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121-538: Ethical Consumer was formed in Hulme , Manchester , UK, in 1989. Between 1989 and 2009 it was a worker co-operative , then in 2009 became a not-for-profit multi-stakeholder co-operative consisting of worker members and investor/subscriber members. It is an industrial and provident society . Ethical Consumer researches the social, ethical and environmental records of companies, using media reporting, NGO reports, corporate communications and primary research. It publishes

242-651: A township within the ancient ecclesiastical parish of Prestwich-cum-Oldham , in the hundred of Salford . Throughout the Middle Ages , local men acted as jurors and constables for the purposes of upholding law and order in the township. Following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 , Crompton formed part of the Oldham Poor Law Union , an inter-parish unit established to provide social security . Crompton's first local authority

363-444: A "hardy, frugal and somewhat independent breed", which has been attributed to the tradition of absentee landlords and self-sustenance in earlier times. There had been a chapel of ease at the hamlet of Shaw since at least the early 16th century, but, due to ecclesiastical arrangements for the parish of Prestwich-cum-Oldham , the inhabitants were obliged to contribute money towards Oldham Parish Church , which in turn had obligation to

484-683: A 20-acre (8.1 ha) complex within the town. In 2007, the site became the retail company's only packing and distribution centre for non-bulk items. At its peak it employed nearly 1,000 staff, making it the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham's largest private employer. Crompton was recorded in 1212 as being one of the five parts of the thegnage estate of Kaskenmoor, which was held on behalf of King John by Roger de Montbegon and William de Nevill. The other parts of this estate were Glodwick , Sholver , Oldham , and Werneth , names and places still familiar today. Crompton would later form

605-415: A bi-monthly print magazine, Ethical Consumer Magazine, sold via subscription, shops and newsstands, and a consumer website which is partly subscription based. This includes analysis of company and product ethics by sector including: Banking Sector, Energy Industry, Fashion, Food & drink, Home & Garden, Supermarkets, Technology and Transport. Some of the causes it supports are more contentious, such as

726-460: A community square. Work was due to start in 2011 but failed to do so. In March 2012 enabling works for this project (now estimated to cost £130 million) began. On completion the academic building is going to be open 24 hours each day and have facilities for the public as well as provision for the university. It is expected to have a marked effect on the local economy by providing more jobs. A legacy of Hulme's post war council housing has been through

847-565: A decade, they were declared 'unfit for purpose', and several plans were drawn up that suggested various differing types of renovation and renewal for the blocks, including splitting the buildings into smaller, more manageable structures by removing sections. By 1984 the City Council, then landlord abandoned the Crescents entirely after which they became notorious. In the 1980s and 1990s many of these vacant deck-access flats were squatted and

968-499: A filming location for domestic films and television programmes, including The Parole Officer , Common As Muck , Scott & Bailey and The Fred Dibnah Story , the latter of which documented Fred Dibnah 's demolition of the Briar and Cape mill chimneys. The town entered the national media in 2010, 2011 and 2012; for the kidnapping of Sahil Saeed , the mugging and death of Nellie Geraghty (which featured on Crimewatch ), and

1089-516: A goods yard was opened in 1863, allowing improved transportation of textile goods and raw materials to and from the township. Neighbouring Royton had begun to encroach upon the township's southern boundary, forming a continuous urban cotton-spinning district with Oldham, Lees and Chadderton —the Oldham parliamentary constituency —which was responsible for 13% of the world's cotton production. The demand for cheap cotton goods from this area prompted

1210-522: A mix of council and privately owned housing. One part of Hulme, the Birley Fields (site of the former Birley High School, Chichester Road) has been partly developed for a series of office blocks and partly left as green urban waste land. The blocks house companies such as Michelin and Laing O'Rourke as well as the University of Manchester /IFL/Server Hotel data centre. The development site

1331-515: A rapid slum clearance policy, in Hulme there was resistance to building tower blocks and this led to the building of the mid-rise deck access flats of a "modular" living design. Hulme in the 1960s was an era of "socialist, post-war spirit - reflected across health, education and worker rights". The modernist and brutalist architectural style of the period, as well as practicalities of speed and cost of construction led to building what became known as

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1452-470: A rate was levied to raise money for the new church at Oldham , the people of Crompton refused to pay. The manufacture of textiles in Crompton can be traced back to 1474, when a lease dated from that year outlines that the occupant of Crompton Park had spinning wheels , cards and looms , all of which suggest that cloth was being produced in large quantities. The upland geography of the area constrained

1573-425: A result of an influx of people from Yorkshire and Lancashire looking for employment in the cotton mills. Power looms introduced in the early 19th century put an end to the last remnants of the domestic system in Crompton, but not without resistance. Weavers and spinners were paid according to the amount of cloth they produced; independent hand loom weavers saw a drop in their income, and could not compete with

1694-521: A settlement could date from the 7th century. During Anglo-Saxon England , it is assumed from toponymic evidence that the township of Crompton formed around a predominantly Anglian community with a few Norse settlers, and within the extensive Hundred of Salfordshire . Following the Norman conquest of England , Crompton was part of a vast estate given to Roger the Poitevin . It was unmentioned in

1815-414: A small and close community of families. The area was thinly populated and consisted of several dispersed hamlets, including Whitfield, High Crompton , Cowlishaw, Birshaw and Bovebeale (above Beal). These hamlets were situated above the water-logged valley bottoms and below the exposed high moors. Owing to complicated local arrangements of land tenure, inheritance and absentee landlords, the local lordship

1936-407: A total resident population of 21,721, with a population density of around 4,692 people per square mile (1,811 per km ), and an average age of 39. Around 3% of Shaw and Crompton's population is from a black and minority ethnic background (which includes a small but long established community of Bangladeshi heritage), the rest broadly being of white background. Of the residents in

