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72-915: Near the coast, part of the river was once known as the Ponpon River. The Dawhoo River (sometimes Dawho, or Dawhoe) connects the Edisto to the North Edisto River, also the confluence of the Wadmalaw and the Toogoodoo rivers, where they meet the Atlantic Ocean. Between the coast and the Dawhoo River, the river is known as the South Edisto River. The Edisto system flows through only one major town or city, Orangeburg ,

144-523: A successful Dutch revolt against Spain, however with independence the new country became a decentralized republic rather than a unitary monarchy. In 1702, after William the Silent's great-grandson William III of England died without children, a dispute arose between his cousins, Johan Willem Friso and Frederick I of Prussia . In 1713, under the Treaty of Utrecht Frederick William I of Prussia ceded

216-567: A cadet branch of the ruling house of the county of Burgundy, the Anscarids or House of Ivrea . They married the heiress of Baux-Orange. Rene inherited the principality of Orange from his uncle Philbert on the condition that he bear the name and arms of the house of Chalon-Orange. Therefore, he is usually counted as one of the Chalon-Orange and history knows him as Rene of Chalon, rather than "of Nassau". William of Nassau inherited

288-640: A claim on the principality through the claims of the Orléans-Longueville via Alix of Chalon (see above). After his death in 1727 the principality was deemed merged in the Crown by 1731. After the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 ceded Orange to France, the following claimants came forward in official protests against the terms of the treaty: However, as the treaty considered Orange to now be conquered by and annexed to France, their protests were ignored. Because William III died without legitimate children,

360-407: A claim, albeit distant, to the principality itself due to John William Friso's descent from Louise de Coligny , who was a descendant of the original Princes of Orange. (Louise's great grandmother, Anne Pot, Countess of Saint-Pol, was a descendant of Tiburge d'Orange , who married into the des Baux family) They could also claim descent from the del Balzo, an Italian branch of the des Baux family, via

432-627: A grandson of Charles Martel and therefore a cousin of Charlemagne , around the year 800 for his services in the wars against the Moors and in the reconquest of southern France and the Spanish March . His Occitan name is Guilhem ; however, as a Frankish lord, he probably knew himself by the old Germanic version of Wilhelm . William also ruled as count of Toulouse , duke of Aquitaine, and marquis of Septimania . The horn that came to symbolize Orange when heraldry came in vogue much later in

504-543: A post here for fur trade with Native Americans. To encourage settlement, the General Assembly of the Province of South Carolina in 1730 organized the area as a township, naming it Orangeburg for William IV , Prince of Orange , the son-in-law of King George II of Great Britain . In 1735, a colony of 200 Swiss , German and Dutch immigrants formed a community near the banks of the North Edisto River. The site

576-499: A total area of 8.3 square miles (21.5 km ), of which 8.3 square miles (21.5 km ) is land and 0.12% is water. The climate in this area is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Orangeburg has a humid subtropical climate , abbreviated Cfa on climate maps. As of

648-485: Is styled His/Her Royal Highness the Prince(ss) of Orange (Dutch: Zijne/Hare Koninklijke Hoogheid de Prins(es) van Oranje ). During the 15th, 16th and 17th Centuries, the Prince(ss) of Orange was styled His/Her Highness the Prince(ss) of Orange (Dutch: Zijne/Hare Hoogheid de Prins(es) van Oranje ), except for William III, who rated the "Royal/Koninklijke". The princes of Orange in the 16th and 17th century used

720-601: Is commemorated annually by the Protestant Orange Order . William's mother, Mary , was the daughter of King Charles I of England and therefore a princess of England as well as Princess of Orange by marriage. William III and Mary II had no legitimate children. After William's death in 1702, his heir in the Netherlands was John William Friso of Nassau-Diez , who assumed the title, King William having bequeathed it to him by testament. The other contender

792-432: Is composed of a mayor and six members. The mayor is determined through a nonpartisan, at-large election for a four-year term of office while Council Members are chosen through nonpartisan, single-member district (SMD) elections. Council members are elected to staggered four-year terms of office. The City council is a legislative body, establishing policies with recommendations from the professional city administrator, who

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864-473: Is hired by the council. The city administrator acts as the chief administrator of the council's policies implemented through the administrative control of city departments given to him by ordinance. Mayor Council Members State Senators The following table shows Orangeburg's crime rate in 6 crimes that Morgan Quitno uses in its calculations for "America's most dangerous cities" rankings, in comparison to 10,000 people. The statistics provided are not for

