Misplaced Pages

#395604

40-858: Kadriorg is known for Kadriorg Palace and surrounding Kadriorg Park , commissioned by the Russian Czar Peter the Great . Nowadays, the park is a location of several museums including the Kadriorg Art Museum (a branch of the Art Museum of Estonia in Kadriorg palace ), Kumu Art Museum , Mikkel , Peter the Great Museum and Eduard Vilde Museum. Nearby, close to the sea, is the Russalka Memorial which commemorates

80-591: A government chosen by the majority in Parliament in 1905. Since then, prime ministers had been de facto required to have the confidence of the Riksdag to stay in office. Early in his reign, in 1910, Gustaf V refused to grant clemency to the convicted murderer Johan Alfred Ander , who thus became the last person to be executed in Sweden. At first Gustaf V seemed to be willing to accept parliamentary rule . After

120-469: A heavy gain for the Liberals and Social Democrats , who between them held a decisive majority. Despite this, Gustaf initially tried to appoint a Conservative government headed by Johan Widén . However, Widén was unable to attract enough support for a coalition. It was now apparent that Gustaf could no longer appoint a government entirely of his own choosing, nor could he keep a government in office against

160-600: A pointed mustache for most of his teen years. Gustaf V was a devoted tennis player, appearing under the pseudonym Mr G . As a player and promoter of the sport, he was elected to the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1980. The King learned to play tennis during a visit in Britain in 1876 and founded Sweden's first tennis club on his return home. In 1936 he founded the King's Club. During his reign, Gustaf

200-455: A symbol of the nation's unity. Both the King and his grandson Prince Gustaf Adolf socialised with Nazi leaders before World War II, though arguably for diplomatic purposes. Gustaf V attempted to convince Hitler during a visit to Berlin to soften his persecution of the Jews, according to historian Jörgen Weibull. He was also noted for appealing to the leader of Hungary to save its Jews "in

240-509: Is an 18th-century Petrine Baroque palace in Kadriorg , Tallinn , the capital of Estonia . Both the Estonian and the German name for the palace means "Catherine's valley". It was built in 1718–1725 to Nicola Michetti 's designs by Gaetano Chiaveri and Mikhail Zemtsov . The palace currently houses the Kadriorg Art Museum, a branch of the Art Museum of Estonia , displaying foreign art from

280-705: Is sometimes alleged to be his desire to avoid conflict with Germany. The event has received considerable attention from Swedish historians and is known as midsommarkrisen , the Midsummer Crisis. Confirmation of the King's action is contained in German Foreign Policy documents captured at the end of the war. On 25 June 1941, the German Ambassador in Stockholm sent a "Most Urgent-Top Secret" message to Berlin in which he stated that

320-607: The 1912 Olympic Games and chaired the Swedish Association of Sports from 1897 to 1907. Most notably, he represented Sweden (under the alias of Mr G. ) as a competitive tennis player, keeping up competitive tennis until his 80s, when his eyesight deteriorated rapidly. He was succeeded by his son, Gustaf VI Adolf . Gustaf V was born on 16 June 1858 in Drottningholm Palace in Ekerö , Stockholm County ,

360-482: The Art Museum of Estonia . In 1929, in connection with a state visit by King Gustaf V of Sweden , the palace was turned into a summer residence for the head of state of Estonia. In 1934, the palace became the official residence of the then head of state, Konstantin Päts who embarked on extensive and controversial restoration works with the aim of transforming the park and the palace into his private domain. From this era,

400-609: The German occupation of Estonia during World War II , the palace was the residence of the civilian governor of occupied Estonia, Karl-Siegmund Litzmann . After 1944, during the Soviet occupation of Estonia, the palace once again became the main venue for the Art Museum of Estonia, although the buildings were neglected and by the time of the restoration of Estonia's independence in 1991, completely run down. Restoration works, supported by

440-552: The Liberals won a massive landslide victory in 1911, Gustaf appointed Liberal leader Karl Staaff as Prime Minister. However, during the run-up to World War I, the elites objected to Staaff's defence policy. In February 1914, a large crowd of farmers gathered at the royal palace and demanded that the country's defences be strengthened. In his reply, the so-called Courtyard Speech —which was actually written by explorer Sven Hedin , an ardent conservative—Gustaf promised to strengthen

SECTION 10

#1732776301396

480-516: The Midsummer crisis , the King in a private conversation had threatened to abdicate if the government did not approve a German request to transfer a German infantry division, the so-called Engelbrecht Division , through Swedish territory from southern Norway to northern Finland in June 1941, around Midsummer . The accuracy of the claim is debated, and the King's intention, if he really made the threat,

520-828: The Royal Chapel of the Stockholm Palace by the Archbishop of Uppsala , Henrik Reuterdahl . The following year, his brother Prince Oscar was born, followed by Prince Carl in 1861, and Prince Eugen in 1865. The family lived in the Arvfurstens palats ( Palace of the Hereditary Prince ), an 18th-century palace located at Gustav Adolfs torg in central Stockholm , and the summers were spent at Sofiero Castle near Helsingborg in Scania , which

560-581: The 16th to 20th centuries. The building of the Kumu branch of the museum , showing Estonian art from the 18th century onwards is located nearby in the Kadriorg Park . After the successful 1710 siege of Reval (Tallinn) during the Great Northern War , Czar Peter the Great of Russia bought a small manor house at Laksberg (Lasnamäe) for his wife Catherine . Plans for a larger palace in

600-559: The Elder , Adriaen Cornelisz Beeldemaker ("Hunter on Horseback"), Maria Dorothea Wagner , Julie Wilhelmine Hagen-Schwarz , Bernardo Strozzi , Pietro Liberi , Anton Graff , Angelica Kauffman , Francesco Fontebasso , Cornelis Schut , Mikhail Clodt , and Ilya Repin ("Soldier's Tale"). 59°26′19″N 24°47′27″E  /  59.43851°N 24.79084°E  / 59.43851; 24.79084 Gustaf V of Sweden Gustaf V (Oscar Gustaf Adolf; 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950)

640-557: The Haijby Affair were adapted into a fictional miniseries for Sveriges Television called En Kunglig Affär (A Royal Secret) , directed by Lisa James Larsson and written by Bengt Braskered . After a reign of nearly 43 years, Gustaf V died in Stockholm of acute bronchitis with bronchiectasis on 29 October 1950. His 67-year-old son Gustaf succeeded him as Gustaf VI Adolf . Upon his creation as Duke of Värmland, Gustaf V

680-435: The King had just informed him that the transit of German troops would be allowed. He added: The King's words conveyed the joyful emotion he felt. He had lived through anxious days and had gone far in giving his personal support to the matter. He added confidentially that he had found it necessary to go so far as to mention his abdication. Gustaf V was thin, and known for his height. He wore pince-nez eyeglasses and sported

720-460: The Riksdag under the Instrument of government, it was now understood that they were politically responsible to the Riksdag as well. Gustaf accepted his reduced role, and reigned for the rest of his life as a model limited constitutional monarch. Parliamentarianism had become a de facto reality in Sweden, even if it would not be formalised until 1974, when a new Instrument of Government stripped

760-556: The area were developed soon afterwards and construction of a new palace, in what is now Kadriorg, was started on 25 July 1718. The construction of the main building of the palace was completed by 1725. Peter the Great and Catherine visited the unfinished residence on several occasions, but after his death in 1725 Catherine showed no interest in the seaside property. The great hall with Catherine's initials and profuse stucco decor (attributed to Heinrich von Bergen) survives, while many other interiors have been altered. The gardener Ilya Surmin

800-425: The charge of a homosexual relationship with a Jew. Allegations of a love affair between Gustaf V and Kurt Haijby led to the court paying 170,000 kronor under the threat of blackmail by Haijby. That led to the so-called Haijby Affair and several controversial trials and convictions against Haijby, which spawned considerable controversy about Gustaf V's alleged homosexuality. In 2021 the alleged events surrounding

840-658: The country's defences. Staaff was outraged, telling the King that parliamentary rule called for the Crown to stay out of partisan politics. He was also angered that he had not been consulted in advance of the speech. However, Gustaf retorted that he still had the right to "communicate freely with the Swedish people". The Staaff government resigned in protest, and Gustaf appointed a government of civil servants headed by Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (father of future UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld ) in its place. The 1917 elections showed

SECTION 20

#1732776301396

880-723: The father acquired in 1864. During his early years, the prince was considered to have a weak body constitution, and as a consequence he was treated with electrotherapy on 10 May 1871. The three eldest princes began their schooling at the newly founded Beskowska School in Östermalm in Stockholm in October 1869. Among the prince's classmates at the school was the future party leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party and three times Prime Minister of Sweden , Hjalmar Branting . On 18 September 1872 his uncle King Charles XV died, and Gustaf's father ascended

920-569: The government of Sweden , began in 1991, and the palace was reopened to the public in 2000. It was also decided that a new building would be established nearby for the section of the museum devoted to Estonian art . The restored palace was reopened in the summer of 2000, but it no longer serves as the main building of the museum, but as a branch displaying the museum's collection of foreign art. This art museum has paintings by Bartholomeus van der Helst , Gillis van Valckenborch ("Burning of Troy"), Jacob Jordaens ("Holy Family"), Lambert de Hondt

960-410: The leadup to World War I induced his dismissal of Liberal Prime Minister Karl Staaff in 1914, replacing him with his own figurehead, Hjalmar Hammarskjöld , the father of Dag Hammarskjöld , for most of the war. However, after the Liberals and Social Democrats secured a parliamentary majority under Staaff's successor, Nils Edén , he allowed Edén to form a new government which de facto stripped

1000-439: The library in elaborate " Danzig - baroque " style, completed by architect Olev Siinmaa in 1939 is worth mentioning. A purpose-built presidential palace on the grounds (1938) was designed by Alar Kotli . In 1921, the palace became the main site for the Art Museum of Estonia . The museum was rehoused in temporary locations from 1929 while the palace was being converted into the Estonian head of state's official residence. During

1040-540: The loss of a Russian warship in 1893. The official residence of the President of Estonia is situated next to Kadriorg Palace in the park. 59°26′18.39″N 24°47′30.82″E  /  59.4384417°N 24.7918944°E  / 59.4384417; 24.7918944 This Tallinn location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kadriorg Palace Kadriorg Palace ( Estonian : Kadrioru loss , German : Schloss Katharinental )

1080-461: The ministers, they now had to have the confidence of Parliament. He was now also bound to act on the ministers' advice. Although the provision in the Instrument of Government stating that "the King alone shall govern the realm" remained unchanged, the king was now bound by convention to exercise his powers through the ministers. Thus, for all intents and purposes, the ministers did the actual governing. While ministers were already legally responsible to

1120-500: The monarchy of even nominal political power. Gustaf V was considered to have German sympathies during World War I. His political stance during the war was highly influenced by his wife, who felt a strong connection to her German homeland. On 18 December 1914, he sponsored a meeting in Malmö with the other two kings of Scandinavia to demonstrate unity. Another of Gustaf V's objectives was to dispel suspicions that he wanted to bring Sweden into

1160-826: The monarchy of virtually all powers and enacted universal and equal suffrage , including for women, by 1919. Bowing to the principles of parliamentary democracy, he remained a popular figurehead for the remaining 31 years of his rule, although not completely without influence. Gustaf V had pro-German and anti-Communist stances which were outwardly expressed during World War I and the Russian Civil War . During World War II , he allegedly urged Per Albin Hansson 's coalition government to accept requests from Nazi Germany for logistics support, arguing that refusing might provoke an invasion. His intervention remains controversial. An avid hunter and sportsman, Gustaf presided over

1200-630: The name of humanity." When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, Gustaf V tried to write a private letter to Hitler thanking him for taking care of the " Bolshevik pest" and congratulating him on his "already achieved victories". He was stopped from doing so by Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson . During the war Gustaf V invited Swedish Nazi leader Sven Olov Lindholm to Stockholm Palace . The King had friends in Lindholm's movement. According to Prime Minister Hansson, during

1240-569: The only daughter of Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden and Princess Louise of Prussia . On 8 December 1907 King Oscar II died and the 49-year-old Gustaf succeeded his father as King of Sweden as the fifth monarch from the House of Bernadotte . When he ascended the throne, Gustaf V was, at least on paper, a near-autocrat . The 1809 Instrument of Government made the King both head of state and head of government, and ministers were solely responsible to him. However, his father had been forced to accept

Kadriorg - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-485: The palace and grounds took place. Between 1741 and 1917, the palace also housed the civilian governor of the Governorate of Estonia . After Estonia became an independent country in 1918, the palace became state property. For a time, one of the wings housed the studio of sculptor August Weizenberg while the palace was used for art exhibitions. Between 1921 and 1928 the palace housed what would eventually develop into

1320-404: The son of Prince Oscar, Duke of Östergötland and Princess Sofia of Nassau . His father was a younger son of the reigning king, Oscar I , and as the king's eldest son, Crown Prince Charles had no surviving sons, it could be expected that the new-born prince would one day inherit the Swedish throne. At birth he was created Duke of Värmland , and on 12 July he was baptised Oscar Gustaf Adolf at

1360-589: The throne as King Oscar II. Upon his father's accession to the throne, Gustaf became crown prince of both Sweden and Norway at the age of 14. The new king and queen and their children now moved into the large Stockholm Palace, and the crown prince's schooling at the Beskowska School was interrupted, as he was now to receive his education as heir to the throne at the palace. On 20 September 1881 in Karlsruhe , Germany, he married Princess Victoria of Baden ,

1400-499: The war on Germany's side. Although effectively stripped of political power, Gustaf was not completely without influence. In 1938, for instance, he personally summoned the German ambassador to Sweden and told him that if Hitler attacked Czechoslovakia over its refusal to give up the Sudetenland , it would trigger a world war that Germany would almost certainly lose. Additionally, his long reign gave him great moral authority as

1440-451: The will of Parliament. With no choice but to appoint a Liberal as prime minister, he appointed a Liberal-Social Democratic coalition government headed by Staaff's successor as Liberal leader, Nils Edén . The Edén government promptly arrogated most of the king's political powers to itself and enacted numerous reforms, most notably the institution of complete (male and female) universal suffrage in 1918–1919. While Gustaf still formally appointed

1480-468: Was King of Sweden from 8 December 1907 until his death in 1950. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau , a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg . Reigning from the death of his father Oscar II in 1907 to his own death nearly 43 years later, he holds the record of being the oldest monarch of Sweden with the third-longest reign after Magnus IV (1319–1364) and his great-grandson, Carl XVI Gustaf (1973–present). He

1520-507: Was also the last Swedish monarch to exercise his royal prerogatives, which largely died with him, although they were formally abolished only with the remaking of the Swedish constitution in 1974 . He was the first Swedish king since the High Middle Ages not to have a coronation and so never wore the king's crown, a practice that has continued ever since. Gustaf's early reign saw the rise of parliamentary rule in Sweden although

1560-571: Was often seen playing on the Riviera . On a visit to Berlin, Gustaf went straight from a meeting with Hitler to a tennis match with the Jewish player Daniel Prenn . During World War II, he interceded to obtain better treatment for Davis Cup star Jean Borotra of France and his personal trainer and friend Baron Gottfried von Cramm of Germany, who had been imprisoned by the Nazi Government on

1600-618: Was responsible for the flower garden with two fountains and the so-called mirage garden on several levels. The layout of the park shares similarities with that of the palace of Peter the Great in Strelna . After the death of Peter the Great, the palace received little attention from the Russian royal family. It was sporadically visited, by the Empress Elisabeth and Catherine the Great . In 1828-1830 extensive restoration works of

#395604