113-644: Kanak Vrindavan is a garden in Jaipur , the capital of Rajasthan . It is built in a valley surrounded by Aravali hills and is located on the way to the Amer Fort at the bottom of the Nahargarh hill . The place is approximately 8 kilometers north of the Jaipur city. The garden has many nearby tourist attractions such as the Amer fort Palace, Jaigarh fort and Nahargarh Fort along with lush greenery. The garden
226-774: A seating capacity 75,000. It would be the third-largest cricket stadium in the world after the Sardar Patel Stadium and the Melbourne Cricket Ground . The city is represented in the IPL by Rajasthan Royals (2008–2016; 2018–present) and in Pro Kabaddi League by Jaipur Pink Panthers . Paul McCartney wrote and recorded the Jaipur tribute song "Riding into Jaipur" (4:08) whose minimalist lyrics say: « riding to Jaipur, riding through
339-946: A "10+2" plan. This plan entails eight years of primary education and four years of secondary education. The secondary school includes two years of upper secondary education, which is more specific and diverse than the two years of lower secondary education before it. Languages of instruction include English and Hindi . Notable institutions in the city are: University of Rajasthan , Rajasthan University of Health Sciences , ARCH Academy of Design , Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Law University , Rajasthan Sanskrit University , Haridev Joshi University of Journalism and Mass Communication , Suresh Gyan Vihar University , Malaviya National Institute of Technology , LNM Institute of Information Technology , National Institute of Ayurveda , Sawai Man Singh Medical College , Subodh College and Vedic Kanya College . Admission to Engineering colleges in Jaipur, many of which are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University (Kota),
452-463: A Mughal noble. On 18 August 1665 Shivaji made a dramatic escape from Agra and both Jai Singh and his son Ram Singh fell out of Aurangzeb's favor. Jai Singh made several bad attempts at battle in the next one month and spent a lot of his personal resources trying to make his dream Bijapur invasion happen but failed. He was recalled to Agra and he died in 1667 in Burhanpur. His successor Ram Singh
565-488: A cloud burst, resulting in the death of eight people and much damage to the city's Dravyavati River . On 6 July 2019, the city was named to the World Heritage Cities list. Jaipur is located in the northeastern part of Rajasthan and covers a total area of 467 square kilometres (180 sq mi). The city is surrounded by fertile alluvial plains to the east and south and hill chains and desert areas to
678-591: A meeting with Mughal Emperor Akbar at Sanganer where they met in 1562. Here, Bharmal offered his daughter Jodha Bai's hand in marriage. The marriage took place in the same year in Sambhar . Bharmal's sons Bhagwant Das and Jagannath along with his grandson Man Singh were inducted into the Imperial court. The Kachhwaha princes in the Mughal court proved very vital because of their administrative and military skills and
791-439: A new capital city called Jaipur . He examined Indian traditions of architecture under the supervision of a Bengali Brahmin called Vidyadhar Bhattacharya. The city had streets and lanes that intersect each other at right angles and havelis, temples, gardens, civic buildings were built at pre-planned places. Much of this was completed by 1733. Sawai Jai Singh II died on 21 September 1743. His eldest son Ishvari Singh ascended to
904-592: A part of the west Golden triangle tourist circuit along with Delhi and Agra . The city serves as a gateway to other tourist destinations in Rajasthan like Jodhpur , Jaisalmer , Bikaner , Udaipur , Kota , Mount Abu and has two World heritage sites of Amer Fort and Jantar Mantar . On 6 July 2019, the city was named to the World Heritage Cities list. It is also known as Paris of India. Due to its beauty C.V. Raman called it "Island of Glory". Jaipur derives its name from Sawai Jai Singh II (1693-1744),
1017-405: A population of 3,073,350. The overall literacy rate for the city is 84.34%. The sex ratio was 898 females per 1,000 males and the child sex ratio was 854. The official language of Jaipur is Hindi and the additional official language is English. The native and main dialect of the city is Dhundari with Marwari and Standard Hindi dialects are also spoken, along with English. According to
1130-624: A rebellion in Mahaban and then sent to fight Nazr Muhammad in Kabul. Jai was also tasked with dealing with the rebellious Khan-i-Jahan in Ghatpur. In 1631, he was part of the campaign against Bijapur Sultanate . He commanded his forces and distinguished himself during the Siege of Parenda and Daulatabad in 1635. After the command of the army was handed to Prince Aurangzeb in 1636, Jai Singh also won
1243-622: A rebellious Usman Khan whom he defeated in 1601 in Sherpur followed by defeating Kedar Rai in Dacca. By 1604, Bengal was again completely under Mughal control. Towards the end of 1604, Akbar fell ill. Man Singh planned on placing his grandson Prince Khusrau on throne instead of his rebellious son Salim. He made several attempts like transferring Salim to Bengal, lobbying in the court, and trying to muster support but nothing worked. Eventually, disappointed, he left for Bengal and Akbar died in 1605 and
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#17327907594481356-459: A regional channel in addition to the private broadcasters. The main cricket stadium in the city, Sawai Mansingh Stadium , has a seating capacity of 30,000 and has hosted national and international cricket matches. It is also the home ground of IPL team Rajasthan Royals . Sawai Mansingh Indoor Stadium , Chaugan Stadium and Railway Cricket Ground are the other sporting arenas in the city. A new stadium has been proposed for Chonp Village with
1469-639: A single marble slab. Temple Garbha Griha is also placed inside the temple parisar (complex) and is decorated with delicate 'panni' work. These all season green gardens at the Valley offer a view of Jaipur and other nearby attractions mainly Amer Fort and the Dharbawati River . The scenery has been used a number of times in many Bollywood films, such as Lamhe (1991). Some nearby attractions include: Jaipur Jaipur ( / ˈ dʒ aɪ p ʊər / ; Hindi: [ˈdʒeəpʊr] )
1582-607: A small amount of monthly user charges. The size of the JMC garbage can be kept at a manageable level. Sanitation work in three zones have been contracted out to private agencies. As per the official records released by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (Rajasthan), the GDP (nominal) of Jaipur district is estimated at INR 1,22,140 crores ($ 15.8 billion) in 2020–21, with a per-capita GDP of INR 141,305. In addition to its role as
