. They are

9956-657: The Second World War. After the surrender of Japan, Australia provided a contingent to the British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF) which included the 34th Brigade . The units that composed the brigade would eventually become the nucleus of the regular army, with the battalions and brigade being renumbered to reflect this change. Following the start of the Korean War , the Australian Army committed troops to fight against

10087-516: The Second World War. In October 1944, Australian participation in the Aitape–Wewak campaign began with the replacement of US forces at Aitape with the Australian 6th Division. US forces had previously captured the position, and had held it passively, though Australian command found this unsuitable. On 2 November 1944, the 2/6th Cavalry Commando Regiment was tasked with patrolling the area, wherein minor engagements were reported. In early December,

10218-601: The Spring of 2016. Service as a drill instructor is considered a Special Duty Assignment in the Marine Corps (or "B" billet), which is factored into consideration of a Marine's eligibility for promotion. A Marine assigned to DI School must have at least a rank of sergeant (E-5), or have been selected for promotion to sergeant. The school requires DI School students to complete every task recruits are required to do. The typical training day begins around 4:00 a.m. or 0400 on

10349-602: The academy. It may be taken offensively by U.S. Marine Corps drill instructors to be referred to as 'drill sergeants', which is strictly an army term in the American military, just as marines may take offense to being called "soldiers". This is considered to be a grievous insult if done intentionally. The only acceptable address of a drill instructor by a recruit is "sir", "ma'am" or "(senior) drill instructor (Rank) (last name)". At Officer Candidates School (OCS), candidates are instructed by drill instructors who have already served

10480-422: The area continued, and all significant actions ceased by July. The Borneo campaign was a series of three distinct amphibious operations that were undertaken by the 7th and 9th Divisions. The campaign began with the Battle of Tarakan on 1 May 1945, followed six weeks later by the Battle of Labuan , and concluded with the Battle of Balikpapan . The purpose of capturing Tarakan was to establish airfields, and

10611-635: The armed forces: conscription was abolished and the economic effects of the Great Depression started to be felt in Australia. The economic ramifications of the depression led to decisions that decreased defence expenditure and manpower for the army. Since conscription was repealed, to reflect the new volunteer nature of the Citizens Forces , the CMF was renamed to the Militia. Following

10742-608: The battleplan of John Monash completed three minutes over the planned 90 minute operation. Following this success, the Battle of Amiens was launched on 8 August 1918, in conjunction with the Canadian Corps and the British III Corps , and concluded on 12 August 1918; General Erich Ludendorff described it as "the black day of the German Army". On 29 August 1918, following territorial advances and pursuits,

10873-708: The centenary of the Army, the Governor General Sir William Deane , presented the Army with a new Banner at a parade in front of the Australian War Memorial on 10 March 2001. The banner was presented to the Regimental Sergeant Major of the Army (RSM-A) , Warrant Officer Peter Rosemond. The Army Banner bears the Australian Coat of Arms on the obverse, with the dates "1901–2001" in gold in

11004-563: The commandos were sent inland to establish access to the Torricelli Range , while the 19th Brigade handled patrolling, consequently, the amount of fierce fighting and territory secured increased. Following this success, thought was given for the capture of Maprik and Wewak , though supply became a major issue in this period. On 10 February 1945, the campaign's major offensive was underway, which resulted in both falling in quick succession on 22 April 1945. Smaller operations to secure

11135-426: The company level is the company's first sergeant , the senior enlisted leader and advisor to the company commander. Successful completion of drill sergeant duty greatly enhances opportunities for promotion. Many of the U.S. Army's most senior noncommissioned officers are former drill sergeants. The army has had a difficult time recruiting drill sergeant volunteers due to recent changes in doctrine and policy, with

11266-577: The conflict began, and continued throughout, with the training and supply of Malaysian troops; Australian soldiers only saw combat during defensive operations. In January 1965, permission was granted for the deployment of 3RAR, with extensive operations conducted in Sarawak from March until their withdrawal in July 1965. The subsequent deployment of 4th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (4RAR), in April 1966,

11397-519: The consequent capture of the entire 8th Division as POWs , this concern only grew. These events hastened the relief of the Rats of Tobruk, while the other divisions were immediately recalled to reinforce New Guinea. General conscription was reintroduced, though service was again limited to Australian possessions, which caused tension between the AIF and Militia. This was in addition to the CMF's perceived inferior fighting ability, with these grievances earning

