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71-543: The first festival took place in 1994 and was the idea of a businessman from Oudtshoorn, Nic Barrow, and a former Public Relations Manager for the South African publishing firm Naspers , Andrew Marais. Annually the KKNK attracts more than 1,000 artists performing or exhibiting in more than 200 productions and exhibitions over eight days; usually at the end of March or the beginning of April. The festival has come to play

142-590: A Sotho township, was the first formal housing projects to be approved by the municipality in 1956. Physical buffers such as the railway line and roads were put into place to separate black ethnic groups, the white and coloured population. Eleven thousand housing structures, of which approximately 6,000 were government-built rental accommodations, were erected in Mangaung between 1952 and 1968. In 1968, Mangaung faced severe housing shortages when as many as 3,000 to 6,000 housing units were needed. To counter this problem,

213-574: A motocross track (tempe) run by the Bloemfontein Off Road Club, as well as a go-kart circuit (M&F Raceway), which was closed down in early 2015. Bloemfontein has a comprehensive shooting centre 20 km (12 mi) south of the city, offering most forms of shooting, including various clay target, pistol, and rifle disciplines. Bloemfontein's shooting sports community has produced many provincial and national representatives. Bloemfontein's Metallic Silhouette Shooting Range

284-423: A 55 km eastward expansion called Botshabelo was added in 1979. The Bloemfontein municipality channelled off all black urbanisation to Thaba Nchu and Botshabelo, which were developed as a source of cheap labour for the city of Bloemfontein. A subsidised bus service was established, and Botshabelo was declared a decentralisation point, meaning it was designated to become an industrial development point to reduce

355-467: A British outpost in the Transoranje region, at that stage occupied by various groups of peoples including !Orana (so-called "Korana" of the ǀHõaǁʼaes, ǀHũdiǁʼaes, Einiǁʼaes, and others), Cape Colony Trek Boers , Griqua (at that time known as "Baasters") and Barolong . Warden initially chose the site primarily because of its proximity to the main route to Winburg , the spacious open country, and

426-684: A South African focused venture capital fund. In 1914, twelve years after the end of the Second Boer War which had devastated most of South Africa and left most Afrikaners impoverished and subject to the British Empire , a group of prominent Cape Afrikaners decided at a meeting in Stellenbosch to form a publishing company that would support Afrikaner nationalism in the Union of South Africa . This meeting led to W. A. Hofmeyr,

497-501: A central role in Afrikaans stage productions - new productions are usually first staged at the KKNK and are then performed throughout the rest of South Africa during the rest of the year. Economically the KKNK has been a source of growth for the town and its surrounding region, with many private individuals and institutions benefitting from renting out accommodation, halls and grounds during the festival. This article related to

568-548: A festival in Africa is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This South Africa-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Naspers Naspers Limited is a South African multinational internet , technology and multimedia holding company headquartered in Cape Town , with interests in online retail, publishing and venture capital investment. Naspers' principal shareholder

639-547: A festival was appropriate, given the area's name. In 1976, the events spanned over a few days and included activities related to roses in the Sanlam Plaza. Since then, the rose festival has expanded and grown to meet the needs and interests of the public. Horticulturalists are invited to participate in competitions to design and improve unkempt gardens around the city. Festival activities occur in private gardens all over Bloemfontein as city residents open their gardens to

710-407: A green environment, such as solar power, grey water systems, vegetable tunnels, JoJo tank systems, etc. Bloemfontein houses many institutions of learning, from pre-schools to universities and colleges. Classes are taught in different languages from school to school, with some even teaching all their classes in two languages. The languages are predominantly Afrikaans , English, and Sesotho . There

781-676: A paper called the Rapport managed by both groups. In 1965, Naspers launched their first English-language magazine Fairlady . In 1974, the Afrikaans newspaper Beeld began publishing daily for the Johannesburg market. Naspers entered the South African general and educational book publishing markets in 1918, initially publishing exclusively in Afrikaans . The company expanded to English-language titles in 1919 and Xhosa in 1922. Naspers spun off its book publishing operations in 1950 into