2057-539: A variety of NGOs. Hulme's nearness to the city centre has meant that it has become a popular place to live for a new generation of city dwellers. The area is popular with young professionals who are attracted by apartment prices that are lower than in the city centre and yet within a 15-minute walk of the centre and the university campuses. Local amenities include the Zion Arts Centre, Hulme Community Garden Centre and Hulme Park. Shopping needs are catered for by

2178-551: A ward of the city of Manchester. The district is part of the Manchester Central parliamentary constituency, which is currently represented at Westminster by Lucy Powell MP. Hulme is currently represented on the City Council by councillors Ekua Bayunu (Green), Lee-Ann Igbon (Labour) and Annette Wright (Labour). The ward has elected exclusively Labour councillors since May 2008. In 2017, councillor Amina Lone

2299-517: A wide range of Warburtons bread products. In August 2012 the building was bought by UDUNK who propose to redevelop the building as commercial units for up to 6 businesses. Until the early 2020s Shaw and Crompton was home to Shop Direct Group 's Shaw National Distribution Centre , which was one of the UK's largest warehouse distribution centres. The company occupied three former cotton mills and state-of-the-art purpose-built storage and sorting facilities on

2420-510: A year at Ringway . Shaw and Crompton's built environment is similar to the urban structure of most towns in England , consisting of residential dwellings centred on a High Street in the town centre , which is the local centre of commerce. There is a mixture of low-density urban areas , suburbs , semi-rural and rural locations in Shaw and Crompton, but overwhelmingly the land use in

2541-522: Is Shaw . Historically in Lancashire , the area shows evidence of ancient British and Anglian activity. In the Middle Ages , Crompton formed a small township of scattered woods, farmsteads, moorland and swamp. The local lordship was weak or absent, and so Crompton failed to emerge as a manor with its own lord and court. Farming was the main industry of this rural area, with locals supplementing their incomes by hand-loom woollen weaving in

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2662-488: Is a predominantly suburban area of mixed affluence with a population of 21,065 as of 2011. The legacy of its industrial past can be seen in its three surviving cotton mills, all of which are home to large distribution companies, among them is Yodel based at Shaw National Distribution Centre , a major employer in the area. The name Shaw is derived from the Old English word sceaga , meaning "wood". The name Crompton

2783-407: Is also of Old English derivation, from the words crom or crumb , meaning "bent" or "crooked" and ton , for "hamlet or village". A local historian stated that "this name aptly describes the appearance of the place, with its uneven surface, its numerous mounds and hills, as though it had been crumpled up to form these ridges". The University of Nottingham 's Institute for Name-Studies has offered

2904-524: Is an inner city area and electoral ward of Manchester , in Greater Manchester , England, immediately south of Manchester city centre . It has a significant industrial heritage . Historically in Lancashire , the name Hulme is derived from the Old Norse word for a small island, or land surrounded by water or marsh, indicating that it may have been first settled by Norse invaders in

3025-518: Is another former Anglican church. It has a tall steeple and a lofty interior. This too has been converted into apartments. The Church of the Ascension in Royce Road was built in 1970 as part of the redevelopment of Hulme. Other Anglican churches which no longer exist (in order of foundation) include: Holy Trinity, Stretford Road (1841); St Mark's, City Road; St Paul's, Stretford Road; St John

3146-499: Is designed to allow local people to put forward their priorities for the area in which they live, suggest improvements and have their say on how services are run on a local basis. Shaw and Crompton does not have a mayor , but does have a Chair of Council who performs ceremonial duties, charitable and chairing duties of the council. The Parish Council also has a town crier who jointly with the Chair performs ceremonial duties in and around

3267-571: Is known as Cornbrook from the Corn Brook, a tributary of the River Irwell. The area adjacent to Castlefield is known as St Georges. This area is named after the Church of St George , Chester Road. The Bridgewater Canal passes through Hulme. From the 2001 UK Census results, Office for National Statistics , Neighbourhood Statistics. In 1801 the population of Hulme was only 1677 but it

3388-401: Is known from records of 1246, 1273, 1277, 1285, 1332 and 1339 and del Hulme from 1284. There are other early Hulm(e)s/Holm(e)s from which they might have received their surnames (by Warrington and Lancaster, for example). In 1310 there is a mention of "the manor of Hulm with the appurtenances, near Mamcestre". In 1322 in the records of rents of the lands of the recently executed enemy of

3509-502: Is represented by carboniferous coal measures . The soils of the town are broadly sterile, the poorest being in the upland moors . Rainfall rises steadily from the Cheshire Plain in a northeasterly direction, and totals are between 51 inches (1,295 mm) to 67 inches (1,702 mm) a year in Shaw and Crompton, which is well above the UK average of 45.4 inches (1,153 mm) and compares to about 33 inches (838 mm)

3630-490: The Domesday Book of 1086; the first recorded use of the name Crompton for the township was discovered in legal documents relating to Cockersand Abbey near Lancaster , dating from the early 13th century. The document outlines that Gilbert de Notton, a Norman who had acquired the land from Roger de Montbegon , granted his estate to Cockersand Abbey. The Knights Hospitaller and Whalley Abbey held small estates in

3751-662: The 1970s oil crisis meant that heating the poorly insulated homes became too expensive for their low income residents, and the crescents soon became notorious for being cold, damp and riddled with cockroaches and other vermin . Crime and drug abuse became significant problems in Hulme, as police did not patrol the long, often dark decks, due to the fact that they were not officially considered streets. The decks made muggings and burglary relatively easy, as any crime could be carried out in almost total privacy, with no hope for quick assistance from police below. The crescents became troublesome very shortly after their construction—within

