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58-504: Ergenzingen is located 12 km (7.45 mi) western from Rottenburg am Neckar , 11 km (6.83 mi) southeastern from Nagold and 13 km (8.07 mi) northeastern from Horb am Neckar . The elevation is 436 to 499 m. The territory of the district is 1004 hectares . Thereof fall 70.4% upon agriculturally used area, 11% upon forest area, 18.3% upon settlement area and roads and 0.3% upon other. The population of Ergenzingen counts 4166 people (31/01/08) . So Ergenzingen

116-593: A pectoral cross and episcopal ring . The 1969 Instruction on the dress of prelates stated that the dress for ordinary use may instead be a simple cassock without coloured trim. Since 1969, a black suit and clerical shirt, already customary in English-speaking countries, has become very common also in countries where previously it was unknown. A Latin Church bishop's choir dress , which is worn when attending but not celebrating liturgical functions, consists of

174-552: A bishop or other ordinary may grant nihil obstats for theological books, certifying that they are free from doctrinal or moral error; this is an expression of the teaching authority, and education responsibility of the bishop. Prior to the Second Vatican Council , it was also the prerogative of the bishop to consecrate the paten and chalice that would be used during the Mass. One of the changes implemented since

232-593: A competent authority. In the Latin branch of the Catholic Church, the teaching is that it is the couple themselves who administer the graces of the sacrament; thus, although it is normally an ordained person who officiates at a marriage ceremony, a bishop may delegate a lay person to be present for the exchange of vows; this would be done only in extreme cases such as in mission territories. In the Eastern tradition,

290-432: A district town ( Große Kreisstadt ). Rottenburg agreed to an administrative collective with the municipalities of Hirrlingen , Neustetten and Starzach . Rottenburg is the seat of a Roman Catholic bishop, being the official centre of the diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart . Moreover, it has a college of church music and a university of applied sciences (German Fachhochschule ), specialising in forestry . Rottenburg

348-644: A medieval pietà and a very fine rendition of the Virgin swooning during the Deposition of Christ from the cross. A more modern landmark is the Eckenweiler Water Tower. Built of reinforced concrete in the 1970s, its unusual design, a cube supported by a rectangular column, is notable. Rottenburg am Neckar is twinned with: The town of Rottenburg am Neckar and respectively the former municipalities, which have been incorporated, have awarded

406-500: A new pope, who is in practice always one of their number, on the death or resignation of the incumbent. Cardinals also serve as papal advisors and hold positions of authority within the structure of the Catholic Church. Under canon law, a man appointed a cardinal must normally be a/an (arch)bishop, or accept consecration of it, but may seek papal permission to decline. Most cardinals are already archbishops of important archdioceses or patriarchates, others already serving as titular bishops in

464-767: A priest, to perform the ceremony. On Holy Thursday Latin Catholic bishops preside over the Mass of the Chrism . Though Oil of the Sick for the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick is blessed at this Mass, it may also be blessed by any priest in case of necessity. Only a bishop may consecrate Chrism. In the Eastern Catholic Churches chrism is consecrated solely by heads of churches sui juris (patriarchs and metropolitans) and diocesan bishops may not do so. Only

522-467: A special chair, called a cathedra , sometimes referred to as a throne , set aside in the sanctuary for the exclusive use of its Ordinary; it symbolizes his spiritual and ecclesiastical authority. Bishops may fill additional roles in the Catholic Church, including the following: A priest who has been appointed as bishop or a diocesan bishop appointed as archbishop, but before assuming office or installation . A titular bishop (or titular archbishop)

580-462: A titular see). Since 1970, a coadjutor bishop (or archbishop) uses the title of the see he is assigned to, and a bishop (or archbishop) emeritus uses the title of his last residential see. A suffragan bishop leads a diocese within an ecclesiastical province other than the principal diocese, the metropolitan archdiocese . An auxiliary bishop is a full-time assistant to a diocesan bishop or archbishop. Auxiliaries are titular (arch)bishops without

638-524: Is a medium-sized town in the administrative district ( Landkreis ) of Tübingen in Baden-Württemberg , Germany . It lies about 50 kilometres (31 miles) southwest of the provincial capital Stuttgart and about 12 km (7 mi) southwest of the district town Tübingen. Rottenburg is the second-largest town of the district after Tübingen and makes up a secondary centre for the surrounding community. Since 1 May 1972, Rottenburg am Neckar has been

