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31-525: The mining region, in the broadest sense, is centred on Freiberg , but extends beyond that town's borough into the municipalities of Halsbrücke , Hilbersdorf , Bobritzsch , Weißenborn , Oberschöna and the boroughs of Brand-Erbisdorf and Großschirma . In a narrower sense the name refers to the area covered by the Freiburg and Halsbrück mining territories (Freiberger and Halsbrücker Grubenfelder). The Brand Mining Field ( Brander Revier ) immediately to

62-467: A notable cathedral containing two famous Gottfried Silbermann organs. There are two other organs made by Gottfried Silbermann in the town – one at the St. Peter's Church ( Petrikirche ) and the other one at the St. James' Church ( Jakobikirche ). The Renaissance part of Freiberg, built after a fire destroyed the town in 1484, stands under heritage protection. In 1913, silver mining was discontinued due to

93-600: A boundary between two variants of the Upper Saxon dialect : the Southeast Meissen dialect ( Südostmeißnisch ) to the east and the South Meissen dialect ( Südmeißnisch ) to the west of the town, both belonging to the five Meissen dialects, as well as just north of the border of the dialect region of East Erzgebirgisch . The nucleus of the town, the former forest village of Christiansdorf lies in

124-703: A burial place for the Albertines , and the Golden Gate ( Goldene Pforte ), of which exist three replicas in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Moscow and Budapest. Freiberg's christmas market Freiberger Christmarkt is typical for christmas markets in the Ore Mountain region, which are characterized by a strong connection to mining and the typical christmas decorations of this region like Raachermannel , Schwibbögen and Christmas pyramids . The town lies on

155-721: A tributary of the Mulde River. It is a Große Kreisstadt (large district town), and the administrative seat of Landkreis Mittelsachsen (district Central Saxony). Freiberg is connected to Dresden by the S3 line of the Dresden S-Bahn . The entire historic center of the Silver City is under monument protection, and together with local monuments of mining history such as the Reiche Zeche ore mine, it has been part of

186-685: Is a university and former mining town in Saxony , Germany, with around 41,000 inhabitants. The city lies in the foreland of the Ore Mountains , in the Saxon urbanization axis, which runs along the northern edge of the Elster and Ore Mountains , stretching from Plauen in the southwest via Zwickau , Chemnitz and Freiberg to Dresden in the northeast. It sits on the Freiberger Mulde ,

217-458: Is formed by the towns of Nossen , Roßwein , Großschirma , Freiberg and Brand-Erbisdorf . It currently has about 75,000 inhabitants. Freiberg is located about 31 kilometres (19 miles) west-southwest of Dresden , about 31 kilometres east-northeast of Chemnitz , about 82 kilometres (51 miles) southeast of Leipzig , about 179 kilometres (111 miles) south of Berlin , and about 120 kilometres (75 miles) northwest of Prague . Freiberg lies on

248-407: Is on an old mining tip at 491 m above NHN . Freiberg lies within a region of old forest clearances , subsequently used by the mining industry which left its mark on the landscape. The town is surrounded to the north, southeast and southwest by woods, and in the other directions by fields and meadows. Since the beginning of the 21st century an urbanised area has gradually developed which

279-674: The Freiberg Germany Temple here because of the large number of members in the region. The building of this temple is considered quite historic by church members given the political climate in Eastern Europe at the time. The Freiberg Germany Temple serves members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from all over Eastern Germany and a majority of Eastern Europe. On 6 July 2019, the Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region including Freiberg

310-468: The mining and smelting industries. Since then it has restructured into a high technology site in the fields of semiconductor manufacture and solar technology , part of Silicon Saxony . Freiberg Cathedral is one of the most richly furnished houses of worship in Saxony and contains important works of art such as the tulip pulpit, two Gottfried Silbermann organs, the choir, which was converted into

