121-504: Kaatrin Mozhi ( transl. The language of air ) is a 2018 Indian Tamil -language comedy drama film written and directed by Radha Mohan , and starring Jyothika in lead role. The film also features Vidharth and Lakshmi Manchu in supporting roles. It is a remake of the Hindi -language film Tumhari Sulu (2017). The film narrates the story of an ambitious housewife who becomes
242-531: A Tamil Nadu State Film Award Special Prize and the Vijay Award for Best Actor for 2008. The film also went on to receive a National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil for 2008. In 2009, Suriya's first release was K. V. Anand 's action-thriller Ayan . With Suriya portraying the role of a smuggler, the film also featured Prabhu as his guardian and Tamannaah Bhatia as the lead actress. The film
363-468: A lexical root to which one or more affixes are attached. Most Tamil affixes are suffixes . Tamil suffixes can be derivational suffixes, which either change the part of speech of the word or its meaning, or inflectional suffixes, which mark categories such as person , number , mood , tense , etc. There is no absolute limit on the length and extent of agglutination , which can lead to long words with many suffixes, which would require several words or
484-432: A , as with other Indic scripts . This inherent vowel is removed by adding a tittle called a puḷḷi , to the consonantal sign. For example, ன is ṉa (with the inherent a ) and ன் is ṉ (without a vowel). Many Indic scripts have a similar sign, generically called virama , but the Tamil script is somewhat different in that it nearly always uses a visible puḷḷi to indicate a 'dead consonant' (a consonant without
605-759: A 2001 survey, there were 1,863 newspapers published in Tamil, of which 353 were dailies. Tamil is the primary language of the majority of the people residing in Tamil Nadu , Puducherry , (in India) and in the Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka . The language is spoken among small minority groups in other states of India which include Karnataka , Telangana , Andhra Pradesh , Kerala , Maharashtra , Gujarat , Delhi , Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India and in certain regions of Sri Lanka such as Colombo and
726-552: A Millionaire? . In 2013, Suriya founded the production house 2D Entertainment . Suriya was born as Saravanan on 23 July 1975 in Madras (now Chennai ), Tamil Nadu , to actor Sivakumar and his wife Lakshmi. He attended Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan School and St. Bede's Anglo Indian Higher Secondary School in Chennai, and obtained his under graduate degree B.Com from Loyola College, Chennai . Suriya has two younger siblings,
847-453: A PlayStation gaming console, etc., in school. One fine day, Vijji wins a contest hosted by her favourite radio station. She receives a call from Anjali, the top RJ of the radio station. On the call, Anjali makes her sing. Vijji sings a retro song, which everyone at the radio station finds funny. Next day she goes to the Radio station to collect her prize. There she sees a poster of auditions for
968-448: A brother Karthi and a sister Brindha . His mother tongue is Tamil . Suriya is married to long-time girlfriend, actress Jyothika . The couple, after dating for several years, got married on 11 September 2006. They have two children, a daughter and a son. Prior to his career in films, Suriya worked at a garment exports factory for eight months. He did not reveal himself to his boss as Sivakumar's son, but his boss ultimately learnt
1089-639: A cameo as Rolex in Lokesh Kanagaraj 's Vikram starring Kamal Haasan , Vijay Sethupathi and Fahadh Faasil . The film is part of the Lokesh Cinematic Universe . He also appeared as himself in R. Madhavan 's Rocketry: The Nambi Effect . The same year, Suriya became the first South Indian actor to be invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . He was among 397 eminent film personalities invited to join
1210-578: A comic touch in Bala 's Pithamagan , co-starring Vikram , won him the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor – Tamil . In 2004, he played dual roles in Perazhagan , as an aggressive boxer and a handicapped phone booth keeper. Suriya's performance received highly positive reviews from critics with a reviewer describing it as "Suriya deserves appreciation for his astounding performance. He
1331-519: A family of around 26 languages native to the Indian subcontinent . It is also classified as being part of a Tamil language family that, alongside Tamil proper, includes the languages of about 35 ethno-linguistic groups such as the Irula and Yerukula languages (see SIL Ethnologue ). The closest major relative of Tamil is Malayalam ; the two began diverging around the 9th century CE. Although many of
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#17327873044591452-428: A manager in a tailoring firm, which is quite a frustrating job since everyone apart from him is over the age of sixty, including the owners. Most of them are either unresponsive or unreasonable. On top of it, the firm now is taken over by the grandson of the owner, who is very rude and treats him with disdain. Balu bears all this for his family. Siddhu is constantly teased by a set of students, who have expensive items like
1573-539: A neatly made feel good drama that you can watch with your family". Srinivasa Ramanujam of The Hindu wrote, "This Radhamohan flick is a refreshing remake that strikes the right notes." Priyanka Sundar of Hindustan Times gave it 3 out of 5 stars and wrote, "Jyotika succeeds by not giving you the opportunity to compare her to Vidya Balan at any moment." Tamil language Sri Lanka Singapore Malaysia Canada and United States Tamil ( தமிழ் , Tamiḻ , pronounced [t̪amiɻ] )
1694-607: A number of apparent Tamil loanwords in Biblical Hebrew dating to before 500 BCE, the oldest attestation of the language. Old Tamil is the period of the Tamil language spanning the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE. The earliest records in Old Tamil are short inscriptions from 300 BCE to 700 CE. These inscriptions are written in a variant of the Brahmi script called Tamil-Brahmi . The earliest long text in Old Tamil
1815-671: A number of skeletons were found buried in earthenware urns dating from at least 696 BCE in Adichanallur . Some of these urns contained writing in Tamil Brahmi script, and some contained skeletons of Tamil origin. Between 2017 and 2018, 5,820 artifacts have been found in Keezhadi . These were sent to Beta Analytic in Miami , Florida , for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating. One sample containing Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions
1936-518: A number of sound changes, in particular, a tendency to lower high vowels in initial and medial positions, and the disappearance of vowels between plosives and between a plosive and rhotic. Contact with European languages affected written and spoken Tamil. Changes in written Tamil include the use of European-style punctuation and the use of consonant clusters that were not permitted in Middle Tamil. The syntax of written Tamil has also changed, with
