172-558: Central Campus is the primary academic and administrative section of Cornell University 's main campus in Ithaca, New York . It is bounded by Libe Slope to its west, Fall Creek to its north, and Cascadilla Creek to its south. Ezra Cornell donated his farm for the site of the Cornell University as a part of the package to bring New York's land grant college to Ithaca. With the exception of Cascadilla Hall, no buildings were on
344-450: A baccalaureate degree include passing a swimming test, completing two physical education courses, and satisfying a writing requirement. As of 2024, Cornell University has an endowment of $ 10.7 billion, the 14th-largest among all U.S. universities and colleges. In 2018, Cornell ranked third among all U.S. universities behind Harvard University and Stanford University in private fundraising, collecting $ 743 million. In addition to
516-410: A cooperative extension service , which includes 56 offices across the state. These offices provide programs in agriculture and food systems, children, youth and families, community and economic vitality, environment and natural resources, and nutrition and health. The university operates New York's Animal Health Diagnostic Center, which conducts animal disease control and husbandry. Cornell University
688-597: A planter from Barbados , in London. In 1763, he was appointed as the last royal governor of New Jersey. A Loyalist to the king, William Franklin saw his relations with father Benjamin eventually break down over their differences about the American Revolutionary War , as Benjamin Franklin could never accept William's position. Deposed in 1776 by the revolutionary government of New Jersey, William
860-525: A "transnational university". In 2017, Cornell opened Cornell Tech , a graduate campus and research center on Roosevelt Island in New York City , which won a competition bid initiated by former Mayor Michael Bloomberg , and is designed to spur technology entrepreneurship in New York City. Cornell University's main campus is located in Ithaca, New York , on East Hill, offering views of
1032-516: A 171,648 sq ft (15,946.6 m) Georgian Revival style brick building designed by William Haugaard located between the Ag Quad and Beebe Lake. In 1968, a dramatic, cantilevered wing designed by Ulrich Franzen was added to the North side of MVR overlooking Beebe Lake. However, the building was declared structurally unsafe in 2001 and abandoned. In the meantime, a west wing was built to house
1204-623: A 2.1 million square foot state-of-the-art tech campus to be built on Roosevelt Island , on the site of the former Coler Specialty Hospital . The following year, in fall 2012, instruction began at a temporary location at space donated by Google , located at 111 Eighth Avenue in Manhattan . In 2014, construction began on the Cornell Tech campus, and the first phase was completed in September 2017. Thom Mayne of Morphosis Architects
1376-628: A Freemason for the rest of his life. At age 17 in 1723, Franklin proposed to 15-year-old Deborah Read while a boarder in the Read home. At that time, Deborah's mother was wary of allowing her young daughter to marry Franklin, who was on his way to London at Governor Keith's request, and also because of his financial instability. Her own husband had recently died, and she declined Franklin's request to marry her daughter. Franklin travelled to London, and after he failed to communicate as expected with Deborah and her family, they interpreted his long silence as
1548-466: A U.S. graduate school vote on unionization was defeated in a vote. In March 2004, Cornell and Stanford University laid the cornerstone for the building and operation of "Bridging the Rift Center", located on the border between Israel and Jordan , and used for education. In 2005, Jeffrey S. Lehman , a former president of Cornell, described the university and its high international profile as
1720-478: A Veterinary Diagnostic Lab was added to provide support for veterinarians throughout New York State. It was designed by Levatich, Miller & Hoffman. In 1993, a Primary Vet Teaching wing was added. In 1997, a 321,395 sq ft (29,858.6 m) Vet Hospital was added along the south side of the complex. Adjacent to Schurman Hall is the W. C. Muenscher Poisonous Plant Garden, used by veterinary students to learn about plants poisonous to livestock. For many years,
1892-1173: A board member in 2019. His eldest daughter Katy Cornell, class of 2001, is expected to become the next life trustee. On July 1, 2024, Michael Kotlikoff , who served as Cornell's 16th provost, began a two-year term as interim president, succeeding Martha E. Pollack , Cornell's fourteenth president , who announced her retirement in May 2024. Cornell's colleges and schools offer a wide range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs, including seven undergraduate colleges and seven schools offering graduate and professional programs. All academic departments at Cornell are affiliated with at least one college. Several inter-school academic departments offer courses in more than one college. Students pursuing graduate degrees in these schools are enrolled in Cornell University Graduate School . The School of Continuing Education and Summer Sessions provides additional programs for college and high school students, professionals, and other adults. Cornell's four statutory colleges include