341-694: The B 101 south of Freiberg is the Große Kreisstadt of Brand-Erbisdorf and to the east is the municipality of Oberschöna . [REDACTED] Margraviate of Meissen 1186–1423 [REDACTED]   Electorate of Saxony 1423–1806 [REDACTED]   Kingdom of Saxony 1806–1871 [REDACTED]   German Empire 1871–1918 [REDACTED]   Weimar Republic 1918–1933 [REDACTED]   Nazi Germany 1933–1945 [REDACTED]   Allied-occupied Germany 1945–1949 [REDACTED]   German Democratic Republic 1949–1990 [REDACTED]   Germany 1990– present The town

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372-587: The Freiberg Art Award and the election of the Mining Town Queen ( Bergstadt-Königin ). The Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (Freiberg University of Mining and Technology or Freiberg Mining Academy, University of Technology) was established in 1765 by Prince Franz Xaver, regent of Saxony, based on plans by Friedrich Wilhelm von Oppel and Friedrich Anton von Heynitz , and is the oldest extant university of mining and metallurgy in

403-740: The Freiberg area began here in the 12th century. This includes a steadily developed water supply system for the benefit of the mining industry, the Revierwasserlaufanstalt Freiberg . Within this mining region there were, historically, a large number of smelteries and, even today, there are still various active smelting works, for example in Muldenhütten  [ de ; es ] . 50°55′10″N 13°21′00″E  /  50.91944°N 13.35000°E  / 50.91944; 13.35000 Freiberg Freiberg

434-743: The SAXONIA Miners Music Corps. This includes a traditional Sermon on the Mount in St. Peter's Church and waiting by the miners on the second Saturday in Advent. Firmly established is the potter's gathering on a weekend in the second half of April on the Upper Market ( Obermarkt ). Every year on the Drei Brüder Schacht mineshaft in the quarter of Zug there is a model steam engine gathering . Other annual events include

465-520: The UNESCO World Heritage Site Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region since 2019 due to its exceptional testimony to the development of mining techniques across many centuries. Freiberg University of Mining and Technology ( Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg ), founded in 1765, is the oldest university of mining and metallurgy in the world. Until 1969, the town was dominated for around 800 years by

496-545: The area and the union — in many aspects — represent the only meaningful European center of microelectronics. Many of those firms have very research and capital intensive business models competing with subsidized global players, mainly from Asia . The companies develop and produce computer calculation and memory chips or new materials and electronics for solar companies. The developed and produced small semiconductors chips are used in all kinds of cars, mobile phones, TV sets and so on. Even before Germany's reunification, Dresden

527-458: The boundary of the borough. Between Kleinwaltersdorf and Lößnitz is the Nonnenwald wood, and east of Leipziger Straße is a trading estate. In the area around Freiberg there are both industrial estates as well as agricultural and recreational areas. Smelting and metalworking firms are based at Muldenhütten and Halsbrücke and paper manufacturers at Weißenborn and Großschirma. Northeast of

558-730: The decline in the price of silver. Resumed before the Second World War, mining activities for lead, zinc and tin extraction continued until 1969. In 1944, a subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp was built outside the town of Freiberg. It housed over 500 female survivors of other camps, including Auschwitz . Altogether 50 or so SS women worked in this camp until its evacuation in April 1945. The female survivors eventually reached Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria. In 1985, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints built

589-578: The main road axis is called Unterstadt ("Lower Town"), with its lower market or Untermarkt . The western area is the Oberstadt ("Upper Town") where the Obermarkt or "Upper Market" is situated. The town centre is surrounded by a green belt running along the old town wall. In the west, this belt, in which the ponds of the Kreuzteichen are set, broadens out into an area like a park. Just north of

620-485: The northern declivity of the Ore Mountains , with the majority of the borough west of the Eastern or Freiberger Mulde river. Parts of the town are nestled in the valleys of Münzbach and Goldbach streams. Its centre has an altitude of about 412 m above  sea level (NHN) (at the railway station). Its lowest point is on Münzbach on the town boundary at 340 m above NHN ; its highest point