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3872-497: The 48 cotton mills that have occupied Shaw and Crompton, only three are still standing, all of which are now used as distribution centres. Since deindustrialisation , Shaw and Crompton's population has continued to grow as a result of intensive housing expansion and redevelopment which has modernised much of its former Victorian and Edwardian terraced housing districts. The town has 9,274 residential dwellings, of which one third are Victorian or Edwardian terraces , built for

3993-488: The Hulme Asbestos Action Group. He died in 2011 of mesothelioma , a type of cancer associated with Asbestos . Manchester City Council admitted limited liability for his death in their role as his landlord. During a Parliamentary Asbestos Seminar, it was estimated that nationally the deaths between 1968 and 2008 had exceeded 110,000. The reputation for anti-social activity that Hulme acquired in

4114-578: The Lancashire Cotton Famine of 1861–1865 , leading to the formation of the Crompton Local Board of Health in 1863, whose purpose was to ensure social security and maintain hygiene and sanitation in the locality. The Great Depression , and First and Second World Wars each contributed to periods of economic decline in Shaw and Crompton. Although the industry endured, as imports of cheaper foreign yarns increased during

4235-532: The Manchester, South Junction and Altrincham Railway , as well as the Manchester Carriage and Tramways Company . Thousands of people came to work in the rapidly expanding mills in the city. The number of people living in Hulme multiplied 50-fold during the first half of the 19th century. Housing had to be built rapidly, and space was limited, which resulted in low-quality housing interspersed with

4356-655: The Office for National Statistics , Shaw and Crompton forms part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area , with Manchester city centre itself 8.7 miles (14.0 km) southwest of Shaw and Crompton. Described in Samuel Lewis 's A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848) as located in "a bleak situation", Shaw and Crompton is in the valley of the River Beal , which runs northward through

4477-617: The Pennines with an army and passed through Manchester to defeat the Britons in the Battle of Chester . A wave of Anglian colonists followed this military conquest and their settlements are identified by the Old English suffix ton in local place names. Royton , Middleton , Moston , Clayton , Ashton and Crompton are localities northeast of Manchester which may have been founded during that colonisation, suggesting that Crompton as

4598-528: The domestic system . The introduction of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution initiated a process of rapid and unplanned urbanisation. A building boom began in Crompton in the mid-19th century, when suitable land for factories in Oldham was becoming scarce. By the late 19th century, Crompton had emerged as a densely populated mill town with forty-eight cotton mills , some of

4719-463: The explosion of a house in Buckley Street respectively. Shaw and Crompton Metrolink station opened as part of Greater Manchester's light-rail Metrolink network on 16 December 2012. From the 18th century onwards, Shaw and Crompton's economy was closely tied with that of Britain's textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution , particularly the cotton spinning sector. Until

4840-447: The flotation of cotton spinning companies; the investment was followed by the construction of 12 new cotton mills from 1870 and 1900. In the post-war economic boom of 1919–20, investors did not have the time to build new mills and so were prepared to pay vastly inflated sums for shares in existing companies. Many mills were refloated at valuations of up to £500,000 (£29,020,000 as of 2024 ), or five times what they had cost to build before

4961-610: The historic county of Lancashire . Under the terms of the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 Hulme was in Chorlton Poor Law Union which was established on 3 February 1837 until 1915 and in Manchester Poor Law Union from 1915 until 1930. From 1824 to 1845 commissioners had powers for the improvement of the area of the township, and it became part of the Borough of Manchester in 1838. Hulme is

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5082-489: The "cities in the sky". In Hulme, a new and (at the time) innovative design for deck access and tower living was attempted with four blocks, designed for families. This consisted of curved rows of low-rise flats with deck access far above the streets, known as the Hulme Crescents , designed to house 13,000. In this arrangement, vehicles remained on ground level with pedestrians on concrete walkways overhead, above

5203-539: The 1950s. An early type of axe known as a palstave has been discovered on Crompton Moor , providing evidence of Bronze Age human activity. It is believed that the area was inhabited by Ancient Britons , and that the Brigantes gave the River Beal its name. An ancient track, perhaps of Roman origin, crosses the modern Buckstones Road leading to Castleshaw Roman fort in neighbouring Saddleworth . In 616 Æthelfrith of Bernicia , an Anglo-Saxon king, crossed

5324-423: The 1970s and 1980s has declined. The counterculture that the area fostered toward the 1990s survived the redevelopment and is evident in, for example, Hulme Community Garden Centre , a not-for-profit organisation underpinned by organic principles promoting, among other things, sustainability and urban gardening and food production, and Work for Change, a large complex of cooperatives containing artists, theatre, and

5445-649: The 1990s, Shaw and Crompton was the home of Osram , the multinational lightbulb manufacturer, which occupied Duke Mill and was a significant employer in the area. Production has since been moved away from the United Kingdom. Warburtons had one of its 11 major bakeries in Shaw and Crompton from 1965 to January 2012. The "Pennine" bakery produced around 500,000 loaves a week and distributed them to major multiples and independent retailers throughout Greater Manchester, Cheshire , and Derbyshire . Located on Glebe Street, it employed around 200 staff and produced

5566-459: The 4 terms." In 1324 there is a record of "... ; farm of the land of Geoffrey de Hulme in Hulme which Jordan the dean formerly held in Overhulm and Netherhulm 5 s  ; ..." In 1440 there is a mention of the manor of Hulme and land exchanged for 200 pounds of silver: "Between William de Byrom, Henry de Par and John Hepe, late of Hulme, plaintiffs, and Ralph de Prestwich, deforciant of

5687-458: The BBC written files archives has shown Hulme Hippodrome was hired as a venue in 1950-1955 on Sunday afternoons to record around 20 radio show titles, including Morecambe & Wise's first series, You're Only Young Once . Hulme had been heavily bombed during World War II and the majority of its housing was privately owned Victorian terraces, most of which were declared unfit and demolished during

