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48-525: After the French invasion of Switzerland in 1798, the old Bernese order was broken up and the Oberland separated from the rest of the canton. Within the new canton, historic borders and traditional rights were not considered. As there had been no previous separatist feeling amongst the conservative population, there was little enthusiasm for the new order. The 1801 Malmaison Constitution proposed reuniting

96-587: A defeat at Schindellegi , and although victorious at Rothenthurm they were unable to revert the situation. On 4 May, the Landsgemeinde of Schwyz gave up the fight. Impressed by the resistance of the central Swiss, the French granted them mild terms of surrender and allowed them to keep their arms. The last event of the French invasion was an initially successful revolt of the Upper Valais , which

144-701: A long line of defense going from the Napf to Rapperswil . Reding took control of Lucerne and advanced across the Brünig Pass into the Bernese Oberland , but Schauenburg launched a counterattack towards Schwyz from occupied Zürich , moving through Zug , Lucerne and the Sattel Pass . Zug and Lucerne surrendered, and were soon followed by Glarus after the capture of Rapperswil and battles near Wollerau . Reding's troops had to retreat after

192-640: A subject status. Moreover, the majority of the Francophone Vaudois felt oppressed by German-speaking Bern. Several Vaudois patriots such as Frédéric-César de La Harpe advocated for independence. In 1795, La Harpe called on his compatriots to rise up against the Bernese aristocrats, but his appeal fell to deaf ears, and he had to flee to Revolutionary France , where he resumed his activism. In late 1797, French general Napoleon Bonaparte , who had just successfully conquered northern Italy and founded

240-543: A total of 5,584 households that answered this question, 34.7% were households made up of just one person and 30 were adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 1,585 married couples without children, 1,505 married couples with children. There were 286 single parents with a child or children. There were 109 households that were made up unrelated people and 134 households that were made some sort of institution or another collective housing. In 2000 there were 1,470 single family homes (or 59.3% of

288-551: Is 1,620 people or 12.0% of the population are between 65 and 79 years old and there are 593 people or 4.4% who are over 80. As of 2000 , there were 5,441 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 5,993 married individuals, 751 widows or widowers and 745 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000 , there were 5,450 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. There were 1,935 households that consist of only one person and 322 households with five or more people. Out of

336-492: Is forested. Of the rest of the land, 4.35 km (1.68 sq mi) or 23.9% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.1 km (25 acres) or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes and 0.03 km (7.4 acres) or 0.2% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 2.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 12.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 5.7%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.6% of

384-613: Is the capital of Liestal District and the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland, 17 km (11 mi) south of Basel . Liestal is an industrial town with a cobbled-street Old Town. The official language of Liestal is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German , but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect. The name Liestal was first mentioned in 1225, and

432-547: Is the capital of the canton of Basel-Country. The old town is situated on a rocky outcrop between the Ergolz and Orisbach rivers and between Basel and the Jura Mountains . The town is fan-shaped, consisting of a wide main street (Gassenmarkt) and two side streets. In the 18th century small suburbs developed around the lower and the upper city gates. In the 17th century the commercial district of Gestadeck developed along

480-707: The Cisalpine Republic , pressed the French Directory to occupy Switzerland. France's main goal in the invasion was securing access to northern Italy via the Alpine passes , with supplying its war effort and using the military potential of Switzerland as secondary objectives. Due to internal political and social upheaval, the Confederacy could neither reach an arrangement with France nor organize resistance. In September 1797, Switzerland's situation

528-582: The French Revolutionary Wars . The independent Old Swiss Confederacy collapsed from the invasion and simultaneous internal revolts called the "Helvetic Revolution". The Swiss ancien régime institutions were abolished and replaced by the centralised Helvetic Republic , one of the sister republics of the French First Republic . Before 1798, the modern canton of Vaud belonged to the canton of Bern , to which it had

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576-769: The Frenkenbrücke (bridge), the Munzach which was a Roman farmhouse, the Roman aqueduct and the Cantonal Archive of Basel-Landschaft are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance . The entire old town of Liestal is listed in the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites . In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 25.95% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were

624-564: The Habsburgs . In the 17th century, Liestal rebelled against Basel as part of the Farmers' Rebellion and was occupied by troops from that city. Three leaders of the rebellion were beheaded in Basel. In 1789, the town enthusiastically hailed the French call for freedom and equality. It celebrated Napoleon , when he traveled through town in 1797. After his fall, the earlier subjection to Basel