1695-596: A very influential person in India and he was looked upon by all major leaders including the Peshwa, Nizam and other fellow Rajputs. It is also believed that Jai Singh had enough influence on Ajit Singh's son Abhay Singh that in 1724, he instigated him to murder and take over as the Raja of Marwar which he did with the help of his brother Bakht Singh. Jai Singh was again stationed at Malwa in 1729 to repel Maratha raids but this time,
1808-553: A war of succession began. Initially, Muhammad Azam Shah was able to capture the throne. Jai Singh supported Azam Shah and his son Bidar Bakht but then Azam Shah was eventually defeated and killed at the Battle of Jajau in the same year. Prince Muazzam crowned himself as Bahadur Shah I and he was hostile against Jai Singh. This hostility resulted in Bahadur Shah replacing Jai Singh with Bijai Singh, his younger brother, loyal to
1921-621: Is Rajasthan's biggest convention and exhibition center. Visitor attractions include the Albert Hall Museum , Hawa Mahal , Jal Mahal , City Palace , Amer Fort , Jantar Mantar , Nahargarh Fort , Jaigarh Fort , Birla Mandir , Galtaji , Govind Dev Ji Temple , Garh Ganesh Temple , Moti Dungri Ganesh Temple, Sanghiji Jain temple and the Jaipur Zoo . The Jantar Mantar observatory, a collection of 19 astronomical instruments and Amer Fort are World Heritage Sites . Hawa Mahal
2034-440: Is a district and sessions court at Jaipur to handle civil and criminal cases. Jaipur consists of two parliamentary constituencies Jaipur and Jaipur Rural . The Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency comprises eight legislative assembly segments, all of which fall partly in Jaipur city. Jaipur Development Authority is the nodal government agency responsible for the planning and development of Jaipur. The municipal corporation
2147-498: Is a five-storey pyramidal shaped monument with 953 windows that rises 15 metres (50 ft) from its high base. Sisodiya Rani Bagh and Kanak Vrindavan are the major parks in Jaipur. Jaipur has many cultural sites like Jawahar Kala Kendra established by Charles Correa and Ravindra Manch. Government Central Museum hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a government museum at Hawa Mahal and an art gallery at Viratnagar . There are statues depicting Rajasthani culture around
2260-407: Is a project of Jaipur Development Authority to reduce increasing traffic of Jaipur city which connects NH-21 (Agra Road), NH-48 (Ajmer Road), NH-52 (Tonk Road), and NH-52 (Malpura Road) having a length of 150 km. The 57 km out of 150 km long six-lane Jaipur Ring Road has been completed at a cost of Rs. 1217 crore. Bhawani Singh Road, which begins from Nehru Sahkar Bhawan and ends at
2373-542: Is also famous for the Jaipur Literature Festival , the world's largest free literature festival in which authors, writers and literature lovers from all over the country participate. The city was planned according to the Indian Vastu shastra by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya in 1727. There are three gates facing east, west, and north. The eastern gate is called Suraj pol (sun gate), the western gate
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#17327907594482486-514: Is among top emerging IT hubs of India. Mahindra World City is an integrated business zone in Jaipur with several software and IT companies. The Government of Rajasthan have built Asia's largest incubator in Jaipur – the Bhamashah Techno Hub. Jaipur is a major hub for arts and crafts. It has many traditional shops selling antiques, jewellery, handicrafts, gems, bangles, pottery, carpets, textiles, leather and metal products. Jaipur
2599-550: Is broadcast both on the medium wave and FM band in the city. Private FM stations include Radio Mirchi (98.3 MHz), Radio City (91.1 MHz), My FM (94.3 MHz), FM Tadka 95 FM (95.0 MHz), Mirchi Love (104.0 MHz), Red FM 93.5 (93.5 MHz) and Gyan Vani (105.6 MHz). The city has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 (90.4 MHz) by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster Doordarshan ( Prasar Bharati ) provides
2712-510: Is called Chand pol (moon gate) and the northern gate faces the ancestral capital of Amer . The architecture of the city was heavily influenced by the 17th century architectural renaissance during Mughal rule in Northern India. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates. The city
2825-482: Is headed by a mayor. In 2020, JMC was bifurcated into two Municipal Corporations, namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation with 150 and 100 wards respectively. The latest elections were held in October 2020. The current mayor of Greater JMC is Somya Gurjar and the mayor for Heritage JMC is Munesh Gurjar since 10 November 2020. The administration duties are carried out by
2938-525: Is located in the southern suburb of Sanganer , which is located 13 km (8.1 mi) from Jaipur.It is the 13th busiest airport in India in daily scheduled flight operations. The airport handled 363,899 international and 2,540,451 domestic passengers in 2015–2016. Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services. During winter, sometimes flights towards Indira Gandhi International Airport are diverted to Jaipur Airport due to heavy fog in Delhi . The airport
3051-486: Is one of India's largest manufacturers of hand-knotted rugs . Jaipur foot , a rubber-based prosthetic leg for people with below-knee amputations , was designed and is produced in Jaipur. World Trade Park Jaipur , is a shopping mall in Jaipur opened in 2012. Jaipur is a major tourist destination in India forming a part of the Golden Triangle . In the 2008 Conde Nast Traveller Readers Choice Survey, Jaipur
3164-523: Is one of the three gharanas of the major north Indian classical dance form of Kathak. The Jaipur Gharana of Kathak is known for its rapid intricate dance forms, vivacious body movements and subtle Abhinaya. The Ghoomar is a popular folk dance style. Tamasha is an art form where Kathputli puppet dance is shown in play form. Major festivals celebrated in Jaipur include Elephant Festival , Gangaur , Makar Sankranti , Holi , Diwali , Vijayadashami , Teej , Eid , Mahavir Jayanti and Christmas . Jaipur
