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61-400: To construct the first Duryea Motor Wagon, the brothers had purchased a used horse-drawn buggy for $ 70 and then installed a 4-horsepower (3.0 kW; 4.1 PS), single cylinder gasoline engine. The car had a friction transmission, spray carburetor, and low tension ignition. It was road-tested again on 10 November, when the newspaper The Springfield Republican made the announcement. The car

122-583: A business reporter for the Springfield Daily Republican, as an apprentice to the newspaper's then-owner, Samuel Bowles III. The Republican launched the careers of several prominent journalists and novelists. I. E. "Sy" Sanborn , longtime Chicago sportswriter and one of the original organizers of the Baseball Writers' Association of America in 1908, began his career at The Republican. Radio's "poet laureate" Norman Corwin

183-554: A months-long trek to Montreal , nearly 300 miles to the north. Many died along the way; others were killed because they could not keep up. In this period, there was an active trade in ransoming captives among both the English and French. Deerfield and other communities collected funds to ransom the captives, and negotiations were conducted between the colonial governments. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony released

244-542: A new wave of Eastern European immigrants, particularly from Poland . The new people influenced Deerfield's demographics and culture. They were mostly Catholic peasants , who built their own churches. Working first as laborers, they formed a community later known as Old Polonia. Twentieth-century immigrants from Poland tended to be more educated but settled in the larger cities. Immigrants in smaller communities followed different paths, and their descendants often moved to cities for more opportunities. Today, heritage tourism

305-572: A veteran automobile produced before 1905 is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . The Springfield Republican The Republican is a newspaper based in Springfield, Massachusetts , covering news in the Greater Springfield area, as well as national news and pieces from Boston , Worcester and northern Connecticut. It is owned by Newhouse Newspapers , a division of Advance Publications . Throughout much of

366-509: Is Deerfield's principal industry and is important to the Pioneer Valley. "Historic Deerfield" has been designated as a National Historic Landmark district, containing eleven house museums and a regional museum and visitors' center. It focuses on decorative arts, early American material culture, and history. Its eleven house museums offer interpretation through the late nineteenth century. The Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association operates

427-547: Is co-ed, and Eaglebrook School , which is a school for boys. For several decades during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, Deerfield was the northwesternmost outpost of New England settlement. It occupies a fertile portion of the upper Connecticut River Valley now known as the Pioneer Valley . It was vulnerable to attack because of its position near the Berkshires highlands. For these reasons it

488-421: Is designated as a National Historic Landmark district, and the organization operates a museum with a focus on decorative arts, early American material culture, and history. Its eleven house museums offer interpretation of society, history, and culture from the colonial era through the late nineteenth century. The Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association operates Memorial Hall Museum , which opened in 1880, as well as

549-667: Is in Springfield; a stop in Greenfield is in operation as part of the rerouting of Amtrak's Vermonter route. Deerfield has bus service through Peter Pan Bus Lines ; the nearest small air service is in Gill and Northampton . The nearest national air service is Bradley International Airport in Windsor Locks, Connecticut . As of the census of 2010, there were 5,125 people, 2,053 households, and 1,350 families residing in

610-501: Is land and 1.1 square miles (2.8 km ), or 3.17 percent, is water. Deerfield is located in the northern Pioneer Valley and is bordered by Greenfield to the north, Montague to the northeast, Sunderland to the southeast, Whately to the south, Conway to the west, and Shelburne to the northwest. The town center is located 8 miles (13 km) south of Greenfield, 29 miles (47 km) north of Springfield , and 93 miles (150 km) west of Boston . Deerfield's northern point

671-708: Is led by a board of selectmen . The town has its own police, fire, and public works departments. The fire department and the post office both have two branches, in South Deerfield (where most of the town offices are) and in Old Deerfield Village, near Memorial Hall and the Old Town Hall. The town's Tilton Library is connected to the regional library network and is located in South Deerfield. The nearest hospital, Franklin Medical Center,

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732-612: Is located at the confluence of the Deerfield and Connecticut rivers, with the former flowing through the northwestern corner of the town and the latter forming the eastern border of the town. Several brooks and the Mill River also flow through the town. North Sugarloaf Mountain rises above the Connecticut in the southeastern corner, providing a panoramic view of the valley and the town center. The Pocumtuck Range rises along

793-753: Is located in Greenfield, as are many regional state offices. Deerfield is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives by the First Franklin district, which includes the southeastern third of Franklin County and towns in north central Hampshire County. The town is represented in the Massachusetts Senate by the Hampshire and Franklin district, which includes much of eastern Franklin and Hampshire Counties. The town

