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45-552: The design was coordinated by the Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Desarrollo Tecnológico de la Industria Militar or CIADTIM (Center of Applied Research and Technology Development Military Industry) and SEDENA and all of its parts are built in Mexico. According to the director of the DGIM , Otilio Ramírez Serrano, by July 2019 approximately 155,000 rifles have been produced. The FX-05

90-570: A Bundeswehr contract for a new service rifle , HK developed the Heckler & Koch G3 . The success of the G3 rifle prompted HK to transition to the defense industry. HK was owned by Royal Ordnance from 1991 to 2002, and is currently part of the Heckler & Koch Group, comprising Heckler & Koch GmbH, Heckler & Koch Defense, NSAF Ltd., and Heckler & Koch France SAS. The company's motto

135-517: A cost of €63,016,125 as part of Mexico's military modernization program. The Mexican government ultimately decided that they wanted a more cost effective alternative to the G36, which resulted in the decision to end the project before any technology or equipment could be transferred and the FX-05 project was undertaken. A Mexican report states that up to December 2006, $ 84,000,000 Mexican Pesos (€5,855,698 at

180-419: A different mechanism. The report concluded that while externally the FX-05 bears obvious design elements there are several notable differences. The receiver which was styled after the G36 is in fact coupled with a long stroke gas piston similar in operation to an AK type rifle. While the more advanced parts of the rifle were found to be independently Mexican produced, Heckler & Koch officials still questioned

225-518: A modification program to the SA80 series of rifles to address a number of reliability issues with the design. In 2002, BAE Systems restructured and sold Heckler & Koch to a group of private investors, who created the German group holding company HK Beteiligungs GmbH. In 2003, HK Beteiligungs GmbH's business organization restructured as Heckler & Koch Jagd und Sportwaffen GmbH (HKJS), and its business

270-592: A result of efforts by civil society and human rights organizations in Mexico and Germany, H&K and two of its former employees were brought before the Provincial Court of Stuttgart. After ten months of trial, on 21 February 2019, the court convicted them of illegally selling arms to Mexican governmental institutions which failed to acknowledge their due observance of human rights. The two former employees (sales manager Sahlmann and administrative employee Beuter) had been found to have used fraudulent permits in

315-434: A single model, such as the "Universal" weapons ( UMP , UCP , USC , USP ). Some abbreviations are used as a suffix to designate specific variants. Variant Version Submachine Gun Suppressor USP9 SD (for weapons with an extended threaded barrel intended for suppressors) The Werknummern designation system assigns two or three digits that correspond to the product's technical specifics. These are placed after (or if

360-539: A smaller version of the G3 chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO . In 1974, Heckler & Koch diversified into two more areas, HK Defense and Law Enforcement Technology and HK Hunting and Sports Firearms. Since then HK has designed and manufactured more than 100 different types of firearms and devices for the world's military and law enforcement organizations as well as sports shooters and hunters. In 1990, Heckler & Koch completed two decades of development of their revolutionary caseless weapon system and produced prototypes of

405-742: A suffix, before) the abbreviation, and denote the generation, form factor , and caliber or munition of the weapon. 9×19mm Parabellum , .40 S&W .45 ACP , etc. The date code is a two-letter combination used to specify the year a weapon was manufactured in. These are not part of the product's name, but are printed for identification directly on the weapon itself. They are only used on handguns. Heckler & Koch handguns produced at HK's German facilities are marked with "DE", Germany's ISO 3166-1 code. Handguns manufactured in HK facilities outside Germany, or those produced in Germany before 2008, do not have

450-429: Is " Keine Kompromisse! " (No Compromises!). Nicolas Walewski 's financial holding company CDE has held a majority stake in Heckler & Koch since July 2020. With the fall of Nazi Germany and the following Allied occupation of Germany , Oberndorf came under French control , and the entire Waffenfabrik Mauser AG factory was dismantled by French occupying forces. All factory records were destroyed on orders of

495-576: Is assigned a specific meaning outlined in the convention to make them easier to identify and differentiate by name. The HK naming convention is not a fixed convention, but rather a guideline, and not all HK products follow it; this is typically done for marketing purposes or quirks in the weapon's development or intended role. For instance, the HK416 does not use a proper abbreviation ("HK" does not mean anything specific), nor does it use proper digits (the HK416

