KU Leuven ( Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ) is a Catholic research university in the city of Leuven, Belgium . Founded in 1425, it is the oldest university in Belgium and the oldest university in the Low Countries .
62-696: In addition to its main campus in Leuven, it has satellite campuses in Kortrijk , Antwerp , Ghent , Bruges , Ostend , Geel , Diepenbeek , Aalst , Sint-Katelijne-Waver , and in Belgium's capital Brussels . KU Leuven is the largest university in Belgium and the Low Countries and the largest Dutch-language university in the world. In 2021–22, more than 65,000 students were enrolled, with 21% being international students. Its primary language of instruction
124-676: A "Commission in charge of the management of the goods of the abolished university in Leuven", set up in 1797 and active until 1813. They passed to the National Archives of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and ultimately to the National Archives of Belgium . Although the archives of the old University of Leuven have been recognized as world heritage by UNESCO, until today there is no complete history of
186-2405: A Vobis tantum regenda Studiorum Universitate consilium significastis, sed etiam expositis commodis, quae tum animarum salus, tum Religio ipsa inde possunt accipere, Apostolica Nostra Auctoritate probari illud voluistis. Hanc Vos rationem sequuti, id egistis, quod ab antiquis temporibus consuetudo induxit, quodque debita huic Sanctae Sedi reverentia et observantia merito exigit. Cum enim ad Romanos Pontifices pro concredito Ipsis Apostolici Officii munere maxime pertineat Catholicam Fidem tueri sanctaeque ejus doctrinae depositum integrum ac intemeratum custodire; Eorum quoque esse debet Sacrarum Disciplinarum, quae publice in Universitatibus traditur, institutionem moderari. Atque haec causa fuit cur Catholici etiam Principes, cum de hujusmodi Academiis, seu Universitatibus Studiorum statuendis cogitarunt, Apostolicam Sedem consulendam, Ejusque Auctoritatem exquirendam duxerint. Hinc celebriores, illustrioresque Europae Universitates nonnisi ex sententia et assensu Romanorum Pontificum fuisse constitutas gravissimae illarum historiae amplissime testantur. Nobis itaque quibus persuasum est ex recte comparatis Studiorum Universitatibus plurimum emolumenti in Christianam Rem publicam dimanare, jucundius nihil accidere potest, quam ut Vobis gratificemur et ad litterarum praesertim Sacrarum praesidium et incrementum Supremae Nostrae auctoritatis robur adjiciamus, atque hinc sapientissimum, quod una simul inivistis consilium, adprobamus, Vestramque ea de re solicitudinem summa laude, ac commendatione prosequimur. Eo autem libentius Vestris votis annuimus, quo certius Vestra industria, opera et cura futurum confidimus, ut quotquot ad istam Universitatem convenient bene morati juvenes, non scientia, quae inflat, sed scientia, quae cum charitate aedificat, non sapientia hujus saeculi, sed sapientia cujus initium timor Domini est, imbuantur. At illud probe intelligitis, Venerabiles Fratres, memoratam mox Universitatem ita quidem constitui oportere, ut nihil prorsus derogetur juribus, quae singulis Episcopis circa Clericorum in suis Dioecesanis seminariis institutionem, eorumque in Litteris, et disciplinis maxime Theologicis eruditionem Tridentini Patres adjudicarunt. Agite igitur, et Ille,
248-693: A later period represents a fate shared by the University of Leuven (KU Leuven) with several other well-known European universities that experienced the upheavals of revolutionary times. In 1920, the Catholic University of Leuven for the first time admitted female students, lagging some 40 years behind the Belgian universities of Brussels, Liège and Ghent. In 1968, tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities led to
310-765: A national conference each year. The Farm School in Tennessee allows homeschooling families to affiliate with it through a "Satellite Campuses" program. This program enables homeschooled children to be enrolled in a state-recognized school that is not affiliated with any religious denomination . Churches attempting to expand their reach by offering worship and other programs in new locations may refer to these added locations as "satellite campuses." Some megachurches have increased their number of parishioners and extended their geographic reach by opening new locations that are referred to as "satellite campuses." A satellite church campus may use video technology to connect to
372-557: A prince of the House of Valois , made a formal request to the Holy See for a university. Pope Martin V issued a papal bull dated 9 December 1425 founding the University in Leuven as a Studium Generale . This university was institutionally independent of the local ecclesiastical hierarchy. From the founding of the university to its abolition in 1797, Latin was the sole language of instruction. In its early years, this university
434-457: A quo omne datum optimum, ac omne donum perfectum est, dexter Vobis, propitiusque adsit, et quae salubriter cogitastis, feliciter possitis implere. Interim Apostolicam Benedictionem Paternae Nostrae charitatis, et benevolentiae testimonium erga Fraternitates Vestras, peramanter Vobis impertimur.' ' Datum Romae apud S. Petrum die 13 Decembris An. 1833. Pontificatus Nostri An. III. Gregorius PP XVI Notable recipients of honorary doctorates at