3277-1006: Is operational between Mansarovar and Chandpole consisting of nine stations namely Mansarovar, New Aatish Market, Vivek Vihar, Shyam Nagar, Ram Nagar, Civil Line, Railway Station, Sindhi Camp and Chandpole. The Phase-1B was constructed with an estimated cost of ₹ 97.32 billion ($ 1.74 billion). It became operational on 23 September 2020. Jaipur is located on National Highway No.48 connecting Delhi and Mumbai . National Highway 52 links Jaipur with Kota and National Highway 21 links Jaipur with Agra . RSRTC operates bus service to major cities in Rajasthan and other states of New Delhi , Uttar Pradesh , Haryana , Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra , Punjab and Gujarat . City buses are operated by Jaipur City Transport Services Limited (JCTSL) of RSRTC . The service operates more than 400 regular and low-floor buses. Major bus depots are located at Vaishali Nagar , Vidyadhar Nagar and Sanganer . Jaipur BRTS
3390-634: Is over 625 millimetres or 25 inches, falling mostly in July and August due to the southwest monsoon, causing the average temperatures in these two months to be lower compared to drier May and June. During the monsoon, there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The highest temperature ever recorded was 49.0 °C (120.2 °F), on 23 May 1994. The city's average temperature remains below 20 °C or 68 °F between December and February. These months are mild, dry, and pleasant, sometimes chilly. The lowest temperature ever recorded
3503-650: Is referred as such in the Prithviraj Raso . Pajjun's successor Malesi consolidated power in Dhundar by marrying into neighboring regions and also may have defeated the ruler of Mandu in the battle of Rutroli. Udaikaran ascended to the throne in 1367. He defeated the Khyam-Khanis to secure Dhundar as a Kachhwaha territory. Under Rai Chandrasen in the 15th century, Kachhwahas were defeated by Kumbha of Mewar and he extracted tribute from Dhundar. Chandrasen
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3616-461: Is responsible for maintaining the city's civic infrastructure and carrying out associated administrative duties. Electricity is distributed through Jaipur Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (JVVNL) owned by the Government of Rajasthan. Jaipur municipal corporaiton has a fire department wing with 11 fire stations and 50 fire tenders. Established in 2018, Jaipur Water Supply and Sewerage Board (JWSSB)
3729-824: Is responsible for the management of water supply and sewerage services in the city. The agency is responsible for water supply as per the standards stipulated by the Bureau of Indian Standards, the State Pollution Control Board and the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED). It will also be responsible for financing, designing, constructing, altering, repairing, operating, and maintaining various water supply and sewerage schemes in addition to commercial services such as meter reading, billing, and revenue collection. The city has been divided into four main drainage zones with
3842-643: Is surrounded by the Aravalli hills and often said to resemble the Vrindavan; the place where Lord Krishna enjoyed the Maharaas with Gopis. The Kanak Vrindavan Valley was built for the entertainment and recreation of Maharani and the Maharaja. According to some people the Maharaja planned for an Ashvamedha Yagna and arranged waters from sacred rivers to collect here. A Lord Krishna Temple named Govind Deoji
3955-494: Is the capital and the largest city of the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan . As of 2011 , the city has a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Located 268 km (167 miles) from the national capital New Delhi , Jaipur is also known as the Pink City due to the dominant color scheme of its buildings in old city. Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Sawai Jai Singh II ,
4068-440: Is through Rajasthan Engineering Admission Process. Some of the colleges that are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University are Maharishi Arvind Institute of Engineering & Technology , Poornima College of Engineering , Arya Group of Colleges . Major telecommunication providers include Airtel , Jio , VI (Vodafone-Idea) and BSNL which are providing mobile telephony and there are also various internet service providers in
4181-401: Is unusual among pre-modern Indian cities in the regularity of its streets, and the division of the city into six sectors by broad streets 34 m (111 ft) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five-quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses
4294-488: The Battle of Bagru and was able to defeat Ishwari Singh but Ishwari remained on throne. Malhar Rao again laid siege to Jaipur in 1750, and Ishwari did not have enough force to defend so he consumed poison and killed himself leaving his throne for his brother Madho Singh. After the civil war, Sawai Madho Singh was unable to repay the Marathas who frequently raided Jaipur from 1751 to 1759 and extracted ransom money, hurting
4407-455: The Battle of Gangwana and suffered immense losses in the war. He never recovered from this battle and died 2 years later. Sawai Jai Singh II was a great patron of Science, Mathematics, Scholarship, Art, Architecture and Literature. Well acquainted with Indian and Greek mathematics, Jai Singh was aware of contemporary developments in Europe in the field of mathematics. He also made contacts with
4520-413: The Battle of Lalsot. He again invaded and defeated Jaipur army at the Battle of Patan in 1790. Throughout the 1790s, the Marathas extracted a lot of tribute from Dhundar worsening its financial situation. In 1799, Maratha commander Vaman Rao and an Irish Commander George Thomas who faced Pratap Singh at the Battle of Fatehpur in 1799. The Rao-Thomas alliance faced difficulty and were advised by
4633-660: The Govind Dev Ji Temple in Brindavan and renovated the Sarovar Ghat in Varanasi and built several temples there. Bhau Singh was sent on a campaign against Malik Ambar but failed because Ambar's army was much more efficient. He died in 1621 and had no heirs, so he was succeeded by Maha Singh's son Jai Singh . After ascending to the throne of Amber at the age of 11, his first task was to defend against
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4746-670: The Hawa Mahal palace complex, formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort , which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city. Typical dishes include Dal Baati Churma , Missi Roti , Gatte ki Sabzi, Lahsun ki chutney, Ker Sangri, Makke ki Ghat, Bajre ki Ghat, Bajre ki Roti and Laal Maans. Jaipur is also known for its sweets which include Ghevar , Feeni, Mawa Kachori, Gajak, Meethi thuli, Chauguni ke laddu, and Moong Thal. Jaipur International Airport