5808-578: The BDS movement. It produces reports on products and companies, and lists current boycotts. It also produces the annual UK Ethical Consumer Markets Report in conjunction (2019) with The Co-operative Bank . Ethical Consumer runs consumer oriented campaigns, including a boycott against Amazon.com, Inc. for its use of tax avoidance . Ethical Consumer also undertakes consultancy, research and ethical company screenings, primarily for NGOs and third sector clients. Hulme Hulme ( / h j uː m / )

5929-577: The Baptist, Emden Street; St Philip's, Chester Street; St Michael's, Lavender Street; St Stephen's, City Road; and St Gabriel's, Erskine Street (1869). The Bishop of Hulme was one of three suffragan bishops in the Diocese of Manchester from 1924 to 2009; the last Bishop of Hulme was Stephen Lowe . In 1986 Viraj Mendis , a Sri Lankan , claimed the right of sanctuary at the Church of the Ascension. He

6050-500: The Crompton War Memorial Committee, the statue was conceptualised in 1919 by Richard Reginald Goulden , and unveiled on 29 April 1923 by General Sir Ian Hamilton . The original cost for the memorial alone was £4,000, but the total cost, including site and layout, was about £6,067. The inscription on the memorial reads: The symbolic memorial depicts a group in which the central figure is a man defending

6171-629: The Ermen & Engels factory in Weaste , Salford, three miles from Hulme though he worked in the firm's offices in Manchester. He made Little Ireland infamous throughout the world as a disastrous slum despite it being relatively short-lived (a little over 30 years) and other areas of Manchester having worse housing, poverty and disease. Little Ireland was a small slum between Oxford Road, the Medlock and

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6292-627: The Hulme Shopping Centre, which includes an Asda supermarket and an indoor market. In 2008, following a tenants' vote, the area's remaining council housing stock was transferred to the City South Housing Association along with that of several neighbouring areas. Hulme emerged in the Middle Ages as a township and chapelry, in the ecclesiastical parish of Manchester in the Salford Hundred in

6413-597: The Irwell where they joined. Trafford was placed on the south bank of the Irwell to the south-west, Wordsall across the Irwell to the north-west and Manchester across the Medlock to the north. Hulme Hall was close to the River Irwell on a site near where St George's Church was later built, and the Hulme Barracks were built in 1799. Until the 18th century the area remained agricultural, and pictures from

6534-529: The King and rebel Thomas, Earl of Lancaster , the following are mentioned as in the Wapentake of Salfordshire : "Geoffrey de Hulme holds half a ploughland in Hulme and renders yearly 5 s [hillings]." or, in an alternate version: "Geoffrey de Hulme holds one ploughland in Hulme by the service of 5 s . yearly at the 4 terms for all." and "John le Ware holds one ploughland in Hulme by the service of 5 s . yearly at

6655-742: The area acquired a ' bohemian ' reputation for its many punks, artists and musicians. During the late 1980s Viraj Mendis , an asylum seeker from Sri Lanka , sought the right of sanctuary in the Church of the Ascension in Hulme and remained there until arrested in January 1989. (For further information, see below, Religion; Church of England) The decision was made in the early 1990s to demolish Hulme's crescent blocks and replace them with low-rise flats and houses. The total amount of public and private money spent on improving Hulme and neighbouring Moss Side between 1990 and 2002 has exceeded £400 million. The area by then had become popular and desirable, containing

6776-445: The atmosphere is poisoned by the effluvia from these, and laden and darkened by the smoke of a dozen tall factory chimneys. A horde of ragged women and children swarm about here, as filthy as the swine that thrive upon the garbage heaps and in the puddles." Reinforcement of the Medlock to protect the factories raised the level of the river above the surrounding residential hovels leading to frequent flooding with filthy river water. Hulme

6897-731: The church and arrested Mendis, which led to questions in the House of Commons . He was deported to Sri Lanka and his fears did not materialize. Shaw and Crompton Shaw and Crompton is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham , Greater Manchester , England, and lies on the River Beal at the foothills of the South Pennines . It is located 2.3 miles (3.7 km) north of Oldham , 3.6 miles (5.8 km) south-east of Rochdale and 8.7 miles (14 km) north-east of Manchester . Its largest settlement

7018-436: The combined electoral wards of Shaw and Crompton (which are coterminous with the town) 41.7% were married, 9.2% were cohabiting couples, and 9.7% were lone parent families. Forty percent of households were made up of individuals, and 14% had someone living alone at pensionable age. The ethnicity of the town was given as 96% white, 0.5% mixed race , 2.0% Asian, 0.3% black and 0.2% Chinese or other. The place of birth of

7139-462: The construction of a major road from Werneth to Littleborough , and the establishment of a post office sub-district named and situated in Shaw, it came to dominate Crompton. Additionally, a separate ecclesiastical parish was created for the township in 1835, which was given the name Shaw because of the church's location on Shaw Moor, in Crompton. The names merged to form the present day Shaw and Crompton, which boundary markers have used since at least

7260-612: The corner of Ellesmere Street, dates from c1870. The foundation stone of the first school erected by the Manchester School Board was laid in Vine Street, Hulme, on 11 June 1874 by Herbert Birley, chairman of the board, and the school was opened on 9 August 1875. Other board schools in Hulme were at Hamer Street (1872), Zion Chapel (1875), Lloyd Street (1878), Mulberry Street (1881), Upper Jackson Street (1883), Bangor Street (1886) and Duke Street (1890). In 1913 it