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540-548: Is currently under development for the FX-05, which will be able to fire standard NATO munitions in addition to Mexico's new RSE-7 fuel-air grenade round. The FX-05 is also compatible with the AG36 grenade launcher as used on the G36 , which is in use until the proprietary design is finalized. In 2017, a Mexican-made UBGL was also demonstrated. The FX-05 is one of the world's few assault rifles featuring polygonal rifling , which eliminates

585-730: Is distributed among the Mexican Armed Forces , and the military industry is aiming to produce 30,000 per year. The development of the FX-05 began as a 16-month research in 2005 with CIADTIM as part of research efforts to replace the HK G3A3 rifles that were in service with the Mexican military. Originally the HK G36 was supposed to become the Mexican military's standard rifle as plans were already drawn to transfer technology and equipment to Mexico to initially build 30,000 rifles at

630-669: Is located in Oberndorf am Neckar , Baden-Württemberg , and also has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, France, and the United States. Heckler & Koch was founded in 1949 by former Mauser engineers Edmund Heckler , Theodor Koch , and Alex Seidel , who founded the company out of the shuttered Mauser factory in Oberndorf. The company initially produced machine tool and metal parts until 1956 when, in response to

675-729: Is the government department responsible for managing Mexico's Army and Air Forces . Its head is the Secretary of National Defense who, like the co-equal Secretary of the Navy , is directly answerable to the President. Before 1937, the position was called the Secretary of War and Navy ( Secretaría de Guerra y Marina ). The agency has its headquarters in Lomas de Sotelo, Miguel Hidalgo , Mexico City . Some key figures who answer directly to

720-452: Is unclear how many were exported to Libya and by whom. On 11 December 2011, federal, state and local Mexican police officers used battle rifles to fire on Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers' College students and peasant organizations to disperse a blockade on Mexican Federal Highway 95D , resulting in the deaths of students Jorge Alexis Herrera and Gabriel Echeverría de Jesús. According to media reports, 7.62×51mm NATO round casings were found at

765-569: The G11 rifle. The company also produced prototypes of the G41 assault rifle intended for the Bundeswehr . Due to the international political climate at the time (East and West Germany uniting and defense budget cuts) the company was unable to secure funded contracts from the German government to support production of either weapon system and became financially vulnerable. The next year, Heckler & Koch

810-669: The XM8 , though both the OICW and XM8 are now indefinitely suspended. Heckler & Koch developed an AR-15 / M4 carbine variant, marketed as the HK416 . HK replaced the direct impingement system used by the Stoner design on the original M16 with a short-stroke piston operating system. The civilian models are named the MR223 and, in the U.S., the MR556A1. In 2007, United States Secretary of

855-602: The Army Pete Geren agreed to hold a "dust chamber" test pitting the M4 against the Heckler & Koch HK416 and XM8 , as well as the rival FN SCAR design. The Heckler & Koch XM8 and FN SCAR had the fewest failures in the test, closely followed by the HK416, while the M4 had by far the most. In 2007, the Norwegian Army became the first to field the HK416 as a standard-issue rifle. HK sells its pistols in

900-488: The DE marking. Heckler & Koch long arms mostly follow a set of shared trigger group standards for selective fire and safety , with corresponding markings and pictograms. H&K has been accused of shipping small arms to conflict regions such as Bosnia and Nepal , and has licensed its weapons for production by governments with poor human rights records such as Sudan , Thailand and Myanmar . It has been argued that

945-525: The DGIM (the manufacturer of the FX-05) regarding the issue of the rifles receiver system which is identical to the G36's. It's believed that the receiver was made to be as similar to the G36 to maximize commonality between the two weapons as many of Mexico's police forces are issued with the G36. Either way it appears that the newer post lawsuit versions of the FX-05 feature a different newly designed receiver, as

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990-461: The December 2006 exchange rate) were invested in the FX-05 project, including raw materials and using only national equipment and technology. Leading the FX-05 project was General Alfredo Oropeza Garnica with Brigadier General Jose Antonio Landeros. In 2015, it was revealed that due to budget cuts, SEDENA would not be able to meet the production rate of 121,000 FX-05s by 2018. On September 16, 2016,

1035-402: The HK G36 assault rifle. After an exhibition of detailed models of the FX-05, the HK representatives were convinced that, despite the similarities between the two rifles, there was not a patent infringement, therefore bringing an end to the disagreement. In the end, the German firm stated that they would not sue on the basis that even though the rifle looks similar it is internally different with