11528-597: The corps attacked and captured more of the line. On 5 October 1918, after furious fighting, the Australian Corps was withdrawn from the front, as the entire corps had been operating continuously since 8 August 1918. They would not return to the battlefield, as Germany signed the Armistice of 11 November 1918 that ultimately ended the war on the Western Front. The Australian mounted units, composed of

11659-475: The course, classroom academic instruction, and the "confidence" obstacle course. Unlike the Army, the Air Force uses a different specialist to continue military training during advanced individual or technical training. Military training leaders (MTLs) wear a blue aiguillette on the left shoulder and act in the same capacity as Army drill sergeants during technical training. The aiguillette in various colors

11790-633: The dark blue campaign hat and female MTIs by the dark blue Australian bush hat. Their usual duty uniform is the Operational Camouflage Pattern (OCP), with blue service uniforms worn during certain drill practices and the graduation ceremony. Upon receiving their certification as an instructor, they receive the Air Education and Training Command Instructor badge for wear on the right side of the blue uniform. MTIs usually begin their tours as "team members" - junior partners of

11921-574: The declaration of war on Nazi Germany and her allies by the United Kingdom , and the subsequent confirmation by Prime Minister Robert Menzies on 3 September 1939, the Australian Army raised the Second Australian Imperial Force, a 20,000-strong volunteer expeditionary force, which initially consisted of the 6th Division ; later increased to include the 7th and 9th Divisions, alongside the 8th Division which

12052-786: The difference between the responsibilities the candidates will have as second lieutenants and those the recruits will have as junior Marines. In addition, drill instructors at either E-6 or E-7 also train naval officer candidates at the Navy's Officer Candidate School at Officer Training Command Newport, Rhode Island, a holdover from the days when they trained prospective naval aviators at the former Aviation Officer Candidate School (AOCS) at Naval Aviation Schools Command, Pensacola, Florida. Class drill instructors train officer candidates alongside class chief petty officers who have experience training Navy recruits as recruit division commanders (RDCs). Like Marine Corps recruits, navy officer candidates must address drill instructors as "Sir" or "Ma'am", even though

12183-578: The disbandment of the Australian Imperial Force. In 1921, CMF units were renumbered to that of the AIF, to perpetuate the honours and numerical identities of the units involved in WW1. During this period there was a complacency towards matters of defence, due to the devastating effects of the previous war on the Australian psyche. Following the election of Prime Minister James Scullin in 1929, two events occurred that substantially affected

12314-401: The division was renamed the 1st Australian Division. The 1st , 3rd and 7th Brigades were placed under the direct control of the division's headquarters. This reform aimed to improve the connections between the divisional headquarters and the brigades it commands during deployments. Forces Command controls for administrative purposes all non-combat assets of the Australian Army. Its focus

12445-496: The duties they will perform as RDCs, including drill and ceremony, classroom instruction, and uniform and compartment maintenance. They undergo routine uniform inspections, where RDC school staff (experienced RDCs) meticulously check for any deficiencies in a student's uniform. In addition, RDC School students spend three days a week undergoing physical training. Because of the intense workout periods, some RDC students find themselves unprepared; however, they must be ready to keep up with

12576-454: The duty or prove that they are unfit for the assignment. The tour of duty is three years and demands the highest moral character and strength. It is the job of the drill instructor to pass these characteristics on to the future of the Corps. This duty is referred to as "Making Marines", and is one of the most important duties of a Marine's career. A drill instructor is directly involved in shaping

12707-558: The end of 2013 when it was replaced by a training contingent operating under Operation Highroad until 2021. After the Gulf War the UN imposed heavy restrictions on Iraq to stop them producing any Weapon of mass destruction . In the early 21st century, the US accused Iraq of possessing these weapons, and requested that the UN invade the country in response, a motion which Australia supported. The UN denied this motion, however, it did not stop

12838-424: The entrenched Japanese aimed towards recapturing the eponymous towns. This culminated in the capture of Lae, held by the 7th Division in early September 1943, from a successful combined amphibious landing at Lae and an airborne landing at Nadzab . The seaborne assault was notable as it was the first large–scale amphibious operation since Gallipoli. Subsequently, Salamaua was taken days later on 11 September 1943, by

