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38-670: The Carnegie Medal for Illustration (until 2022 the Kate Greenaway Medal ) is a British award that annually recognises "distinguished illustration in a book for children ". It is conferred upon the illustrator by the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP) which inherited it from the Library Association. The Medal is named after the 19th-century English illustrator of children's books Kate Greenaway (1846–1901). It

76-582: A 180-page collection named for " Lavender's Blue ", which Oxford University Press has reprinted many times. It was "a major reason" for the Library Association to establish the Kate Greenaway Medal that year. No 1955 work was judged worthy in 1956, so the Greenaway was actually inaugurated one year later, recognising a 1956 publication. 1955 (not awarded) 1956 Edward Ardizzone , Tim All Alone ( Oxford ) @ Ardizzone had inaugurated

114-436: A lasting impression. Illustrated work needs to be considered primarily in terms of its graphic elements, and where text exists particular attention should be paid to the synergy between the two." Through 2024 there have been 68 Medals awarded in 69 years, covering 1955 to 2023 publications. No eligible book published in 1955 or 1958 was considered suitable. From 2007 the medals are dated by the year of presentation; previously by

152-534: A new story by Margaret Mahy , both published by Heinemann . From 1989 to 1994 she was the Highly Commended runner up four times and she won again for an edition of Alice in Wonderland (Walker, 1999). CILIP's retrospective citation says: "More abundantly illustrated than previous editions ... Alice herself is a child of today – casually dressed, personable and spirited." Alice was named one of

190-618: A panel and the winner was announced on 21 June 2007 at the British Library . By less than one percentage point Dogger , illustrated and written by Shirley Hughes (1977), outpolled Each Peach Pear Plum illustrated by Janet Ahlberg and written by Allan Ahlberg (1978). The nation, and international voters too, considered a ballot or all-time shortlist comprising ten of the 50 Medal-winning works, selected by six "children's book experts". The panel provided annotations including recommended ages that range from 1+ to 10+ years; age 4+ for

228-630: Is one of 14 illustrators to win two Kate Greenaway Medals (established 1955); Burningham is another. At the time, the annual award by the British Library Association (now CILIP) recognised the year's best children's book illustration by a British subject ; two books were occasionally cited; there was no cash prize. Oxenbury won the Medal in 1969; the two books cited were The Quangle Wangle's Hat , an edition of Edward Lear 's 19th-century poem, and The Dragon of an Ordinary Family ,

266-602: The BBC Radio 4 programme on Sunday 29 November 2020; she chose "Mi par d'udir ancora (Je crois entendre encore)" (from Les pêcheurs de perles ) sung by Beniamino Gigli , The Empire Trilogy by J.G. Farrell , and "a bed with an unlimited supply of white linen sheets" as her favoured song, book and luxury item respectively. These are all children's books. WorldCat reports that Oxenbury's works most widely held in participating libraries are three of her Greenaway Medal runners up, all written by other authors: We're Going on

304-624: The Carnegie and Greenaway Medals for writing and illustration (2012). In 2014, This is Not My Hat by Jon Klassen won both the Greenaway Medal and the American Caldecott Medal , which recognises a picture book illustrated by a U.S. citizen or resident. This is the first time the same book has won both medals. The recently common practice of co-publication makes a double win possible. Indeed, This Is Not My Hat

342-650: The Child Ballads (19th century collection) The 1959 medal recognised two books, the first of four such occasions to 1982. Two runners-up were "Commended", a new distinction that would be used 99 times in 44 years to 2002, including 31 "Highly Commended" books that were named beginning 1974. 1960 Gerald Rose , Old Winkle and the Seagulls (Faber), by Elizabeth Rose 1961 Antony Maitland , Mrs Cockle's Cat ( Constable ; Longman ), by Philippa Pearce 1962 Brian Wildsmith , ABC (Oxford) @ ABC