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696-770: Is a/an (arch)bishop who is not (arch)bishop of a/an (arch)diocese; unless (since 1970) he is coadjutor or emeritus, he is assigned to a titular see , which is usually the name of a city or area that used to be the seat of a diocese, but whose episcopal see (diocese) is no longer functioning as such. Titular (arch)bishops often serve as auxiliary bishops , as officials in the Roman Curia , in the Patriarchal Curias of Eastern Churches, as papal diplomatic envoys (notably apostolic nuncios or apostolic delegates ), or head certain missionary pre-diocesan jurisdictions (notably as apostolic vicar , which as of 2019 no longer gets

754-648: Is an honorific title above archbishop given to some Latin dioceses for historical reasons. Some Eastern Catholic Churches style their heads as catholicoi , a historic title for the head of a Church. The Armenian Catholic Church , the Chaldean Catholic Church , and the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church all style their heads as such. Major archbishops are the heads of a major archiepiscopal church . The major archbishops' authority within their respective sui juris churches

812-409: Is divided into a town core and seventeen (suburban) districts. Suburban districts of Rottenburg: Bad Niedernau , Baisingen , Bieringen , Dettingen , Eckenweiler , Ergenzingen , Frommenhausen , Hailfingen , Hemmendorf , Kiebingen , Obernau , Oberndorf , Schwalldorf , Seebronn , Weiler , Wendelsheim and Wurmlingen . Rottenburg was founded as a Roman town, Sumelocenna , probably around

870-512: Is equal to that of a patriarch, but they receive fewer ceremonial honors and their election must be confirmed by the Holy See. In the Catholic Church, a primate is usually the bishop of the oldest diocese and/or the capital of a (present or former) nation ; the title is one of honor. Since the publication of the new Code of Canon Law in 1983 by Pope John Paul II , all members of the Catholic clergy are forbidden to hold public office without

928-414: Is given the honorary title of " emeritus " of the last see he served, i.e., archbishop emeritus, bishop emeritus, or auxiliary bishop emeritus of the see. "Emeritus" is not used for a titular see, but could be used for a/an (arch)bishop who has transferred to a non-(arch)diocesan appointment without actually being retired. Examples: Archbishop (or Bishop) Emeritus of Place". Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle , who

986-473: Is known among Anabaptists as the place of death for Michael Sattler , a former monk who was involved in missionary activities in the Rottenburg and Horb am Neckar region. Sattler was burned at the stake on "Gallows Hill" on 20 May 1527. Dom St. Martin has been the town's cathedral since 1821. Its tower, dating from 1486, is its most prominent feature. Spanning various architectural periods,

1044-399: Is obliged to celebrate Mass every Sunday and Holy Day of Obligation with the intention of praying for those in his care, assign clergy to their posts in various institutions and oversee finances. A bishop is to have a special concern for priests, listening to them, using them as counsellors, ensuring that they are adequately provided for in every way, and defending their rights set forth in

1102-454: Is seen as a means of providing for continuity of church leadership. Until recent times, there was the possibility of a coadjutor bishop not having the right of succession. A bishop who holds an office that does not require episcopal ordination, notably either the Prelate of a personal prelature or a territorial prelature. When a diocesan bishop, archbishop, or auxiliary bishop retires, he

1160-402: Is the largest district of Rottenburg. At an area of 10.04 km (3.9 sq mi) this corresponds to a population density of 415 people per km, or 1,075 per sq mi. The population of the village is predominantly Roman Catholic. Rottenburg am Neckar Rottenburg am Neckar ( German: [ˈʁɔtn̩bʊʁk ʔam ˈnɛkaʁ] ; until 10 July 1964 only Rottenburg ; Swabian : Raodaburg )

1218-652: The Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches requires that a candidate for the Eastern episcopacy should (canon 378 § 1 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law states almost the same requirements): The traditional role of a bishop is to act as head of a diocese or eparchy. Dioceses vary considerably in geographical size and population. A wide variety of dioceses around the Mediterranean Sea which received

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1276-454: The Code of Canon Law . Latin Catholic bishops also must make regular ad limina visits to the Holy See every five years. Because of their function as teachers of the faith, it is customary in some English-speaking countries to add to the names of bishops the postnominal title of "D.D." ( Doctor of Divinity ) and to refer to and address them as "Doctor". Only a bishop has authority to confer