936-649: Is the species most prized by anglers. The Edisto Riverkeeper is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization working to ensure equal access to drinkable, fishable, and swimmable water in the Edisto River basin and its surrounding aquifers and tributaries. As one of over 330 members of the Waterkeeper Alliance, Edisto Riverkeeper seeks to encourage balanced usage of the basin's water resources for residents, industry, and municipalities to utilize and enjoy through education, advocacy, and accountability. Friends of

1008-609: The 2020 United States census , there were 13,240 people, 4,455 households, and 2,283 families residing in the city. As of the census of 2010, there were 13,964 people, 4,512 households, and 2,526 families residing in the city. The population density was 1648.8 There were 5,168 housing units at an average density of 623.1 per square mile (240.6/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 75.04% African American , 19.2% White , 0.18% Native American , 1.74% Asian , 0.05% Pacific Islander , 0.79% from other races , and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of

1080-624: The Ashepoo and Combahee river basins. A major tributary is Four Holes Swamp , which is unique in that it has no single defined channel, but rather a network of braided channels. Common fish by biomass in the freshwater portions of the Edisto include spotted sucker ( Minytrema melanops ), bowfin ( Amia calva ), flat bullhead ( Ameiurus platycephalus ), largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ), longnose gar ( Lepisosteus osseus ), and American eel ( Anguilla rostrata ). Redbreast sunfish ( Lepomis auritus )

1152-477: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 . On February 8, 1968, after days of protests against a segregated bowling alley , violence broke out near the bowling alley as police attacked Black students from South Carolina State. Police opened fire on a crowd of students, killing Samuel Hammond, Henry Smith, and Delano Middleton, and wounding 27 others in what became known as the " Orangeburg Massacre ". In May 2000,

1224-825: The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). In August 1963, the Orangeburg Freedom Movement (OFM), chaired by Harlowe Caldwell of the NAACP , submitted 10 pro-integration demands to the Orangeburg Mayor and City Council. After negotiations failed, mass demonstrations similar to those in the Birmingham campaign in Alabama resulted in more than 1,300 arrests. Local efforts to end segregation in public places continued, particularly after Congress passed

1296-695: The Dutch Republic Lion with the billets of the Nassau arms and added a royal crown to form the Coat of arms of the Netherlands . In the 19th century, the Dutch Crown prince, who holds the title "Prince of Orange" ("Prins van Oranje"), and his son, who holds the title "Hereditary Prince of Orange" ("Erfprins van Oranje") had their own pre-defined arms. The House of Orange, now the Royal House of

1368-582: The National Register of Historic Places : Prince of Orange Prince of Orange (or Princess of Orange if the holder is female) is a title associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange , in what is now southern France and subsequently held by the stadtholders of, and then the heirs apparent of, the Netherlands . The title "Prince of Orange" was created in 1163 by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa , by elevating

1440-610: The county of Orange to a principality , in order to bolster his support in that area in his conflict with the Papacy . The title and land passed to the French noble houses of Baux , in 1173, and of Chalons , in 1393, before arriving with René of Nassau in 1530. The principality then passed to René's cousin, the German-born nobleman from then Spanish Netherlands , William (known as "the Silent"), in 1544. Subsequently, William led

1512-674: The 12th century represented a pun on William of Gellone 's name in French, from the character his deeds inspired in the chanson de geste , the Chanson de Guillaume : "Guillaume au Court-nez" (William the Short-Nosed) or its homophone "Guillaume au Cornet" (William the Horn). The chanson appears to incorporate material relating to William of Gellone's battle at the Orbieu or Orbiel river near Carcassonne in 793 as well as to his seizure of

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1584-840: The 1960s, Orangeburg was a major center of Civil Rights Movement activities by students from both Claflin College and South Carolina State College as well as black residents of the city. After the US Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) declaring segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional, local blacks sought integration of local schools in 1956. Whites retaliated economically, sometimes firing activists or evicting them from rental housing. College students came to their support with hunger strikes, boycotts, and mass marches. In 1960, over 400 students were arrested on sit-ins and integration marches organized by

1656-764: The 1st house. William the Silent (Willem I) was the first stadtholder of the Dutch Republic and the most significant representative of the House of Orange in the Netherlands. He was count of a portion of the German territory of Nassau and heir to some of his father's fiefs in Holland. William obtained more extensive lands in the Netherlands (the lordship of Breda and several other dependencies) as an inheritance from his cousin René of Châlon , Prince of Orange, when William