12969-639: The five Foot Guards regiments, the Honourable Artillery Company (HAC), Infantry Training Centre Catterick , London District , and the All-Arms Drill Wing (part of the Army School of Ceremonial, Catterick). Drill sergeants hold the rank of Warrant Officer Class 2. However, any senior NCO conducting drill can be colloquially referred to as a "drill sergeant". There are two drill sergeants per battalion (one in

13100-823: The future of the United States Marine Corps. Marines report to either Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island in South Carolina or to Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego in California, where they are assigned to Drill Instructor School. Upon graduation, they are assigned to one of the Recruit Training Battalions. Female Marines may now serve on both depots as drill instructors. Since spring 2016, Female drill instructors have begun serving in limited capacity on board Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego. This change took place in

13231-626: The invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in August 1990, a coalition of countries sponsored by the United Nations Security Council , of which Australia was a part, gave a deadline for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait of the 15 January 1991. Iraq refused to retreat and thus full conflict and the Gulf War began two days later on 17 January 1991. In January 1993, the Australian Army deployed 26 personnel on an ongoing rotational basis to

13362-580: The island was taken seven weeks following the initial amphibious landing. On 10 June 1945, the operation at Labuan commenced, and was tasked to secure resources and a naval base, and would continue until Japan's surrender. On 1 July 1945, the Balikpapan engagement commenced, with all its major objectives being acquired by war's end; this operation remains the largest amphibious operation undertaken by Australian forces, with 33,000 Australian servicemen participating. On 15 August 1945, Japan surrendered, ending

13493-737: The largest deployment of the decade, the Army committed 151 troops to the Commonwealth Monitoring Force, which monitored the transition of Rhodesia to universal suffrage. A decade later in 1989, Australia deployed 300 army engineer personnel as the Australian contribution to the United Nations Transition Assistance Group in Namibia . The mission helped transition the country to independence from South African control. Following

13624-553: The last decade, but generally includes a period of assignment to a senior instructor to observe training (called "bird-dogging"). MTIs initially conduct basic training at Lackland Air Force Base as part of the 737th Training Group, but a select few conduct military training at the Officer Training School at Maxwell AFB and at the Air Force Academy during basic cadet training. Male MTIs are identified by

13755-736: The most prestigious carried out by enlisted personnel. Those who become drill instructors are eligible for a variety of military awards , such as the Marine Drill Instructor Ribbon , and the Army's Drill Sergeant Identification Badge . Air Force MTIs are non-commissioned officers ranging from staff sergeant (E-5) through master sergeant (E-7). They are trained at the Military Training Instructor School at Lackland AFB in San Antonio, Texas. Course length has changed several times during

13886-451: The new GSM were to organise the military ceremonial at the funeral of King George VI in 1952 and the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953. The GSM also organised the military ceremonial at the state funeral of the Queen on 19 September 2022. The GSM London District traditionally wore the same badge of rank as a regimental sergeant major of Foot Guards, the large Royal Coat of Arms on

14017-513: The penetration of the Hindenburg Line, plans for the breakthrough of the main trench, with the Australian Corps as the vanguard, were completed. However, due to manpower issues, only the 3rd and 5th Divisions participated, with the American Expeditionary Forces ' 27th and 30th Divisions given as reinforcements. On 29 September, following a three day long bombardment, the Battle of the Hindenburg Line commenced, wherein

14148-566: The period 4 to 25 April 1918. After the cessation of offensives by the German Army , the Australian Corps began participating in " Peaceful penetration " operations, which were localised raids designed to harass and gain small tracts of territory; these proved so effective that several major operational objectives were captured. On 4 July 1918, the Battle of Hamel saw the first successful use of tanks alongside Australians, with

14279-462: The process of raising separate volunteer forces until the mid-20th century; this solution was not without its drawbacks, as it caused logistical dilemmas. After the declaration of war on the Central Powers , the Australian Army raised the all volunteer First Australian Imperial Force (AIF) which had an initial recruitment of 52,561 out of a promised 20,000 men. A smaller expeditionary force,