1334-555: The Latin Church 's new 1983 Code of Canon Law . Article 401.1 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law states that "A diocesan Bishop who has completed his seventy-fifth year of age is requested to offer his resignation from office to the Supreme Pontiff , who, taking all the circumstances into account, will make provision accordingly". On 15 February 2018, Pope Francis established the same rule for non-cardinal bishops serving in

1392-407: The Roman Curia , who had previously lost their positions automatically at 75. A "diocesan bishop" is entrusted with the care of a local Church ( diocese ). He is responsible for teaching, governing, and sanctifying the faithful of his diocese, sharing these duties with the priests and deacons who serve under him. To "teach, sanctify and govern" means that he must (1) oversee preaching of

1450-437: The Second Vatican Council of 1965 diocesan bishops and their equals "who have become less capable of fulfilling their duties properly because of the increasing burden of age or some other serious reason, are earnestly requested to offer their resignation from office either at their own initiative or upon the invitation of the competent authority." The age of 75 was suggested, and John Paul II had these provisions incorporated in

1508-545: The Stiftskirche St. Moriz incorporates a Gothic core with elements from an earlier church and a later Baroque hall church. The Gothic feel is what persists, from 14th- and 15th-century frescoes on the pillars to the 15th-century painting of the Four Evangelists on the ceiling in the choir. In the north aisle stands an ornamented column depicting various princes, donated in 1470 by Archduchess Mechthild ,

1566-562: The apostles , who it is believed were endowed with a special charism and office by the Holy Spirit at Pentecost . Catholics believe this special charism and office has been transmitted through an unbroken succession of bishops by the laying on of hands in the sacrament of holy orders. Diocesan bishops —known as eparchial bishops in the Eastern Catholic Churches —are assigned to govern local regions within

1624-432: The cope . Within his own diocese and when celebrating solemnly elsewhere with the consent of the local ordinary , he also uses the crosier . When celebrating Mass , a bishop, like a priest , wears the chasuble . The Caeremoniale Episcoporum recommends, but does not impose, that in solemn celebrations a bishop should also wear a dalmatic , which can always be white, beneath the chasuble, especially when administering

1682-546: The sacrament of holy orders. In the Latin Church the minor orders were abolished after the Second Vatican Council. In Eastern Catholic Churches, a monastic archimandrite may tonsure and institute his subjects to minor orders; however, the tonsure and minor orders are not considered to be part of the sacrament of holy orders. The sacrament of Confirmation is normally administered by a bishop in

1740-483: The Catholic Church known as dioceses in the Latin Church and eparchies in the Eastern Churches. Bishops are collectively known as the College of Bishops and can hold such additional titles as archbishop , cardinal , patriarch , or pope . As of 2020, there were approximately 5,600 living bishops total in the Latin and Eastern churches of the Catholic Church. Bishops are always men. In addition, canon 180 of

1798-535: The Christian faith early are rather compact in size, while those in areas more recently evangelized, as in some parts of Sub-Saharan Africa , South America and the Far East , tend to be much larger and more populous. Within his own diocese a Latin Church bishop may use pontifical vestments and regalia, but may not do so in another diocese without, at least, the presumed consent of the appropriate ordinary. Since

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1856-543: The Churches of the East, while remembering the necessary unity of the whole Church, have the power to govern themselves according to the disciplines proper to them, since these are better suited to the character of their faithful, and more for the good of their souls. The everyday dress of Latin Church bishops may consist of a black (or, in tropical countries, white) cassock with amaranth trim and purple fascia , along with

1914-540: The College of Bishops as a group is the successor of the College of Apostles. The Church also holds that uniquely among the apostles , Saint Peter , the first Bishop of Rome, was granted a role of leadership and authority, giving the pope the right to govern the Church together with the bishops. Hence, the Church holds that the Bishop of Rome, as successor of Peter, possesses the role, uniquely among bishops, of speaking for

1972-457: The Gospel and Catholic education in all its forms; (2) oversee and provide for the administration of the sacraments; and (3) legislate, administer and act as judge for canon-law matters within his diocese. He serves as the "chief shepherd " (spiritual leader) of the diocese and has responsibility for the pastoral care of all Catholics living within his ecclesiastical and ritual jurisdiction. He

2030-505: The Latin Church, but a bishop may delegate the administration to a priest. In the case of receiving an adult into full communion with the Catholic Church the presiding priest will administer Confirmation. In the Eastern Catholic Churches, Confirmation (called Chrismation ) is normally administered by priests as it is given at the same time as baptism . It is only within the power of the diocesan or eparchial bishop to bless churches and altars , although he may delegate another bishop, or even