2057-594: A radio jockey for a late-night relationship advice show. The film was released worldwide in November 2018. The film's title was taken from a song from Mozhi , which was also directed by Mohan and featuring Jyothika in the lead. Vijayalakshmi Balakrishnan, nicknamed Vijji, is a middle-class housewife living in Chromepet with her family. Vijji enjoys her life to the fullest with her husband Balakrishnan and an 11-year-old son, named Siddharth "Siddhu". She dreams of being
2178-545: A reviewer citing that "Suriya keeps you riveted to the seats with another wholesome effort". In 2006, appeared in a cameo role in Jyothika starrer June R . In the same year he starred with Jyothika and Bhumika Chawla in N. Krishna 's film Sillunu Oru Kaadhal . The film took a strong opening. It had an average response from critics, but his performance was praised, with a reviewer from Sify citing that "Suriya pitches in with yet another fantastic performance, be it
2299-527: A sentence in English. To give an example, the word pōkamuṭiyātavarkaḷukkāka (போகமுடியாதவர்களுக்காக) means "for the sake of those who cannot go" and consists of the following morphemes : போக pōka go முடி muṭi accomplish Suriya Saravanan Sivakumar (born 23 July 1975), known by his stage name Suriya , is an Indian actor and film producer. He primarily works in Tamil cinema where he
2420-462: A short film on AIDS awareness . He has also lent his voice to other noble causes such as "Save The Tigers" campaign, which aids in the protection and preservation of Tigers in India, and "REACH", a non-profit that cures TB patients for free using supervised medication programs. In 2019, Suriya criticised the union government's Draft National Education Policy (NEP), claiming that several of its features would affect students from rural areas. He said
2541-647: A small number speak the language. In Reunion where the Tamil language was forbidden to be learnt and used in public space by France it is now being relearnt by students and adults. Tamil is also spoken by migrants from Sri Lanka and India in Canada , the United States , the United Arab Emirates , the United Kingdom , South Africa , and Australia . Tamil is the official language of
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#17327873044592662-527: A song in Manmadhan Ambu (2010), before also starring in K. V. Anand 's Ko and Bala 's Avan Ivan (2011). His only release in 2011 that featured him in a starring role was A. R. Murugadoss 's science fiction action thriller 7aum Arivu . Suriya played dual roles and starred alongside Shruti Haasan in the film, as a circus artist and as the Buddhist monk named Bodhidharma , who lived in
2783-610: A subject of study in schools in the French overseas department of Réunion . In addition, with the creation in October 2004 of a legal status for classical languages by the Government of India and following a political campaign supported by several Tamil associations, Tamil became the first legally recognised Classical language of India. The recognition was announced by the contemporaneous President of India , Abdul Kalam , who
2904-463: A variety of dialects that are all collectively known as Brahmin Tamil . These dialects tend to have softer consonants (with consonant deletion also common). These dialects also tend to have many Sanskrit loanwords. Tamil in Sri Lanka incorporates loan words from Portuguese , Dutch , and English. In addition to its dialects, Tamil exhibits different forms: a classical literary style modelled on
3025-438: A vowel). In other Indic scripts, it is generally preferred to use a ligature or a half form to write a syllable or a cluster containing a dead consonant, although writing it with a visible virama is also possible. The Tamil script does not differentiate voiced and unvoiced plosives . Instead, plosives are articulated with voice depending on their position in a word, in accordance with the rules of Tamil phonology . In addition to
3146-416: A working woman, but since she couldn't complete her high school she cannot think of any white collar jobs. Her elder twin sisters are always critical of her educational credentials and frequently mock her failed business ideas. Vijji is fond of participating in and winning any and every contest around her, be it a singing competition, an athletic event or a simple lemon and spoon race. Her husband, Balu works as
3267-413: Is Suriya who carries the film to the winning post. His passion and the way he brings an ordinary regular larger-than-life hero character alive on screen is lesson for other commercial heroes." Indian cricketer Mahendra Singh Dhoni stated that he became "a great fan of Suriya" after watching Singam . The film won Suriya his second Vijay Award for Best Entertainer, in addition to his eighth nomination for
3388-584: Is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia . It is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India , along with Sanskrit , attested since c. 300 BCE. The language belongs to the southern branch of the Dravidian language family and shares close ties with Malayalam and Kannada . Despite external influences, Tamil has retained a sense of linguistic purism, especially in formal and literary contexts. Tamil
3509-427: Is a classy commercial entertainer, which has its moments. Malini Mannath of The New Indian Express wrote, "Attractively packaged, 24 is refreshing, novel and worth a watch." M. Suganth of The Times of India , assigned 4 out of 5 stars, stating: "It is not often that we see a big star choosing to take a risk with a script that is not simplistic or formulaic, especially when his last few films have underperformed at
3630-454: Is able to tactfully handle it. Next, she gets a request from a caller to sing an out of the world kind of a song for him. Vijji, out of excitement, sings a song which she sings only for her husband. Balu is annoyed by all this, as well as frustrated with his new boss who treats him rudely. Because of these two situations, he becomes angry and, at times, insecure. Vijji's parents and her sisters are very angry with her program and force her to quit
3751-477: Is at his best be it humor or action. The actor has scored a hat trick". The film emerged as a commercial success at the box office, and Suriya won his first Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil for his performance. The same year, he portrayed the role of a student leader in Mani Ratnam 's political drama Aayutha Ezhuthu along with Madhavan and Siddarth . The film received high critical acclaim and
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3872-457: Is based on the dialect of Jaffna . After Tamil Brahmi fell out of use, Tamil was written using a script called vaṭṭeḻuttu amongst others such as Grantha and Pallava . The current Tamil script consists of 12 vowels , 18 consonants and one special character, the āytam . The vowels and consonants combine to form 216 compound characters, giving a total of 247 characters (12 + 18 + 1 + (12 × 18)). All consonants have an inherent vowel