672-644: The SVP (25.05%), the FDP (18.83%) and the Green Party (17.23%). In the federal election, a total of 4,243 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.8%. As of  2007 , Liestal had an unemployment rate of 2.75%. As of 2005 , there were 160 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 26 businesses involved in this sector. 2,324 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 145 businesses in this sector. 10,189 people were employed in

720-483: The canton of Solothurn . On 4 March, Bern's government resigned, nevertheless its troops continued to resist the French advance. The next day, the Bernese were defeated at Fraubrunnen and the French attained a decisive victory at the Battle of Grauholz , confirming Vaud's secession. Schauenburg then received the capitulation signed the day before by Karl Albrecht von Frisching, leader of the pro-French Reform Party, who

768-441: The tertiary sector , with 824 businesses in this sector. There were 6,829 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which women made up 44.9% of the workforce. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 10,921. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 50, of which 36 were in agriculture, 12 were in forestry or lumber production and 2 were in fishing or fisheries. The number of jobs in

816-535: The Directory. Many Swiss rebels detested it, and the National Convention in Basel passed a modified version, which was then adopted by many other entities, but the French government insisted on the original. A proposal by Brune on 16 and 19 March to divide Switzerland into three republics ( Tellgovie , Hélvetie and Rhodanie ) was also overruled. On 12 April 1798, 121 cantonal deputies proclaimed

864-834: The European monarchies once again feared republican France was expanding its grip on the continent, and had to be opposed and driven back. The French conquest of Switzerland, which had maintained its neutrality ever since the outbreak of the French Revolution, was one of the reasons for the formation of the Second Coalition , and would see an Austro-Russian army conduct the Italian and Swiss expedition in 1799 and 1800. Liestal Liestal ( Alemannic German: [ˈliə̯ʃd̥l̩] , Standard German: [ˈliːstal] ), formerly spelled Liesthal ,

912-736: The Helvetic Republic, a client state of Revolutionary France. The new regime abolished cantonal sovereignty and feudalism, establishing a unitary state based on the ideas of the French Revolution . Subsequently, the cantons of Schwyz , Nidwalden and Uri in Central Switzerland rejected the Helvetic constitution. They were able to gather around 10,000 soldiers, under the command of Alois von Reding , Landeshauptmann of Schwyz. Their forces dispersed on

960-676: The Oberland with Bern, but it was not until the Act of Mediation , two years later, with the abolition of the Helvetic Republic and the partial restoration of the ancien régime , that the two cantons were reunited. During its short-lived existence, the canton was administered in ten districts , each named for the district seat, except where shown: 46°42′N 7°40′E  /  46.700°N 7.667°E  / 46.700; 7.667 French invasion of Switzerland French victory The French invasion of Switzerland ( German : Franzoseneinfall ) occurred from January to May 1798 as part of

1008-437: The area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.8%. Out of the forested land, 57.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 6.7% is used for growing crops and 8.0% is pastures, while 1.8% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.2% is in lakes and 0.3% is in rivers and streams. The municipality

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1056-595: The canal. The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per fess Argent, a crozier issuant Gules, and Gules. Liestal has a population (as of June 2021 ) of 14,963. As of 2008 , 23.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 7.7%. Most of the population (as of 2000 ) speaks German (10,759 or 83.2%), with Italian being second most common (660 or 5.1%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (276 or 2.1%). There are 122 people who speak French and 12 people who speak Romansh . As of 2008 ,

1104-534: The fighting, while French losses are unknown. The surrender of Bern led to even more dependencies across Switzerland declaring themselves independent republics. However, the Directory desired a single central republican state at France's eastern border, not dozens of small ones, and steered towards (re)establishment of national unity, though this time with equality for all its subdivisions. A new Constitution had already been written in Paris by Peter Ochs and approved by

1152-574: The following: Liestal railway station is on the Swiss Federal Railway 's Hauenstein main line , which connects Basel and Olten . It is served by five trains per hour to Basel, four trains per hour to Olten, and hourly trains to Bern , Lucerne and Zürich . Several trains a day operate through to Frankfurt and Berlin . The station is also the junction for, and terminus of, the Waldenburg narrow gauge railway , which operates