14410-527: The ranks of the British Army , and carry mostly the same actual insignia . For officers the ranks are identical except for the shoulder title "Australia". The Non-Commissioned Officer insignia are the same up until Warrant Officer , where they are stylised for Australia (for example, using the Australian, rather than the British coat of arms). The ranks of the Australian Army are as follows: (or equivalent) The Australian Army uniforms are detailed in

14541-582: The recruits assigned to them on a 24-hour basis throughout the period of initial training, of which the most well known is Basic Training or boot camp . Their responsibilities include areas such as military discipline , physical fitness , and weapons training. The title of drill instructor is a billet independent of rank, to be held by non-commissioned officers who successfully complete the intense training program to earn that title. The rank held by drill instructors varies by branch: The arduous nature of drill instructor duty means that such assignments are among

14672-568: The recruits, some of them who are much younger or more athletic than they are. According to RDC "C" School staff, PT is the number one reason why some students drop out of the course. Towards the end of RDC "C" School, RDC students shadow actual RDCs currently commanding a division. At the end of thirteen weeks, they receive their red ropes and badges which set them apart as RDCs. Following graduation and entering their first divisions, senior RDCs mentor these new junior RDCs, who then go on to gain experience with every new division (commonly referred to as

14803-575: The request of the British government. The Defence Act 1903 , established the operation and command structure of the Australian Army. In 1911, the Universal Service Scheme was implemented, introducing conscription for the first time in Australia, with males aged 14–26 assigned into cadet and CMF units; though the scheme did not prescribe or allow overseas service outside the states and territories of Australia . This restriction would be primarily, and continually, bypassed through

14934-567: The ribbon is also awarded to officer candidate company first sergeants, company gunnery sergeants, and platoon commanders. In the United States Navy , recruit training is conducted by recruit division commanders (RDCs, formerly company commanders or CCs) at Recruit Training Command Great Lakes , located at Naval Station Great Lakes, in North Chicago, Illinois. RDCs are usually E-6 ( petty officer first class ), but may be up to

15065-553: The right upper sleeve. However, on 28 April 2011, the day before the wedding of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge , the Ministry of Defence announced that, in recognition of the work done by garrison sergeant majors on behalf of the Royal Household, Queen Elizabeth II approved the revival of the original insignia worn by sergeant majors appointed to the court of King William IV in the early 19th century. It incorporates

15196-418: The same year, the commander of II Corps , Lieutenant-General Stanley Savige , began an offensive to retake the island with the 3rd Division alongside the 11th and 23rd Brigades. The campaign lasted until the Japanese surrender , with controversy surrounding its little apparent significance to the war's conclusion, and the number of casualties incurred; this was one of Australia's most costliest campaigns in

15327-460: The school as preparation for their tours of duty. The Drill Sergeant Candidates are treated with a great deal of professionalism and not like recruits. Upon graduation, male drill sergeants wear the World War I campaign hat (nicknamed the "Brown Round") and female drill sergeants wear the olive drab Australian bush cap. An army drill sergeant's normal tour of duty (called being "on the trail")

15458-424: The specific items of clothing, embellishment and accoutrements, i.e. Dress Order No. 1A - 'Ceremonial Parade Service Dress', Dress Order No. 2G - 'General Duty Office Dress', Dress Order No 4C 'Combat Dress ( AMCU )' . The slouch hat or beret are the regular service and general duties hat, while the field hat , or combat helmet is for use in the field while training, on exercise, or on operations. In December 2013

15589-525: The start of the rain and subsequent muddying of the fields. On 21 March 1918, the Germans attempted a breakout through the Michael Offensive , which was part of the much larger German spring offensive ; the AIF suffered 15,000 casualties due to this effort. During this operation, Australian troops conducted a series of local defences and offensives to hold and retake Villers–Brettoneux over

15720-408: The task of the drill sergeant has been intrinsic to good order and discipline and commands respect throughout the Army. Currently, soldiers of appropriate rank (usually staff sergeants and sergeants first class ) may volunteer or be centrally selected by U.S. Army Human Resources Command to attend the Drill Sergeant Academy. Those centrally selected are known as "DA Selected" meaning Department of