3993-505: Is based on the earnings of Indian celebrities. His peak ranking on the list was at the 25th place, in the year 2017. A research study conducted in 2023 by Indian Institute of Human Brands (IIHB) stated that Suriya was the highest-ranked celebrity in South India. The study was based on several attributes covering image, personality and other human factors. Suriya has been a celebrity endorser for several brands and products. In 2004, he
4114-513: Is causing similar influence on him. Vijji takes a tough stand, rejects both the conditions and leaves for her job. While about to start the show, she gets a call that Siddhu is missing. They later find a note by him, revealing he is very ashamed of what he has done. He is very sad to see that his mother had to leave her job because of his actions. He requests his father to support his mother and her job. Next day, police find him and bring him home. Vijji goes to her office and resigns. She feels that she
4235-401: Is deemed unlikely by Southworth due to the contemporary use of the compound 'centamiḻ', which means refined speech in the earliest literature. The Tamil Lexicon of University of Madras defines the word "Tamil" as "sweetness". S. V. Subramanian suggests the meaning "sweet sound", from tam – "sweet" and il – "sound". Tamil belongs to the southern branch of the Dravidian languages ,
4356-681: Is driven by Suriya's riveting performance". The film was dubbed in Telugu under the same name and was again a box office success, earning him fame in Andhra Pradesh . Suriya received his fifth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil for his performance in the film. Later that year, he worked in Hari 's action film Aaru , which was moderately successful at the box office. His performance received positive reviews with
4477-563: Is extensively described in the oldest known grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam . Modern Tamil writing is largely based on the 13th-century grammar Naṉṉūl which restated and clarified the rules of the Tolkāppiyam , with some modifications. Traditional Tamil grammar consists of five parts, namely eḻuttu , col , poruḷ , yāppu , aṇi . Of these, the last two are mostly applied in poetry. Tamil words consist of
4598-511: Is found in Tholkappiyam , which is dated as early as late 2nd century BCE. The Hathigumpha inscription , inscribed around a similar time period (150 BCE), by Kharavela , the Jain king of Kalinga , also refers to a Tamira Samghatta ( Tamil confederacy ) The Samavayanga Sutra dated to the 3rd century BCE contains a reference to a Tamil script named 'Damili'. Southworth suggests that
4719-405: Is generally taken to have been completed by the 8th century, was characterised by a number of phonological and grammatical changes. In phonological terms, the most important shifts were the virtual disappearance of the aytam (ஃ), an old phoneme, the coalescence of the alveolar and dental nasals, and the transformation of the alveolar plosive into a rhotic . In grammar, the most important change
4840-409: Is generally used in formal writing and speech. For instance, it is the language of textbooks, of much of Tamil literature and of public speaking and debate. In recent times, however, koṭuntamiḻ has been making inroads into areas that have traditionally been considered the province of centamiḻ . Most contemporary cinema, theatre and popular entertainment on television and radio, for example,
4961-410: Is in koṭuntamiḻ , and many politicians use it to bring themselves closer to their audience. The increasing use of koṭuntamiḻ in modern times has led to the emergence of unofficial 'standard' spoken dialects. In India, the 'standard' koṭuntamiḻ , rather than on any one dialect, but has been significantly influenced by the dialects of Thanjavur and Madurai . In Sri Lanka, the standard
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5082-560: Is not able to handle the emotional turmoil at home. Just as she is leaving, she finds the receptionist having a fight with the tiffin service guy. Vijji has an idea and she requests Maria to give her the contract for the tiffin service. The film is now showing events that is happening 1 month later. We see Balu managing the tiffin business and Vijji going back to her job; managing both the household and her professional life in her own unique style. Principal photography began on 4 June 2018, and ended in 40 working days. The first look poster which
5203-771: Is not always consistently applied. ISO 15919 is an international standard for the transliteration of Tamil and other Indic scripts into Latin characters. It uses diacritics to map the much larger set of Brahmic consonants and vowels to Latin script , and thus the alphabets of various languages, including English. Apart from the usual numerals, Tamil has numerals for 10, 100 and 1000. Symbols for day, month, year, debit, credit, as above, rupee, and numeral are present as well. Tamil also uses several historical fractional signs. /f/ , /z/ , /ʂ/ and /ɕ/ are only found in loanwords and may be considered marginal phonemes, though they are traditionally not seen as fully phonemic. Tamil has two diphthongs : /aɪ̯/ ஐ and /aʊ̯/ ஔ ,
5324-670: Is one of the highest paid actors. He has received numerous accolades including two National Film Awards , six Filmfare Awards South and five Tamil Nadu State Film Awards . Suriya has featured six times in the Celebrity 100 list of Forbes India , which takes into account the earnings of Indian celebrities. After making his debut in Nerukku Ner (1997) at the age of 22, Suriya landed his breakthrough role in Nandhaa (2001) and then had his first major commercial success with
5445-592: Is predominantly spoken in Tamil Nadu , India, and the Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka . It has significant speaking populations in Malaysia , Singapore , and among diaspora communities . Tamil has been recognized as a classical language by the Indian government and holds official status in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Singapore. The earliest extant Tamil literary works and their commentaries celebrate
5566-632: Is ready to take up the job. As it happens, Maria is in a very difficult situation and is not able to receive any of her calls. Vijji is disappointed and sends a few messages indicating that she is ready to work. Next day, Maria realizes the passion behind Vijji's persistent annoyance and fires up her potential. To start with, Balu is annoyed with her that she took up the job without discussing with him but later relents out of his love for her. The company provides Vijji pickup and drop facility. On her first day, Vijji faces an annoying caller who tries to change their chat into an obscene one. With her sharp mind, Vijji