496-573: A secular university in Leuven, the State university of Leuven , where many professors of the old University of Leuven taught. This university was abolished in 1835. The Catholic University of Leuven was founded in 1834 in Mechelen by the bishops of Belgium, after an official Papal Brief of Pope Gregory XVI . This new Catholic university stayed only briefly in Mechelen, as the bishops already moved
558-549: Is Dutch, although several programs are taught in English, particularly graduate and postgraduate degrees. It is routinely ranked among the top 50 universities in the world by Times Higher Education . Although Catholic in theology and heritage, KU Leuven operates independently from the Church. KU Leuven previously only accepted baptized Catholics, but is now open to students from different faiths or life-stances. While nowadays only
620-474: Is a giant leap from 0.1% efficiency 10 years earlier. This technology bypasses the conversion losses of the classical solar–hydrogen energy cycle where solar power is first harvested via a solar panel and only then to converted to hydrogen with electrolysis plants. Since July 2002, thirteen higher education institutes have formed the KU Leuven Association . Members include: KU Leuven
682-583: Is a member of a number of international university affiliations including the League of European Research Universities , Coimbra Group , UNA Europa , Universitas 21 , and Venice International University , among others. The university is a member of the Flanders Interuniversity Institute of Biotechnology . The Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre is a spin-off company of the university. As of 2024, KU Leuven ranks high in
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#1732771951848744-477: Is able to directly convert no less than 15 per cent of sunlight into hydrogen gas, which according to them is a world record. In the solar hydrogen panel the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions are performed in the gas phase in cathode and anode compartments separated by a membrane . Anion exchange membranes provide an alkaline environment enabling the use of earth abundant materials as electrocatalysts . According to IEEE Spectrum in 2019 this
806-586: Is accredited by European Quality Improvement System , which is a leading accreditation system specializing in higher education institutions of management and business administration. As of academic year of 2012–2013, the university held Erasmus contracts with 434 European establishments. It also had 22 central bilateral agreements in 8 countries: the United States, China, South Africa, Japan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Vietnam, Poland, and
868-672: Is located in the city center. The University Sports Centre is located in Heverlee, including Univ-Fit gym. In addition, the UNESCO World Heritage Site Groot Begijnhof , a historic beguinage in the south of city, is owned by the university and functions as one of its many residence halls. Public transport within the city is primarily served by the De Lijn bus system. Leuven is a main hub in Belgium's and nearby country's train network. Leuven station
930-477: Is located in the northeast edge of the city. KU Leuven has campuses in Kortrijk , Antwerp , Ghent , Bruges , Ostend , Geel , Diepenbeek , Aalst , Sint-Katelijne-Waver , Brussels . Academics at KU Leuven is organized into three groups, each with its own faculties, departments, and schools offering programs up to doctoral level. While most courses are taught in Dutch, many are offered in English, particularly
992-873: Is the establishment of international branch campuses . These are satellite campuses of a parent institution that is located outside the country where the satellite campus is located. The number of international branch campuses worldwide grew from 35 before 1999 to 162 in 2009, including 78 branches operated by United States universities. As of 2009, the United Arab Emirates was the host of 40 international branch campuses, more than any other nation. There were 15 international branch campuses in China , 12 in Singapore , nine in Qatar , and six in Canada . In addition to
1054-724: The Ariadne KPS to reuse digital learning objects inside the Blackboard environment. On 11 July 2002, the KU Leuven became the dominant institution in the "KU Leuven Association" (see below). KU Leuven is a member of the Coimbra Group (a network of leading European universities) as well as of the LERU Group (League of European Research Universities). Since November 2014, KU Leuven's Faculty of Economics and Business
1116-472: The Catholic University of Leuven has been a major contributor to the development of Catholic theology. The university is dedicated to Mary, the mother of Jesus , under her traditional attribute as " Seat of Wisdom ", and organizes an annual celebration on 2 February in her honour. On that day, the university also awards its honorary doctorates . The neo-Gothic seal created in 1909 and used by