1080-538: The Mexican military unveiled a new variant of the FX-05 known as the Xihucóatl Submachine Gun alongside an indigenous underbarrel grenade launcher made for it. On April 2, 2019, a new variant known as the PAX-100 is due to begin production. The design of the weapon is compatible with telescopic, red-dot and mechanical sights and has a folding, adjustable butt stock. The barrel is hammer forged, and

1125-607: The P8 pistol, derived from its USP handguns produced since 1989. The USP was adopted as the standard sidearm of the Bundeswehr in 1994, and the G36 was adopted as their standard-issue rifle in 1995. As the result of a 1999 merger between British Aerospace and Marconi Electronic Systems , Heckler & Koch was owned by the resulting BAE Systems ; it was contracted to refurbish the British Army 's SA80 rifles (which had been manufactured by Royal Ordnance) This contract entailed

1170-793: The Secretary are the Assistant Secretary, the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces, and all military tribunals. Alongside his role as a cabinet member the Secretary shares, since 2020, the official ex officio title of "Commanding General of the Mexican Army, Air Force, and National Guard " ( Alto Mando del Ejercito, Fuerza Aerea, y Guardia Nacional). Under the Federal Public Administration Act ( Ley Orgánica de la Administración Pública Federal ),

1215-540: The Secretary has the following duties, among others provided by the Constitution and relevant laws of Congress: 19°26′24″N 99°12′58″W  /  19.440°N 99.216°W  / 19.440; -99.216 Heckler %26 Koch Heckler & Koch GmbH ( HK or H&K ; German pronunciation: [ˌhɛklɐ ʔʊnt ˈkɔx] ) is a German firearms manufacturer that produces handguns , rifles , submachine guns , and grenade launchers . The company

1260-520: The United States to both law enforcement and civilian markets, through its HK USA subsidiary. The company has locations in Virginia , New Hampshire , and Georgia . Heckler & Koch has produced a variety of firearms including the G3 , HK21 , MP5 , HK4 , HK33 , HK69 , VP70 , PSG1 , USP , G36 , MG4 , UMP , MP7 , and HK416 , which have become some of the most iconic and widely adopted firearms in

1305-527: The company effectively evaded EU export restrictions when these licensees sold HK weapons to conflict zones including Indonesia , Sri Lanka and Sierra Leone . According to the newspaper Stuttgarter Nachrichten (31 August 2011), as well as the state broadcaster ARD, a large stockpile of G36 assault rifles fell into rebel hands during the August 2011 attack on Muammar Gaddafi 's compound in Tripoli . It

1350-540: The local French Army commander. In 1948, three former Mauser engineers, Edmund Heckler , Theodor Koch , and Alex Seidel , saved what they could from the factory and used what they salvaged to start a machine tool plant in the vacant factory that became known as the Engineering Office Heckler & Co. On December 28, 1949, the Engineering Office Heckler & Co. changed its name and was registered officially as Heckler & Koch GmbH. Initially

1395-561: The new company manufactured machine tools, bicycle and sewing machine parts, gauges, and other precision parts. In 1956, Heckler & Koch responded to the West German government's tender for a new infantry rifle for the Bundeswehr with the proposal of the G3 battle rifle , based on the Spanish CETME Model 58 rifle and developed in cooperation with CETME . The German government awarded Heckler & Koch

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1440-533: The newer FX-05 come with a four position fire selection (safe, single shot, three round burst, full auto) whereas the original FX-05 came with only three firing selections (safe, single shot, full auto). This theory is also reinforced by the fact the new black FX-05 models feature a visible metal protrusion before the magazine ejector and the receiver is noticeably smaller. Secretariat of National Defense The Mexican Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA) ; Spanish : Se cretaría de la De fensa Na cional

1485-688: The normal grooves of a weapons barrel replacing them with a system of "hills and valleys" in a rounded polygonal pattern. The optical sight is an integrated one with a carry handle attached as standard. There has been some criticism that the barrel has reliability issues and a short operating life, blamed on low-quality materials. The FX-05 is available in several configurations optimized for differing use, including: assault rifle ( Fusil de asalto ), carbine ( Carabina ), compact ( Carabina corta , literally "short carbine"), light machine gun ( Ametralladora ) and sharpshooter (Sniper) ( Francotirador ) variants. The variants are all essentially identical, excepting