5687-409: Is the Tolkāppiyam , an early work on Tamil grammar and poetics, whose oldest layers could be as old as the late 2nd century BCE. Many literary works in Old Tamil have also survived. These include a corpus of 2,381 poems collectively known as Sangam literature . These poems are usually dated to between the 1st century BCE and 5th century CE. The evolution of Old Tamil into Middle Tamil , which
5808-475: Is the elder son of actor Sivakumar and his younger brother Karthi is also an actor. In 2006, he married actress Jyothika whom he co-starred with in 7 films. He began Agaram Foundation , which funds various philanthropic activities, later that year. The year 2012 marked his debut as a television presenter with the Star Vijay game show Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi , the Tamil version of Who Wants to Be
5929-793: Is used as one of the languages of education in Malaysia , along with English, Malay and Mandarin. A large community of Pakistani Tamils speakers exists in Karachi , Pakistan , which includes Tamil-speaking Hindus as well as Christians and Muslims – including some Tamil-speaking Muslim refugees from Sri Lanka. There are about 100 Tamil Hindu families in Madrasi Para colony in Karachi. They speak impeccable Tamil along with Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi. Many in Réunion , Guyana , Fiji , Suriname , and Trinidad and Tobago have Tamil origins, but only
6050-478: The COVID-19 pandemic . He then played Justice K. Chandru in T. J. Gnanavel's legal drama Jai Bhim . The film, which was his own production, was distributed by Amazon Prime Video on 2 November 2021. It received positive reviews from critics, who praised the story, performances, direction and social message, and several publications listed the film as "one of the best Tamil and Indian films of 2021". The film
6171-482: The Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil . His next venture was Vikraman 's romantic drama Unnai Ninaithu followed by the action drama Sri and the romantic drama Mounam Pesiyadhe directed by Ameer Sultan , the lattermost of which earned him his second nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. In 2003, he starred in Gautham Vasudev Menon 's Kaakha Kaakha , a film about
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#17327873044596292-465: The Pandiyan Kings for the organization of long-termed Tamil Sangams , which researched, developed and made amendments in Tamil language. Even though the name of the language which was developed by these Tamil Sangams is mentioned as Tamil, the period when the name "Tamil" came to be applied to the language is unclear, as is the precise etymology of the name. The earliest attested use of the name
6413-599: The University of Madras , was one of the earliest dictionaries published in Indian languages. A strong strain of linguistic purism emerged in the early 20th century, culminating in the Pure Tamil Movement which called for removal of all Sanskritic elements from Tamil. It received some support from Dravidian parties . This led to the replacement of a significant number of Sanskrit loanwords by Tamil equivalents, though many others remain. According to
6534-491: The 11th century, retain many features of the Vaishnava paribasai , a special form of Tamil developed in the 9th and 10th centuries that reflect Vaishnavite religious and spiritual values. Several castes have their own sociolects which most members of that caste traditionally used regardless of where they come from. It is often possible to identify a person's caste by their speech. For example, Tamil Brahmins tend to speak
6655-472: The 6th century. The film met with mixed reviews, but was a commercial success and became his first film to gross above ₹ 1 billion, and earned him his ninth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. His 2012 release was the K. V. Anand -directed action thriller Maattrraan in which he played the role of conjoined twins , Vimalan and Akhilan. The film received mixed reviews, and ended up being an average grosser. Critics however praised
6776-564: The Academy for the 95th Academy Awards . After the release of Etharkkum Thunindhavan , Suriya started work on Bala 's Vanangaan . However, in December 2022, it was confirmed that he left the project due to differences with the director. Suriya's other productions in 2022 were Oh My Dog and Viruman . In 2024, Suriya did a cameo in the Hindi remake of Soorarai Pottru titled Sarfira , an own production with Akshay Kumar in
6897-489: The Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil, and subsequently went on to become the second highest-grossing film of the year. He made his Telugu and Hindi debut in the second part of Ram Gopal Varma 's political drama Rakta Charitra in 2010. The film was released in Tamil as Ratha Sarithiram , which was partly dubbed and partly reshot. Suriya subsequently went on to appear as himself in three consecutive guest appearances, appearing alongside Trisha and Madhavan in
7018-419: The Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. The film's success saw Suriya emerge as the most profitable leading actor in Tamil films, following a hattrick of large commercial hits, with film journals suggesting that his success was due to "experiments within the commercial format" and he was successful in "avoiding being typecast". The film ran 100 days in 3 states (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh). Ayan
7139-481: The Indian state of Haryana , purportedly as a rebuff to Punjab , though there was no attested Tamil-speaking population in the state, and was later replaced by Punjabi , in 2010. In Malaysia, 543 primary education government schools are available fully in Tamil as the medium of instruction . The establishment of Tamil-medium schools has been in process in Myanmar to provide education completely in Tamil language by
7260-474: The Indian state of Tamil Nadu and one of the 22 languages under schedule 8 of the constitution of India . It is one of the official languages of the union territories of Puducherry and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Tamil is also one of the official languages of Singapore . Tamil is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka, along with Sinhala . It was once given nominal official status in
7381-819: The NEET which "prevents medical courses to students from normal families". While Madras High Court judge S.M. Balasubramaniam urged the chief justice to take contempt action against Suriya, this was opposed by six retired judges. Suriya's wife Jyothika had on a separate occasion requested to contribute to schools and hospitals the same as temples. Although the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and other right-wing organisations condemned them, they garnered widespread support from people advocating equality in access to healthcare and education. In 2006, Suriya began Agaram Foundation , working to help children who drop out of school early in Tamil Nadu . Suriya revealed that he