7381-723: The cotton mill workers of former times. It is considered a popular residential area of relative prosperity, with a variety of housing types. The Buckstones and Rushcroft areas contain modern housing estates and are amongst the most affluent suburbs of the town. They were built as part of an agreement made in the 1950s between the then Crompton Urban District and the County Borough of Oldham councils, to alleviate Oldham's chronic shortage of quality housing. The town has subsequently been described as having "good community spirit and relative prosperity, which, in turn, create popular residential areas". Shaw and Crompton has been used as

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7502-476: The deadly effects of Asbestos dust. John Shiers , a campaigner and later a leading figure in Save The Children had moved to council housing in Hulme in the late 1970s, where he discovered he and thousands of his neighbours council properties were riddled with Asbestos. He had been one of the first to speak out about the asbestos in the properties, he campaigned for change and was a founding member of

7623-477: The designs of Francis Goodwin in 1826–27 and has a tall tower and a fine galleried interior. It was once the garrison church for the nearby barracks as well as being the parish church of Hulme and the graveyard has many interesting gravestones. The church was consecrated on 9 December 1828 by the Bishop of Chester, Dr John Bird Sumner, who later became Archbishop of Canterbury. The total cost of building St Georges

7744-491: The earliest example in the city and in the county of Lancashire. Records of association games in the 1860s and 1870s exist with the club surviving into the early 1870s. In the 1860s, as Hulme became more established, new facilities sprang up. Municipal buildings were developed on Stretford Road, including the Town Hall, baths and public library, and Chorlton Union Workhouse on Leaf Street. The former Turville Public House, on

7865-411: The early 20th century transport in Hulme was improved when the existing horse bus services were replaced by electric trams. These services connected Hulme with the suburbs further south, Moss Side , Whalley Range and Chorlton-cum-Hardy . Boston Street and Preston Street carried complementary single lines of track southwards from Jackson Street. From 1949 the tram services were withdrawn and replaced by

7986-414: The east. The larger towns of Rochdale and Oldham lie to the northwest and south respectively; Royton is 1.2 miles (1.9 km) west-southwest. There are no motorways in Shaw and Crompton, though a light rail line bisects the town from north to south. The town has a post office under the Oldham post town . The territory of the civil parish is given as 4.5 square miles (11.7 km ). For purposes of

8107-527: The equivalent, compared with 20% nationwide. Below is a table outlining population growth of the area since 1901. Earlier records show that the area had a population of 872 in 1714. Shaw and Crompton has been a base for distribution companies as a result of the town's good transport links, its supply of large, disused mill properties, and its situation between Manchester, Oldham, Rochdale, Lancashire, and West Yorkshire. The N Brown Group , and children's toy distributors Toy Options have distribution centres in

8228-449: The estate he possessed. The family owned a large historic house by the name of Crompton Hall , on the site of Crompton Fold. Crompton Hall first appears in historical records as early as 1442, owned by Thomas de Crompton and his family. The original "medieval" Crompton Hall was demolished around 1848. A second Crompton Hall, set in its own prominent forested grounds, was erected by the family—by then an influential and affluent investor in

8349-907: The first Members of Parliaments (MPs) were the radicals William Cobbett and John Fielden . Winston Churchill was the MP between 1900 and 1906. Churchill once stayed at Crompton Hall , and letters written by him describe how peaceful and tranquil he thought the area to be. Constituency boundaries changed during the 20th century; from 1885 to 1918 Shaw and Crompton lay within Prestwich constituency , from 1918 to 1950 in Royton constituency , from 1950 until 1983 in Heywood and Royton constituency , and from 1983 to 1997 in Littleborough and Saddleworth constituency . Since 1997, Shaw and Crompton has lain within

8470-483: The former Dawn Mill. A derelict row of houses on Eastway was demolished as part of this development. Two houses on Greenfield Lane were also demolished, allowing the existing ALDI store to expand—possibly to help it to compete with the new ASDA store. The original planning application was put to a public vote in 2005, and included proposals for 316 parking spaces, improved bus facilities, pedestrian routes linked to Market Street, junction improvements to nearby streets, and

8591-476: The future generations, represented by young children, against foreign aggression, represented by a beast. The memorial is also a time capsule. Inside it is a lead casket containing coins, a copy of the local newspaper, three cops of spun cotton, and a length of cloth manufactured in the local area. A second, smaller war memorial is located in Jubilee Gardens. It is dedicated to the soldiers who fought in

8712-467: The global market. When suitable land in nearby Oldham (then the largest and most productive mill town in the world) had become scarce in the 1860s, there was a mill building boom in Shaw and Crompton, giving rise to the area as major mill town . The local townscape became dominated by distinctive rectangular brick-built mills, and its former villages and hamlets agglomerated as a single town around these factories. Shaw and Crompton railway station and

8833-466: The largest in the United Kingdom, in the area. At its spinning zenith, as a result of an interwar economic boom and the over-valuation of shares associated with the textile industry, Shaw and Crompton had more millionaires per capita than any other town in the world. Imports of foreign cotton goods saw a decline in the textile industry by the mid-20th century and the last mill closed in 1989. Shaw and Crompton covers 4.5 square miles (11.7 km ) and

8954-532: The largest landowners in Crompton, owning land and farmsteads at Whitfield and Crompton Fold respectively. The Crompton family has a well-documented history and can be traced back to the time of Magna Carta , appearing in the Assize Roll for 1245. Crompton is indigenous to the township, and first appears as a family name in the 13th century, when the locality's principal landowner, Hugh de la Legh, changed his family name to "de Crompton" (of Crompton), to reflect

9075-399: The local cotton industry—but following the death of the last remaining family members, the site was sold and, in 1950, the house was demolished to make way for an exclusive development of bungalows . Because of the poor soils and rugged terrain, Samuel Lewis said Crompton's inhabitants were "a race of hardy and laborious men". They have also been described as having a reputation for being