854-694: Is patrolled by the Second (Shelburne Falls) Barracks of Troop B of the Massachusetts State Police . Deerfield is represented in the United States House of Representatives as part of Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district and has been represented by Jim McGovern of Worcester . Massachusetts is currently represented in the United States Senate by senators Ed Markey and Elizabeth Warren . Deerfield

915-402: Is simple, it is easy to write, and the person concerned can translate it properly according to the circumstances." In 1915, Samuel Bowles , who had been dead nearly four decades, was compared to William Rockhill Nelson , publisher of The Kansas City Star , who died that year. "Of course, The Star was William R. Nelson even more than The Springfield Republican was Samuel Bowles ," wrote

976-422: Is the central member of Frontier Regional and Union 38 School Districts , which also includes Conway, Whately, and Sunderland. Each town operates its own elementary school, with Deerfield Elementary School serving the town's students from kindergarten through sixth grades. All four towns send seventh through twelfth grade students to Frontier Regional School in the town. Frontier's athletics teams are nicknamed

1037-458: The Chicago Post in a tribute. During the 1920s, Sherman Bowles, son of Samuel Bowles IV, constructed a modern printing plant at 32 Cypress Street in Springfield and launched the hostile takeover of three competitors. His newspaper monopoly controlled a combined circulation of 280,000. He died on March 3, 1952, of a heart attack at the age of 61. In 1960, Advance Publications, owned by

1098-533: The Morning Union was reported at 128,041 on October 8, 1972. The Springfield Daily News circulation stood at 92,342 on September 30, 1972. Eventually the two newspapers were combined into The Union-News (a morning paper) in 1988, with The Sunday Republican being published on Sundays. Larry McDermott served as publisher for a decade beginning in 1999 and the newspaper reverted to its historical, pre- Union-News name of The Republican around 2003. At

1159-613: The "Newspaper of the Year" title as a daily, and among Sunday newspapers, for its investigative reporting on the Springfield Police Department controversies earlier that year. Longtime editor and Yankee Quill winner Wayne E. Phaneuf retired in 2020 and was succeeded by Cynthia G. Simison and later Larry Parnass . Like many daily newspapers, The Republican has seen its advertising base erode and circulation shrink in recent years. It reported its daily circulation

1220-459: The 17th century during the colonial era, the population was 5,090 as of the 2020 census . Deerfield is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area in western Massachusetts , lying 30 miles (48 km) north of the city of Springfield. Deerfield includes the villages of South Deerfield and Old Deerfield, which is home to two museums: Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association and Historic Deerfield, Inc. Historic Deerfield

1281-694: The 19th century, the paper was the largest circulating daily in New England and the most widely-read across the U.S., and played a key role in the United States Republican Party 's founding. Abraham Lincoln was an avid reader. The newspaper became the first U.S. periodical to publish the earliest known poem authored by an African American writer in North America. By 2024, The Republican ' s daily circulation had plummeted to 9,388, according to an audit published in

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1342-729: The Cosmopolitan Race on Decoration Day , 1896 in New York City. On November 14, 1896, they joined the Procession/ Race from London to Brighton England. Davidson-Duryea Gun Carriage The Duryea was used as the basis of the Davidson-Duryea car of 1898, which has the distinction of being the first American armored car. The car, which was photographed by the Chicago Tribune, was adapted from

1403-521: The Dedham proprietors 8,000 acres (32 km ) in compensation. The question of how to handle the additional grant puzzled the town for some time. There were those who wanted to sell the rights to the land and take the money, while others wanted to find a suitable location and take possession. The Town sent Anthony Fisher, Jr., Nathaniel Fisher, and Sgt. Fuller to explore an area known as "Chestnut Country" in 1663. They reported back two weeks later that

1464-563: The English had different ideas about property and land use; this, along with competition for resources, contributed to conflicts between them. Pynchon submitted a bill for £40 in 1666 but a tax on the cow commons to pay it was not imposed until 1669. By that time the bill had risen to over £96, and he was not paid in full until 1674. The drawing of lots took place on May 23, 1670, by which time many rights had been sold to people from outside of Dedham or one of her daughter towns. Before that even happened, Robert Hinsdale 's son Samuel moved into

1525-518: The Frary House. Baker was assisted by the Boston architectural firm Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge , and her project was one of the first in historic preservation in western Massachusetts. Local historian George Sheldon wrote an account of the town's early history that was published in the late nineteenth century. By this time South Deerfield and other New England villages were already absorbing