2088-599: The Roman Curia. Recent popes have appointed a few priests, most of them renowned theologians, to the College of Cardinals, and these have been permitted to decline episcopal consecration. Examples include Karl Becker in 2012 and Ernest Simoni in 2016. An archbishop is the head of an archdiocese, or a bishop assigned a titular see which is an archdiocese. A metropolitan is an archbishop with minor jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province ; in practice this amounts to presiding at meetings and overseeing dioceses within

2146-453: The age of 75. On 31 October 1970, Pope Paul VI decreed that "diocesan bishops or archbishops of the Latin rite who resign are no longer transferred to a titular church, but instead continue to be identified by the name of the see they have resigned." A cardinal is a bishop or archbishop appointed by the Pope to serve in the College of Cardinals . Members of the College aged under 80 elect

2204-550: The bishop is kept on the altar partly as a reminder of whose altar it is and under whose omophorion the priest at a local parish is serving. For priests to validly celebrate the sacrament of Penance they must have faculties (permission and authority) from the local bishop; however, when the penitent is in danger of death, a priest has both the right and obligation to hear the confession no matter where he may be. To preside at matrimony ceremonies, Latin Church priests and deacons must have appropriate jurisdiction or delegation from

2262-597: The bull Apostolicae curae , the Catholic Church has not recognised Anglican orders as valid, because of changes in the ordination rites that took place in the 16th century as well as divergence in the understanding of the theology of episcopacy and Eucharist. However, this view has since been complicated because Old Catholic bishops, whose orders are fully recognised as valid by Rome, have acted as co-consecrators in Anglican episcopal consecrations. According to

2320-629: The church historian Timothy Dufort, by 1969 all Church of England bishops had acquired Old Catholic lines of apostolic succession fully recognised by the Holy See. The Catholic Church does recognize, as valid but illicit , ordinations done by some independent Catholic groups such as the Old Catholic Church of the Utrecht Union and the Polish National Catholic Church , so long as those receiving

2378-414: The clergy not only witness the exchange of vows but must impart a blessing for a valid marriage to have taken place. Unless a particular bishop has forbidden it, any bishop may preach throughout the Catholic Church and any priest or deacon may also preach anywhere (presuming the permission of local pastor) unless his faculty to preach has been restricted or removed. The cathedral of a diocese contains

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2436-445: The council, is that a simple blessing is now said, and it may be given by any priest. In both Western and Eastern Catholic churches, any priest can celebrate the Mass or Divine Liturgy . In order to offer Mass or Divine Liturgy publicly, however, a priest is required to have permission from the local Ordinary—authority for this permission may be given to pastors of parishes for a limited period, but for long-term permission recourse to

2494-429: The diocesan bishop is usually required. A celebret may be issued to travelling priests so that they can demonstrate to pastors and bishops outside of their own diocese that they are in good standing. However, even if a priest does not possess such a document, he may celebrate the sacraments if the local bishop or pastor judges that the visiting priest is a person of good character. In the East an antimension signed by

2552-546: The early Middle Ages , Alemannic people founded their settlement in the vicinity of the ruins of Roman Sumelocenna. An alternative etymology of Rottenburg as "red borough" is also considered possible, however. In the Middle Ages, the town was first governed by the counts of Hohenberg , who, however, were forced to sell it to the Habsburg dynasty in 1381. Rottenburg remained a part of Further Austria until 1805, when it

2610-487: The express permission of the Holy See . The appointment of bishops in the Catholic Church is a complicated process that requires the participation of several officials. In the Latin Church, the local synod, the papal nuncio (or apostolic delegate), various dicasteries of the Roman Curia, and the Pope all take a part; since the 1970s it has become common practice for the nuncio to solicit input from clergy and laity within

2668-399: The honorary citizenship to the following persons: Catholic bishop In the Catholic Church , a bishop is an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the sacrament of holy orders and is responsible for teaching doctrine, governing Catholics in his jurisdiction , sanctifying the world and representing the Church. Catholics trace the origins of the office of bishop to

2726-524: The ordination are baptized males and a valid rite of episcopal consecration—expressing the proper functions and sacramental status of a bishop—is used. The Holy See also recognises as valid the ordinations of the Eastern Orthodox , Old Catholic , Oriental Orthodox and Assyrian Nestorian churches. Regarding the Churches of the East, the Second Vatican Council stated: To remove, then, all shadow of doubt, this holy Council solemnly declares that