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#17327873044597502-590: The Tamil language, Kannada still preserves a lot from its roots. As part of the southern family of Indian languages and situated relatively close to the northern parts of India, Kannada also shares some Sanskrit words, similar to Malayalam. Many of the formerly used words in Tamil have been preserved with little change in Kannada. This shows a relative parallel to Tamil, even as Tamil has undergone some changes in modern ways of speaking. According to Hindu legend, Tamil or in personification form Tamil Thāi (Mother Tamil)
7623-446: The Tamil version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? . It began airing on 27 February 2012 and ended on 12 July. His next film was Singam II , a sequel to his 2010 film Singam . The film released on 5 July 2013 to mixed reviews from critics. However, the film received a huge opening and emerged one of the highest grossing Tamil films of all time . Suriya was once again acclaimed for his portrayal of Durai Singam and his performance
7744-696: The Tamils who settled there 200 years ago. Tamil language is available as a course in some local school boards and major universities in Canada and the month of January has been declared "Tamil Heritage Month" by the Parliament of Canada . Tamil enjoys a special status of protection under Article 6(b), Chapter 1 of the Constitution of South Africa and is taught as a subject in schools in KwaZulu-Natal province. Recently, it has been rolled out as
7865-442: The ancient language ( sankattamiḻ ), a modern literary and formal style ( centamiḻ ), and a modern colloquial form ( koṭuntamiḻ ). These styles shade into each other, forming a stylistic continuum. For example, it is possible to write centamiḻ with a vocabulary drawn from caṅkattamiḻ , or to use forms associated with one of the other variants while speaking koṭuntamiḻ . In modern times, centamiḻ
7986-450: The applause hits the roof", concluding that it is "completely his film". In 2010, he starred in his 25th release, Singam directed by Hari , in which he played the role of a police officer from a small village going to work in the city. The film received positive reviews with The Hindu newspaper noting that "Suriya shows that be it a performance-oriented role or a formulaic concoction he can deliver", while Sify.com stated "Ultimately it
8107-442: The audition, Vijji is very casual and not able to control her laughter after Kumki, one of the poets at the radio station, recites the lines in a sensual manner. Just at the end, she manages to say 'Hello' in a sensual manner, which impresses Maria. Maria gives her card and asks if she would be able to do a call-in night show - where people would call her to talk about their troubles. Maria gives Vijji time to think. Vijji thinks about
8228-604: The box office, but here Suriya pulls it off admirably." For his performance in the film, Suriya won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor – Tamil , in addition to his twelfth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. The film also grossed above ₹1 billion at the box office worldwide. His next film S3 , the third film of the Singam franchise , was released on 9 February 2017 and emerged another ₹ 1 billion grosser. His only release in 2018
8349-689: The culture associated with the Neolithic complexes of South India, but it has also been related to the Harappan civilization . Scholars categorise the attested history of the language into three periods: Old Tamil (300 BCE–700 CE), Middle Tamil (700–1600) and Modern Tamil (1600–present). About of the approximately 100,000 inscriptions found by the Archaeological Survey of India in India are in Tamil Nadu. Of them, most are in Tamil, with only about 5 percent in other languages. In 2004,
8470-952: The dialect of Madurai , and iṅkaṭe in some northern dialects. Even now, in the Coimbatore area, it is common to hear " akkaṭṭa " meaning "that place". Although Tamil dialects do not differ significantly in their vocabulary, there are a few exceptions. The dialects spoken in Sri Lanka retain many words and grammatical forms that are not in everyday use in India, and use many other words slightly differently. Tamil dialects include Central Tamil dialect , Kongu Tamil , Madras Bashai , Madurai Tamil , Nellai Tamil , Kumari Tamil in India ; Batticaloa Tamil dialect , Jaffna Tamil dialect , Negombo Tamil dialect in Sri Lanka; and Malaysian Tamil in Malaysia. Sankethi dialect in Karnataka has been heavily influenced by Kannada . The dialect of
8591-399: The differences between Tamil and Malayalam demonstrate a pre-historic divergence of the western dialect, the process of separation into a distinct language, Malayalam, was not completed until sometime in the 13th or 14th century. Additionally Kannada is also relatively close to the Tamil language and shares the format of the formal ancient Tamil language. While there are some variations from
8712-539: The director and the project lagging too much. In a 2013 interview with the Bangalore Mirror , film producer G. Dhananjayan called Suriya as the "biggest star" in contemporary Tamil cinema and claimed it was mainly because his popularity extended to Telugu and Malayalam speaking audiences as well. His next film Anjaan directed by N. Lingusamy was released on 15 August 2014 to mixed reviews. He also co-sang " Ek Do Theen Char " with Andrea Jeremiah for
8833-647: The district of Palakkad in Kerala has many Malayalam loanwords, has been influenced by Malayalam's syntax, and has a distinctive Malayalam accent. Similarly, Tamil spoken in Kanyakumari District has more unique words and phonetic style than Tamil spoken at other parts of Tamil Nadu. The words and phonetics are so different that a person from Kanyakumari district is easily identifiable by their spoken Tamil. Hebbar and Mandyam dialects, spoken by groups of Tamil Vaishnavites who migrated to Karnataka in
8954-553: The film Periyanna (1999), directed by S. A. Chandrasekhar . He then appeared twice with Jyothika in Poovellam Kettuppar (1999) and Uyirile Kalanthathu (2000). In 2001, he starred in Siddique 's comedy film Friends , also co-starring Vijay , which became a commercial success. Suriya confessed that he struggled due to lack of confidence, memory power, fighting or dancing skills in his early career, but it
9075-499: The film as Tamizh Nadan. His next release was the science-fiction action drama 24 directed by Vikram Kumar . It was released on 6 May 2016 to positive reviews. Based on the concept of time-travel , the film stars Suriya in triple roles, alongside actresses Samantha Ruth Prabhu and Nithya Menen in leading roles. The Hindu critic Baradwaj Rangan called 24 an "intelligent, joyous mix of sci-fi and masala-myth." Sreedhar Pillai in his review for Firstpost mentioned, 24