380-543: The Habima Theatre in Tel Aviv , Israel . In 1962 she returned to Britain and did some design work for ABC Television and Shepperton Film Studios . After marrying the children's book author and illustrator John Burningham in 1964, she turned to illustrating children’s books herself. In 1988, she created a series of books about a mischievous young boy called Tom, and his stuffed monkey, Pippo. She commented that Tom

418-833: The Ipswich School of Art as a teenager, and during holidays she worked at a small theatre in Felixstowe and at the Ipswich Repertory Theatre Workshop, mixing paints. She went on to study in London at the Central School of Art and Design (1957-1959), where she met her future husband, John Burningham . In her adult life, she embarked on a career in theatre, film and television. She worked as assistant designer at Colchester Repertory Theatre, and for three years as painter and designer for

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456-450: The 30 Greenaway Medal-winning works from 1985 to 2014. For the 50th medal anniversary, CILIP posted online information about all of the winning works (1955–2005) and conducted a poll to identify the nation's favourite Kate Greenaway Medalist. The public were invited to send in their nominations between 16 October and 1 December 2006. Polling was subsequently opened between 20 April and 14 June 2007 for ten shortlisted titles determined by

494-557: The Golden Canary (Oxford) @ 1968 Pauline Baynes , A Dictionary of Chivalry ( Longman ), by Grant Uden —reference Children%27s book illustration Illustrations contribute to the children's development and provides them with aesthetic impressions. With the development of printing, the first illustrated books for children began to appear. At first they were primarily religious texts, grammar books, and works about good behavior. According to Cynthia Burlingham .

532-669: The Tim series in 1936 with Little Tim and the Brave Sea Captain (Oxford); its last sequel was Ships Cook Ginger (1977). Tim All Alone was named one of the top ten Medal-winning works in 2007. 1957 V. H. Drummond , Mrs Easter and the Storks ( Faber ) @ 1958 (not awarded) No work was considered suitable, the second and last time. 1959 William Stobbs , Kashtanka (Oxford), by Anton Chekhov (1887) and A Bundle of Ballads (Oxford), by Ruth Manning-Sanders from

570-567: The U.K. during the preceding school year (September to August), with English-language text if any. The award by CILIP is a gold Medal and £500 worth of books donated to the illustrator's chosen library. Since 2000 there is also a £5000 cash prize from a bequest by the children's book collector Colin Mears. Library and information professionals in CILIP nominate books in September and October, after

608-565: The annual Kate Greenaway Medal , the British librarians' award for illustration and been runner-up four times. For the 50th anniversary of that Medal (1955–2005) her 1999 illustrated edition of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was named one of the top ten winning works. Oxenbury was born and raised in Ipswich , Suffolk . Her father was an architect. From an early age, she developed a passion for drawing. After leaving school, she attended

646-503: The calendar year of British publication. traditional Gollancz Oxford Oxford * Named to the 50th Anniversary Top Ten in 2007. Only one illustrator, Chris Riddell , has won three Medals. Fourteen other illustrators have won two of the 64 Medals awarded through 2021. The first winner of two Medals was John Burningham , 1963 and 1970. The most recent is Sydney Smith in 2018 and 2021. Only A Monster Calls ( Walker Books , 2011), by Patrick Ness and Jim Kay , has won both

684-603: The close of the publication year. A panel of 12 children's librarians in CILIP's youth interest group judges both the Carnegie and Greenaway books. The shortlist is announced in March and the winner in June. Candidates must be published in the U.K. during the preceding year (September to August). They must be published for young people, and published in the U.K. originally or within three months in case of co-publication. English must be

722-712: The creation of a successful picture book. Text and image in picture books usually form one whole, because a children's illustration should directly refer to the text. In some cases, it may also be the only component of a book for children, especially the youngest – such books may then take the form of an album without text or with a small amount of text. The boundary between illustrations for children and adults can be blurry, and throughout their careers many illustrators have created works for children and adults and cannot be simply classified as children illustrators. William Feaver noted that some picture books "were produced as de luxe gift-objects for adults to browse through" (such as