4859-646: The Jagannath temple at Puri . In 1591, after the death of Isa Khan, the Afghan chiefs rebelled again and Man Singh invaded again and beat them conclusively. Man Singh was soon transferred to Bengal in 1594 where he first shifted his capital to Rajmahal from Tandah . He subdued ruler of Dacca and Cooch Bihar. While in Bengal, Man Singh's eldest son, Jagat Singh died due to excessive drinking, after which he returned to Amber temporarily but soon had to return to deal with
4972-550: The Kachhwaha Rajput ruler of Amer , after whom the city is named. It is one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya . During the British colonial period , the city served as the capital of Jaipur State . After Indian independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan in 1949. Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in India , forming
5085-662: The Kingdom of Jaipur or the Jaipur State , was located in the north-eastern historic Dhundhar region of Rajputana and was ruled by the Kachwaha Rajput clan. It was established by Dulha Rai , possibly the last ruler of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty of Gwalior who migrated to Dausa and started his kingdom there with the support of Chahamanas of Shakambhari with coalition of Gaur dynasty of sheopur in
5198-623: The Sayyid Brothers in the Mughal court. Jai Singh was appointed as the Subedar of Malwa in 1713 just in time to face and repel Maratha incursions in 1715. He was trusted with the task of dealing with the Jat chief Churaman who was besieged at Thun. He used his influence over the Sayyid brothers to negotiate a peace deal. In 1719, Farrukhsiyar was murdered by Sayyid brothers and Ajit Singh and
5311-551: The Third Anglo-Maratha War Jagat Singh decided to enter the subsidiary alliance with the British under which it was decided that Sawai Jagat Singh died 9 months after the signing of this treaty and left no heir. A faction of nobles in the court tried to place Mohan Singh, the son of the chief of Narwar on the throne but the widow of Jagat Singh declared that she was pregnant with the heir which
5424-434: The municipal commissioner and his group of officials. The estimated municipal budget for the year 2022–23 is ₹ 8,950 lakh (US$ 11 million). The key revenue sources for the corporation are taxes which include House tax , Urban Development tax and octroi compensation along with various fees and user charges. Law and order is maintained by Jaipur city police under the jurisdiction of the Rajasthan state department. There
5537-597: The 12th century. Mostly through 12th to 15th century, the kingdom faced stagnation, sources were scarce. Under its ruler, Raja Chandrasen of Amber became a Sisodia vassal and fought in the Battle of Khanwa under Raja Prithviraj Kachhwaha . Under Raja Bharmal , the kingdom heavily aligned with the Mughals and he even married his daughter to Akbar . His son and grandson Raja Bhagwant Das and Raja Man Singh I were leading generals in Akbar's army and helped him in expanding
5650-402: The 2011 census, Hindus form the majority religious group accounting for 77.9% of the city's population, followed by Muslims (18.6%), Jains (2.4%) and others (1.1%). Jaipur Development Authority is the main planning authority of the city. Jaipur Municipal Corporation (JMC) was established in the year 1994. The area of the municipal corporation is 467 km (180 sq mi) and
5763-589: The Deccan with Prince Bidar Bakht . Jai's forces demonstrated talent by defeating the Marathas at Khelna, Khandesh, Malwa and Burhanpur. Through these victories, Jai Singh II rebuilt the lost trust of Aurangzeb for the Kachhwaha family. He was conferred with the title Sawai by Aurangzeb. In 1705, he was appointed the Naib Subedar of Malwa which helped increase his power. In 1707, Emperor Aurangzeb died and
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#17327907594485876-402: The Deccan, which Bishan declined and was instead transferred to Afghanistan and his son Jai was ordered to fight instead. Bishan Singh died in 1700 and was succeeded by his son Sawai Jai Singh . Bishan Singh was succeeded by his son Jai Singh II also known as Sawai Jai Singh. During his rule, the new capital city of Jaipur was founded in 1727. As the new ruler of Dhundar, he was sent to
5989-477: The Kachhwahas rose in prominence. Jodha Bai, now named Mariam-uz-Zamani also gained prestige in the Mughal court both during the reign of her husband and that of her son as Empress and Queen mother respectively. Bharmal died in 1574 and was succeeded by his son Raja Bhagwant Das , a trusted ally of Akbar. Bhagwant Das was an exceptional military general and he accompanied Akbar throughout his expansion of
6102-538: The Maratha force under Malhar Rao Holkar and Ranoji Scindia was much more powerful and Jai Singh II was defeated at the Battle of Mandsaur in 1732 after which he had to pay Chauth from 28 parganas . In 1734, Jai Singh tried to put forward a pact at Hurda for mutual cooperation against the Marathas but nothing came out of it and it was never enforced. Marathas raided Rajputana, this time striking close to Jaipur, eventually obtaining even larger amounts of tribute in
6215-605: The Mughal Empire across Rajasthan, Gujarat, Kashmir and the Punjab. In order to strengthen the ties with Mughals, he married his daughter Manbhavati Bai to Akbar's son Prince Salim . Bhagwant Das headed the Kashmir expedition of Akbar where in 1586, he defeated Yousuf Shah Chak and captured Kashmir. Das was appointed the subedar of Punjab in 1583 where he died in 1589. Bhagwant was succeeded by his son Man Singh I who
6328-452: The Mughal emperor. In 1708, Bahadur Shah invaded Marwar and captured the entire state. This encouraged the major Rajput kingdoms, the Mewar , Marwar and Dhundar to form an alliance to fight against Bahadur Shah. Raja Ajit Singh of Marwar , Rana Amar Singh II of Mewar and Jai Singh II together left the Mughal camp in rebellion. To establish Matrimonial alliance, Jai married Chandra Kanwar,
6441-513: The Narwar branch of this dynasty. V. S. Bhargava associates Dulha with the successor of the last ruler of the Narwar branch, Tejaskaran . According to Jadunath Sarkar , Dulha's grandfather Ishwar Singh, the ruler of Narwar, renounced his throne and divided his estate among his younger brother and his nephew and travelled North of Chambal to live a life of religious recluse. After his death, his son Sodo crowned himself king again but soon died and
6554-535: The Portuguese king Emmanuel in 1727 comparing Portuguese astronomical observations with Indian and pointing out that Indian versions were better. He made several instruments to make astronomical observations including small brass instruments to 24-meter stone structures and observatories called Jantar Mantar . Two Jatar-Mantars still exist in usable state, one in Delhi, one in Jaipur. In 1727, He planned and founded