9196-435: The film as his "magnum opus", citing that he is "perfect" and that the film for him is a "justified triumph". Similarly, critics cited Suriya's performance as "outstanding" and claimed that the film "works because of his performance", whilst other reviewers claimed the film was an "out and out Suriya show". His portrayals also fetched him several notable awards, including his second Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil ,
9317-424: The film through an eight-month fitness regime without steroids, with the move being a trend-setter for other leading actors from South India. The film, which featured him alongside Simran , Sameera Reddy and Divya Spandana , became commercially successful at the box office upon release and received positive reviews from film critics, with Suriya's dual role performance being lauded. A critic from Rediff labelled
9438-448: The film's technical aspects and VFX , in addition to Suriya's performance, which earned him his tenth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. Suriya himself dubbed for one of his characters in the Telugu dubbed version while his brother Karthi dubbed for his other character. In January 2012, Suriya was named as the official host of the new game show to be presented on STAR Vijay , Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi ,
9559-524: The film, but lost the award to his performance in Soorarai Pottru. The same year, he produced two films, Raame Aandalum Raavane Aandalum and Udanpirappe . Suriya's next film Etharkkum Thunindhavan , also known under the initialism ET , directed by Pandiraj and produced by Kalanithi Maran under Sun Pictures released in theatres on 10 March 2022 to mixed reviews. He also dubbed for himself in Telugu. Following that film, he appeared in
9680-447: The film, which was released directly on Amazon Prime Video on 12 November 2020. The film received widespread critical acclaim and won Suriya his first National Film Award for Best Actor , in addition to his third Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. The film became the most-watched regional language film in the history of Amazon Prime in India. His next work Navarasa , a Netflix anthology series produced by Mani Ratnam ,
9801-503: The film. On 15 May 2015, Suriya released 36 Vayadhinile starring his wife Jyothika , the first production from his company 2D Entertainment . His next release was Venkat Prabhu 's film Massu Engira Masilamani (Masss) , in which he co-starred with Nayanthara for the third time, released to mixed reviews, but critics were all in praise for Suriya's performance. In the same year Suriya produced Pasanga 2 (2015), directed by Pandiraj . Suriya also appears in an extended cameo role in
9922-699: The hill country . Tamil or dialects of it were used widely in the state of Kerala as the major language of administration, literature and common usage until the 12th century CE. Tamil was also used widely in inscriptions found in southern Andhra Pradesh districts of Chittoor and Nellore until the 12th century CE. Tamil was used for inscriptions from the 10th through 14th centuries in southern Karnataka districts such as Kolar , Mysore , Mandya and Bengaluru . There are currently sizeable Tamil-speaking populations descended from colonial-era migrants in Malaysia , Singapore , Philippines , Mauritius , South Africa , Indonesia, Thailand, Burma , and Vietnam . Tamil
10043-432: The introduction of new aspectual auxiliaries and more complex sentence structures, and with the emergence of a more rigid word order that resembles the syntactic argument structure of English. In 1578, Portuguese Christian missionaries published a Tamil prayer book in old Tamil script named Thambiran Vanakkam , thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. The Tamil Lexicon , published by
10164-476: The job and the sensual accent in which she would have to answer the calls. Just to try out, she calls a nearby grocery store, talks in a sensual accent and requests the owner to get a broom and deliver it to the Fifth floor. The owner excitingly comes to the address, only to find out that the floor does not exist. Next, she calls her husband and drives him mad. Next day, she calls Maria multiple times to tell that she
10285-505: The job. But Balu stands by her and she is able to continue. Maria is very happy with her and the show becomes very successful. Vijji also enjoys her work. But at times, Balu expresses his frustration either at his job or hers. It seems that life is like a roller coaster ride for Vijji, high at work and low at home. One day, she gets a call from Siddhu's school and they visit his principal's office. The principal reveals that Siddhu and his friend were about to sell some stolen phones, one of which
10406-498: The judiciary saying that "while the court is run through video conferencing, they have ordered students to take the exams in person during COVID-19". He compared NEET to " manuneethi " and a tale in the Mahabharata in which Drona demanded Ekalavya 's thumb as payment for training, going on to suggest that "the skills and abilities of our children should not be determined by one test". He asked people to raise their voice against
10527-461: The latter of which is restricted to a few lexical items. Tamil employs agglutinative grammar, where suffixes are used to mark noun class , number , and case , verb tense and other grammatical categories. Tamil's standard metalinguistic terminology and scholarly vocabulary is itself Tamil, as opposed to the Sanskrit that is standard for most Indo-Aryan languages . Much of Tamil grammar
10648-459: The lead. He then appeared in Siva 's Kanguva . The film was produced jointly by Studio Green and UV Creations, and was released in theatres on 14 November 2024. In October 2024, he finished filming for Karthik Subbaraj 's Suriya 44 , co-produced by him and Stone Bench Films . Suriya has been a patron of Tamil Nadu Kidney Research Foundation since 2007. In the same year, he also acted in
10769-419: The life of a police officer. The film received positive reviews upon release with a critic from Rediff.com claiming that "Suriya as Anbu Selvan fits the role and this film is certainly a career high for him". The film emerged as Suriya's first major blockbuster at the box office and earned him his third nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. His portrayal of a happy-go-lucky village crook with
10890-423: The name comes from tam-miḻ > tam-iḻ "self-speak", or "our own speech". Kamil Zvelebil suggests an etymology of tam-iḻ , with tam meaning "self" or "one's self", and " -iḻ " having the connotation of "unfolding sound". Alternatively, he suggests a derivation of tamiḻ < tam-iḻ < * tav-iḻ < * tak-iḻ , meaning in origin "the proper process (of speaking)". However, this
11011-537: The old aspect and time markers. The Nannūl remains the standard normative grammar for modern literary Tamil, which therefore continues to be based on Middle Tamil of the 13th century rather than on Modern Tamil. Colloquial spoken Tamil, in contrast, shows a number of changes. The negative conjugation of verbs, for example, has fallen out of use in Modern Tamil – instead, negation is expressed either morphologically or syntactically. Modern spoken Tamil also shows