1178-481: The Catholic University of Mechlin , 1834–1835). This institution was founded with the intention of restoring the confessionally Catholic pre-Revolutionary traditions of learning in Leuven. In 1968 this split to form the two current institutions: the Dutch language Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the French language Université catholique de Louvain . From the founding of the university in 1425 up until 1636, there
1240-1234: The Center for World University Rankings . Furthermore, in their 2019 rankings of the World's Most Innovative Universities , Thomson Reuters placed KU Leuven 7th in the world and best university in Europe (1st), four times in a row since its founding in 2016. According to QS World University Rankings by Subject in 2019, KU Leuven ranked within the world's top 50 universities in the following fields: Sports-related Subjects (11), Theology (14), Dentistry (17), Classics and Ancient History (22), Library and Information Management (23), Psychology (24), Statistics and Operational Research (26), Mechanical Engineering (30), Philosophy (31), Geography (34), Pharmacy & Pharmacology (35), Education and Training (36), Law (37), Social Policy and Administration (39), Development Studies (43), Materials sciences (45), Chemical Engineering (46), Politics (49), Sociology (50), Life Sciences and Medicine (56), Social Sciences and Management (60), Arts and Humanities (61), Engineering and Technology (61). Also according to QS, many other KU Leuven programs rank within
1302-535: The Persian Gulf region is emerging which aims to meet South Asians' aspirations to study abroad in a cost-efficient manner. There are several regional satellite or branch campus consortia but only one national association in the United States. The National Association of Branch Campus Administrators , NABCA seeks to unify higher education officials, working to advance scholarship, provide research opportunities, and facilitate networking events, both online and at
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#17327719518481364-750: The Republic of Venice . Once formally integrated into the French Republic, a law dating to 1793 mandating that all universities in France be closed came into effect. The University of Leuven was abolished by decree of the Département of the Dyle on 25 October 1797. What remained of the university's movables and books were requisitioned for the École centrale [ fr ] in Brussels. This
1426-480: The Treaty of Campo Formio signed on 17 October 1797. A law dating to 1793, which mandated that all universities in France be closed, came into effect. The old University of Leuven was abolished by decree of the Département of the Dyle on October 25, 1797. A few years after French rule came to an end, when Belgium was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands , king William I of the Netherlands in 1817 founded
1488-520: The University of Leuven or University of Louvain , sometimes with the qualification "old" to distinguish it from the Catholic University of Leuven (established 1835 in Leuven). This might also refer to a short-lived but historically important State University of Leuven , 1817–1835. In the 15th century the civil administration of the town of Leuven , with the support of John IV, Duke of Brabant ,
1550-720: The major international rankings , i.e. 63rd in the QS World University Rankings , 45th in the Times Higher Education rankings, and 86th according to the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities . And as stated by other prominent global rankings in 2024, the university is ranked 48th in the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking , 61st in the CWTS Leiden Ranking and 103rd in
1612-611: The principality of Liège (jointly the future Belgium) by the Treaty of Campo Formio . The name was in medieval Latin Studium generale Lovaniense or Universitas Studii Lovaniensis , in humanistical Latin Academia Lovaniensis , and most usually, Universitas Lovaniensis , in Dutch Universiteyt Loven and also Hooge School van Loven . It is commonly referred to as
1674-596: The splitting of the bilingual Catholic University of Leuven into two "sister" universities, with the Dutch-language university becoming a fully functioning independent institution in Leuven in 1970, and the Université catholique de Louvain departing to a newly built greenfield campus site in the French-speaking part of Belgium. KU Leuven's first rector after the split was Pieter De Somer . In 1972,
1736-405: The 15th century. The following libraries are found at its Leuven campus: Universitair ziekenhuis Leuven (UZ Leuven) is the teaching hospital associated with the KU Leuven. Its most well known and largest campus is Gasthuisberg, which also houses the faculty of pharmaceutical sciences and most of the faculty of medicine. KU Leuven scientists have managed to produce a solar hydrogen panel , which