6667-459: The Rajputs and accepted Ajit and Jai Singh as the rulers of their lands. Bijai Singh was executed in 1729 for conspiring to overthrow Jai Singh. After Bahadur Shah's death in 1712 and Jahandar Shah's overthrowing in 1713 and subsequent crowning of Emperor Farukhsiyar , Jai Singh regained his stature in the Mughal court and became an influential entity but he could never become as paramount as
6780-440: The avenues still remain painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet Pink city . In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and had a population of 160,000 in 1900. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and marble , fostered by a school of art founded in 1868. In August 1981, large areas of the city including the airport were flooded due to heavy rains from
6893-752: The battlefield of Khanwa in 1527. Rana Sanga was poisoned by his nobles two months after the battle for insisting to continue fighting a lost war and Prithviraj died in November of the same year. V. S. Bhatnagar suggests that the death of Prithviraj may have been similar to Sanga's as his multiple nobles readily joined the Mughals soon after his death. He was succeeded by his preferred son Puranmal , son of his favorite wife. Eventually, Humayun assisted Puranmal achieve stability. Puranmal could only rule for 7 years. According to conflicting sources, he either died fighting for or against Humayu's brother Hindal Mirza or
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#17327907594487006-722: The city. Jaipur has many traditional shops selling antiques and handicrafts, as well as contemporary brands reviving traditional techniques, such as Anokhi . The prior rulers of Jaipur patronised a number of arts and crafts. They invited skilled artisans, artists and craftsmen from India and abroad who settled in the city. Some of the crafts include bandhani , block printing , stone carving and sculpture , tarkashi , zari , gota-patti , kinari and zardozi , silver jewellery, gems , kundan , meenakari and jewellery , Lakh ki Chudiya , miniature paintings , blue pottery , ivory carving , shellac work and leather ware . Jaipur has its own performing arts. The Jaipur Gharana for Kathak
7119-482: The city. The government of Rajasthan has started free WiFi at various public places like Central Park, Jantar Mantar among others. Rajasthan's first ISP Data Ingenious Global Limited still providing large number of broadband customers and email services in entire Jaipur. Major daily newspapers in Jaipur include Amar Ujala , Rajasthan Patrika , Dainik Bhaskar , Indian Express , Dainik Navajyoti and The Times of India . The state-owned All India Radio
7232-447: The commander of Daulat Rao Sindhia , General Pierre Perron to retreat. Next year, Daulat Rao and General Perron defeated Pratap Singh at the Battle of Malpura . Sawai Pratap Singh died in 1803 leaving the throne to his son Sawai Jagat Singh . Jagat Singh had been chosen as the fiancé of Krishna Kumari , the princess of Mewar after Bhim Singh of Marwar died in 1803 but Bhim's successor Man Singh of Marwar insisted that he must be
7345-411: The daughter of Amar Singh II and Suraj Kanwar, the daughter of Ajit Singh. The three rulers marched together towards Jodhpur and took its control and by October 1708, Amber had also been taken over and Jai Singh restored as the Raja. The same year, the alliance marched against the Mughals at Sambhar and captured it which was then jointly ruled. Eventually, in 1710, Bahadur Shah decided to make peace with
7458-470: The empire. Mirza Raja Jai Singh I served under Shah Jahan and became a distinguished general. He fell out of Aurangzeb's favor when he was suspected of helping Shivaji escape from Mughal captivity in 1664. Sawai Jai Singh II became the ruler during the decline of the Mughal Empire . He successfully rebelled against the Mughals in 1708 to regain his confiscated kingdom. After Jai Singh's death,
7571-662: The end of the 18th century, the Jats of Bharatpur and the Kachwaha chief of Alwar declared themselves independent from Jaipur and each annexed the eastern portion of Jaipur's territory. Nevertheless, enough wealth remained in Jaipur for the patronage of fine temples/palaces, continuity of its courtly traditions and the well-being of its citizens and merchant communities. The Jaipur rulers also made large scale punya-udik (charitable) grants to many Charans , Brahmans , Bhats (bards) and various Vaishnavite institutions. A treaty
7684-510: The existing Jaipur railway station building was laid on 4 May 1956 by Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II of Jaipur and construction took three years to complete. The station harnesses solar energy technology to power its operations. Jaipur is the headquarters of Jaipur Railway division and North Western Railway Zone of Indian Railways. Jaipur Junction is the busiest station in Rajasthan with more than 45,000 passengers daily. Jaipur Metro commenced commercial operation on 3 June 2015. Construction on
7797-461: The financial situation of Dhundhar. Raghunath Rao , Jankoji Rao Scindia and Malhar Rao Holkar invaded Jaipur several times, extracting lakhs of rupees in Chauth. Madho tried to invade Kota in 1761 but was defeated at the battle of Bhatwara. He tried to invade Bharatpur in 1767 but died in 1768 succeeded by his 5 year-old son Sawai Prithvi Singh who died because of falling from a horse in 1778 and
7910-626: The form of chauth. In 1736, Jai Singh met Peshwa Baji Rao I at Bhambhola where he tried to convince him to sustain Muhammad Shah rule as a nominal head and take over the administration which appealed to the Peshwa but this was made unrealistic after Nader Shah's sack of Delhi in 1740. In 1740, Jai Singh ousted Rao Budh Singh from Bundi and crowned Dalel Singh and placed Zorawar Singh in Bikaner and made Abhay Singh make peace with Bikaner. In 1741, Jai Singh fought Bakht Singh of Marwar in
8023-527: The fort of Nagpur and Devgarh in 1637. In 1639, because of his display of immense valor, he was bestowed upon, the unique title of Mirza Raja by Shah Jahan. In 1654, he was sent to Chittor to confront Maharana Raj Singh for violating the 1616 treaty by carrying out repairs to the Chittorgarh . When the war of succession of 1657 broke out, Jai Singh was deputed to convince Prince Shuja to end his rebellion but failed. He later defeated Shuja in Bahadurpur in 1658. Later, Shuja surrendered to Dara Shikoh and