11132-465: The policy sought to impose entrance and qualifying examination on students and the three language formula in Tamil Nadu. His statements were criticized by BJP and AIADMK leaders. Suriya issued a statement on National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) in September 2020 after three students committed suicide. He criticized the government for enacting laws that created inequalities and criticized
11253-451: The position of a RJ. She is very excited and feels that this is the job she is waiting for. She insists on filling the form, which the receptionist refuses on some pretext or the other. Coincidentally, RJ Anjali walks in and feels that she must give her a shot. She takes Vijji to meet her boss, Maria. Vijji is extrovert and engaging, which is a bit annoying for others but Maria finds her interesting. She gives her an opportunity to audition. At
11374-477: The responsible husband and father, or the cool dude at college". In 2007, his only release was director Hari 's Vel , where he was paired with Asin for the second time after Ghajini . The film, which featured him in dual roles, was commercially successful. His next release was another collaboration with Gautham Vasudev Menon after the success of Kaakha Kaakha . Suriya began work on Menon's biopic Vaaranam Aayiram in November 2007. Playing dual roles for
11495-510: The rural populace who do not otherwise have access to quality education. Through the foundation, Suriya has also managed to set up a platform for students to participate in workshops and improve communication skills, teamwork, goal setting and leadership. Suriya is among the highest paid actors in Tamil cinema. For 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, Suriya was included in the Forbes India Celebrity 100 list which
11616-470: The standard characters, six characters taken from the Grantha script , which was used in the Tamil region to write Sanskrit, are sometimes used to represent sounds not native to Tamil, that is, words adopted from Sanskrit, Prakrit , and other languages. The traditional system prescribed by classical grammars for writing loan-words, which involves respelling them in accordance with Tamil phonology, remains, but
11737-532: The third time he collaborated with the director. Although the film received mixed reviews from critics, it ended up being a commercial success. He also produced Uriyadi 2 and Jackpot in 2019. His next film, the biographical drama Soorarai Pottru , was based on the life of Air Deccan founder Captain G. R. Gopinath . It was directed by Sudha Kongara , produced by Suriya's 2D Entertainment and co-produced by Guneet Monga under Sikhya Entertainment. He sang "Maara Theme" and its Telugu version "Maha Theme" for
11858-412: The third time in his career, Suriya appeared as father and son, with both characters demanding scenes shot throughout their lives ranging from scenes as a 16-year-old to scenes as a 65-year-old. During the production of the film, Suriya described the project as "unique" and "straight from the heart", describing the physical hardships he endured during the making. He lost weight and prepared a six pack for
11979-469: The thriller Kaakha Kaakha (2003). Following award-winning performances of a conman in Pithamagan (2003) and a hunchback in Perazhagan (2004), he played a man suffering from anterograde amnesia in the 2005 blockbuster Ghajini . He rose to stardom with dual roles of a father and son in Gautham Vasudev Menon 's semi-autobiographical Vaaranam Aayiram (2008). His status as an action star
12100-515: The truth himself. He was initially offered the lead role by Vasanth in his film Aasai (1995), but he rejected the offer citing a lack of interest in an acting career and the offer went to Ajith Kumar . He later debuted in Vasanth's 1997 film Nerrukku Ner , produced by Mani Ratnam when he was 22 years of age. The stage name "Suriya" was bestowed to him by Ratnam to avoid a clash of names with established actor Saravanan . The name "Suriya"
12221-526: The word for "here"— iṅku in Centamil (the classic variety)—has evolved into iṅkū in the Kongu dialect of Coimbatore , inga in the dialects of Thanjavur and Palakkad , and iṅkai in some dialects of Sri Lanka . Old Tamil's iṅkaṇ (where kaṇ means place) is the source of iṅkane in the dialect of Tirunelveli , Old Tamil iṅkiṭṭu is the source of iṅkuṭṭu in
12342-549: Was Thaana Serndha Kootam directed by Vignesh Shivan and produced by Studio Green with music done by Anirudh Ravichander . The Telugu dubbed version received praise for Suriya's dubbing. In the same year, he produced Kadaikutty Singam , starring his brother Karthi , and co-sang "Cha Cha Charey" with Karthi , Kharesma Ravichandran , Venkat Prabhu and Premgi Amaren for the movie Party . The first of his two releases in 2019, Selvaraghavan 's NGK , released on 31 May 2019. The second, K. V. Anand 's Kaappaan marked
12463-547: Was Pepsi 's brand ambassador in Tamil Nadu along with R. Madhavan . He was chosen to represent TVS Motors , Sunfeast Biscuits and Aircel in 2006. He had endorsed Saravana Stores , Bharathi Cements and Emami Navaratna products in 2010. In 2011, he had signed new deals with Nescafe , Close-Up and Zandu Balm, for the latter of which he appeared with actress Malaika Arora . In 2012, Suriya endorsed Malabar Gold and Diamonds . The commercials for Aircel and Nescafe featured Suriya and his wife Jyothika together. In 2013, he
12584-421: Was Balu's to buy a PlayStation gaming console, and also forged Balu's signatures over the remarks written in his school diary. On this basis, he suspends Siddhu from the school. This becomes a very big issue in their family and Vijji's sisters blame her that because of her job she has neglected Siddhu. They decide that she now has to leave the job and Siddhu would not stay with them because her low level of education
12705-534: Was a Tamilian himself, in a joint sitting of both houses of the Indian Parliament on 6 June 2004. The socio-linguistic situation of Tamil is characterised by diglossia : there are two separate registers varying by socioeconomic status , a high register and a low one. Tamil dialects are primarily differentiated from each other by the fact that they have undergone different phonological changes and sound shifts in evolving from Old Tamil. For example,
12826-402: Was actor Raghuvaran , one of his mentors, who advised him to create his own identity, rather than stay under his father's shadow. His major break came in the form of the action drama Nandhaa , which was directed by Bala . Playing the role of an ex-convict who is very attached to his mother, he received a Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor , in addition to his first nomination for