1798-765: The Catholic University of Belgium of Pope Gregory XVI, of December 12, 1833. Venerabiles Fratres Salutem et Apostolicam Benedictionem. Majori certe solatio affici non possumus, quam cum eos, qui in partem solicitudinis Nostrae sunt vocati, pastorali zelo flagrare, acriterque ad spirituale commissarum sibi Ovium bonum novimus vigilare. Licet porro praecipuam Fraternitatum Vestrarum virtutem satis jam multa declarassent eaque de causa jure Nobis laetari liceret; conceptam tamen animo Nostro opinionem confirmarunt, Nostrumque gaudium abunde auxerunt obsequentissimae Litterae, quas die decimaquarta proxime elapsi Mensis ad Nos dedistis, et quibus ne dum Vestrum de Catholica in Belgio constituenda, et
1860-504: The Catholic clergy and their claims were so vexatious that, at a time when their religion was dominant, no other remedy had been found for their abuse of power except the appeals in question. This is what prompted the famous Van Espen to write, at the age of eighty, his treatise De recursu ad principem , in order to put a barrier against the ever-recurring abuses of clerical jurisdictions; but this virtuous ecclesiastic, who distributed to
1922-599: The Central School, the official continuation of the old university. Wauthier, head of office of the department of Dyle and the ex-Jesuit De la Serna Santander, librarian of the Central School of Brussels, were responsible for the application of this measure. On October 26, 1797, they went with Michel-Marcel Robyns, receiver of national domains, to the municipal administration of Louvain, to notify it, while its most precious works and manuscripts were deposited in Paris among
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1984-415: The KU Leuven include: Satellite campus A satellite campus , branch campus or regional campus is a campus of a university or college that is physically at a distance from the original university or college area. This branch campus may be located in a different city, state, or country, and is often smaller than the main campus of an institution. The separate campuses may or may not be under
2046-523: The KUL set up a separate entity, Leuven Research & Development (LRD), to support industrial and commercial applications of university research. It has led to numerous spin-offs, such as the technology company Metris, and manages tens of millions of euros in investments and venture capital. The university's electronic learning environment, TOLEDO, which started in September 2001, was gradually developed into
2108-525: The Netherlands. The vast majority of international EU students came from the Netherlands, while most non-EU ones come from China. KU Leuven is financially independent from the Catholic Church. Although a representative from the Church sits in its Board of Governors and "a yearly report is submitted to the bishops," their function is observational and has no voting power. Its management and academic decisions are similarly autonomous. In December 2011,
2170-514: The United States, the home countries of institutions with international branches include Australia , whose universities operated a total of 14 international branches; the United Kingdom , with 13 international branches; and France and India , each of whose universities had a total of 11 international branches. Although the overall number of international branch campuses has grown rapidly, a total of 11 such campuses closed between 2004 and 2009. A new breed of branch campuses of Indian universities in
2232-425: The acronymic name KU Leuven is used, the university's legal name is Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , officially Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven , which translates in English as Catholic University of Leuven. However, the acronymic name is not translated in official communications, like its similarly named French-language sister university Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain). The town of Leuven has been
2294-542: The beginning of the First World War , but this library did not contain the books and archives of the old university, or of the State University , but only those of the 19th-century founded Catholic University of Leuven . The rich archives of the old University of Leuven, after its suppression by the law of the French Republic, so as all the other Universities of the French Republic, were transferred to
2356-481: The central electronic learning environment at the KUL. The word is an acronym for TOetsen en LEren Doeltreffend Ondersteunen (English: "effectively supporting testing and learning"). It is the collective name for a number of commercial software programs and tools, such as Blackboard . The project offers the Question Mark Perception assignment software to all institution members and has implemented
2418-415: The change is intended as a way to emphasize its history of freedom of academic inquiry and its independence from the Church, without erasure of its Catholic heritage. Since August 2017, the university has been led by Luc Sels who replaced former rector Rik Torfs . The Belgian archbishop , André-Joseph Léonard is the current Grand Chancellor and a member of the university board . KU Leuven hosts