8136-456: The growing population and increasing scarcity of water. Jai Singh consulted with several architects while planning the layout of Jaipur and established the city on the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya . The construction of the city began in 1726. During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh II , the city was painted pink to welcome Albert Edward, Prince of Wales in 1876. Many of
8249-458: The husband of Krishna Kumari. Soon, Jagat Singh, with the support of Pindari chief Amir Khan faced Man Singh at the battle of Gingoli. Marwar was defeated and Mehrangarh was besieged. Shortly afterwards, Amir Khan changed sides and allied with Man Singh. Krishna Kumari was eventually poisoned to put an end to the conflict. From 1807 to 1813, Amir Khan, backed by Yashwantrao Holkar raided Jaipur and extracted lakhs of rupees in chauth. Towards
8362-551: The independent India in 1947 and was integrated into India by 1949. Upon integration, the ruler was granted a pension ( privy purse ), certain privileges, and the use of the title " Maharaja of Jaipur" by the Government of India . However, the pension, privileges, and the use of the title were ended in 1971 by the 26th Amendment to the Constitution of India . The Kachwaha Rajputs claim descent from Kusha , son of
8475-644: The intersection where Birla Mandir is situated and hosts notable places like Rambagh Palace , Golf Club and Jaipur Development Authority Office falling on its path. The city had three colleges, including a Sanskrit college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) opened during the reign of the Maharaja Ram Singh II. Public and private schools in Jaipur are governed by the Central Board of Secondary Education or Board of Secondary Education, Rajasthan , International Board of education and follow
8588-722: The kingdom was drained of its resources during the civil war amongst his sons Ishwari Singh and Madho Singh I and the Marathas caused the Kingdom to fall into economic downturn. It became a Princely State under the English East India Company rule after signing a treaty creating a subsidiary alliance with the Company in the year 1818, after the Third Anglo-Maratha War . It acceded to
8701-503: The legendary Rama . Their ancestors allegedly migrated from Rama's kingdom of Kosala and established a new dynasty at Gwalior . After 33 generations, they migrated to Rajputana in 1128 AD. Some historians associate Dulha Rao , the founder of the Jaipur Kachhwaha lineage, with the Kachchhapaghata dynasty that ruled over a part of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in 10th century. It is possible that Dulha Rao descended from
8814-570: The maharaja, consecrated an idol of Sri Krishna in a temple in the Kanak Vrindavan valley called the Shri Govind Deoji Parisar . The garden consists of a temple, a series of fountains and intricate marble decorations. It is managed by the Government of Rajasthan . The Kanak Vrindavan Valley Complex was built approximately 275 years ago by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh of Jaipur. This beautiful, greenery filled valley
8927-557: The mostly elevated part of the first line, called Phase 1A, comprising 9.63 kilometres (5.98 mi) of route from Mansarovar to Chandpole Bazaar, started in November 2010, and was completed in 2014. The Jaipur Metro began commercial service between Chandpole and Mansarovar on 3 June 2015. The Jaipur Metro Rail system is India's sixth metro rail system . The Jaipur Metro is the first metro in India to run on triple-storey elevated road and metro track. Phase 1-B, from Chandpole to Badi Chaupar , began operation on 23 September 2020. Phase-1A
9040-467: The night, riding with my baby, oh what a delight, oh what a delight, it is. » The song was released on his 2001 studio album Driving Rain . Jaipur is the setting for the film The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel and its sequel, The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel , which follow the adventures of a group of senior European ex-pats who retire to Jaipur and in the process discover their true selves. Jaipur State The Kingdom of Amber , later
9153-463: The north and west. Jaipur generally slopes downwards from north to south and then to the southeast. The city is surrounded by the Nahargarh hills in the north and Jhalana in the east, which is a part of the Aravalli range . The Dravyavati River is the primary drainage channel, which by 2014 had degenerated into an untreated sewage nallah . To address this issue, a plan for the rejuvenation of
9266-793: The northern and central zones draining into the Dravyavati river while the western zone drains into the Chandler lake and the eastern and southern areas combined drain into the Dhundh River. Sewerage systems and STPs have been constructed accordingly with the installed capacity being 730 km of sewer lines and 442 MLD of sewage treatment. The corporation has a solid waste management system that includes door-to-door collection, transportation of garbage in covered vehicles, proper deployment of dustbins, use of modern equipment. The system ensures private investment as well as public participation with
9379-686: The provincial capital, educational, and administrative center, the economy of Jaipur is fueled by tourism, gemstone cutting, the manufacture of jewellery and luxury textiles, and information technology. Three major trade promotion organizations have their offices in Jaipur: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry, (FICCI) the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) which has its regional offices here. In 2008, Jaipur
9492-472: The rebellious Prince Khurram . Khurram looted Amber in 1623 but was defeated by Jai in 1624. After Jahangir's death in 1627, instead of joining Noor Jahan's son Shahryar , Jai supported Khurram who went on to become Shah Jahan . Soon, Jai Singh would become one of the most decorated generals of the Mughal Imperial army and received many decorations from Shah Jahan. Jai was first deputed to suppress
9605-441: The river was developed by Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) in 2015. A 13 km (8.1 mi) stretch of Dravyavati riverfront out of 47.5 km (29.5 mi) was opened after rejuvenation in 2018 and the remaining project was completed in 2022. Jaipur has a monsoon-influenced hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification BSh ) with long, extremely hot summers and short, mild to warm winters. Annual precipitation