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852-478: A separate business, Nasionale Boekhandel . In 1963, Naspers recommenced educational publishing operations through subsidiary Nasou. In 1973, Naspers took back control of Nasionale Boekhandel, before acquiring another publishing house Human & Rousseau in 1977. Naspers continued to develop its book publishing business during the 1980s, forming the Afrikaans-language book club Leserskring in 1979 and

923-516: A well-known Cape lawyer and National Party organizer; founding De Nasionale Pers Beperkt (National Press Ltd) in 1915 as a publisher of newspapers and magazines. The firm's name was commonly shortened to Naspers ( De Nas ionale Pers Beperk ), the contraction eventually becoming used even by the company itself. Naspers launched with the support of Jannie Marais , a prominent Stellenbosch farmer, Jan Christiaan Smuts , Louis Botha , and National Party founding president J.B.M. Hertzog . Naspers

994-521: Is a Further Education and Training College called Motheo FET College, which comprises three main campuses (Thaba N'chu, Hillside View, and Bloemfontein) and satellite campuses in Zastron, Philippolis, and Botshabelo.Motheo TVET College The private sector mainly drives Bloemfontein's economy. Bloemfontein's share of National GDP, employment, and population is the lowest among the benchmark group of South African and Southern African cities, falling just below

1065-509: Is a South Africa-focused early stage venture capital fund that invests in firms that "address big societal needs". Naspers Foundry ceased investment operations in March 2023, though it maintained its existing investments. Bloemfontein Bloemfontein ( / ˈ b l uː m f ɒ n t eɪ n / BLOOM -fon-tayn ; Afrikaans: [ˈblumfɔntɛin] ), also known as Bloem ,

1136-730: Is also hosted at the Waterfront, along with the Miss Volksblad Rosebud competition for girls aged 3–4 years old, organised in conjunction with the Volksblad daily newspaper. The Rose Morning High Tea usually occurs at the Urth Garden Centre, where tea and treats are served. The Urth Garden Centre is a retail and wholesale nursery that is located on Kenneth Kaunda Road in Bloemfontein. The crowning of

1207-531: Is its Dutch listed investment subsidiary Prosus , which owns approximately 49% of its parent as part of a cross ownership structure. Founded in 1915 by attorney W. A. Hofmeyr, Naspers was the largest publishing company in South Africa throughout the 20th century with interests across newspapers, magazines and books. In the 1980s, the company began to diversify, launching a subscription television service and investing in markets outside of South Africa for

1278-615: Is one of the top metallic silhouette shooting ranges in the world. Three IMSSU international championships have been held here : Bloemfontein has two rock climbing clubs with a wall and boulder cave. Every year Bloemfontein, the 'City of Roses', celebrates the 'Bloemfontein Rose Festival', also known as the 'Mangaung Rose Festival', in October—the cool month in which roses in the Free State bloom best. The majority of

1349-702: Is the capital and the largest city of the Free State province in South Africa . It is often, and has been traditionally, referred to as the country's "judicial capital", alongside the legislative capital Cape Town and administrative capital Pretoria , although the highest court in South Africa, the Constitutional Court , has been in Johannesburg since 1994. Situated at an elevation of 1,395 m (4,577 ft) above sea level,

1420-929: Is the largest consumer internet company in Europe, and among the largest technology investors in the world, operating across a variety of platforms and geographies. As part of a share swap deal announced in May 2021, Prosus acquired a 49% stake in its parent company Naspers. Other major holdings of Prosus include: Prosus is also the largest shareholder of social Internet platforms: Naspers South Africa operates three media, e-commerce & venture capital businesses in South Africa: Naspers wholly owns Media24 , Africa's largest publisher, printer, and distributor of magazines and related products, as well its largest newspaper publisher. Naspers wholly owns Takealot.com , South Africa's largest online retailer. Naspers Foundry