651-426: The sector demands a high concentration of resources to succeed. Dresden , as core-region of Silicon Saxony and yet without the headquarters of many of today's big companies, is nevertheless a very remarkable technology center with one large Technical University (German TU), ten other universities and most of all an unparalleled density of semi-public institutes of applied high-technologies in many fields (for example

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682-484: The sector is constantly under pressure because South Korea in particular is very keen to attract the industry. Saxony and Germany are however bound to the competition laws of the European Union , but was able to keep and expand most of the research parts of the industry that it had started with. These parts are seen as successful, but also as very risky whenever a larger company has serious problems because

713-560: The south comprises just the one mining territory, the Brander Grubenfeld . The most important mineral deposits are the ores blue lead ( galena ), zincblende ( sphalerite ), fool's gold ( pyrite ), arsenical iron ( arsenopyrite ), argentiferous grey copper ore ( freibergite ), dark-red silver ores ( Pyrargyrite ), and silver glance . The most important non-metallic materials are: quartz , calcareous spar ( calcite ), heavy spar ( baryte ) and fluorspar ( fluorite ). Mining in

744-613: The town centre is Freudenstein Castle as well as the remnants of the town wall with several wall towers and Schlüsselteich pond in front of them. The remains of the wall run eastwards, in sections, to the Donats Tower . This area is dominated by the historic moat . The southern boundary of the old town is characterised in places by buildings from the Gründerzeit period. The B 101 federal road, here called Wallstraße , flanks

775-571: The town is the recreational area of the Tharandt Forest The town of Großschirma lies north of Freiberg on the B 101 federal road. To the northeast the municipality of Halsbrücke borders on the territory of Freiberg's borough and, to the east, is the municipality of Bobritzsch-Hilbersdorf . The municipality of Weißenborn to the southeast belongs to the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Lichtenberg/Erzgebirge . On

806-510: The valley of the Münzbach stream. The unwalled town centre grew up on its two slopes and on the ridge to the west. This means inter alia that the roads radiating outwards east of the old main road axis (today Erbische Straße and Burgstraße running from the former Erbisch Gate ( Erbischer Tor ) on Postplatz to Freudenstein Castle ), some of which run as far as the opposite side of the Münzbach valley, are very steep. The area located east of

837-480: The west of the town centre, the B 173 , as Schillerstraße and Hornstraße , bounds it to the south. Freiberg's north is dominated by the campus of its University of Mining and Technology . The main part of the campus on either side of Leipziger Straße (as the B 101 road, the most important transport link in this district) emerged in the 1950s and 1960s. Furthermore, the districts of Lossnitz , Lößnitz and Kleinwaltersdorf are found here, extending almost out to

868-442: The world. Freiberg is twinned with: [REDACTED] Media related to Freiberg (Sachsen) at Wikimedia Commons Silicon Saxony Silicon Saxony is a registered industry association of 555 companies in the microelectronics and related sectors in Saxony , Germany , with around 40,000 employees. Many, but not all, of those firms are situated in the north of Dresden . With a name chosen referring to Silicon Valley ,

899-527: Was a major center of microelectronics in the Eastern bloc with 3,500 employees. While mechanical engineering , which has a long history in the south of eastern Germany, suffered after the collapse of the Soviet Union , the microelectronics industry was, with public help from the state, one of the first industrial sectors in Saxony to recover. Although having many more employees today than before 1990,

930-547: Was founded around 1168, after a silver discovery led to the first Berggeschrey , and has been a centre of the mining industry in the Ore Mountains for centuries. A symbol of that history is the Freiberg University of Mining and Technology , often just known as the Mining Academy ( Bergakademie ), established in 1765 and the oldest extant university of mining and metallurgy in the world. Freiberg also has

961-603: Was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Every year in Freiberg the Mining Town Festival ( Bergstadtfest ) is held on the last weekend in June with a procession by the historic Miners' and Ironworkers' Guilds, the so-called Miners' and Ironworkers' Parade. The Freiberg Christmas Market takes place during Advent , when a so-called Mettenschicht is held with a parade by the Miners' and Ironworkers' Guilds and

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