760-444: The earliest illustrated book specifically for children. Writing in the 1970s, Feaver argued that outside occasional exceptions, the history of children's illustrations can be said to be about two centuries old. Initially, illustrations in children's books were almost no different from illustrations in adult editions and were not adapted to the perceptual needs of children. Illustrations in children's books became more popular from

798-620: The fairy tale and the moral tale ; with the former on average having more illustrations. As the toy market grew, illustrated children's books began to be equipped with elements such as moving parts. Creators who specialized in such books included the German graphic artist Lothar Meggendorfer and British publisher Robert Sayer . Technical solutions available in the 20th century meant that illustrated books for children could be relatively cheap while maintaining good quality. The classic illustration drawing techniques were joined by photography , which

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836-453: The first books with illustrations that could be read for children were collections of fairy tales , especially Aesop's Fables (first English edition in 1484 by William Caxton ), which soon became one of the most popular illustrated books for children. Another early example of an illustrated book for children was Fabulae Centum (1564) by Gabriel Faerno , William Feaver , however, named Orbis Pictus from 1658 by John Amos Comenius as

874-406: The language of any text, or one of dual languages. "All categories of illustrated books for children and young people are eligible." CILIP specifies numerous points of artistic style, format, and visual experience, and also "synergy of illustration and text" that should be considered. Furthermore, "The whole work should provide pleasure from a stimulating and satisfying visual experience which leaves

912-547: The mid-18th century. In England, publisher Thomas Boreman released illustrated miniature books entitled Gigantick Histories (1740–1743). Notable English illustrated books for children from that period were published by John Newbery ( A Little Pretty Pocket-Book from 1744 and The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes from 1765). Other important English publishers of illustrated children books from that period included John Marshall and John Harris . The genres of illustrated children's literature at that time were dominated by

950-485: The most influential children's book illustrators is Maurice Sendak , who has been called "the leading children's book illustrator of our time". The field of children's book illustration has several awards for illustrators, such as: Helen Oxenbury Helen Gillian Oxenbury (born 2 June 1938) is an English illustrator and writer of children's picture books . She lives in North London . She has twice won

988-399: The plot or bring the plot to life. While some picture books are written and illustrated by the same person, others are collaborations between an author and an illustrator. Editors of picture books often look carefully for an illustrator that matches the style of the text, while still adding their own artistic value to the book. There must be mutual respect between an author and an illustrator in

1026-534: The top ten Greenaway Medal-winning works by a 2007 panel, composing the ballot for a public election of the all-time favourite. Oxenbury won two "Emils", the Kurt Maschler Award by the Maschler publishers and Booktrust that annually (1982 to 1999) recognised one "work of imagination for children, in which text and illustration are integrated so that each enhances and balances the other." The first

1064-568: The winner. 50th Anniversary Top Ten Headings give the official award dates: years of publication before 2006; years of presentation after 2006. Prior to the 1990's these listings cover only the Medalist and known Highly Commended (+) or Commended (–) books. Illustrator Harold Jones received a Special Commendation for the 1954 Carnegie Medal, for his part in Lavender's Blue: A Book of Nursery Rhymes , compiled by Kathleen Lines (Oxford) —

1102-610: The works of Edmund Dulac , Arthur Rackham or Kay Nielsen ); others have passed boundaries as genres and tastes changed. He also observed that "many of the illustrations most enjoyed by children   ... were not specifically intended for them", citing examples of works by illustrators like W. Heath Robinson , Thomas Bewick or George Cruikshank . He further notes that in cases of Kate Greenaway , Randolph Caldecott or Robinson they "were all-purpose graphic artists who happened to hit on winning treatments of staple children's material   ... success made them specialists". Among