2480-614: The church's main location. Old University of Leuven The Old University of Leuven (or of Louvain ) is the name historians give to the university , or studium generale , founded in Leuven , Brabant (then part of the Burgundian Netherlands , now part of Belgium ), in 1425. The university was closed in 1797, a week after the cession to the French Republic of the Austrian Netherlands and
2542-418: The discipline and customs of the primitive church, of which he was the most zealous supporter". The first attempt to found a successor university in the nineteenth-century was the secular State University of Leuven , 1817–1835, where a dozen professors of the old University taught. This was followed by a private Catholic university, the Catholic University of Leuven , established in Leuven in 1835 (initially
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2604-427: The famous Van Espen and his disciple Febronius , and as Henri Francotte says: "Jansenism reigned supreme at the University of Louvain”. This fidelity to the spirit of Van Espen remained alive in the University of Louvain until its abolition in 1797, as evidenced by what Charles Lambrechts wrote in 1818, former rector magnificus and successor to the chair of canon law of Van Espen : "The encroachments of
2666-688: The first institution to condemn a number of statements drawn from Martin Luther 's Ninety-five Theses (preceding the papal bull Exsurge Domine by several months). After the French Revolutionary Wars , by the Treaty of Campo Formio signed on 17 October 1797, the Austrian Netherlands were ceded in perpetuity to the French Republic by the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II , in exchange for
2728-567: The graduate programs. Notable divisions of the university include the Institute of Philosophy and the Rega Institute for Medical Research . The students of the university are gathered together in the student's council Studentenraad KU Leuven. KU Leuven has 24 libraries and learning centers across its 12 campuses, containing millions of books and other media. Its theology library alone hold 1.3 million volumes, including works dating from
2790-502: The national treasures of the National Library. It is also very likely that on the occasion of the troubles of the wars of this time, many precious works and documents surreptitiously followed an unofficial route, sometimes with the high aim of saving them from disaster, sometimes with the sordid goal of profiting from it. In 1797, much of what remained of this library was sent to the Central School of Brussels, established as
2852-614: The official replacement of the abolished university, although its most precious books and manuscripts were deposited in Paris at the National Library of France . The library of the Central School of Brussels came to number about 80,000 volumes, which later became part of the Library of Brussels, and then the Royal Library of Belgium . When invading German forces burned the library of the Catholic University of Leuven at
2914-677: The old University cannot be maintained from a purely juridical perspective as the old University was suppressed under French rule. In its statutes, KU Leuven officially declares against the rulings of the Court of Cassation and the Cour d'Appel, to be the continuation of the Studium Generale Lovaniense established in 1425, and together with UCLouvain it sets out to celebrate its 600th anniversary in 2025. The original establishment during Medieval times and subsequent re-foundation at
2976-406: The papal bull Unigenitus (1713) but without effect. The University of Louvain, with Baïus and Jansenius , the cradle of Jansenism and remained, during the 17th and 18th centuries until its closure, the bastion and the hub of Augustinian theology known as Jansenism , in Europe, with professors like Jansenius , Petrus Stockmans , Johannes van Neercassel , Josse Le Plat and especially
3038-587: The poor all the revenues of the chair of canon law which he occupied at the University of Louvain, was soon obliged to have recourse to appeal as an abuse for himself; still, this remedy could not save him entirely from the persecution of intolerant priests. Loaded with years, glory and infirmities, he was compelled to seek shelter in Holland from their vexations; he soon died in Amsterdam in feelings of piety and resignation, after having employed his life in defending
3100-488: The same accreditation and share resources or they share administrations but maintain separate budgets, resources, and other governing bodies. In many cases, satellite campuses are "commuter campuses" that are intended to serve students who cannot travel far from home for college because of family responsibilities, their jobs, financial limitations, or other factors. Often times, the students live at their family homes instead of near campus, commuting to college courses throughout
3162-437: The seat of four universities, with the first one established in 1425. Since then, the organisation was abolished and founded again multiple times. The Old University of Leuven (or Studium Generale Lovaniense ) was founded in 1425 by Duke John IV of Brabant , the civil authorities of Brabant, as well as the municipal administration of the city of Leuven, despite the initial opposition of the chapter of Sint-Pieter. For centuries,