1200-755: The gender distribution of the population was 49.3% male and 50.7% female. The population was made up of 10,104 Swiss citizens (74.6% of the population), and 3,447 non-Swiss residents (25.4%) Of the population in the municipality 3,257 or about 25.2% were born in Liestal and lived there in 2000. There were 2,648 or 20.5% who were born in the same canton, while 3,406 or 26.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 3,129 or 24.2% were born outside of Switzerland. In 2008 there were 102 live births to Swiss citizens and 44 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 109 deaths of Swiss citizens and 7 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration,

1248-408: The insurance or financial industry, 638 or 7.4% were technical professionals or scientists, 660 or 7.6% were in education and 2,819 or 32.5% were in health care. In 2000 , there were 10,031 workers who commuted into the municipality and 3,911 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 2.6 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. About 5.3% of

1296-717: The municipality. Liestal is home to 2 libraries. These libraries include; the Kantonsbibliothek Baselland and the Pädagogische Hochschule in Liestal. There was a combined total (as of 2008 ) of 249,271 books or other media in the libraries, and in the same year a total of 757,718 items were loaned out. In 2014 the crime rate, of the over 200 crimes listed in the Swiss Criminal Code (running from murder, robbery and assault to accepting bribes and election fraud), in Liestal

1344-420: The municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 1,710. There were 268 single room apartments and 1,538 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 5,316 apartments (90.5% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 379 apartments (6.4%) were seasonally occupied and 181 apartments (3.1%) were empty. As of 2007 , the construction rate of new housing units

1392-428: The population of Swiss citizens decreased by 7 while the foreign population increased by 37. There were 5 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland and 4 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 41 non-Swiss men and 41 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders)

1440-658: The population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 452 individuals (or about 3.50% of the population) did not answer the question. In Liestal about 4,911 or (38.0%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 1,895 or (14.7%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Of the 1,895 who completed tertiary schooling, 59.3% were Swiss men, 25.1% were Swiss women, 9.0% were non-Swiss men and 6.6% were non-Swiss women. As of 2000 , there were 2,096 students in Liestal who came from another municipality, while 220 residents attended schools outside

1488-614: The population), there were 36 individuals (or about 0.28% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church , and there were 383 individuals (or about 2.96% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 8 individuals (or about 0.06% of the population) who were Jewish , and 699 (or about 5.41% of the population) who were Islamic . There were 31 individuals who were Buddhist , 119 individuals who were Hindu and 30 individuals who belonged to another church. 1,644 (or about 12.71% of

Canton of Oberland - Misplaced Pages Continue

1536-609: The rural elites in the dependencies and the Enlightened citizenry in the cantons to stimulate revolutionary excitement. The first event of what would become known as the Helvetic Revolution happened with a patriot uprising in Liestal in the canton of Basel on 17 January 1798. The rebels demanded equality before the law, erected a liberty tree and burnt down three Vogtei castles by 23 January. On 24 January,

1584-437: The secondary sector was 2,204, of which 1,107 or (50.2%) were in manufacturing and 896 (40.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 8,667. In the tertiary sector; 899 or 10.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 348 or 4.0% were in the movement and storage of goods, 258 or 3.0% were in a hotel or restaurant, 117 or 1.3% were in the information industry, 651 or 7.5% were

1632-739: The settlement dates at least from Roman times. The development of the town is due to its strategic location on the road between the first bridge over the Rhine at Basel and the St. Gotthard Pass . Citizens of Liestal participated in the Burgundian Wars in 1476 and 1477 against Charles the Bold . In 1501, the mayor swore allegiance to the Swiss Confederation, and this caused repeated conflict with neighboring Rheinfelden , which belonged to

1680-501: The total) out of a total of 2,479 inhabited buildings. There were 474 multi-family buildings (19.1%), along with 301 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (12.1%) and 234 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (9.4%). Of the single family homes 141 were built before 1919, while 241 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (353) were built between 1919 and 1945. In 2000 there were 5,876 apartments in

1728-920: The urban elite of Vaud proclaimed the Lemanic Republic ( République lémanique ) in Lausanne , which became its seat of government. Next, citizens and subjects in countless Swiss cities, cantons and their dependencies rebelled, and after the example of Vaud, more than 40 other short-lived republics were proclaimed in February, March and April throughout the country. At the invitation of the Lemanic Republic, 12,000 French troops under General Philippe Romain Ménard  [ fr ] invaded Vaud on 28 January. An incident on 25 January, in which two French hussars were killed by Swiss soldiers in Thierrens ,