1586-597: The French pirate Pierre Maisonnat dit Baptiste , Canada arranged redemption of numerous Deerfield people, among them the prominent minister John Williams . He wrote a captivity narrative about his experience, which was published in 1707 and became well known. One of those captured and ransomed was Mehuman Kellog, the first white child born in Deerfield and a descendant of Robert Hinsdale . In addition to ransoming captives, because of losses to war and disease, families of

1647-591: The Indian House Memorial Children's Museum and Bloody Brook Tavern. The site of early 18th century colonial battles including the Raid on Deerfield , the town is a center of heritage tourism in the Pioneer Valley . Deerfield has numerous schools, including Deerfield Academy , a private secondary preparatory school ; Frontier Regional High School ; Deerfield Elementary ; and two separate private junior boarding schools , Bement School, which

1708-703: The Memorial Hall Museum, which opened in 1880; and the Indian House Memorial Children's Museum and Bloody Brook Tavern. Deerfield is a center of heritage tourism in the Pioneer Valley near the Connecticut River . The Yankee Candle Company is an example of one of many commercial businesses associated with this history. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 33.4 square miles (86.6 km ), of which 32.4 square miles (83.9 km )

1769-517: The Mohawk and other tribes often adopted younger captives into their tribes. Such was the case with Williams's daughter Eunice , who was 8 years old when captured. She became thoroughly assimilated and at age 16 married a Mohawk man. They had a family and she stayed with the Mohawk for the rest of her life. Most of the Deerfield captives eventually returned to New England ; others remained by choice in French and Native communities, such as Kahnawake , for

1830-584: The Newhouse family, purchased a 40 percent stock interest in the Republican Company, Inc., holder of The SpringfieId Union , The Springfield Sunday Republican and The Springfield Daily News . The Newark, New Jersey–based company had an agreement with the Bowles heirs to purchase their 45 percent stock holdings in the Springfield companies on Sept. 1, 1967. The purchase was opposed by the editors of

1891-586: The Red Hawks, and the team colors are red and blue. There are many art programs available during and after school at Frontier. Private schools in the town include the Bement School (a coeducational boarding school for grades K–9), the Eaglebrook School (a private boys' boarding school for grades 6–9), and Deerfield Academy , a private school for grades 9–12. There are other private schools in

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1952-487: The age of 18 living with them; 52.4 percent were married couples living together, 9.4 percent had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2 percent were nonfamilies. Individuals made up 26.3 percent of all households. The average household size was 2.33, and the average family size was 2.83. As of the American Community Survey of 2015, the median income for a household was $ 74,853, and

2013-613: The aid of J. G. Holland and others who joined the staff the paper attained excellent literary quality and a high moral tone. Its opinions soon reached all New England , and after the formation of the Republican party they extended far beyond the limits of any section. During the controversies affecting slavery and resulting in the American Civil War , Bowles supported, in general, the Whig and Republican parties, but in

2074-517: The area and began squatting on the land. He was eventually joined by his father and brothers. Hard feelings arose at the distance of the new settlement from Dedham and the fact that the proprietors were not strictly "a Dedham company." On May 7, 1673, the General Court separated the town of Deerfield, with additional lands, provided they establish a church and settle a minister within three years. The Pocumtuck were much reduced in number by

2135-406: The area was hilly, with few meadows, and was generally unsuitable for their purposes. After a potential location was claimed by others before Dedham could do so, a report was received about land at a place known as Pocomtuck , about 12 or 14 miles from Hadley . It was decided to claim the land before others could do so. Joshua Fisher , Ensign John Euerard, and Jonathan Danforth were assigned by

2196-623: The command of Captain Thomas Lathrop before being driven off by reinforcements. Colonial casualties numbered about 60. At dawn on May 19, 1676, Captain William Turner led an army of settlers in a surprise retaliatory attack on Peskeompskut, in present-day Montague , then a traditional native gathering place. Turner and his men killed 200 natives, mostly women and children. When the men of the tribe returned, they routed Turner's forces; Turner died after being wounded at Green River. In

2257-598: The commercial passenger model by installing a forward-firing M1895 Colt-Browning machine gun operated by the front passenger. It featured an armored shield between the front wheel and steering tiller. The conversion was devised by inventor Major (later Colonel) R.P. Davidson, of the Illinois National Guard, then commandant of the Northwestern Military and Naval Academy, Highland Park, Illinois. The First Duryea This article about