1491-459: Is very common but snow is rare. Snowfall was reported in August 2006 with snowfalls occurring again at the airport on 26 July 2007. As recently as August 2020 and July 2021 very light snow fell across the city with heavier snowfall on 4 June 2024. In addition, the city's highland elevation allows for exceptional temperature diurnal of about 15-20°C (27-36°F) Bloemfontein suburbs include Heidedal to

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1562-506: The Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality , which was upgraded from a Local Municipality in 2011. The Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality elects a municipal council for five-year periods through a mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) system in which wards elect individual councillors alongside those named from party lists. Voters get two votes: one for a representative to become a ward councillor and

1633-689: The National Party of the Orange Free State , and to lay down its principles, following Hertzog's exit from the South African Party in 1913. The National Party grew to govern South Africa in 1948 and implement the policy of racial segregation known as apartheid . When the National Party won the 1948 South African national government elections , they began implementing the policy known as apartheid . The policy

1704-751: The National Women's Monument , the Anglo-Boer War Museum , the National Museum , and the Oliewenhuis Art Museum . Bloemfontein also hosts the first digital planetarium in the southern hemisphere, the Naval Hill Planetarium, and Boyden Observatory , an astronomical research observatory. Bloemfontein is popularly and poetically known as "the city of roses" for its abundance of these flowers and

1775-713: The South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State , South Africa became a Union. Due to disagreements over where the Union's capital should be, a compromise was reached that allowed Bloemfontein to host Appellate Division and become the Union's judicial capital. Bloemfontein was also given financial compensation. On 8 January 1912, the South African Native National Congress (SANNC)

1846-591: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission requested that Naspers make a submission about the years between 1960 and 1994 (thus, broadly, between the Sharpeville massacre , in March 1960, and the first democratic elections of April 1994), specifically, the media's role during this period. Naspers refused to comply, which led to 127 Naspers employees each making an individual submission to the TRC, apologising for their role in

1917-902: The 1990s. In 1994, Naspers became publicly listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa. The company also obtained a Level I American Depository Receipt listing on the London Stock Exchange . In 1998, the company formally changed its name to Naspers Limited. Naspers became increasingly focused on digital businesses; launching South African web portal Media24 and online retailer Kalahari.com in 1998 and Chinese-focused web portal SportCN in 2000. In May 2001, Naspers purchased 46.5 percent of Chinese internet company Tencent , owner of WeChat , and an array of fintech apps and mobile games, from early investors including PCCW (the owner of Now TV ) and IDG Capital . The investment has been referred to as one of

1988-650: The Blue Bulls in 2006 and retained the Currie Cup title in 2007 by beating the Golden Lions , resulting in the Cheetahs remaining Currie Cup champions until 2008 when the failed to make the final for the first time since 2004. 2009 saw the Cheetahs return to the Currie Cup final, but they could not beat the Blue Bulls at Loftus Versfeld . In 2016, the Cheetahs won the Currie Cup after a perfect season, beating

2059-590: The Blue Bulls in Bloemfontein. The Knights cricket team representing the Free State and Northern Cape in various series is located at Mangaung Oval , part of the Free State Stadium complex. Bloemfontein features as a regular venue for touring international and local cricket teams. The town has one of the most active soaring communities in South Africa and the world, using the New Tempe Airport , north of Bloemfontein. Bloemfontein has

2130-570: The British in occupying the city later. The writer J. R. R. Tolkien was born in the city on 3 January 1892. However, his family left Orange Free State (now Free State province , South Africa) following the death of his father, Arthur Tolkien , when Tolkien was three (1895). He recorded that his earliest memories were of "a hot country". In 1899, the city was the site of the Bloemfontein Conference , which failed to prevent

2201-698: The English-language book club Leisure Hour. In 1986, Naspers acquired publisher JL van Schaik. In 1984, Naspers acquired Drum Publications, publisher of the Sunday newspaper City Press and weekly magazines Drum and True Love & Family , titles focused on a black readership. In 1986, Naspers formed a partnership with other South African publishing companies and launched pay-TV service M-Net . M-Net proved successful and, with sister companies MultiChoice and M-Web , steadily expanded its operations both in South Africa and internationally throughout