1728-484: The American Revolution, the character of the county changed dramatically. Invention by Eli Whitney of a mass-produced cotton gin for processing short-staple or "green seed" cotton made this type of cotton profitable. It was easily grown in the upland areas, and the county was rapidly developed into large cotton plantations. Agricultural labor was provided by enslaved African Americans , many brought into

1800-498: The Democrat-dominated state legislature; they were deprived of their ability to vote by South Carolina's disenfranchising constitution passed at the turn of the 20th century, which erected barriers to voter registration. In 1919 The Orangeburg Regional Medical Center opened. This area is also known for its extremely rich soil. Efforts by blacks to regain civil rights increased in the postwar period after World War II. In

1872-561: The Edisto, Inc. FRED, a non-profit organization, was established in 1998 to facilitate conservation of natural resources and to encourage and support sustainable economic development within the Edisto River Basin in South Carolina Edisto River Canoe and Kayak Trail "ERCK" is a group of volunteers committed to the preservation of the Edisto River, educating people on safe paddling, and emphasizing

1944-518: The Gardens. The site was first developed in the 1920s with some azaleas on 5 acres (20,000 m ) of land. A playground was added in 1922, and a greenhouse and nursery facility in 1947. To extend the season of beauty, the first rose garden was planted in 1951. Currently, there are more than 50 beds of roses ranging from miniatures from grandiflora to climbers on over 150 acres (0.61 km ) of land. The IP Stanback Museum & Planetarium , named for

2016-555: The King of Prussia to erect part of the duchy of Gelderland (the cities of Geldern, Straelen, and Wachtendonk with their bailiwicks, Krickenbeck, Viersen, the land of Kessel, and the lordships of Afferden, Arcen-Velden-Lomm, Walbeck-Twisteden, Raay and Klein-Kevelaer, Well, Bergen, and Middelaar) into a new Principality of Orange . The kings of Prussia and the German emperors styled themselves Princes of Orange till 1918. An agnatic relative of William III, John William Friso of Nassau , who

2088-513: The Netherlands , the title has been traditionally borne by the heir apparent of the Dutch monarch . Although originally only borne by men, since 1983 the title descends via absolute primogeniture , which means that the holder can be either Prince or Princess of Orange. The current Dutch royal dynasty, the House of Orange-Nassau , is not the only family to claim the dynastical title . Rival claims to

2160-452: The Netherlands in 1795, but on their return, the Prince of Orange became the first sovereign of the Netherlands in 1813. After the establishment of the current Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815, the title was partly reconstitutionalized by legislation and granted to the eldest son of King William I of the Netherlands, Prince William, who later became William II of the Netherlands. Since 1983,

2232-453: The Netherlands, and their descendants the House of Orange-Nassau, kept this title for their family. Wilhelmina further decreed that in perpetuity her descendants should be styled "princes and princesses of Orange-Nassau" and that the name of the house would be "Orange-Nassau" (in Dutch "Oranje-Nassau"). Since then, individual members of the House of Orange-Nassau are also given their own arms by

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2304-633: The Principality of Orange to King Louis XIV of France (while retaining the title as part of his dynastic titulature). In 1732, under the Treaty of Partition, Friso's son, William IV agreed to share use of the title "Prince of Orange" (which had accumulated prestige in the Netherlands and throughout the Protestant world) with Frederick William. With the 19th century emergence of the Kingdom of

2376-669: The Silent wrote in his marriage proposal to the uncle of his second wife, the Elector August of Saxony , he held Orange as "my own free property", not as a fief of any suzerain ; neither the Pope, nor the Kings of Spain or France. That historical position of honor and reputation would later drive William the Silent forward, as much as it also fueled the opposition of his great grandson William III to Louis XIV , when that king invaded and occupied Orange. The last direct descendant of

2448-688: The actual number of crimes committed, but for the number of crimes committed per capita. Orangeburg has a public library , a branch of the Orangeburg County Library. The Times and Democrat serves as the daily newspaper for the Orangeburg area. The Edisto Memorial Gardens displays past and current award-winning roses from the All-American Rose Selections. Some 4,000 plants representing at least 75 labeled varieties of roses are always on display in

2520-550: The area in a forced migration from the coastal areas or the Upper South via the domestic slave trade. Slaves became the majority of population in the county and city. Freed after the Civil War, blacks began to gain educations, and two colleges were established in the city, the second designated as a land grant institution for all black students in the state under segregation. Blacks were also subject to Jim Crow laws passed by