9718-512: The ruler of Amer , who founded the city in 1727. In Sanskrit , variations of the word "pur" or "pura" are commonly used to refer to a city or town with "Jaipur" essentially meaning "The City of Jai" or "Jai's City," paying homage to Maharaja Jai Singh II, who established the city. Jaipur was founded by Rajput chief of Kachhwaha clan Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727, who ruled the region from 1699 to 1743. He planned to shift his capital from Amber, 11 kilometres (7 mi) to Jaipur to accommodate
9831-647: The throne due to the right of primogeniture and was supported by the Mughals and the Marathas. His position was disputed by his younger brother Madho Singh who claimed that his grandfather Rana Amar Singh II was promised in 1708 that the son through his daughter Chandra Kanwar would inherit the throne regardless of primogeniture rules. Madho Singh's cousin Rana Jagat Singh II immediately presented his support for Madho. The Maharana invited Kota’s Rao Durjansal and Umaid Singh of Bundi against Ishwari Singh. Both sides were about to face each other in battle but
9944-498: The war was prevented by Madho accepting Toda and Tonk along with some other parganas in grant. The Maharana tried to lay siege to Jaipur but Ishwari Singh was able to get the Marathas to repel them. Eventually the Maharana was able to win the support of Malhar Rao Holkar and the forces met at Battle of Rajmahal in 1747 in which Madho Singh and his commanders had to retreat and were forced to pay tribute. Madho Singh tried again at
10057-402: Was able to convince Aurangzeb to meet Shivaji and vice-versa, after which he took Shivaji to Agra to meet the Mughal emperor. When Shivaji reached the Mughal court, he felt insulted and walked out of the hall without meeting Aurangzeb. While Jai tried to convince Aurangzeb to utilize Shivaji against Bijapur, several influential Mughal nobles wanted him killed. In a dilemma, Shivaji was housed with
10170-849: Was able to force Pratap to retreat and killed several of his commanders. Pratap had to retreat back to the hills of Gogunda and the battle was won by the Mughals. In 1580, the Islamic orthodoxy of the Mughal empire, upset with Akbar's liberal policies, declared Akbar's step brother Mirza Muhammad Hakim as the emperor instead. Man Singh was deputed in the North-Western section of the Mughal Empire under his father. Man Singh defeated Shadman Khan at Neelab in December 1580. Soon, Hakim himself marched to Punjab and laid siege to Lahore but later retreated. Man Singh followed and defeated him in 1581. Eventually, Hakim swore allegiance to Akbar once again and he
10283-470: Was also built around the same time. The Kanak Vrindavan Garden is located in the valley of the Nahargarh hills. It is full of trees and lawns, decorated with intricate 'chhatris', mirrors and 'jali' work on the walls of the Govind Deoji temple, along with a support of a series of fountains. The main garden is divided into eight sections, and is having a main fountain called 'Parikrama', carved out of
10396-520: Was an instrumental part of the Mughal Army and diplomacy. He took part in Akbar's conquest of Chittor in 1568 and Ranthambhore in 1569. He was the part of negotiations with Mewar which failed, resulting in the Battle of Haldighati . Man Singh was also given the command of the Mughal forces in Haldighati where he fought against Pratap Singh on 18 June 1576. In the ensuing battle, Man Singh
10509-576: Was approved by the government in August 2006. Jaipur BRTS is managed by JCSTL, a special purpose vehicle formed by Jaipur Development Authority and Jaipur Nagar Nigam. In Phase I, two corridors have been proposed: a "North-South Corridor" from Sikar Road to Tonk Road and an "East-West Corridor" from Ajmer Road to Delhi Road. A section of the North-South Corridor from bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010. Jaipur Ring Road
10622-540: Was betrayed and turned in with Jai Singh who brought him back to Agra. In 1664, Jai Singh was sent to command the campaign against Shivaji . In 1665, Jai Singh laid siege to Purandar fort and was able to get Shivaji to sign the Treaty of Purandar according to which Shivaji would surrender 23 forts, send his son Sambhaji to Mughal court and enter Mughal service. Jai wanted to utilize Shivaji's forces against Bijapur and wanted Shivaji to make peace with Aurangzeb. Jai Singh
10735-482: Was coined by Kachchwaha Rajput Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh of Jaipur , approximately 275 years ago, at the time when the complex was built. It includes the term ' Vrindavan ' as the garden resembles the descriptions of the place, where God Sri Krishna had performed MahaRaas near Mathura, and word Kanak came from Maharaja's one of the Maharani Kanakde. This garden is compared to the valley of Vrindavan and
10848-508: Was given the charge of Bengal. Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar was defeated by Prince Aurangzeb and Murad in 1658 and they marched towards Agra. Jai Singh could not reach Agra in time and Dara Shikoh was defeated in the Battle of Samugarh . Soon, Jai Singh presented himself in front of the new emperor Aurangzeb and was tasked with capturing Dara Shikoh. He defeated Shikoh in the Battle of Deorai in 1659. Dara sought refuge under Malik Jeevan but he
10961-609: Was granted the captured land by the Chauhans. Dulha chose Khoh as his capital after Dausa. Dulha's successor, Kakil captured Amber from the Meenas and laid foundation of the future capital. But some sources attribute the change of capital from Khoh to Ambar to Rajdeo who was the third in succession after Pajawan . The early rulers of Dhundar may have been feudatories of the Chahamanas of Shakambhari as its ruler Pajjun
11074-420: Was granted the status of international airport on 29 December 2005. The airport's apron can accommodate 14 aircraft, and the new integrated terminal building can handle up to 1,000 passengers at peak hours. Jaipur Junction railway station was built in 1875 and is situated at the centre of Rajasthan. Serving almost 35,000 passengers daily, Jaipur Junction is the busiest station in Rajasthan. The cornerstone of
11187-691: Was incompetent and was not able to control the actions of his uncles. Ratan Singh was poisoned by his half-brother Askaran but he was quickly deposed by the nobles who placed Bharmal on the throne. Bharmal had to initially deal with Sur general Haji Khan Pathan but was able to make peace with him. Soon, governor of Mewat, Mirza Muhammad Sharif-ud-din Hussain, who supported the cause of the son of Puranmal, Suja attacked Amber in 1558. Bharmal surrendered to Sharif-ud-din and also had to give up his son and nephews as hostages. Feeling insecure after Sharif-ud-din's treaty, Bharmal, through his brother Rupsi , arranged