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2272-758: The King and Mangaung in the year of nomination. The Mangaung Rose Classic Cycle Tour is a road race that takes place during the festival every year. The event is organised by AfriCycle Tours, and the dates are announced annually. The race starts at the Urth, and the race distances include 22 km, 56 km, and 106 km. This expo forms part of the Mangaung/Bloemfontein Rose Festival and gives 'green' and organic local businesses an opportunity to promote their businesses. This includes showcasing different products and services that support

2343-546: The Maphikela House (where the African National Congress started) is situated. The Free State Stadium and the surrounding sports complex are the primary sports venues in the city and province. The venue was the hosting stadium of the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa matches played in Bloemfontein. There are several other sports venues in the city, however, including facilities belonging to

2414-571: The NP before the 1987 elections. The company had then also pledged a further R220,000 in support of the NP ahead of South Africa's last race-based general elections, in September 1989. Vosloo ended his letter, promising funding to the NP in Transvaal, by adding that "our newspaper Beeld in the Transvaal is your ally and we trust that this formidable combination will wipe out the competition." In 1997,

2485-574: The Russian internet company VK . Documents collected by OpenSecrets revealed how Naspers funded the National Party (NP) during apartheid , and that the NP also held 74,000 shares in Naspers in 1984. In a letter written to F.W. de Klerk , on 17 August 1989, Naspers' then managing director Ton Vosloo reaffirmed the company's support of the National Party. Vosloo reminded de Klerk of its donation of R150,000 (approximately R1-million today), made to

2556-520: The South African competition authorities. On 9 May 2017, it was announced that the South African competition authorities approved the proposed sale of M-Web, with 31 May 2017 being the effective commencement date. In March 2018 Naspers sold part of its stake in Tencent, raising some $ 10 billion to fund other investments. At the time, its initial investment of $ 32 million in Tencent was valued at over $ 175 billion. Naspers' video entertainment business

2627-570: The absence of horse sickness . Bloemfontein was the original farm of Johannes Nicolaas Brits, born on 21 February 1790, owner and first inhabitant of Bloemfontein. Johann – as he was known – sold the farm to Major Warden. With colonial policy shifts, the region changed into the Orange River Sovereignty (1848–1854) and eventually the Orange Free State Republic (1854–1902). From 1902 to 1910, it served as

2698-407: The annual rose festival held there. The city is situated in the middle of the country; hence it is referred to as "Central South Africa". The city's Sesotho name is Mangaung , meaning "place of cheetahs ". Though historically a !Orana and Barolong settlement, and then a Boer settlement, Bloemfontein was officially founded in 1846 as a fort by British Army major Henry Douglas Warden as

2769-555: The apartheid years. They said Naspers newspapers had formed an integral part of the power structure which implemented and maintained apartheid through, for instance, supporting the NP in elections and referendums. In 2015, Media24 CEO Esmare Weideman issued a case-limited apology citing a single employee, Conrad Sidego, who had experienced problems with separate facilities. She did not issue an unqualified apology for Naspers's role in supporting apartheid. Naspers has two principal business units; Prosus & Naspers South Africa. Prosus

2840-536: The capital of the Orange River Colony and since that time as the provincial capital of the Free State . In 1910, it became the Judicial capital of the Union of South Africa . A possible etymology for the city's name is that it is called Bloemfontein lit. "Bloem's fountain", after Jan Bloem II, a Griqua leader. The Orange Free State was an independent Boer Republic in southern Africa during

2911-669: The city is home to 256,185 (as of 2011) residents and forms part of the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality which has a population of 747,431. It was one of the host cities for the 2010 FIFA World Cup . The city of Bloemfontein hosts the Supreme Court of Appeal , the Franklin Game Reserve, Naval Hill , the Maselspoort Resort and the Sand du Plessis Theatre . The city hosts numerous museums, including