15851-813: The third most senior Warrant Officers within a regimental structure, after the RSM and the regimental quartermaster sergeant (RQMS). The HAC drill sergeant is thus the second most senior Army Reserve soldier in the regiment. Drill instructors in the United States armed forces have different titles in each branch of service. In the United States Air Force , they are known as "Military Training Instructors", or MTIs. The United States Navy uses Marine Corps drill instructors at their Officer Candidate School, but only chief petty officers and petty officers (1st or 2nd Class) are called "recruit division commanders", or RDCs at their recruit training. Within

15982-591: The time of their deployment. All three original Royal Australian Regiment battalions would complete at least one tour before the end of operations. In August 1963, Australia ended deployments to Malaya, three years after the emergency's official end. In 1962, the Borneo Confrontation began, due to Indonesia's opposition to the formation of Malaysia . It was an undeclared war that entailed a series of border conflicts between Indonesian-backed forces and British–Malaysian allies. Initial Australian support in

16113-479: The upper hoist. The reverse bears the Rising Sun badge of the Australian Army, flanked by seven campaign honours on small gold-edged scrolls: South Africa , World War I , World War II , Korea , Malaya-Borneo , South Vietnam , and Peacekeeping. The banner is trimmed with gold fringe, has gold and crimson cords and tassels, and is mounted on a pike with the usual British royal crest finial. As of June 2022

16244-422: The various U.S. military branches includes instruction in customs and practices of military life, physical fitness, instruction in the proper execution of military drill , instilling discipline and willingness to immediately obey all lawful orders given by superiors, and oftentimes, basic armed and unarmed combat training. Drill instructors are held responsible for the welfare, behavior, and military education of

16375-475: The wording "DI" positioned 5   mm above their name plate or citations. Drill instructors are also issued with a black coloured Hellweg brand leather basket weave Sam Browne belt and strap. The AFP is the only police agency to formally train and accredit police drill instructors in Australia, with a number of New South Wales Police Force members attached to the NSW Police College holding that qualification. The Australian Federal Police College at Barton has

16506-548: The year. Physical training or "PT" as a unit is conducted at least three times a week, with each session lasting approximately two hours. In addition to warming up, stretching, and calisthenics, students complete the "DI Playground" a circuit course that focuses on enhancing upper body strength. Physical training also prepares the future drill instructors for the Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test which consists of pull-ups, abdominal crunches, and

16637-442: Was augmented with the reintroduction of conscription , which was based on a 'birthday ballot' selection process for all registered 20-year-old males. These men were required to register, unless they gave a legitimate reason for their exemption, else they faced penalties. This scheme would prove to be one of the most controversial implementations of conscription in Australia, with large protests against its adoption. In March 1966,

16768-639: Was concluded with the release of the Brereton Report . The report identified 25 ADF personnel that were involved directly or indirectly in the murder of 39 civilians and prisoners, with 19 referred to the Australian Federal Police to be criminally investigated. A 'warrior culture' in the SAS was specifically criticised with investigators 'frustrated by outright deceit by those who knew the truth and, not infrequently, misguided resistance to inquiries and investigations by their superiors'. Beginning 1 July 2023,

16899-468: Was less intensive, with the battalion withdrawn in August. This is not to mention the efforts of several other corps and units in the conflict. The Australian Army commenced its involvement in the Vietnam War by sending military advisors in 1962, which was then increased by sending in combat troops, specifically 1RAR, on 27 May 1965. Just before the official start of hostilities, the Australian Army

17030-565: Was sent to Singapore . In October 1939, compulsory military training recommenced for unmarried men aged 21, who had to complete three months of training. The 2nd AIF commenced its first operations in North Africa with Operation Compass , that began with the Battle of Bardia . This was followed by supplying Australian units to defend against the Axis in the Battle of Greece . After the evacuation of Greece, Australian troops took part in

17161-945: Was split into two groups and further expanded with reinforcements. This division would see a majority of the Australian Light Horse fight the Ottomans in Arabia and the Levant , whereas the rest of the AIF would go to the Western Front . The AIF arrived in France with the 1st , 2nd , 4th and 5th Divisions; which comprised, in part, I ANZAC Corps and, in full, II ANZAC Corps . The 3rd Division would not arrive until November 1916, as it underwent training in England after its transfer from Australia. In July 1916,

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