2318-534: The eastern side of town north of Sugarloaf. Interstate 91 passes from south to north through the central part of town, crossing the Deerfield River near the river's southernmost bend. The interstate is paralleled by U.S. Route 5 and Massachusetts Route 10 , which run concurrently through the town. Route 116 also passes through town, combining with Routes 5 and 10 for a one-mile stretch, briefly passing into Whately before separating and crossing through

2379-596: The first paragraph". In 1849, Bowles hired Josiah Gilbert Holland , a poet who had studied medicine and taught school in the American South . Soon, the assistant editor purchased an interest in the newspaper and wrote spiritual and advice columns. Under the leadership of editor Bowles and assistant editor Holland, the Republican became the most widely-read and respected small town daily in America. Bowles

2440-468: The following year. In 1855, Bowles III called for the founding of a new party that would abolish slavery. He suggested the name "Republican". Once abolitionists founded a party by this name, The Republican became one of its most unrelenting supporters. Bowles III believed that the newspaper should be a power in the moral, religious, and literary, as well as the political life of the community, and he tried to make his paper fulfill those functions. With

2501-531: The land from the Pocomtuc Indians who lived there. They contracted with John Pynchon, who had a relationship with the native peoples there, and he obtained a quitclaim deed from them. Pynchon signed a treaty with the Pocumtuck, including a man named Chaulk. But Chaulk had no authority to deed the land to the colonists and appeared to have only a rough idea of what he was signing. Native Americans and

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2562-438: The median income for a family was $ 83,859. Men who worked full-time year-round had a median income of $ 70,873 versus $ 49,115 for similar females. The per capita income for the town was $ 38,379. Four percent of families and 7.5 percent of the population were below the poverty line , including 6.6 percent of those under age 18 and 7.8 percent of those age 65 or over. Deerfield employs the open town meeting form of government and

2623-466: The newspaper on September 27, 2024. Content from The Republican is published online to MassLive , a separate Advance Publications company. MassLive had a record six million unique monthly visitors in June 2019. Established by Samuel Bowles II in 1824 as a rural weekly , it was converted into a daily in 1844. From the beginning it had a focus on local news. As rapidly as possible its news-gathering

2684-423: The newspaper, under publisher Larry McDermott, endorsed Republican John McCain in his failed White House bid. The newspaper subsequently endorsed President Barack Obama in his 2012 re-election campaign. During Bowles' lifetime, and subsequently, the Republican office was a sort of school for young journalists, especially in the matter of pungency and conciseness of style, one of his maxims being: "put it all in

2745-499: The newspapers and a prolonged legal battle ensued. An organization called the Springfield Newspapers became the local division of the Newhouse family empire with David Starr, a vice president for Advance, serving as publisher. The Springfield Daily News and the Morning Union merged operations in the 1970s, operating as separate papers, even endorsing different candidates for the same offices. The circulation for

2806-632: The oldest known work of literature by an African American . A 16-year-old named Lucy Terry (1733–1821) witnessed two White families attacked by Native Americans in 1746. The fight took place in Deerfield, Mass . Known as “ Bars Fight ,” her poem was told orally until it was published, thirty-three years after her death, first in the Springfield Daily Republican, on November 20, 1854. The poem appeared in Josiah Gilbert Holland's History of Western Massachusetts

2867-467: The period of Reconstruction under President Ulysses S. Grant , his paper represented anti-administration or Liberal Republican opinions, while in the disputed election of 1876 it favored the claims of Samuel J. Tilden , and subsequently became independent in politics. Its editorial board endorsed the Democratic candidate for president in every modern election -except the 2008 election, in which

2928-526: The predawn hours of February 29, 1704, during Queen Anne's War , joint French and Indian forces (including 47 Canadiens and 200 Abenaki , along with some Kanienkehaka (Mohawk) , Wyandot , and a few Pocumtuck, all under the command of Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouville) attacked the town in what became known as the Raid on Deerfield . They razed much of the settlement and killed 56 colonists, including 22 men, 9 women, and 25 children. The attackers took 112 captives, including women and children, and forced them on

2989-573: The rest of their lives. As the frontier moved north, Deerfield became another colonial town with an unquiet early history. In 1753 Greenfield was set off and incorporated. During the early nineteenth century, Deerfield's role in Northeast agricultural production declined. It was overtaken by the rapid development of the Midwestern United States as the nation's breadbasket , as transportation to eastern markets and New York City