2592-404: The average family size was 2.88. In the city, the population was spread out, with 17.7% under the age of 18, 28.6% from 18 to 24, 21.0% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 76.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.0 males. The median income for a household in the city

2664-541: The basis that Orange was an independent state whose sovereign had the right to assign his succession according to his will. France never recognized any of this, nor allowed the Orange-Nassaus or the Hohenzollerns to obtain anything of the principality itself. The Oranje-Nassaus nevertheless assumed the title and also erected several of their lordships into a new principality of Orange. From that derivation of

2736-1166: The city created the Orangeburg County Community of Character initiative. It is a collaborative effort in community development by the Downtown Orangeburg Revitalization Association (DORA), The Times and Democrat newspaper, the Orangeburg County Chamber of Commerce, and the Orangeburg County Development Commission. In 2005, the National Civic League awarded Orangeburg County the All-America City Award which recognizes and encourages civic excellence. It honors communities in which citizens, government, businesses, and non-profit organizations demonstrate successful resolution of critical community issues. In 2007, Orangeburg hosted

2808-452: The claimants of Orange until their extinction in male line in 1694 (see Famille d'Orléans-Longueville ). When William the Silent of Nassau succeeded as prince of Orange, the Orléans-Longueville protested and obtained court decisions in their favor in France. However, as Orange was a sovereign state and not part of France, the courts' decisions were not enforceable and left the principality in

2880-409: The enjoyment of paddling. All instructors are American Canoe Association certified. In late August and early September 1718 pirate captains Charles Yeats and Charles Vane were anchored off Sullivan's Island , capturing ships as they left Charles Town harbor. After a number of disagreements Yeats fled from Vane, sailing up the Edisto River for shelter; Vane tried to pursue him but broke off. Yeats

2952-454: The first African-American chairman of the university's board of trustees, Israel Pinkney Stanback, had its origin in the basement of the then South Carolina State College's library in the early 1970s. The Museum and Planetarium is located on the campus of South Carolina State University and signifies their commitment to community service. The Museum's exhibition area is one of the largest in the state. Its forty-foot planetarium dome, located across

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3024-543: The first Democratic U.S. presidential candidate debate of the campaign season at Martin Luther King Jr. Auditorium on the campus of South Carolina State University ; future president Barack Obama was one of the debaters. In 2021, President Joe Biden visited Orangeburg to deliver a commencement address at South Carolina State. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has

3096-535: The following sets of arms. On becoming Prince of Orange, William placed the Châlon-Arlay arms in the center ("as an inescutcheon") of his father's arms. He used these arms until 1582 when he purchased the marquisate of Veere and Vlissingen. He then used the arms attributed to Frederick Henry, etc. with the arms of the marquisate in the top center, and the arms of the county of Buren in the bottom center. Their growing complexity shows how arms are used to reflect

3168-423: The foyer adjacent to the galleries, has an auditorium capacity of eighty-two seats and a Minolta IIB Planetarium Projector. The building is easily accessible to the handicapped and is a uniquely adaptable facility, capable of hosting many different types of presentations. The Orangeburg Festival of Roses began as a vision held by a group of citizens seeking a way to enhance the development of Orangeburg and improve

3240-536: The growing political position and royal aspirations of the house of Orange-Nassau . When William VI of Orange returned to the Netherlands in 1813 and was proclaimed Sovereign Prince of the Netherlands, he quartered the former Arms of the Dutch Republic (1st and 4th quarter) with the "Châlon-Orange" arms (2nd and 3rd quarter), which had come to symbolize Orange. As an in escutcheon he placed his ancestral arms of Nassau. When he became King in 1815, he combined

3312-502: The hands of the Nassau-Orange family. In 1673, Louis XIV of France annexed all territory of the principality to France and to the royal domain, as part of the war actions against the stadtholder William III of Orange — who later became King William III of Great Britain . Orange ceased to exist as a sovereign realm, de facto . Louis then bestowed the titular princedom on Louis Charles de Mailly , marquis de Nesle, whose wife

3384-457: The heir to the Dutch throne, whether male or female, bears the title Prince or Princess of Orange. The first-born child of the heir to the Dutch throne bears the title Hereditary Prince(ss) of Orange. When her father Willem-Alexander became King of the Netherlands following the abdication of Queen Beatrix , Princess Catharina-Amalia became the Princess of Orange. The Prince(ss) of Orange