1530-490: The rifle with gas piston located above the barrel, which operates under a multi-lugged rotary bolt system. Safety/fire mode selectors are located above the pistol grip on both sides of the FX-05. It can accept NATO-standard as well as specific transparent magazines. In 2017, it was announced that a Mexican-made grip pod was in development. The internal mechanism and barrel are made of advanced corrosion-resistant stainless steel. An indigenous programmable air-burst grenade launcher

1575-519: The sale of 4,700 rifles and large quantities of ammunition. H&K was issued a fine of 3.7 million euros, and the two men received suspended sentences of 17 and 22 months. The spokesman of the Presidency of the Republic of Mexico, Jesús Ramírez Cuevas, said that the amount of the fine should go to the victims and their families. On 30 March 2021, Germany's Federal Court of Justice (BGH) upheld

1620-482: The scene, matching those used by H&K G3 rifles. In Iguala and Cocula , corrupt police officers and cartelmen are known to have used H&K G36 rifles during the 2014 Iguala mass kidnapping on 26–27 September 2013. At least six teaching students were murdered by cartelmen and corrupt local police, and 43 others are missing and presumed dead. Other than the six identified persons, no other bodies have been found, and they are believed to have been incinerated. As

1665-572: The short carbine having a shortened fore-end and the sharpshooter being equipped with a fixed adjustable stock rather than the standard folding stock. On February 1, 2007, representatives of the SEDENA ( Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional ) and Heckler & Koch met in Mexico City to address accusations of patent infringement from the German firm. They claimed that the Army "replicated" the design of

1710-548: The tender and in 1959 declared the G3 the standard rifle of the Bundeswehr . Later in 1961, Heckler & Koch developed the 7.62×51mm HK21 general-purpose machine gun , based on the G3. In 1966, Heckler & Koch introduced the HK54 machine pistol , which eventually launched in 1969 as the MP5 submachine gun . Two years later, the company introduced the HK33 assault rifle ,

1755-418: The use of polymers in weapon designs, modern polygonal rifling , the feasibility of high-velocity caseless ammunition in prototype service rifles, and integral rails for handgun attachments. Heckler & Koch products use an internal naming system, consisting of an abbreviation and a two- or three-digit Werknummern designation popularly referred to as the "HK 3-digit system". Each letter and digit

1800-441: The weapon is capable of semi-automatic , three round burst and full auto fire. It has a cyclic rate of fire of 750 rounds per minute. Most of the rifle's receiver is constructed of a polymer reinforced with carbon-fiber with an underlying titanium frame and comes in black, dark-green and desert-tan colors as well as the SEDENA digital camouflage patterns used by the Mexican army. The charging handle can be installed on either side of

1845-420: The world, used by dozens of militaries , police forces , and paramilitaries worldwide. Many of its prototype weapons, including the G11 , HK CAWS , XM29 OICW , and XM8 , have also become recognizable. HK firearms use blowback operation , short-recoil , roller-delayed blowback , gas-delayed blowback , and short-stroke piston gas operation . HK is responsible for several innovations in firearms, such as

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1890-612: Was contracted by the United States Army to produce the kinetic energy subsystem (see: kinetic projectiles or kinetic energy penetrator ) of the Objective Individual Combat Weapon , a planned replacement for the M16 rifle / M203 grenade launcher combination. The OICW was designed to fire 5.56 mm rounds and 25 mm grenades. The kinetic energy component was also developed separately as

1935-667: Was originally two models, the "HK M4 " and "HK M16 ", that were later amalgamated into the HK416); using the 3-digit system, the standard HK416 would likely be referred to as the G333. Such products tend to have proper internal designations anyway; the HK416 is internally referred to as the HK333. Most HK products have a prefix of between one and three letters, corresponding to a word or term in German (though some refer to English terms instead, with no German equivalent). Several were only used for

1980-507: Was separated into the two business areas similar to the 1974 business mission areas: Defense, and Law Enforcement and Sporting Firearms. In 2004, Heckler & Koch was awarded a major handgun contract for the United States Department of Homeland Security , worth a potential $ 26.2 million for up to 65,000 handguns. This contract ranks as the single largest handgun procurement contract in U.S. law enforcement history. HK

2025-490: Was sold to British Aerospace 's Royal Ordnance division. During 1994 and 1995, the German government awarded Heckler & Koch contracts for producing an updated standard assault rifle and updated standard sidearm for the Bundeswehr . Heckler & Koch developed and produced the Project HK50, a lightweight carbon fiber assault rifle , which became the G36 assault rifle. In addition, Heckler & Koch produced

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