2784-445: The province. In Eastern Catholicism a metropolitan may also be the head of an autocephalous , sui juris , or autonomous church when the number of adherents of that tradition is small. In the Latin Church, metropolitans are always archbishops; in many Eastern churches, the title is "Metropolitan," with some of these churches using "archbishop" as a separate office. The pope is the Bishop of Rome . The Catholic Church holds that

2842-417: The purple cassock with amaranth trim, rochet , purple zucchetto , purple biretta with a tuft, and pectoral cross . The cappa magna may be worn, but only within the bishop's own diocese and on especially solemn occasions. The mitre , zucchetto , and stole are generally worn by bishops when presiding over liturgical functions. For liturgical functions other than the Mass the bishop typically wears

2900-451: The right of succession, who assist the diocesan bishop or archbishop in a variety of ways and are usually appointed as vicars general or episcopal vicars of the (arch)diocese in which they serve. A coadjutor bishop is a/an (arch)bishop who is given almost equal authority to that of the diocesan bishop or archbishop; he has special faculties and the right to succeed the incumbent diocesan bishop or archbishop. The appointment of coadjutors

2958-551: The sacrament of holy orders , blessing an abbot or abbess, and dedicating a church or an altar. The Caeremoniale Episcoporum no longer makes mention of pontifical gloves , pontifical sandals , liturgical stockings (also known as buskins ), the maniple , or the accoutrements that it once prescribed for the bishop's horse. The everyday dress of Eastern Catholic bishops is often the same as their Latin Church counterparts: black clerical suit with pectoral cross or panagia . Traditionally, bishops are monks and so their everyday dress

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3016-472: The title to date, he held the title until his death on December 31, 2022. The title of patriarch in the Catholic Church is applied to either the patriarch of an Eastern Church sui iuris or to a minor Latin patriarch. The patriarch of an Eastern Church sui iuris heads an autonomous Church, is elected by the synod of that Church, and exercises authority within his patriarchal territory and on eparchies and parishes outside his territory. A minor Latin patriarch

3074-416: The vacant diocese. In patriarchal and major archiepiscopal Eastern Churches, the permanent synod, the holy synod, and the patriarch or major archbishop also play a role in the selection of bishops. The Catholic Church has always taught that bishops are descended from a continuous line of bishops since the days of the apostles , which is known as apostolic succession . Since 1896, when Pope Leo XIII issued

3132-491: The whole Church, appointing other bishops, and managing the Church's central administration, the Roman Curia . Papal pronouncements which meet the requirements of the decree on papal infallibility of the First Vatican Council are infallible. On his resignation as pope (Bishop of Rome) on 28 February 2013, Benedict XVI became Supreme Pontiff Emeritus (or, colloquially, Pope Emeritus). The sole holder of

3190-565: The wife of Ludwig I and mother of Eberhard I . A copy also stands in the town's Marktplatz . There are two museums in town, the Sülchgau Museum , specialising in pre- and early history and Roman influences on the area, and the diocesan museum, focusing on ecclesiastical art, painting and sculpture. In nearby Weggental is the pilgrimage church of Wallfahrtskirche St. Maria , rebuilt in 1682–1695 in Baroque style, but containing

3248-549: The year AD98, and was one of the most important Roman towns in the southwest of Germany. It had a line of walls built to defend it from the attacks of the Alamanni , who nevertheless destroyed it in 259-260. The name Rottenburg is thought to derive from a Germanic root that is also present in the English word "rotten", in an older meaning of "destroyed". According to this hypothesis, the town would have received its name when, in

3306-545: Was assigned to Württemberg in the Peace of Pressburg . Rottenburg became the seat of a Catholic bishop as late as 1821–1828, when, after the secularisation and the Napoleonic Wars , a reorganisation of Catholic life in southwest Germany had become necessary. It was then decided not to choose the more important nearby places of Stuttgart or Tübingen as a diocesan town, as these were firmly Protestant . Rottenburg

3364-567: Was promoted as prefect for the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples , became Archbishop Emeritus of Manila . Traditionally, (arch)bishops appointed ordinaries or auxiliaries served for life. When the rare resignation occurred, the bishop was assigned a titular see. The status of "emeritus" emerged after the Second Vatican Council when (arch)bishops were at first encouraged and then required to submit their resignations at

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