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#17327719518483224-414: The top 100 in the world, including Linguistics, English Language and Literature, History, Anatomy and Physiology, Architecture, Anthropology, Computer Science and Information System, Biological Sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Business and Management Studies, Mathematics, Economics and Econometrics, Chemistry, Accounting and Finance . The founding brief of
3286-476: The university changed its official name to KU Leuven in all official communications and branding. While its legal name remains to be Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, the university uses its short name or acronym, KU Leuven, in all communications, including academic research publications. The long name is only used in legally binding documents such as contracts and only on the first instance, according to university's communication guidelines. According to its then rector,
3348-560: The university flourished due to the presence of famous scholars and professors, such as Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens ( Pope Adrian VI ), Desiderius Erasmus , Johannes Molanus , Juan Luís Vives , Andreas Vesalius and Gerardus Mercator . After the French Revolution, the university was formally integrated into the French Republic when the Holy Roman Emperor, Francis I, ceded then Austrian Netherlands to France by
3410-403: The university headquarters to Leuven on 1 December 1835, where it took the name Catholic University of Leuven. This occurred after the closure of the State university of Leuven in 1835, where many professors of the old University of Leuven had taught. KU Leuven is generally (but controversially) identified as a continuation of the older institution; controversy lays in the fact that this link to
3472-561: The university shows the medieval statue Our Lady of Leuven in a vesica piscis shape. The version used by KU Leuven dates from the 1990s and features the date 1425 in Times New Roman . KU Leuven's main campus is in Leuven where school faculties, libraries, institutes, residence halls, the university hospital UZ Leuven , and other facilities are interspersed throughout the city proper, as well as just outside its ring road in Heverlee borough. Its intercultural meeting center Pangaea
3534-400: The upper class, are being prosecuted, but were so far only lightly sanctioned by the university authorities. As a consequence of these events, which attracted international media coverage, the institution received criticism as to how it handled the matter. In 2023 18 students were fined 400 Euros and community service for their involvement in the death and the degrading treatment. Historically,
3596-546: The week. The availability of branch campuses may increase higher education enrollment by nontraditional students . Electronic communications technology has helped to facilitate the operation of satellite campuses. Classes taught at one campus can be transmitted to other locations via distance education , students at branch campuses can access library materials on the main campus electronically, and technology allows institutions to administer registration, admissions , and financial aid transactions remotely. One growing trend
3658-596: The world's largest banana genebank , the Bioversity International Musa Germplasm Transit Centre, that celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2017 and was visited by Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Development Cooperation, Alexander De Croo . In 2018, a student of African origin, Sanda Dia , died during a cruel hazing ritual to enter the Reuzegom fraternity. The perpetrators, whose parents mostly belong to
3720-425: Was modelled on those of Paris , Cologne and Vienna . The university flourished in the 16th century due to the presence of famous scholars and professors, such as Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens ( Pope Adrian VI ), Desiderius Erasmus , Johannes Molanus , Joan Lluís Vives , Andreas Vesalius and Gerardus Mercator . In 1519, the Faculty of Theology of Leuven, jointly with that of the University of Cologne , became
3782-454: Was no official library of the university. Very likely the students had access to manuscripts and printed books preserved in the homes of their professors or colleges. In 1636, however, a university library was founded in the Cloth hall , previously the seat of the cloth weavers' guild, and was enlarged in 1725 in a baroque style. This library, with its various additions, was transferred in 1797 by Charles Antoine de La Serna Santander to
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#17327719518483844-433: Was the immediate official and legal successor and inheritor of the old University, under the laws in force at the time. It was in turn closed down in 1802. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the University of Leuven was until its closure a great centre of Jansenism in Europe. To shake off this reputation, the faculty of theology thrice declared its adherence to the papal condemnation of Jansenist beliefs in
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