3050-479: The selectmen to go and map the land in return for 150 acres. Two weeks later he appeared before the board, demanding 300 acres instead. The selectmen agreed, provided that he provide a plot map of the land. Fisher's map and report were submitted to the General Court, and they agreed to give the land to Dedham provided that they settle the land and "maintain the ordinances of Christ there" within five years. Daniel Fisher and Eleazer Lusher were sent to purchase

3111-645: The southern part of town and over the Connecticut River at the Sunderland Bridge . All three routes historically crossed through the center of the village prior to the construction of I-91 but were rerouted to a more direct route, closer to the highway. A portion of the Springfield Terminal freight rail line passes through the town before branching off eastward and westward around Greenfield. The nearest Amtrak passenger service

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3172-660: The start of McDermott's tenure, circulation for the Union-News was 90,555. By September 2005, it had slipped by less than 5 percent to 86,359. With McDermott's retirement in December 2009, George Arwady became publisher of The Republican . He was previously publisher of The Newark Star-Ledger , where he had threatened to shut down that newspaper amid financial crises. In 2019, the New England Newspaper Association awarded The Republican

3233-515: The time the settlers arrived, as they had been victims of infectious diseases and war with the more powerful Mohawk . The settlers forcibly expelled the few Pocumtuck who remained; the Pocumtuck in turn sought French protection in Canada from the English colonists. At the Battle of Bloody Brook , on September 18, 1675, during King Philip's War , the dispossessed Indians destroyed a small force under

3294-488: The town. The population density was 158.2 inhabitants per square mile (61.1/km ). There were 2,181 housing units. The racial makeup of the town was 95 percent White , 0.8 percent African American , 0.1 percent Native American , 1.9 percent Asian , 0.5 percent from other races , and 1.8 percent from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.6 percent of the population. There were 2,053 households, out of which 26.3 percent had their own children under

3355-413: Was a reporter for The Republican in the 1930s. Novelist Tom Wolfe was a reporter for The Springfield Union in the late 1950s. The title "Ms." was first suggested by an anonymous 1901 letter to The Republican . The letter read, in part, "To call a maiden Mrs. is only a shade worse than to insult a matron with the inferior title Miss. Yet it is not always easy to know the facts... The abbreviation 'Ms.'

3416-417: Was an acquaintance of Emily Dickinson , and he published a handful of the very few poems by the poet printed in her lifetime, including "A narrow fellow in the grass" and "Safe in their alabaster chambers". Bowles was succeeded as publisher and editor-in-chief of the Republican by his son Samuel Bowles (b. 1851). Charles Dow , founder of Dow Jones and The Wall Street Journal , started his career as

3477-526: Was down to 9,388 in September 2024 – a tenth of where it stood a quarter of a century earlier. The newspaper marked its 200th anniversary on September 8, 2024. Cambridge History of English and American Literature (1921) in the public domain. Deerfield, Massachusetts Deerfield is a town in Franklin County, Massachusetts , United States. Settled near the Connecticut River in

3538-717: Was enhanced by construction of the Erie Canal and later railroads. During the Colonial Revival movement of the late nineteenth century, Deerfield citizens rediscovered the town's past. Residents founded the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association in 1870 and erected monuments to commemorate various events, including the Bloody Brook and 1704 attacks. In 1890 Charlotte Alice Baker returned to Deerfield to restore her family home,

3599-474: Was extended until within a few years its columns contained departments of items from every town and hamlet along the Connecticut Valley, as well as from Springfield. It achieved national renown in the 19th century under the tenure of Samuel Bowles III , a legacy that was passed to his son, Samuel Bowles IV, and grandson, Sherman Bowles. In 1854, the newspaper reportedly became the first to publish

3660-608: Was put into storage in 1894 and stayed there until 1920 when it was rescued by Inglis M. Uppercu and presented to the United States National Museum . The Duryea Motor Wagon remained in production until 1917. The Duryea brothers entered their horseless carriage in many shows and races. The Duryea Motor Wagon carriage won first place in the first-ever American automobile race, the Times-Herald race , in 1896. The Duryeas also won first and second place in

3721-464: Was the site of intertribal warfare and several Anglo-French and Indian skirmishes during its early history. At the time of the English colonists' arrival, the Deerfield area was inhabited by the Algonquian -speaking Pocumtuck nation, who settled a major village by the same name. After the "Praying Indians" were given 8,000 acres (32 km ) in what is today Natick , the General Court gave

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