12947-437: Was also commercially successful. Suriya signed on to feature in the psychological thriller, Ghajini directed by A. R. Murugadoss in November 2004. He played the role of a businessman suffering from anterograde amnesia . Ghajini emerged as a blockbuster at the box office and was the third highest-grossing Tamil film of the year. Suriya's performance was unanimously praised, with a reviewer from Sify citing that "the film
13068-600: Was claimed to be dated to around 580 BCE. John Guy states that Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime traders from India. Tamil language inscriptions written in Brahmi script have been discovered in Sri Lanka and on trade goods in Thailand and Egypt. In November 2007, an excavation at Quseir-al-Qadim revealed Egyptian pottery dating back to first century BCE with ancient Tamil Brahmi inscriptions. There are
13189-567: Was composed by debutant A. H. Kaashif , nephew of A. R. Rahman. The music was programmed by Suryansh Jain, songs were mixed by Pradeep Menon and mastered by Suresh Permal at AM Studios , Chennai. The lyrics were written by Madhan Karky . Times of India has given 3.5 stars and summarized "This remake of Tumhari Sulu is an engaging entertainer that manages to retain the spirit of the original". Anjana Shekar from The News Minute wrote "Jyothika wins your heart as Viji in this comedy drama". Behindwoods said "Jyothika and Radhamohan are back with
13310-540: Was created by Lord Shiva . Murugan , revered as the Tamil God, along with sage Agastya , brought it to the people. Tamil, like other Dravidian languages, ultimately descends from the Proto-Dravidian language , which was most likely spoken around the third millennium BCE, possibly in the region around the lower Godavari river basin. The material evidence suggests that the speakers of Proto-Dravidian were of
13431-571: Was established with roles of a smuggler in Ayan (2009), and an aggressive cop in the Singam trilogy . He also found success with the science fiction films 7aum Arivu (2011) and 24 (2016) and then went on to work in critically acclaimed films like Soorarai Pottru (2020) and Jai Bhim (2021), the former of which earned him the National Film Award for Best Actor . Suriya
13552-548: Was frequently used for characters in Ratnam's films. Vijay , who co-starred with him in the film, would also go on to become a leading contemporary actor in Kollywood. This was followed by a series of roles in commercially unsuccessful films in the late 1990s. In 1998, he starred in the romantic film Kaadhale Nimmadhi . In July the same year, he had another release Sandhippoma . Subsequently, he acted with Vijayakanth in
13673-536: Was hailed as "the film's backbone". Singam II was a box office hit and became his second ₹1 billion grosser. Suriya received his eleventh nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil for his performance in the film. Suriya distributed the film through his production company 2D Entertainment , founded in 2013. He had signed on to feature in Gautham Vasudev Menon 's film Dhruva Natchathiram and reportedly waited for six months to start filming. However, in October 2013, he backed out due to differences with
13794-782: Was inspired to begin the movement as a result of his father's own organisation, Sivakumar Educational Trust, which had been operating similar benefits on a smaller scale since the 1980s. With the Ministry of Education in Tamil Nadu , the foundation created a short commercial video outlining child poverty, labour and lack of education, titled Herova? Zerova? . The film was written and produced by Sivakumar and also starred Vijay , Madhavan and Jyothika . Agaram sponsored 159 underprivileged students in 2010 for their higher education in various disciplines, and has continued to provide free seats and accommodation for pupils. Agaram Foundation works towards providing appropriate learning opportunities to
13915-508: Was released on 6 August 2021. He acted in the 9th episode titled Guitar Kambi Mele Nindru , directed by Gautham Vasudev Menon . The artists, technicians and directors of the series contributed towards the film without remuneration, with only the costs of production being associated. The profits earned from the project were donated to the members of the Film Employees Federation of South India (FEFSI), who were affected by
14036-431: Was revealed by Jyothika's husband Suriya on Independence Day and features her carrying a placard with "Ten Commandments for Women", and was seen as a satirical comment at the "restrictions" placed on women by society. Kaatrin Mozhi new stills showing Jyothika in an unembellished avatar, playing with a pet pigeon released revealing her character along with its release date as 18 October. The soundtracks and background music
14157-481: Was shortlisted among the 276 films eligible for nomination at the 94th Academy Awards , but failed to make the final list of nominations. Jai Bhim also became the first Indian film to be featured on the Oscars ' YouTube channel. Suriya won the Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil as producer of the film, and received his fourteenth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil for his performance in
14278-488: Was shot extensively across Tanzania , Namibia , Malaysia and India and featured acrobatic stunts by Suriya, without the use of a stunt double. Upon release, it received positive reviews, with critics citing the film as a "must watch" and Suriya's performance was yet again acclaimed and he found himself nominated for leading awards and won the Vijay Award for Entertainer of the Year , in addition to his seventh nomination for
14399-552: Was the highest-grossing Tamil film of 2009 . His next film, K. S. Ravikumar 's action entertainer Aadhavan also achieved commercial success, while Suriya's depiction of a hitman was praised. A critic from Sify.com labelled it as an "out and out Suriya show", stating that "the film rides on the magic of the actor, and his zany shenanigans alone makes it worth a watch" and Rediff.com cited that "he sings, dances, and fights with absolute sincerity, but when he looks at you with tears in his eyes in an emotional scene tailor-made for him,
14520-504: Was the lingua franca for early maritime traders, with inscriptions found in places like Sri Lanka , Thailand , and Egypt . The language has a well-documented history with literary works like Sangam literature , consisting of over 2,000 poems. Tamil script evolved from Tamil Brahmi, and later, the vatteluttu script was used until the current script was standardized. The language has a distinct grammatical structure, with agglutinative morphology that allows for complex word formations. Tamil
14641-451: Was the emergence of the present tense. The present tense evolved out of the verb kil ( கில் ), meaning "to be possible" or "to befall". In Old Tamil, this verb was used as an aspect marker to indicate that an action was micro-durative, non-sustained or non-lasting, usually in combination with a time marker such as ṉ ( ன் ). In Middle Tamil, this usage evolved into a present tense marker – kiṉṟa ( கின்ற ) – which combined
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