9196-529: The manor of Hulme with the appurtenances, and of 9 messuages, 300 acres of land, 100 acres of meadow, 500 acres of pasture, and 100 acres of wood in Mamcestre, Crompton and Oldom . Hulme was evidenced as a separate community south of the River Medlock from Manchester in 15th century map prints. Christopher Saxton included Holme in his map of Lancashire of 1577 on the south banks of the Medlock and

9317-519: The markets in Manchester and Rochdale. Despite its remoteness by the Pennines , by the Early Modern period the domestic system in Crompton had produced relatively wealthy inhabitants. The most affluent were those involved in cloth and linen, and their wealth was comparable to that of the merchants of Manchester and Salford . Until the mid-18th century, Crompton's textile sector had been closely linked with that of Rochdale and Saddleworth in

9438-464: The mechanised mass production that was gathering pace in the township. Luddites rioted in the township in 1826, smashing 24 power looms at Clegg's mill at High Crompton in protest against their worsening standard of living. Crompton's damp climate provided the ideal conditions for cotton spinning to be carried out without the cotton drying and breaking, and newly developed 19th century mechanisation optimised cotton spinning for mass production for

9559-466: The mid-20th century, Shaw and Crompton's textile sector declined gradually to a halt; said to have over-relied upon the textile sector, cotton spinning reduced in the 1960s and 1970s, and by the early 1980s only four mills were operational. In spite of efforts to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of its production, the final cotton was spun in Shaw and Crompton in 1989, in Lilac and Park mills. Of

9680-515: The mother Church of St Mary the Virgin at Prestwich . On several occasions during the 15th and 16th centuries, the Archdeacon of Chester had to intervene because Crompton's inhabitants refused to contribute towards holy bread and candles used at Prestwich. In 1826, a poll was taken regarding the re-building of Oldham Church. Not one person in Crompton voted in favour of the rebuilding and when

9801-533: The motorbuses of Manchester Corporation Transport. Two existing conjoined theatres were built in Hulme, the Hulme Hippodrome and The Playhouse, opening in 1901 and 1902 respectively. The Playhouse was later used as a BBC studio for 30 years (1955-1986) and for a short time opened as the Nia Centre (1991-1997) but closed due to financial problems. It currently is run by Niamos CIC . Hulme Hippodrome

9922-710: The myriad smoking chimneys of the mills and the railway. Reports of the time suggest that at times the air quality became so poor that poisonous fumes and smoke literally "blocked out the sun" for long periods. In the Irish Poor Report of 1836 the Deputy Constable of the Township of Manchester, Joseph Sadler Thomas, found that the Irish were so fiercely neighbourly in Little Ireland (located on

10043-821: The need for 500 tonnes of steel and 450 tonnes of carbon emissions. The main Crompton War Memorial, located on the High Street, consists of a Scottish granite plinth surmounted by a large bronze statue flanked by two Rolls of Honour containing the 346 names of those from Shaw and Crompton who fought and died in the First World War . Panels listing the Roll of Honour from the Second World War were added and unveiled on 12 November 1950 by Councillor H. M. Turner. Commissioned by

10164-453: The north and east; it was a woollen manufacturing district. However, as the demand for cotton goods increased, Crompton mirrored developments in Oldham and Manchester in the south and southwest, importing raw cotton and making cotton cloth. To ensure that the woollen trade was kept buoyant, a law existed from 1675 to 1814 to encourage Shaw and Crompton's wool production. It required that the deceased were to be buried in woollen garments. In

10285-495: The other side of the River Medlock, just north of Hulme Ward) and the larger Irish area of Angel Meadow (north-east of Victoria Station , on the other side of central Manchester from Hulme) that: "if a legal execution of any kind is to be made, either for rent or debt, or for taxes, the officer who serves the process almost always applies to me for assistance to protect him; and, in affording that protection, my officers are often maltreated by brickbats and other missiles". Hulme Hall

10406-432: The output of crop growing, and so prior to industrialisation the area was used for grazing sheep, which provided the raw material for a local woollen weaving trade. Wills and inventories from the 15th and 16th centuries suggest most families were involved with small scale pasture , but supplemented their incomes by weaving woollens in the domestic system and selling cloth, linen and fustians to travelling chapmen for

10527-473: The parish area and is a purely ceremonial role. Shaw and Crompton is one of only a few parishes of England that still observes the ancient custom of Beating the bounds . Originally an annual event, it now takes place every seven years. In terms of parliamentary representation, Shaw and Crompton after the Reform Act 1832 was represented as part of the Oldham parliamentary borough constituency , of which

10648-486: The parliamentary constituency of Oldham East and Saddleworth , and is represented in the House of Commons by Debbie Abrahams , a member of the Labour Party . At 53°34′39″N 2°5′32″W  /  53.57750°N 2.09222°W  / 53.57750; -2.09222 (53.5777°, −2.0928°) Shaw and Crompton lies along the eastern edge of the ancient Lancashire border; Saddleworth and the Pennines are close to

10769-528: The period of the Danelaw . Hulme was formerly a township in the parish of Manchester , in 1866 Hulme became a separate civil parish , on 26 March 1896 the parish was abolished to form South Manchester . In 1891 the parish had a population of 71,96. Hulme derives its name from the Old Norse holmr, holmi , through Old Danish hulm or hulme meaning small islands or land surrounded by streams, fen or marsh. The area may have fitted this description at

10890-416: The railway serving Oxford Road Station , mainly inhabited by Irish immigrant workers. Described at length by Engels, he estimated that there was one inaccessible privy for every 120 residents. "The cottages are old, dirty and of the smallest sort, the streets uneven, fallen into ruts and in part without drains or pavement; masses of refuse, offal and sickening filth lie among standing pools in all directions;