11300-505: Was initially made by Maharaja Sawai Jagat Singh and the British under Governor General Marquis Wellesley in 1803, however the treaty was dissolved shortly afterwards by Wellesley's successor, Lord Cornwallis . In this event, Jaipur's Ambassador to Lord Lake observed that "This was the first time, since the English government was established in India, that it had been known to make its faith subservient to its convenience". In 1818, after
11413-693: Was later confirmed. Sawai Jai Singh III was born in 1819 and was recognized as the Raja. The Financial condition of Jaipur worsened after Prime Minister Nazir Mohan Ram was ousted by the queen mother and eventually the troops of Jaipur started demanding pay and British had to militarily intervene. Most of Jai Singh III's reign was spent in court rivalries and instability of the state and in 1833, Queen-mother died and in 1835 Jai III also died. Soon rumors spread that Prime Minister Jhutaram had poisoned Jai Singh III to ensure more power for themselves. The British had to intervene again. An Infant Sawai Ram Singh II succeeded Jai III. Another misunderstanding started
11526-511: Was over and he was deployed in the Subah of Bihar. In Bihar, Man Singh first defeated several rebellious rulers like Puranmal followed by the Raja of Khadagpur and the Raja of Gaya and Sabhupuri in 1590. Next, Man Singh was sent to capture Orissa which was under the control of Afghan chief Qutlu Khan and his son Nasir Khan. After Qutlu Khan's death, Nasir Khan who decided to make peace with Man Singh and accepted Mughal supremacy. Man Singh acquired
11639-425: Was overthrown by his brother Bhim Singh . Bhim Singh was quickly succeeded by his son Ratan Singh in 1537. During his reign, Sher Shah Suri invaded Rajputana and established control over Mewar and Marwar. Ratan Singh also accepted Suri suzerainty. During his reign, his uncle and son of Prithviraj, Sanga captured a part of territory and called it Sanganer where he was succeeded by his brother Bharmal . Ratan Singh
11752-506: Was pardoned and was sent to fight Ahom force. Ram Singh was eventually defeated in the Battle of Saraighat . Ram Singh grew sick of war and finally, in 1676 he was allowed to leave and return to his province. He was later posted in Kohat where he died in 1688. His grandson Bishan Singh was tasked with controlling the Jat revolt at Mathura in which he succeeded. Around this time, Aurangzeb grew hostile towards Bishan and ordered him to fight in
11865-510: Was ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities. Jaipur Stock Exchange was one of the regional stock exchanges in India and was founded in 1989 but was closed in March 2015. Jaipur has emerged as a hub of automotive industries with JCB , Hero MotoCorp and Robert Bosch GmbH having their manufacturing plants in Jaipur. There are chemical manufacturers in the city including Emami and National Engineering Industries . The city
11978-631: Was ranked the seventh best place to visit in Asia. According to TripAdvisor's 2015 Traveller's Choice Awards, Jaipur was ranked first among the Indian destinations for the year. The Presidential Suite at the Raj Palace Hotel , billed at US$ 45,000 per night, was listed in second place on CNN's World's 15 most expensive hotel suites in 2012. Jaipur was ranked eighth in "The Top 15 Cities in Asia". Jaipur Exhibition & Convention Centre (JECC)
12091-551: Was reappointed the Governor of Kabul. Hakim held this position till 1585 when he died. Soon after Hakim's death, the Yusufzai tribe of Afghanistan rebelled against the Mughals and launched attacks against Mughals stationed in the region. One of the attacks ended up killing Raja Birbal with 8000 Mughal troops. Man Singh along with Raja Todar Mal were sent to defeat the Yusufzai's in 1586. By 1587, Man Singh's service in Kabul
12204-615: Was replaced by Rafi-ud-Darjat and Rafi-ud-Daulah in quick successions and eventually settled for Roshan Akhtar who became Emperor Muhammad Shah . Till 1720, Muhammad Shah got rid of the Sayyid brothers and Ajit Singh fell out of this favor, making Jai Singh even more powerful. In 1722, Jai Singh was recalled to deal with Churaman. Jai Singh again laid siege to the fort of Thun and by 1722, Churaman committed suicide, his nephew Badan Singh accepted Mughal dominance and his son Mokham sought refuge in Mewar. By this time, Sawai Jai Singh II had become
12317-481: Was succeeded by Prithviraj Singh in 1503. Rima Hooja explains that the relation between Prithviraj and Sanga was not exactly a feudal-chief relation in modern understanding but closer to a junior ally. Prithviraj joined the Rajput Confederacy of 1527 led by Rana Sanga against Babur and fought in the Battle of Khanwa in which they were defeated. He, along with Maldeo Rathore , rescued Rana Sanga from
12430-456: Was succeeded by Salim as Emperor Jahangir . Jahangir treated Man Singh well and also included him in the Deccan frontier. But after 1605, Man Singh could not lead any glorious ventures and died in Elichpur in 1614 and was succeeded by his only surviving son Bhau Singh overlooking a grandson Maha Singh. Man Singh was a great builder and built several forts and temples across India. He built
12543-500: Was succeeded by his 13 year-old brother Sawai Pratap Singh . During this time, a senior noble of the Kachhwaha court, Pratap Singh Naruka supported the rival claim of Prithvi Singh's son Man Singh and also invited Mahadaji Shinde to attack Jaipur. Marwar and Dhundar joined hands to face Mahadji at the Battle of Tunga in 1784 in which they had a win with small margins. In 1787, Mahadji Scindia and his force led by General Benoît de Boigne invaded Jaipur but had to retreat after failure at
12656-635: Was succeeded by his son Dulha who built support for his cause and soon received the fort of Dausa in dowry from the Chauhans of Lalsot. M. L. Sharma suggests that Dulha was placed in Dausa particularly to help fight the Bargujar chief who partly controlled the city. Dulha Rao soon defeated the Meenas of Khoh and Manchi and later completed the conquest of Dhundhar by defeating the Bargurjar after which he
12769-453: Was −2.2 °C (28.0 °F) on 31 January 1905, 1 February 1905 and 16 January 1964. Jaipur, like many other major cities of the world, is a significant urban heat island zone with surrounding rural temperatures occasionally falling below freezing in winters. Jaipur has been ranked 33rd best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India. According to the provisional report of 2011 census, Jaipur city had
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