1776-535: The workforce coming into Liestal are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.2% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 25.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 35.7% used a private car. From the 2000 census , 3,641 or 28.2% were Roman Catholic , while 5,626 or 43.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of the population, there were 261 members of an Orthodox church (or about 2.02% of

1824-496: Was 1.7 per thousand residents. This rate is 88.9% greater than the rate in the canton but is only 34.7% of the rate for the entire country. On the Sunday night after Mardi Gras , Chienbäse is celebrated with a spectacular parade and bonfires, from which the celebration takes its name. The tradition goes back at least to the 16th century. Other towns in the neighborhood also celebrate in a similar manner. Other local festivals are

1872-452: Was 2.2 new units per 1000 residents. As of 2000 the average price to rent a two-room apartment was about 871.00 CHF (US$ 700, £390, €560), a three-room apartment was about 1063.00 CHF (US$ 850, £480, €680) and a four-room apartment cost an average of 1260.00 CHF (US$ 1010, £570, €810). The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2008 , was 1.21%. The historical population is given in the following chart: The Depot of Archeology of Basel-land,

1920-465: Was 73.2 per thousand residents, slightly higher than the national average (64.6 per thousand). During the same period, the rate of drug crimes was 6.1 per thousand residents. This rate is 103.3% greater than the rate in the district, additionally it is 125.9% greater than the rate in the canton, however, due to lower rates in the district and canton it is still only 61.6% of the national rate. The rate of violations of immigration, visa and work permit laws

1968-575: Was an increase of 80 and the non-Swiss population decreased by 36 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.3%. The age distribution, as of 2010 , in Liestal is; 917 children or 6.8% of the population are between 0 and 6 years old and 1,827 teenagers or 13.5% are between 7 and 19. Of the adult population, 1,924 people or 14.2% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 1,828 people or 13.5% are between 30 and 39, 2,137 people or 15.8% are between 40 and 49, and 2,705 people or 20.0% are between 50 and 64. The senior population distribution

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2016-401: Was appointed head of a new provisional government. Erlach, who intended to continue resistance after retreating from Grauholz, was murdered near Wichtrach by his own soldiers who mistook him for a traitor. A Bernese victory at Neuenegg on 5 March, which stopped a French advance from the south through Murten and Freiburg, had no effect in the outcome of the war. Bern suffered 700 killed in

2064-425: Was cited as a pretext. They occupied Vaud without resistance and were cheered on by the population, as Bernese troops withdrew to the area of Murten and Fribourg . A second army under General Balthazar Alexis Henri Schauenburg advanced from Mont-Terrible , the former Prince-Bishopric of Basel, towards Bern and demanded its government to put pro-French Revolutionary parties in power. The Bernese refusal to do so

2112-598: Was further aggravated by the removal of François Barthélemy from the Directory, who had defended a position favorable to the Confederacy. On 10 October 1797, Valtellina , Chiavenna and Bormio , dependencies of the Three Leagues , revolted and with French support seceded from the Confederacy to join the Cisalpine Republic. In December, the southern part of the Prince-Bishopric of Basel

2160-464: Was occupied and annexed to France. Soon 10,000 French troops gathered near Geneva . The atmosphere inside Switzerland had changed significantly due to these developments, and many pro-French patriots hoped, and anti-French conservatives feared, that the Revolution would now spread to the rest of the Confederacy, with or without direct French military intervention. France used the dissatisfaction of

2208-442: Was re-established. The French July Revolution of 1830 also caused upheaval in Liestal. A provisional government was established, and the town was chosen as the capital of a new canton on 17 March 1832. Liestal has an area, as of 2009 , of 18.19 square kilometers (7.02 sq mi). Of this area, 2.99 km (1.15 sq mi) or 16.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while 10.68 km (4.12 sq mi) or 58.7%

2256-595: Was suppressed in late May. The Nidwalden uprising, an episode related to the invasion though distinct from it, took place in September 1798 and was quashed by the French under Schauenburg, leaving some 100 killed on both sides, along with 300 civilians massacred. The invasion strained the recently concluded Treaty of Campo Formio (18 October 1797) that had ended the War of the First Coalition against France. Now,

2304-458: Was used by the French to justify war. Bernese field marshal Karl Ludwig von Erlach was appointed supreme commander of all Swiss forces, while General Guillaume Brune held the equivalent office over French forces. Fighting began on 1 March, and the next day there were battles around Lengnau , Grenchen and in the Ruhsel forest between Alfermée and Twann , which ended with the surrender of

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