3456-554: The location of Edisto Gardens (on the North Fork). The river system, being blackwater throughout its entire length, flows through highly intermittent bottom swampland. During an excessively rainy season, the river will leave its main channel, with its flow basin increasing to over a mile or more of total width. The lower Edisto basin forms a crucial part of the ACE Basin , an area that encompasses its bottomlands confluence with

3528-430: The marriage of Princess Anne to William IV, Prince of Orange . Anne was the eldest daughter of George II of Great Britain , who was a descendant of Elizabeth Woodville , wife of Edward IV of England . Elizabeth Woodville's grandmother was Margherita del Balzo , another descendant of Tiburge d'Orange. They also claimed on the basis of the testaments of Philip William, Maurice, and William III. Finally, they claimed on

3600-459: The original princes, René of Chalon , exercised his sovereign right and left the principality to his cousin William the Silent , who was not a descendant of the original Orange family but the heir to the principality of Orange by testament. This was, however, against the inheritance pattern enacted by the last will of Mary of Baux-Orange , the Princess of Orange from the House of Baux who brought

3672-407: The population. There were 4,421 households, out of which 18.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.5% were married couples living together, 18.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.0% were non-families. 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and

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3744-617: The principality into the Chalons family and through to whom Prince René derived his own inheritance right (see Genealogy of the House of Orange-Chalon ). In this way, Rene transmitted his property to his nearest relative, rather than go back several generations to transmit it to now distant cousins. Those now distant cousins were the descendants of Alix de Chalon. Marie des Baux-Orange had stipulated in her will that if her son Louis did not inherit Orange, her daughter Alix and her descendants should. Guillaume de Vienne, seigneur de Saint-Georges,

3816-577: The principality of Orange from his cousin René. Although William descended from no previous Prince of Orange, as René had no children or siblings, he exercised his right as sovereign prince to will Orange to his first cousin on his father's side, who actually had no Orange blood. This began the Dutch Royal House of Orange-Nassau . The 2nd house of Orange-Nassau (see House of Orange-Nassau family tree ) were cousins on their father and mother's side of

3888-434: The principality was regarded as having been inherited by his closest cognate relative on the basis of the testament of Frederic-Henry, Frederick I of Prussia , who ceded the principality — at least the lands, but not the formal title — to France in 1713. France supported his claim. In this way, the territory of the principality lost its feudal and secular privileges and became a part of France. The Treaty of Utrecht allowed

3960-501: The quality of life for its residents. As a result of that vision, the first festival was held in 1972. The Greater Orangeburg Chamber of Commerce was the sole sponsor of that first festival. At present the City of Orangeburg and the Orangeburg County Chamber of Commerce are co-sponsors of the event. The festival includes such events as a river race, a basscatcher tournament, the Princess of Roses pageant, and various sports tournaments. During

4032-594: The reigning monarch, similar to the United Kingdom. This is usually the royal arms, quartered with the arms of the principality of Orange, and an in escutcheon of their paternal arms. As a former territory of the Holy Roman Empire, the princes of Orange used an independent prince's crown. Sometimes, only the coronet part was used ( see , here and here ). After the establishment of the Kingdom of

4104-416: The title comes the tradition of the House of Orange-Nassau (originally Nassau-Dietz), the later stadtholders of the Netherlands, and the present-day royal family of the Netherlands, of holding this title. They maintain the tradition of William the Silent and the House of Orange-Nassau. There are two other claimants to this title: Until 1340, it was customary for all sons of the prince of Orange to inherit

4176-413: The title have been made by German emperors and kings of the House of Hohenzollern and by the head of the French noble family of Mailly. The current users of the title are Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands (Orange-Nassau), Georg Friedrich (of Hohenzollern), and Guy (of Mailly-Nesle). The title referred to Orange in the Vaucluse department in the Rhône valley of southern France , which

4248-400: The title. Only the direct line of descent to Raimond V is shown here. The house of Baux succeeded to the principality of Orange when Bertrand of Baux married the heiress of the last native count of Orange, Tiburge , daughter of William of Orange , Omelaz, and Montpellier. Their son was William I of Baux -Orange. Bertrand was the son of Raymond of Baux and Stephanie of Gevaudan. Stephanie

4320-436: The town of Orange . As the kingdom of Burgundy fragmented in the early Middle Ages, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa elevated the lordship of Orange to a principality in 1163 to shore up his supporters in Burgundy against the Pope and the King of France. As the Empire's boundaries retreated from those of the principality, the prince acceded to the sovereign rights that the Emperor formerly exercised. As William