11011-411: The relocation of a local tyre-fitting company. The supermarket cost £20 million to construct, and is the first ASDA store in the United Kingdom to use environmentally friendly construction techniques, which Wal-Mart intends to use as a blueprint for all its new ASDA supermarkets. It incorporates a sustainable timber frame and an energy-saving ventilation system, which together have eradicated

11132-469: The second half of the 18th century, the technology of cotton-spinning machinery improved, and the need for larger buildings to house bigger, better and more efficient equipment became apparent. The profitability of cotton spinning meant that open land that had been used for farming since antiquity, was utilised for purpose-built weavers' cottages . Larger buildings were still desired, and construction of two water powered cotton factories (two or three times

11253-461: The single name of Shaw seems to have won preference in the locality. Shaw was originally a hamlet and sub-district of Crompton, where it appears to have originated as the commercial and ecclesiastic centre because of a small chapel sited there dating back to the 16th century. Before then, Whitfield had been the largest village in Crompton. In 1872, Shaw was noted as one of three villages in Crompton. However, due to Shaw's urbanisation following

11374-403: The size of a cottage) can be traced to 1782. The construction of more mills followed—ten by 1789—facilitating a process of urbanisation and socioeconomic transformation in the region; the population moved away from farming, adopting employment in the factory system . The introduction of the factory system led to an increase of the township's population; from 872 in 1714 to 3,500 in 1801, mostly as

11495-440: The smoke and fumes of the street. People living in the new post war council homes were, within a decade treated as second class citizens. High-density housing was balanced with large green spaces and trees below, and the pedestrian had priority on the ground over cars. The 1960s redevelopment of Hulme split the area's new council housing into a number of sections. Hulme 2 was the area between Jackson Crescent and Royce Road. Hulme 3

11616-403: The suggestion that the name Crompton means "river-bend settlement", which may reflect Crompton's location on a meander of the River Beal . The dual name of both Shaw and Crompton has been said to make the town "distinctive, if not unique", while preference of Shaw over Crompton and vice versa has been (and to a limited extent remains) a minor local controversy and point of confusion. Today,

11737-650: The time of the Scandinavian invasion and settlement as it is surrounded by water on three sides by the rivers Irwell , Medlock and Corn Brook. Ekwall suggested that the considerable number of Danish names to the south and south-west of Manchester, unparalleled in the rest of Lancashire, pointed to a Danish colony on the north bank of the Mersey . Ouerholm and Noranholm were recorded in 1226 and Norholm in 1227. These are thought to be variations of Overhulm and Netherhulm, although recorded earlier. The surname de Hulm

11858-615: The time show an idyllic scene of crops, sunshine and country life. The area remained entirely rural until the Bridgewater Canal was cut and the Industrial Revolution swept economic change through the neighbouring district of Castlefield where the Duke of Bridgewater's canal terminated, and containerised transportation of coal and goods rose as an industry to support the growing textile industries of Manchester. It

11979-538: The time, the " Crescents " won several design awards. They were also popular because they were some of the first council homes in Manchester to have central heating. The development even had some notable first occupants, such as Nico and Alain Delon . However, what eventually turned out to be recognised as poor design, workmanship and maintenance meant that the crescents introduced their own problems. Design flaws and unreliable 'system build' construction methods, as well as

12100-459: The town is residential; industrial areas and terraced houses give way to suburbs and rural greenery as the land rises out of the town. Generally, property in the centre, west, and south of the town is older and smaller in comparison to that found in the east and north. Shaw and Crompton is divided into two political wards , named "Shaw" and "Crompton" (to the east and west respectively). According to census data, in 2001 Shaw and Crompton had

12221-448: The town towards the village of Newhey . The land to the east of the town steadily rises, reaching a height of 1,283 feet (391 m) at the summit of Crompton Moor . To the west, the land reaches around 699 feet (213 m) at High Crompton and 825 feet (251 m) at Whitfield, and from these highpoints the surface slopes away in all directions. The River Irk rises on Shaw and Crompton's western boundary with Royton . The geology

12342-467: The town's residents was 96.8% United Kingdom (including 95.13% from England), 0.6% Republic of Ireland , 0.5% from other European Union countries, and 2.1% from elsewhere in the world. Religion was recorded as 84% Christian, 1.7% Muslim, 0.2% Hindu, 0.2% Buddhist, 0.1% Jewish and <0.1% Sikh. Some 6.8% were recorded as having no religion, 0.1% had an alternative religion, and 5.6% did not state their religion. The economic activity of residents aged 16–74

12463-409: The town. Trent Mill Industrial Estate, on the edge of the town near Rushcroft , takes its name from the mill that was once there. The business park is home to several small industrial companies. It was partially destroyed by a fire that started in a plastics factory in the early hours of 28 April 2007. On 6 August 2007, a 35,000-square-foot (3,252 m ) Asda supermarket opened on the site of

12584-612: The township. In 1234, about 80 acres (32 ha) of land at Whitfield in Crompton were given to the Hospitallers, a religious order that provided care for poor, sick or injured pilgrims to the Holy Land . A medieval cross has been discovered in the ruins of a house at Whitfield. During the High Middle Ages , Crompton was a collection of scattered woods, farmsteads, moorland, swamp and a single corn mill , occupied by

12705-479: The war, resulting in the town being nicknamed "The Golden City" as the scramble for shares intensified. Because of this highly profitable share dealing, it was reported in the national press that Shaw and Crompton had more millionaires per capita than any other town in the world. The number of cotton mills in the township peaked at 36 in 1920. Supplies of raw cotton from the United States were cut during

12826-436: The wider Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, and including the status as a statutory consultee on local planning applications . The council comprises 14 locally elected members and is consulted in planning applications that affect the area through the Shaw and Crompton area Committee of Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council. Shaw and Crompton (Community Forum) Community Council , a separate body, meets at least four times per year and