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2982-583: The city of Port Elizabeth . The city's share of the National GDP is 1.73%, with a share of national employment at 1.86% and a share of the national population at 1.67%. Bloemfontein's GDP growth, at 0.57% in 2015, stood in the lower half of the benchmark group of cities. Like other major cities in South Africa, Bloemfontein's GDP growth has slowly decreased in recent years. The city is home to two of South Africa's top construction and infrastructure companies. Raubex Group Ltd, established in 1974 and listed on

3053-556: The company. In 1925, Die Volksblad started publishing daily. In 1937, it started Die Oosterlig in the Eastern Cape. Also in 1937, Nasionale Pers set up the company Voortrekkerpers in the Transvaal to support the National Party in Transvaal by publishing Die Transvaler . Initially the Cape National Party tried to control the extremism of the National Party in the Transvaal by appointing Hendrik Verwoerd as

3124-470: The council demarcated three locations in the following areas; the black population was to move to the area that lay to the right of a neighbourhood that was known as Kaffirfontein, Coloureds were to move to the Waaihoek Black residential area on the eastern outskirts of the town. The inhabitants of these settlements had to pay the so-called hut tax and grazing rights tax. This laid the foundation for

3195-465: The day of its IPO , with Prosus' market capitalisation exceeding 125 billion pounds (US$ 138 billion). Prosus reported profits of $ 4.2 billion for its fiscal year ending 31 March 2019. Naspers Labs, designed in partnership with RLabs and its founder Marlon Parker, launched in 2019 as an economic initiative for unemployed youth in South Africa. In May 2021, Naspers announced a share swap deal with its Dutch-listed subsidiary Prosus in an attempt to reduce

3266-464: The discount between the asset value of the companies and their market capitalisation. The deal, successfully completed in August 2021, reduced Naspers' stake in Prosus to 56.92% and gave Prosus an approximately 49% share in its parent company. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , Naspers (through its subsidiary Prosus) wrote off its 27.29% investment, previously valued at US$ 769 million, in

3337-436: The distance between the place of employment and the place of residence. In 1988, approximately 14,500 people were commuting daily between Botshabelo and Bloemfontein. This meant that 55% of Botshabelo's workforce was employed outside the city. In 1994, after the disestablishment of the apartheid government, Bloemfontein, Botshabelo, and Thaba Nchu became part of Motheo District Municipality . The Motheo District Municipality

3408-493: The east and southeast, Bain's Vlei , Woodland Hills Wildlife Estate , Brandwag , Ehrlich Park , Fauna , Fichardt Park , Fleurdal , Gardenia Park , Generaal De Wet , Hospitaalpark , Kiepersol, Lourier Park , Park West, Pellissier , Uitsig , Universitas , Westdene , Wilgehof and Willows to the south of the city. In the centre is Bloemfontein Central . To the west of Bloemfontein, you will find Langenhoven Park . To

3479-536: The events happen at the Loch Logan Waterfront in Bloemfontein. The festival attracts rose enthusiasts from all over South Africa and the world to participate in and experience this grand showcase of roses and other local events and attractions. The festival has made Bloemfontein a popular tourist destination with thousands of people attending the festival annually. The first rose festival occurred in 1976, when council members decided that hosting such

3550-605: The first time. In 2001, Naspers made an early investment in Chinese technology firm Tencent and became increasingly focused on the global consumer internet sector. In 2019, Naspers listed its global internet investment business unit Prosus (including a 31% stake in Tencent) on Euronext Amsterdam. Naspers currently owns a 56.92% stake in Prosus and wholly owns Media24 (Africa's largest publishing company), Takealot.com (South Africa's largest online retailer) and Naspers Foundry,

3621-607: The general public. Most festival activities occur at the Loch Logan Waterfront, the largest shopping centre in central South Africa. It spans about 80 000 m of space and is the hub of shopping, entertainment, sport, and culture in Bloemfontein. The waterfront displays flowers created by local nurseries as well as the official municipal display created by the parks department, which the Mangaung Municipality organises. The Free State Rose Society's champion Rose Cut Competition, with approximately 700 entrants every year,