4392-412: The winter in Orangeburg, more festivities get under way when raccoon hunters from throughout the Southeast gather for the Grand American Coon Hunt . Also on the "Top Twenty" list, the hunt, which takes place each year in early January, in the largest field trial for coon dogs in the United States and is a qualifying event for the World Coon Hunt. The following notable buildings and districts are listed on

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4464-416: Was $ 30,306, and the median income for a family was $ 37,008. Males had a median income of $ 30,310 versus $ 21,935 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,263. About 17.9% of families and 24.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 34.7% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over. The city operates under the council-manager form of government. The governing body

4536-474: Was a direct descendant, and heiress-general by primogeniture, of the original princes of Orange, After the marquise (who died in 1713), the next holder was Louis of Mailly-Nesle  [ fr ] , marquis de Nesle (1689–1764). Although no longer descended from Louis-Charles, a branch of the Mailly family still claim the title today. In 1714 Louis XIV bestowed the usufruct of the principality on his kinsman, Louis Armand of Bourbon, Prince de Conti, who had

4608-429: Was a property of the House of Orange , then of the House of Baux and the House of Chalon-Arlay before passing in 1544 to the Dillenburg branch of the House of Nassau , which since then is known as the House of Orange-Nassau . The Principality originated as the County of Orange , a fief in the Holy Roman Empire , in the Empire's constituent Kingdom of Burgundy . It was awarded to William of Gellone (born 755),

4680-403: Was also cognatically descended from William the Silent , was designated the heir to the Princes of Orange in the Netherlands by the last will of William III. Several of his descendants became stadtholders. They claim the principality of Orange on the basis of agnatic inheritance, similar to that of William the Silent, who had inherited Orange from his cousin René of Chalon. They did however have

4752-399: Was attractive because of the fertile soil and the abundance of wildlife. The river provided the all-important transportation waterway to the port of Charleston on the Atlantic coast for the area's agriculture and lumber products, and for shipping goods upriver. The town soon became a well-established and successful colony, composed chiefly of small yeomen farmers. Orangeburg's first church

4824-471: Was established by a German Lutheran congregation. It later identified as an Anglican Church , which was the established church and exempt from colonial taxation. The church building was erected prior to 1763 in the center of the village; it was destroyed by fighting during the Revolutionary War . A new church was built; during the Civil War , it was used as a smallpox hospital by General William Tecumseh Sherman on his march through with Union forces. After

4896-456: Was only 11 years old. After William's assassination in 1584, the title passed to his son Philip William (who had been held hostage in Spain until 1596), and after his death in 1618, to his second son Maurice , and finally to his youngest son, Frederick Henry . The title of Prince of Orange became associated with the stadtholder of the Netherlands. William III (Willem III) was also King of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his legacy

4968-444: Was the King in Prussia , who based his claim to the title on the will of Frederick Henry, William III's grandfather. Eventually, a compromise was reached by which both families were entitled to bear the title of Prince of Orange. By then, it was no more than a title because the principality had been annexed by Louis XIV of France . Friso's line held it as their principal title during the 18th century. The French army expelled them from

5040-417: Was the husband of Alix. They had a daughter Marguerite, who married in 1449 Rudolf of Baden-Hochberg , lord of Neuchâtel and Rothelin (1427–87). Their son was Philip (d. 1503). His only child who reached maturity was Johanna (d. 1543). She married in 1504 Louis I of Orléans , duc de Longueville (1450–1516). Through this marriage, the Orléans-Longueville, an illegitimate branch of the house of Valois, were

5112-418: Was the younger daughter of Gerberga , the heiress of the counts of Provence. For a genealogical table, see the reference cited: Bertrand I used as Prince of Orange the coat of arms of the House of Baux : a 16-pointed white star placed on a field of gules . Later on, the Princes of Orange quartered the legendary bugle-horn as a heraldic figure into their coat of arms. The lords of Chalons and Arlay were

5184-797: Was ultimately pardoned: Orangeburg, South Carolina Orangeburg , also known as The Burg , is the principal city in and the county seat of Orangeburg County , South Carolina , United States. The population of the city was 13,964 according to the 2020 census . The city is located 37 miles southeast of Columbia , on the north fork of the Edisto River . Two historically black institutions of higher education are located in Orangeburg: Claflin University (a liberal arts college ) and South Carolina State University (a public university). European settlement in this area started in 1704 when George Sterling set up

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