12947-406: Was 45% in full-time employment, 12% in part-time employment, 7% self-employed, 2.4% unemployed, 2% students with jobs, 3% students without jobs, 13% retired, 4% looking after home or family, 7% permanently sick or disabled, and 2% economically inactive for other reasons. This was roughly in line with the national figures. Of the town's residents aged 16–74, 15% had a higher education qualification or

13068-659: Was a Local board of health established in 1863; Established with reference to the Local Government Act 1858 , Crompton Local Board of Health was a regulatory body responsible for standards of hygiene and sanitation in the township. Following the Local Government Act 1894 , the area of the Local Board became the Crompton Urban District , a local government district within the administrative county of Lancashire. The urban district council

13189-508: Was a variety theatre until 1960, then as a bingo hall followed by being a social club and snooker hall until 1988. After being dark for 15 years it was purchased by the controversial religious charity, Gilbert Deya Ministries in 2003. It was sold to a property developer in November 2020 and is currently shuttered and in poor repair. A campaign group exists, Save Hulme Hippodrome . Both theatres are Grade 2 listed buildings. Recent research in

13310-509: Was also described by Engels: "the more thickly built-up regions chiefly bad and approaching ruin, the less populous of more modern structure, but generally sunk in filth." Large numbers of Irish immigrants settled in Hulme, and in various other districts of Manchester. The Tithe award for Hulme was made in 1854. In 1863 members of the Hulme Athenaeum club for working men established an association football club, believed to be

13431-409: Was an active supporter of Sri Lanka Tamils and claimed danger of death if he was sent back to Sri Lanka. After a march to protest against deportation on 20 December 1986, he ran into the church and claimed the right of sanctuary . He stayed there for two years with the help of the rector John Methuen . The church became the focus of the "Viraj Mendis Defence Campaign". On 18 January 1989 police raided

13552-661: Was based out of Shaw/Crompton Town Hall, which opened on 28 December 1894. Under the Local Government Act 1972 , the towns urban district status was abolished and the area has, since 1 April 1974, formed part of the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham , a local government district of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester . A civil parish of Crompton was formed in April 1987 and renamed to "Shaw and Crompton" in July 1987. The civil parish has its own parish council , giving it some limited local government autonomy from that of

13673-591: Was between Princess Road and Boundary Road based along the pedestrianised Epping Walk, Hulme 4 was between Princess Road and Royce Road and Hulme 5 - the " Crescents " themselves were between Royce Road and Rolls Crescent. The names of the " Crescents " harked back to the Georgian era , being named after architects of that time: Robert Adam Crescent, Charles Barry Crescent, William Kent Crescent and John Nash Crescent, together with Hawksmoor Close (a small straight block of similar design attached to Charles Barry Crescent). At

13794-480: Was blocked from standing in the seat again by her party, while Nigel Murphy was de-selected by the Hulme constituency party before the postponed 2020 elections.   indicates seat up for re-election.   indicates seat won in by-election.   indicates councillor changed party. Hulme is south of Manchester city centre, beyond the River Medlock . The part of Hulme nearest to Old Trafford

13915-510: Was demolished in 1840 with the construction of the Bridgewater Canal. By 1844, the situation had grown so serious that Manchester Borough Council had to pass a law banning further building. However, the thousands of "slum" homes that were already built continued to be lived in, and many were still in use into the first half of the 20th century. Friedrich Engels was the heir of a German cotton manufacturer who had come to work for

14036-431: Was said "It is probable that in no northern city is the divergence between classes so marked as it is becoming in Manchester. Among the 80,000 inhabitants, for example, of Hulme, the poorest and most neglected district of the city, is to be found only a tiny minority of persons of much education and refinement, these being with rare exceptions doctors, or ministers of the various religious denominations, and their wives" In

14157-404: Was the largest of the townships surrounding Manchester. By 1831 it had increased to 9624 and then there was a greater increase to 26,982 by 1841 and roughly doubling again by 1851. The peak number was reached in 1871 when it was 74,731 and the next 30 years saw some decline to 66,916 in 1901. The Church of St George, Chester Road, Hulme , a Commissioners' Church , was an Anglican church built to

14278-569: Was the subject of a campaign by a group of Hulme residents which delayed the clearance of the site and the felling of a large tree. The "Birley Tree" was a 110-year-old Black Poplar . In 2009, Manchester Metropolitan University announced plans for the redevelopment of Birley Fields as the site of a new £120 million campus. The proposed scheme, relocating the Faculties of Education and Health, would include new academic buildings, student accommodation for approximately 1,200 students, car parking and

14399-544: Was this supply of cheap coal from the Duke's mines at Worsley that allowed the textile industry of Manchester to grow. The Industrial Revolution brought development to the area, and jobs to the poor, carrying coal from the 'starvationers' (very narrow canal boats), to be carted off along Deansgate . Many cotton mills and railway links to Hulme soon followed, with the town served by the Mid-Cheshire line railway and

14520-581: Was weak and Crompton failed to emerge as a manor with its own lord and court. This slowly facilitated comparative freedoms and independence for the early people of Crompton, which encouraged the influx of families from the neighbouring parish of Rochdale , including the Buckleys , Cleggs , Greaves and Milnes. During the Late Middle Ages , the Buckley and Crompton families were recorded as

14641-539: Was £20,000 of which sum Parliament, through the Church Commissioners paid nearly £15000 the rest was found by private donors and charitable bodies. The height of the tower to the top of its spires was 135 ft making it the highest in Manchester at the time. The first incumbent was Revd. Joshua Lingard M.A. After being derelict for many years it has been converted to residential use. St Mary's Church , Chichester Road (architect J. S. Crowther , 1856–58)

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