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3692-455: The general vegetation is Highveld grassland. Bloemfontein experiences a Cold Semi-arid climate ( Köppen BSk), with hot summer days and cool, dry winters with frosty nights. Rainfall usually arrives in the summer months, often in the form of dramatic but short-lived afternoon/evening thunderstorms that serve as a temporary relief from the heat. The city tends to be dry and dusty in winter with freezing nights and mostly mild, sunny days. Frost

3763-650: The historic 4–1 defeat of England by Germany in the round of 16 Bloemfontein's Free State Stadium is home to two rugby union teams; the Cheetahs , who as of 2023 compete as in invited side in the EPCR Challenge Cup , and the Free State Cheetahs who play in the domestic Currie Cup . The Free State Cheetahs won the Currie Cup in 2005 against the Blue Bulls ; they drew the final with

3834-586: The implementation of residential urban segregation as envisaged by the architects of apartheid. When the South African apartheid government passed the Group Areas Act of 1950, the Bloemfontein municipality put into effect changes in the racial set-up of the city. The municipality demolished the Cape Stands residential area, which was occupied by the city's coloured population , and moved

3905-600: The largest single investment made, outside of China, into a food tech company. In 2015, Naspers merged its South African–focused Kalahari.com online retail business with market leader Takealot.com , acquiring a 46% stake in the merged company and creating South Africa's largest online retailer. By 2018, Naspers owned 96% of Takealot.com. In December 2016, Naspers announced that it had entered into an agreement to sell telecommunications company M-Web to Internet Solutions (a subsidiary of Japanese telecommunications conglomerate Nippon Telegraph and Telephone ), pending approval by

3976-437: The most successful venture capital deals of all time. Making Naspers the most valuable publicly traded business in Africa by 2017. In 2003, Naspers took full ownership of subscription television business M-Net and its sister companies MultiChoice and M-Web, integrating their extensive operations across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Middle East. Naspers also launched new publishing ventures in Nigeria and Hungary in 2003. With

4047-418: The north you will find Arboretum , Baysvalley , Bayswater , Dan Pienaar , Helicon Heights, Heuwelsig , Hillsboro, Hillside, Hilton, Naval Hill , Navalsig , Noordhoek , Pentagon Park, Panorama Park, and Waverley . To the northeast, you will find Roodewal and Vallombrosa. The predominantly black suburbs are Rocklands, Phahameng, Phelindaba, Bloemanda, Bochabela, JB Mafora, and the most historic Batho, where

4118-452: The other for a political party. The latter vote distributes seats in the municipal council amongst parties, while the former distributes seats through the individual representatives. Bloemfontein is located in central South Africa on the southern edge of the Highveld at an elevation of 1,400 metres (4,600 ft), bordering on the semi-arid region of the Karoo . The area is generally flat with occasional hills ("koppies" in Afrikaans ), and

4189-417: The outbreak of the Second Boer War . The conference was a final attempt to avert a war between Britain and the South African Republic , and its failure set the stage for war, which broke out on 11 October 1899. On 13 March 1900, following the Battle of Paardeberg , the British captured the city and built a concentration camp nearby to house Boer women and children. In 1913, the National Women's Monument

4260-427: The paper's first editor but he would side with Transvaal branch and Nationale Pers gave up editorial control in 1939. In order to combat the influence of Albert Hertzog in the Transvaal National Party, Nationale Pers introduced a more enlightened Sunday newspaper in 1965 in the province called the Die Beeld in competition to the Dagbreek . By 1970, these two papers, the latter owned by Perskor , to merge into

4331-403: The republic's governance and compensation from the British for the loss of the diamond-rich Griqua Land area. The old Orange Free State's presidential residence, the Old Presidency , is currently a museum and cultural space in the city. A railway line was built in 1890 connecting Bloemfontein to Cape Town . The railway line provided a centrally located railway station and proved critical to