1140-428: Was Wildsmith's first book, an alphabet book without any words, commissioned by Mabel George at Oxford. 1963 John Burningham , Borka: The Adventures of a Goose With No Feathers ( Jonathan Cape ) @ Borka was Burningham's first book as an author or illustrator and it was named one of the top ten Medal-winning works in 2007. 1964 C. Walter Hodges , Shakespeare's Theatre (Oxford) @ —nonfiction Hodges

1178-741: Was a freelance illustrator, a lover of theatre, and an authority on theatre construction in Shakespeare's time. Shakespeare's Theatre was the first nonfiction book cited for the medal. Ambrus and Papas received the first and only commendations for "work in general". 1965 Victor Ambrus , The Three Poor Tailors (Oxford; Hamish Hamilton ) @ The Three Poor Tailors was the first-published book written by Ambrus, who had illustrated dozens of fiction and nonfiction books for Oxford since immigrating from Hungary via Austria. 1966 Raymond Briggs , Mother Goose Treasury (Hamish Hamilton), traditional 1967 Charles Keeping , Charley, Charlotte and

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1216-528: Was also a "Highly Commended" runner-up four times from 1989 to 1994; the distinction was used 31 times in 29 years to 2002 and no other illustrator was highly commended more than twice. Michael Foreman , who won the 1982 and 1989 medals, was highly commended once and four times a "Commended" runner-up, a distinction used 68 times in 44 years to 2002. Walker Books, based in London, with American subsidiary Candlewick Press in Somerville, MA , has published 10 of

1254-611: Was established in 1955 and inaugurated in 1956 for 1955 publications, but no work that year was considered suitable. The first Medal was awarded in 1957 to Edward Ardizzone for Tim All Alone ( Oxford , 1956), which he also wrote. That first Medal was dated 1956. Since 2007 the Medal has been dated by its presentation during the year following publication. This medal is a companion to the Carnegie Medal for Writing which recognises an outstanding work of writing for children and young adults. Nominated books must be first published in

1292-559: Was for So Much by Trish Cooke , one of her Greenaway runners up, and the second for Alice . Oxenbury also won three Nestlé Smarties Book Prizes (1985 to 2007), all in the 0–5 years category. The Smarties Prize winners were elected by children from shortlists composed by a panel. Oxenbury-illustrated picture books were the overall winners for 1989, We're Going on a Bear Hunt retold by Michael Rosen , and for 1991, Farmer Duck by Martin Waddell , another Greenaway runner up. So Much

1330-467: Was released in Britain and America on the same day, 9 October 2012, by Walker Books and its American subsidiary Candlewick Press . Gail E. Haley was the first illustrator to win both medals, albeit for different works: the 1971 Caldecott for A Story a Story (1970) and the 1976 Greenaway for The Post Office Cat . She also wrote both books. Helen Oxenbury , who won the 1969 and 1999 medals,

1368-666: Was the 1994 age group winner. Farmer Duck was also the 1991 Illustrated Children's Book of the Year ( British Book Awards ). Tickle, Tickle , written and illustrated by Oxenbury, won the 1999 Booktrust Early Years Award . In the United States, Big Momma Makes the World by Phillis Root won the Boston Globe–Horn Book Award , picture books category. Oxenbury was the guest on the long-running Desert Island Discs on

1406-566: Was used both as a replacement for, for example, woodcuts , and was also used in the process of reproduction. Illustrated children's books gradually became more and more adapted to the needs of specific age groups, and the variety of genres of illustrated children's books almost equals those of books for adults. Feaver described the evolution of dominant traditions in children's illustration as follows: " chapbook to picture book, to Crane toybook , to Père Castor  [ fr ] picture albums". Children's book illustrations can drive

1444-442: Was very much like her own son in his younger years. Like Tom, her son would often blame his misdeeds on an accomplice (the family dog). She continues to illustrate books. In 1994, Tom and Pippo was adapted into a French animated series which ran for 104 two-minute episodes. Some of her most recent work includes the illustrations for The Growing Story in the September 2008 edition of Bayard Presse's StoryBox magazine. Oxenbury

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