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#17327980283662064-585: A breaking of his promises. At the urging of her mother, Deborah married a potter named John Rogers on August 5, 1725. John soon fled to Barbados with her dowry in order to avoid debts and prosecution. Since Rogers' fate was unknown, bigamy laws prevented Deborah from remarrying. Franklin returned in 1726 and resumed his courtship of Deborah. They established a common-law marriage on September 1, 1730. They took in his recently acknowledged illegitimate young son and raised him in their household. They had two children together. Their son, Francis Folger Franklin ,
2236-466: A class for four years, and there would be no religious test for admission. Johnson went on to found King's College (now Columbia University ) in New York City in 1754, while Franklin hired Smith as provost of the College of Philadelphia, which opened in 1755. At its first commencement, on May 17, 1757, seven men graduated; six with a Bachelor of Arts and one with a Master of Arts. It was later merged with
2408-523: A consultant. The Arts Quad reflects Cornell and White's decision to use a quadrangle model for organizing academic buildings around formal open spaces. The quadrangle started with the "stone row" along the ridge of Libe Slope—Morrill (1866) and White (1867) Halls (both by Buffalo architects Wilcox and Porter), and McGraw (1869). Both McGraw and West Sibley (1870) Halls were designed by Syracuse architect Archimedes Russell. There were tensions between Cornell's preference for practical designs while White favored
2580-585: A fire in the Residential Club dormitory that killed eight students and one professor. In the late 1960s, Cornell was among the Ivy League universities that experienced heightened student activism related to cultural issues, civil rights, and opposition to U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War . In 1969, armed anti- Vietnam War protesters occupied Willard Straight Hall , an incident that led to
2752-462: A full four-year MD program, mirrors the medical school curriculum taught at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City . The college also offers a two-year undergraduate pre-medical program, which has a separate admissions process and was established as an undergraduate program in September 2002 as the first coeducational institute of higher education in Qatar. The college is partially funded by
2924-431: A gas-fired combined heat and power facility, an on-campus hydroelectric plant, and a lake source cooling system. In 2007, Cornell established a Center for a Sustainable Future The same year, following a multiyear, cross-campus discussion about energy and sustainability, Cornell's Atkinson Center for Sustainability was established, funded by an $ 80 million gift from alumnus David R. Atkinson ('60) and his wife Patricia,
3096-543: A graduate student group, At What Cost?, was formed at Cornell to oppose a graduate student unionization drive run by CASE/UAW, an affiliate of the United Auto Workers . The vote to unionize, held in October 2002, was rejected, and At What Cost? was considered instrumental in the unusually large 90% turnout for the vote and in the 2-to-1 defeat of the unionization proposal, the first instance in history in which
3268-729: A major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics . He also charted and named the Gulf Stream current. His numerous important inventions include the lightning rod , bifocals , glass harmonica and the Franklin stove . He founded many civic organizations , including the Library Company , Philadelphia 's first fire department , and the University of Pennsylvania . Franklin earned
3440-643: A more classical design. Hence although the Stone Row was built from native gray siltstone (nicknamed "llenroc"), later buildings including Lincoln Hall, Sage Residential College and Sage Chapel were built from red brick. Originally, the Arts Quadrangle was proposed to be a square extending to the east to the site of Baker Laboratory and Rockefeller Hall. The subsequent construction of Lincoln Hall and Goldwin Smith Hall, however, ended up defining it as
3612-514: A new 43,000-square-foot (4,000 m) facility designed by Rem Koolhaas was built on the parking lot behind Sibley Hall and opened in 2011. It connects to Sibley and Rand Hall and provides 25,000 square feet of studio space for the College of Architecture, Art, and Planning and contains a 250-seat auditorium. The building is cantilevered over University Avenue. During 2007–2010, while Milstein Hall
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#17327980283663784-542: A patriotic stand in the growing crisis with Great Britain. Franklin's Connecticut Gazette (1755–68), however, proved unsuccessful. As the Revolution approached, political strife slowly tore his network apart. In 1730 or 1731, Franklin was initiated into the local Masonic lodge . He became a grand master in 1734, indicating his rapid rise to prominence in Pennsylvania. The same year, he edited and published
3956-494: A postal system. The report of the committee, providing for the appointment of a postmaster general for the 13 American colonies, was considered by the Continental Congress on July 25 and 26. On July 26, 1775, Franklin was appointed postmaster general, the first appointed under the Continental Congress. His apprentice, William Goddard , felt that his ideas were mostly responsible for shaping the postal system and that
4128-621: A rectangle, with its long dimension oriented north–south. By 1871, Cornell had established one of the United States' early architecture schools, and many campus buildings built in the last quarter of the Nineteenth Century were designed by the architecture school's professors and students. Hence, Cornell's first architecture professor, Charles Babcock , received many important commissions. Franklin (1882; now Tjaden) and Lincoln (1888) Halls reflect Babcock's interpretation of
4300-482: A restructuring of the university's governance and forced the resignation of then Cornell president James Alfred Perkins . Since the 20th century, rankings of universities and colleges, Cornell University and its academic programs have routinely ranked among the best in the world. In 1995, the National Research Council ranked Cornell's Ph.D. programs as sixth-best in the nation. It also ranked
4472-664: A scheme for the Academy, Charity School, and College of Philadelphia ; however, the person he had in mind to run the academy, Rev. Richard Peters , refused and Franklin put his ideas away until 1749 when he printed his own pamphlet, Proposals Relating to the Education of Youth in Pensilvania. He was appointed president of the Academy on November 13, 1749; the academy and the charity school opened in 1751. In 1743, he founded
4644-562: A scientist and statesman, he habitually signed his letters with the unpretentious 'B. Franklin, Printer.' In 1732, he published the first German-language newspaper in America – Die Philadelphische Zeitung – although it failed after only one year because four other newly founded German papers quickly dominated the newspaper market. Franklin also printed Moravian religious books in German. He often visited Bethlehem, Pennsylvania , staying at
4816-462: A subject of conversation around town. Neither James nor the Courant 's readers were aware of the ruse, and James was unhappy with Benjamin when he discovered the popular correspondent was his younger brother. Franklin was an advocate of free speech from an early age. When his brother was jailed for three weeks in 1722 for publishing material unflattering to the governor , young Franklin took over
4988-532: A total of seventeen children with his two wives. He married his first wife, Anne Child, in about 1677 in Ecton and emigrated with her to Boston in 1683; they had three children before emigration and four after. Following her death, Josiah married Abiah Folger on July 9, 1689, in the Old South Meeting House by Reverend Samuel Willard , and had ten children with her. Benjamin, their eighth child,
5160-464: Is 1915 Plaza, dedicated to the legendary football team of that year. A bronze statue of Touchdown , the unofficial Cornell mascot, stands in the plaza. In the 1970s, a new quadrangle was planned for Lower Alumni Field to house the since-dissolved Division of Biological Sciences. Three buildings were built on that playing field: the 110,380 sq ft (10,255 m) "new" Comstock Hall (1985), Seeley G. Mudd Hall – Dale R. Corson Hall (1982), and
5332-569: Is a nonprofit organization with a decentralized structure in which its 16 colleges, including 12 privately endowed colleges and four publicly supported statutory colleges, exercise significant autonomy to define and manage their respective academic programs, admissions, advising, and confer degrees. Cornell also operates eCornell , which provides online professional development and certificate programs and participates in New York's land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant programs. Cornell University
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5504-548: Is a National Historic Landmark. In 1971, Ithaca adopted a pioneering landmark and historic preservation ordinance, with the Arts Quadrangle and a number of individual buildings being designated landmarks or historic districts. Registered historic places on the central campus include: Andrew Dickson White House , Bailey Hall , Caldwell Hall , old Comstock Hall , Deke House , East Roberts Hall (demolished), Fernow Hall , Rice Hall , Roberts Hall (demolished) and Stone Hall (demolished). The two Norwegian spruce trees in front of
5676-568: Is affiliated with neighboring Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , one of the nation's leading cancer centers, Rockefeller University , and the Hospital for Special Surgery . Many faculty members have joint appointments at these institutions. Weill Cornell, Rockefeller, and Memorial Sloan–Kettering offer the Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program , which is available to selected entering Cornell medical students. From 1942 to 1979,
5848-511: Is bordered by two gorges , Fall Creek Gorge and Cascadilla Gorge. The gorges are popular swimming spots during warmer months, but their use is discouraged by the university and city code due to potential safety hazards. Adjacent to the main campus, Cornell owns the 2,800-acre (1,100 ha) Cornell Botanic Gardens , which features various plants, trees, and ponds. Cornell University has implemented several green initiatives , designed to promote sustainability and reduce environmental impact, including
6020-466: Is characterized by an irregular layout and a mix of architectural styles, which have developed over time and are attributed to the university's ever-changing master plans for the campus. The more ornate buildings generally predate World War II . Since then, more recent buildings on the campus are characterized by modernist architectural styles. Several Cornell University buildings have been named National Historic Landmarks , and ten have been listed on
6192-585: Is currently undergoing a generic environmental impact study. The central campus is flanked by two gorges: Fall Creek to the north and Cascadilla Creek to the south. On the north, pedestrians may cross Fall Creek via the Thurston Avenue Bridge, between Rand and Risley Halls, which has a view of Triphammer Falls and Beebe Lake . Fall Creek is also crossed by the Triphammer Footbridge, directly above Triphammer Falls. Just above
6364-647: Is evidently a portrait of his rival, Samuel Keimer . Franklin had mixed success in his plan to establish an inter-colonial network of newspapers that would produce a profit for him and disseminate virtue. Over the years he sponsored two dozen printers in Pennsylvania, South Carolina, New York, Connecticut, and even the Caribbean. By 1753, eight of the fifteen English language newspapers in the colonies were published by him or his partners. He began in Charleston, South Carolina , in 1731. After his second editor died,
6536-442: Is now one of the nation's longest continuously published student newspapers in the nation. From the 19th to early 20th centuries, Cornell had several literary societies that were founded to encourage writing, reading, and oration skills. The U.S. Bureau of Education described three of them as a "purely literary society" following the "traditions of the old literary societies of Eastern universities. In 1967, Cornell experienced
6708-732: Is the home to the Theoretical and Applied Mathematics department, and Bard Hall the home of the Material Sciences department. Between Upson and Kimball stands Ward Hall (1963), the soon to be closed down and former building for nuclear sciences. Next to Bard, and across the street from the Cornell Law School , stand Snee Hall (1984), which houses the Geology Department, and Hollister Hall, (1957) which houses Civil Engineering. Carpenter Hall (1956), containing
6880-559: Is the present-day Church of St Bartholomew-the-Great in the Smithfield area of London. Following this, he returned to Philadelphia in 1726 with the help of Thomas Denham , a merchant who employed him as a clerk, shopkeeper, and bookkeeper in his business. In 1727, at age 21, Franklin formed the Junto , a group of "like minded aspiring artisans and tradesmen who hoped to improve themselves while they improved their community." The Junto
7052-727: Is underground between Stimson and Goldwin Smith Halls and is accessible through Olin Library. A new wing was added to the rear of Lincoln Hall in 2000. It incorporates new space for the Sidney Cox Library of Music and Dance, a large rehearsal facility, a gamelan room, and expanded studio and practice room space. To the west of Tjaden Hall is the Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art , built in 1973 and designed by I.M. Pei . The original design included an underground gallery north of
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7224-533: The $ 100 bill and in the names of warships , many towns and counties, educational institutions and corporations , as well as in numerous cultural references and a portrait in the Oval Office . His more than 30,000 letters and documents have been collected in The Papers of Benjamin Franklin . Anne Robert Jacques Turgot said of him: "Eripuit fulmen cœlo, mox sceptra tyrannis" ("He snatched lightning from
7396-746: The American Philosophical Society to help scientific men discuss their discoveries and theories. He began the electrical research that, along with other scientific inquiries, would occupy him for the rest of his life, in between bouts of politics and moneymaking. During King George's War , Franklin raised a militia called the Association for General Defense because the legislators of the city had decided to take no action to defend Philadelphia "either by erecting fortifications or building Ships of War." He raised money to create earthwork defenses and buy artillery. The largest of these
7568-485: The American Revolution . From 1785 to 1788, he served as President of Pennsylvania . At some points in his life, he owned slaves and ran "for sale" ads for slaves in his newspaper, but by the late 1750s, he began arguing against slavery , became an active abolitionist , and promoted the education and integration of African Americans into U.S. society. As a scientist, his studies of electricity made him
7740-570: The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation , is located across Campus Road from Barton Hall and east of Phillips Hall, across Hoy Road, on the site of a parking lot for Hoy Field and Grumman Squash Courts. The building is home to the Department of Computer Science, previously located in Upson Hall, and the Department of Information Science, formerly located off campus. The 100,000 square foot building
7912-541: The Charles River , Franklin recalled that he was "generally the leader among the boys." Franklin's father wanted him to attend school with the clergy but only had enough money to send him to school for two years. He attended Boston Latin School but did not graduate; he continued his education through voracious reading. Although "his parents talked of the church as a career" for Franklin, his schooling ended when he
8084-723: The College of Agriculture and Life Sciences , College of Human Ecology , School of Industrial and Labor Relations , and College of Veterinary Medicine . In the 2010–2011 fiscal year, these four colleges received $ 131.9 million in State University of New York (SUNY) appropriations to support teaching, research, and service missions, making them accountable to SUNY trustees and state agencies. New York residents enrolled in these colleges qualify for discounted tuition; however, their academic activities are considered by New York state to be private and non-state entities. Cornell's nine privately endowed, non-statutory colleges include
8256-1004: The College of Agriculture and Life Sciences , the College of Human Ecology , the Industrial and Labor Relations School , and the Jeb E. Brooks School of Public Policy. Among Cornell's graduate schools, only the Veterinary Medicine College is supported by New York state . The main campus of Cornell University in Ithaca spans 745 acres (301 ha). As of October 2024, 64 Nobel laureates , 4 Turing Award winners, and 1 Fields Medalist have been affiliated with Cornell. Cornell counts more than 250,000 living alumni, which include 34 Marshall Scholars , 33 Rhodes Scholars , 29 Truman Scholars , 63 Olympic Medalists , 10 current Fortune 500 CEOs , and 35 billionaires. Cornell University
8428-466: The College of Architecture, Art, and Planning opened an 11,000 square foot, Gensler -designed facility at 26 Broadway in Manhattan's Financial District. The General Electric Building at 570 Lexington Avenue serves as the New York City location for over a dozen additional Cornell University programs, including the New York City headquarters of the School of Industrial and Labor Relations and
8600-476: The College of Arts and Sciences , College of Architecture, Art, and Planning , College of Engineering , and College of Hotel Administration , each of which operate independently of state funding and oversight, which grants them greater autonomy in determining their academic programs, admissions, and advising. They also do not offer discounted tuition for New York residents. As of 2023, among Cornell's 15,182 undergraduate students, 4,602 (30.3%) are affiliated with
8772-633: The College of William & Mary , called a "new-model" plan or style of American college. Franklin solicited, printed in 1752, and promoted an American textbook of moral philosophy by Samuel Johnson, titled Elementa Philosophica , to be taught in the new colleges. In June 1753, Johnson, Franklin, and Smith met in Stratford. They decided the new-model college would focus on the professions, with classes taught in English instead of Latin, have subject matter experts as professors instead of one tutor leading
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#17327980283668944-592: The Instructor and made it The Pennsylvania Gazette . The Gazette soon became his characteristic organ, which he freely used for satire, for the play of his wit, even for sheer excess of mischief or of fun. From the first, he had a way of adapting his models to his own uses. The series of essays called " The Busy-Body ," which he wrote for Bradford's American Mercury in 1729, followed the general Addisonian form, already modified to suit homelier conditions. The thrifty Patience, in her busy little shop, complaining of
9116-512: The Maine – New Hampshire coast, which is operated in conjunction with the University of New Hampshire and focuses on undergraduate education and research. Until 2011, Cornell operated Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico , which was the site of the world's largest single-dish radio telescope . The university maintains several facilities dedicated to conservation and ecology , including
9288-643: The Moravian Sun Inn . In a 1751 pamphlet on demographic growth and its implications for the Thirteen Colonies, he called the Pennsylvania Germans "Palatine Boors" who could never acquire the "Complexion" of Anglo-American settlers and referred to "Blacks and Tawneys" as weakening the social structure of the colonies. Although he apparently reconsidered shortly thereafter, and the phrases were omitted from all later printings of
9460-690: The National Register of Historic Places : Andrew Dickson White House , Bailey Hall , Caldwell Hall , the Computing and Communications Center , Morrill Hall , Rice Hall , Fernow Hall , Wing Hall , Llenroc , and Deke House . Three other listed historic buildings, the original Roberts Hall, East Robert Hall, and Stone Hall, were demolished in the 1980s to make way for new campus buildings and development. The majority of Cornell University's academic and administrative facilities are located on its main campus in Ithaca. The architectural styles on
9632-1039: The New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, New York , which operates three substations, the Cornell Lake Erie Research and Extension Laboratory in Portland , the Hudson Valley Laboratory in Highland , and the Long Island Horticultural Research Laboratory in Riverhead on Long Island . The Cornell Lab of Ornithology in Ithaca conducts research on biological diversity in birds. Additional research facilities include
9804-601: The Perkins and Will firm. It has undergone major changes in recent years, particularly with the completion of Duffield Hall. Prior to its construction, Engineering programs were housed in Lincoln Hall, Sibley Hall, Morse Hall and Franklin Hall at the north end of the Arts Quad. In 2004, landscaping renovation with a design inspired by Cascadilla Gorge was completed and its landmark Pew Sundial (designed by Dale Corson )
9976-445: The Sibley Dome (1902), by Arthur N. Gibb (who also graduated from the Cornell architecture school), reflect Neoclassical themes. Cornell shifted to outside architects, the nationally prominent firm of Carrère and Hastings , to design Goldwin Smith Hall (1904) and the adjacent Sheldon Memorial Exedra and Sundial (installed 1910), also in a Neoclassical style. Goldwin Smith Hall began as a modest building with an east–west orientation, but
10148-426: The University of the State of Pennsylvania to become the University of Pennsylvania . The college was to become influential in guiding the founding documents of the United States: in the Continental Congress , for example, over one-third of the college-affiliated men who contributed to the Declaration of Independence between September 4, 1774, and July 4, 1776, were affiliated with the college. In 1754, he headed
10320-401: The 173,818 sq ft (16,148.2 m) Biotechnology Building (1986). In addition, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology , a $ 162 million Life Sciences Technology Building designed by Richard Meier was built on the west end of Upper Alumni Field in 2008. Weill Hall includes the Fuller Learning Center with extensive video conferencing equipment. The enabling legislation creating
10492-435: The 1904 expansion to its south converted it into the focal point of the east side of the Quad. Klarman Hall, a new humanities building built in the space between the back of Goldwin Smith Hall and East Avenue, was completed in 2016. The new building is connected to Goldwin Smith Hall with a 7,700 square foot glass covered atrium and creates 33,250 square feet of assignable space for classrooms and offices. Next to Stimson Hall
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#173279802836610664-457: The 1920s when Cornell's football team was national champion, the football stadium was filled to capacity with spectators. In the 1960s, the Wilson Synchrotron Laboratory was constructed in a tunnel 15 meters underneath Upper Alumni Fields. For many years, a cider track was located on Upper Alumni Fields to the east of Lynah Rink, but the 151,900 sq ft (14,110 m) Bartels Hall field house designed by Gwathmey & Siegel (1990), and
10836-509: The Animal Science Teaching and Research Center, the Duck Research Laboratory, the Cornell Biological Field Station, the Freeville Organic Research Farm, the Homer C. Thompson Vegetable Research Farm, and biodiversity laboratories in Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic and the Peruvian Amazonia in Peru . Cornell offers various study abroad and scholarship programs, which allow students to gain experience and earn credit towards their degrees. The "Capital Semester" program offers students
11008-797: The Atkinson Center. Cornell's medical campus in New York City , also called Weill Cornell, is on the Upper East Side of Manhattan . It is home to two Cornell divisions, Weill Cornell Medicine , the university's medical school, and Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences . Since 1927, Weill Cornell has been affiliated with NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , one of the nation's largest hospitals. While Cornell's medical school maintains its own faculty and academic divisions, it shares administrative and teaching hospital functions with Columbia University Medical Center . In addition to NewYork-Presbyterian, Cornell's teaching hospitals include Payne Whitney Clinic in Manhattan and its Westchester Division in White Plains, New York . Weill Cornell Medical College
11180-415: The British Plantations in America. He used the heraldic badge of the Prince of Wales as the cover illustration. Franklin wrote a letter, " Advice to a Friend on Choosing a Mistress ," dated June 25, 1745, in which he gives advice to a young man about channeling sexual urges. Due to its licentious nature, it was not published in collections of his papers during the 19th century. Federal court rulings from
11352-411: The College of Arts and Sciences, which is the largest college by enrollment, followed by 3,203 (21.1%) in Engineering, and 3,101 (20.4%) in Agriculture and Life Sciences. The smallest of the seven undergraduate colleges is Architecture, Art, and Planning, with 503 (3.3%) students. Academic requirements for graduation are developed and managed by the respective colleges, and university-wide requirements for
11524-491: The Cornell Cooperative Extension. Students om the School of Industrial and Labor Relations' Extension and Outreach Program make workplace expertise available to organizations, union members, policymakers, and working adults. The College of Engineering's Operations Research Manhattan, located in the city's Financial District , brings together business optimization research and decision support services used in financial applications and public health logistics planning. In 2015,
11696-445: The Deke House planted by Theodore Roosevelt are on the National Register of Historically Significant Trees. The campus includes more recent, 20th-century buildings that have earned architectural acclaim, especially the I. M. Pei-designed Johnson Art Museum and James Stirling -designed Schwartz Performing Arts Center. In 2006–2007, Cornell embarked on another in its series of master plans, retaining Urban Strategies Inc. of Toronto as
11868-419: The Engineering Library, stands next to Hollister on the northwestern corner. The edge of northern face of the quad, mostly open space, is lined with trees along Campus Road. Across Campus Road is Franklin W. Olin Jr. Hall (1942), home of the School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. In March 2012, construction began on Bill & Melinda Gates Hall. The building, funded in part by a $ 25 million gift from
12040-622: The Friedman Wrestling Center (2002) were built on the site of that track. A replacement track and field complex, named for Robert J. Kane and William E. Simon was built on the east end of Upper Alumni Fields in 1996. Just outside the Schoellkopf Crescent is the Fischell Band Center (dedicated 2013), a custom-built structure which is home to the Big Red Marching Band . The building is a three-story glass structure designed by University Architect Gilbert Delgado, with slanted walls and ceilings for superior acoustics. It also includes display cases for memorabilia, photos, and uniforms. Outside Teagle Hall
12212-495: The Loyalist cause, was held in solitary confinement at Litchfield for eight months. When finally released in a prisoner exchange in 1778, he moved to New York City, which was occupied by the British at the time. While in New York City, he became leader of the Board of Associated Loyalists, a quasi-military organization chartered by King George III and headquartered in New York City. They initiated guerrilla forays into New Jersey, southern Connecticut, and New York counties north of
12384-609: The Minns Garden between Roberts and Plant Science. To the west of Roberts Hall is Bailey Hall (1912). It is the largest auditorium on the campus. