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38-601: One of the conditions of the Kampala Accord was that Prime Minister Mohamed Formajo would resign within 30 days. Announcement of Prime Minister Mohamed's proposed resignation was immediately met with protests in various cities. Thousands of civilians, many government soldiers, and some legislators marched through the streets of Mogadishu, calling for the dismissal of the President, the Parliament Speaker and

76-684: A protectorate , thereby passing the city into nominal Italian control. Under Italian rule, the city's communities were split along the "Tomaselli Line" to prevent further conflict between the Darod and the Hawiye. After World War II, Italian Somaliland became the Trust Territory of Somalia under the guidance of the United Nations . At this time, the city saw significant unity among rival groups due to growing Somali nationalism, spurred by

114-589: A Galkayo branch, one of its seven campuses in Puntland. Additionally, the public Galkayo Vocational Training Centre and the privately owned Mudug Vocational Training Center provide technical training. Galkayo is home to Awale Stadium , a sporting facility that is named in memory of Mohammed Awale Liban , a Somali nationalist who designed the flag of Somalia in 1954. The stadium hosts many local football clubs, including FC YAMAYS, RPS FC, Dowladda Hoose FC, Comced FC, Homboboro FC, Telecom FC and Galcom FC. In addition,

152-423: A member of a Darod subclan, backed the Darod people in their struggle over the city. On 12 November 1989, a group of Hawiye officers mutinied against Barre's regime for this clan favoritism. This mutiny was put down a day later by a militia led by Maslah Mohammed Barre , Siad Barre's son. Hawiye villages around Galkayo were punished in response to the mutiny by Barre's militia, furthering the divide between them and

190-689: A motion in Parliament opposing the agreement, but the Speaker rebuffed it. Ashareh also stated that MPs would issue a vote of no confidence vis-a-vis the Speaker Hassan if he continued to refuse to permit debate to take place, suggesting that Hassan's refusal "contravenes the Charter and rules of procedure". Following talks with parliamentarians, President Sharif Ahmed asserted on 28 June 2011 that, on account of opposition amongst legislators to

228-569: A police crackdown and comprehensive administrative reform in 2010 and 2011. The Puntland and Galmudug administrations subsequently signed an accord in Garowe in February 2011, officially agreeing to cooperate on security, economic and social matters so as to strengthen inter-regional relations. A lively trading city, Galkayo is a center for local business. Hotels, guest houses, restaurants, supermarkets and newly erected office blocks earmarked for

266-488: A possible resurgence of governmental corruption and lassitude, long-standing problems which Mohamed's administration had made significant strides toward eradicating, were cited as primary reasons for the consternation. According to one legislator, many policy-makers are trying to repeal the Kampala decision, as it also "subject[s] the country to trusteeship". Another MP indicated that "lawmakers are united in their opposition to

304-467: A press conference, the Premier called for the immediate release of all protestors who had been detained, and stated that his administration would launch an independent investigation into their arrest. Weighing in on the demonstrations, Mogadishu's Mayor Mohamed Nur suggested that "what [the demonstrators] have a problem with is that two people go and decide the fate of this government without considering

342-473: Is divided into four main districts called Garsoor, Horumar, Israac, and Wadajir respectively. The Puntland Administration fully controls Garsoor, Israac, and Horumar (The neutral areas are sited by the Old Galkayo market and the loose boundary. Although relatively stable compared to southern Somalia, sporadic targeted assassination attempts by Al-Shabaab militants against Puntland public officials led to

380-556: Is divided into four main quarters: Garsoor, Horumar, Israac, and Wadajir. Puntland fully controls Galkayo, hormar, and israac (The neutral areas are sited by the Old Galkayo market. Galkayo serves as the capital of the Galkayo District . The city has grown considerably in recent times and serves as a commercial hub. At its founding, the city was primarily inhabited by pastoralists, who sporadically fought in clan groups over resources like water and grazing land. In particular,

418-823: Is not recognized by any international entity. In September 2013, the Somali federal government signed an official cooperation agreement with its Chinese counterpart in Mogadishu as part of a five-year national recovery plan. The pact will see the Chinese authorities reconstruct several major infrastructural landmarks in the Somali capital and elsewhere, as well as the road linking Galkayo with Burao . Various media organizations are based in Galkayo. These include Radio Daljir, Radio Galmudug and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo , formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, also broadcasts from

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456-480: Is too] early to judge his work. But what he has done so far has been very positive. It has achieved important results. The government already seemed a miracle[...] The strength of the instability in Somalia is a constant. And the prime minister represents stability." On 19 June 2011, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed resigned from his position as Prime Minister of Somalia. Part of the controversial Kampala Accord's conditions,

494-714: The Darod , dominant in the north of the city, and the Hawiye , dominant in the south of the city, fought over the city due to their long-standing rivalry. Galkayo was formally established in the late 19th century by Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid of the Hobyo Sultanate . Kenadid, as part of an ongoing power struggle with his rivals in the Majeerteen Sultanate , signed a treaty with the Kingdom of Italy to become

532-1050: The Majerteen , followed by the Leelkase , Arab Salah and Surre clans. The neighborhood of Wadajir in the southern area of the city, is mainly inhabited by the Sa'ad sub-division of the Habar Gidir . Galkayo has a number of academic institutions. According to the Puntland Ministry of Education, there are 40 primary schools in the Galkayo District . Among these are the Axmed Guray school in Israac, named after Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey); Al-Qudus in Horumar; and Barkhadle in Garsoor, built in honour of

570-698: The 13th century scholar and saint Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn (Aw Barkhadle). Puntland secondary schools in the area include Haji Ali Bihi, Cumar Samatar Secondary School (CSSS), Yasin Nor Hassan and Galkayo High. In addition, several new schools were opened in 2012. Institutions of higher learning with a presence in the city include the Puntland State University , Puntland University of Science and Technology, Galkayo University , and Mudug University. East Africa University (EAU) also has

608-601: The Darod, and leading to a subsequent mutiny in Mogadishu on 5 December 1989. During the Somali Civil War , the Hawiye rebel organization United Somali Congress attacked Darod elements in Galkayo, starting a major clan war surrounding the city and Mudug region as a whole. The fighting clans drew administrative borders through the city, splitting it between the Darod-controlled Puntland and

646-761: The Hawiye-controlled Galmudug, strengthening the divide between them. As the fighting of the Somali Civil War became more violent, the United Nations intervened with United Nations Operation in Somalia II , and negotiated peace within the Mudug region and the withdrawal of militant fighters from Galkayo. Conflicts between Puntland and Galmudug authorities continued to erupt over the status of Galkayo. In November 2015, anger over

684-600: The Kampala agreement presents other potential long-term issues, such as facilitating intervention and meddling by neighboring countries, with the Ugandan government's role as the final arbiter, in particular, cited as problematic. Responding to the Kampala decision, the Al-Shabaab insurgent group's head of policy and regions, Sheikh Hussein Ali Fidow, told reporters on 22 June 2011 that the accord ended in failure since it

722-439: The Kampala decision, the accord would be brought before Parliament for deliberation. He also indicated that the agreement would not be implemented unless approved by lawmakers. Galkacyo Galkayo ( Somali : Gaalkacyo , Arabic : جالكعيو , Italian : Gallacaio also known as Rocca Littorio ) is the third-largest city in Somalia which serves as the capital of the north-central Mudug region. Geographically, Galkayo

760-515: The Parliament Speaker Sharif Hassan as legitimate governmental authorities. He also reiterated his group's call for Ugandan troops to withdraw from the country. On 24 June 2011, lawmakers reaffirmed their opposition to and intention of repealing the Kampala decision. The Chairman of the federal Information, Public Awareness, Culture and Heritage Committee, Awad Ahmed Ashareh , indicated that 165 legislators had tendered

798-531: The Parliament. The crowd also demanded that the Premier be reinstated and described Mohamed as the "only honest leader in recent years". Attacks on hotels in which members of parliament were staying and at least five deaths were also reported. Additional demonstrations against the Premier's resignation were held in Galkacyo , a key trading city in the north-central Mudug region, as well as in Belet Hawo in

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836-474: The accord deprived MPs of their legislative role vis-a-vis the government. On 12 June 2011, President Sharif Ahmed released a statement wherein he condemned the protests, describing them as "illegal". He also suggested that some government officials were financing the rallies in Mogadishu, and warned that the Al-Shabaab group of Islamists that is waging war against the federal government could try to exploit

874-585: The accord. This was echoed by the Cabinet, which indicated in a press release that, after having convened to discuss the Kampala decision, the Ministers agreed that the accord must be put before Parliament for evaluation. In addition, over 200 parliamentarians reportedly sought to urge the Prime Minister to reconvene Parliament so as to deliberate the decision, indicating in a separate statement that

912-420: The agreement would also see the mandates of the President, the Parliament Speaker and Deputies extended until August 2012, after which point new elections are to be organized. In his farewell speech, Prime Minister Mohamed indicated that he was stepping down in "the interest of the Somali people and the current situation in Somalia". He also thanked his Cabinet for its efforts in improving the security situation and

950-763: The city also has another stadium Abdullahi Issa stadium in the South, named after Abdullahi Issa , the Prime Minister of Italian Somalia during the trusteeship period, serving from February 29, 1956, to July 1, 1960. Various courts built specifically for basketball and volleyball also exist in the city. Air transportation in Galacyo is served by the Abdullahi Yusuf Airport , operated by Puntland and Oshaco International Airport operated by Galmudug . Unlike Abdullahi Yusuf Airport , Oshaco International Airport does not have IATA and ICAO airport codes as it

988-459: The city. Galkayo consists of the following neighborhoods: Israac, Horumar, Garsoor and Wadajir. Awad Ahmed Ashareh Awad Ahmed Ashareh ( Somali : Cawaad Axmed Ashaareh , Arabic : عوض أحمد عشاره ) is a Somali politician. He is the Chairman of the federal Information, Public Awareness, Culture and Heritage Committee of Somalia . This article about a Somali politician

1026-492: The construction of a road in Puntland caused a skirmish which left 20 dead, 120 injured, and 90,000 displaced. Another conflict arose in October 2016 over construction rights in a disputed area of the city, which saw a ceasefire agreement meant to allow free transport of goods and people between the two administrations and establish a joint police force to protect the entire city. Galkayo is situated in north-central Somalia, in

1064-469: The country most proximate to Galkayo are Hobyo (217 km), Garowe (219 km) and Qardho (358 km). Shimbiris , the highest peak in Somalia, is located some 432 km to the north in the Cal Madow mountain range. Galkayo has a hot arid climate ( Köppen BWh ). Galkayo is situated in the north-central part of Somalia, and is one of the most developed towns in the region. The city

1102-558: The deal" and "will object [to] it until we throw it away". Observers have suggested that Mohamed's resignation could offer militants an opportunity to capitalize on the situation and set back the territorial gains made by his administration in the ongoing insurgency in southern Somalia. They have also opined that firing the Premier would not resolve the long-standing power struggle between President Sharif Ahmed and Parliament Speaker Sharif Hassan, but may inadvertently exacerbate and prolong it. Additionally, political analysts have suggested that

1140-418: The far south. In response, Prime Minister Formajo released a statement through the state-run Radio Mogadishu commending the armed forces for their rapid response and urging its troops to exercise restraint. He also appealed to the public to calm down, and indicated that "I have seen your expressions and heard your calls[...] You are part of the decision making — what you want must be heard." Additionally, in

1178-436: The feelings of this population", and that putting the issue before Parliament for approval is a more democratic course of action. On 11 June 2011, Prime Minister Mohamed released a statement indicating that the Kampala decision ought to be presented in Parliament for debate and appraised according to the laws stipulated in the national constitution. The Premier also stated that he would only step down if lawmakers voted to uphold

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1216-480: The gatherings to launch terrorist attacks. In an interview on 16 June 2011, Undersecretary for Foreign Affairs of Italy , Alfredo Mantica , expressed support for Prime Minister Mohamed's position with regard to the Kampala agreement. Mantica stated that the Italian government believed that the accord ought to be reviewed in Parliament. He also indicated that "the prime minister has been in office five months. And [it

1254-492: The government and NGOs line the streets, juxtaposed by the tall minarets of masjids . The city also offers numerous social services such as hospitals, petrol stops and police stations, with the former Somali Army barracks kept in good condition and renovated. Moreover, Galkayo is a hub of calligraphic art, serving as a training ground of sorts for local visual artists . Elaborate murals and phrases in Arabic and English adorn

1292-472: The growing influence of the Somali Youth League , a Somali nationalist political party. Following the independence of Somalia in 1960, Galkayo was made the center of Galkayo District and the capital of Mudug region. The city fell back into conflict during the rule of Siad Barre , who actively took advantage of class differences within the city to exercise his power. In particular, Barre,

1330-459: The heart of the Mudug region. Nearby settlements include to the east Godad (7.1 nm), to the northeast Bali busle (16.2 nm), to the north Halobooqad (4.4 nm), to the northwest Beyra (12.8 nm), to the west Xera Jaale-bayra (23.8 nm), to the southwest Saaxo (30 nm), to the south Laascadale (10.2 nm), and to the southeast Arfuda (13.0 nm). The largest cities in

1368-400: The standards of governance in the country. Abdiweli Mohamed Ali , Mohamed's former Minister of Planning and International Cooperation, was appointed as Acting Premier later the same day. A few days later, on 23 June 2011, Ali was named permanent prime minister. Prime Minister Mohamed's resignation was immediately met with anger by the general public and many lawmakers. Apprehension regarding

1406-551: The walls of the city's many office and shop buildings. In 2010, the Food and Agriculture Organization noted that population estimates for Galkayo ranged from 75,000 to 315,000, with a United Nations Development Programme estimate for 2005 being 105,000. The International Crisis Group gives a figure of 137,000 for 2015. The Puntland area of the city is composed predominately of the Omar Mahamud and Reer Mahamud sub-clans of

1444-503: Was "an example [of how] the country is managed by Uganda" and that "it is clear for the Somali people and the international community that [the] Kampala meeting [on] Somalia was aimed to coerce the Prime Minister Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed to step down". In addition, the spokesman suggested that Somalia's citizenry was aware of what was going on and that it did not recognize President Sharif Ahmed and

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