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4402-490: The residents to Heidedal . However, due to Coloureds living in such proximity to black people, intermarriages across racial lines occurred, resulting in a partially mixed population in Heidedal and Mangaung . In 1952, the Bloemfontein municipality began building new residential areas for the city's black population. New residential areas to separate ethnic groups such as Sotho , Xhosa and Tswana were formed. The residential areas were jointly known as Mangaung. Phahameng,

4473-519: The second half of the 19th century. Extending between the Orange and Vaal rivers, its borders were determined by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1848 when the region was proclaimed as the Orange River Sovereignty , with a seat of a British Resident in Bloemfontein. As the capital of the Orange Free State Republic, the growth and maturing of the republic resulted in the development of Bloemfontein. The city constructed numerous public buildings that remain in use today, facilitated by

4544-517: The success of the investment in Tencent, Naspers became an investor in a number of consumer internet startups. In January 2007 Naspers purchased a 30% share of Russia's largest internet company VK (company) (formerly Mail.ru Group) for $ 165 million. Naspers had a particular focus on India, investing more than $ 4 billion from 2014 to 2019, across multiple sectors, including into Byju and ibibo . In December 2018, Naspers invested $ 1 billion into Indian online food ordering and delivery service Swiggy ,

4615-417: The university, schools and sports clubs. Other stadiums in the city are Mangaung Oval , Dr. Petrus Molemela Stadium and Clive Solomons Stadium . Bloemfontein was joint home (together with nearby Botshabelo ) to South African Premiership team Bloemfontein Celtic before the team sold their franchise in 2021. Some of the matches of the 2010 FIFA World Cup were played at the Free State Stadium, including

4686-409: Was built on separate development of ethnic groups, and racial segregation was enforced. In Bloemfontein, residential segregation had begun in the 19th century with the passing of Ordinance 1 of 1860, which determined that no non-white, without written permission from the landlord (British government), had the right to occupy urban land in towns where local municipalities did not yet exist. On 3 June 1861,

4757-437: Was constructed on the outskirts of the city to commemorate all Boer civilians who died in concentration camps during the war. The hill in town was named Naval Hill after the naval guns brought in by the British to fortify the position against attack. On 31 May 1910, exactly eight years after the Boers signed the Peace Treaty of Vereeniging that ended the Anglo-Boer War between the British Empire and two Boer states ,

4828-492: Was disestablished on 18 May 2011, and Mangaung was upgraded to become an autonomous metropolitan municipality with Bloemfontein as the main seat. Until 1994, the city was South Africa's sole judicial capital. It remains the seat for the Supreme Court of Appeal (formerly the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court). The city is also an administrative centre with many private hospitals and educational institutions. Free State Provincial Government building Bloemfontein forms part of

4899-479: Was founded in Bloemfontein. The Union of South Africa had not granted rights to black South Africans, causing the organisation's creation. Its primary aim was to fight for the rights of black South Africans. During the implementation of pass laws , the city saw major demonstrations that forced South African authorities to exempt women from them for nearly four decades. From 1 to 9 January 1914, James Barry Munnik Hertzog and his supporters met in Bloemfontein to form

4970-472: Was spun off as MultiChoice Group , on 27 February 2019, represented as MCG on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange . Shares in Multichoice Group were unbundled to Naspers shareholders, with Naspers retaining no stake in the newly listed company. Still in 2019, Naspers listed its global internet investment business on Euronext Amsterdam as Prosus , which became Europe's largest consumer Internet company on its market debut. Share values gained over 25 percent on

5041-402: Was strongly supportive of the National Party and began publishing the Afrikaans-language daily De Burger (later renamed Die Burger ) in June 1915, followed by its first magazine, De Huisgenoot (later Die Huisgenoot ) in 1916. In 1917, Naspers bought the weekly Bloemfontein -based Afrikaan newspaper Het Volksblad (now Volksblad ), the first expansion beyond the Cape Province for

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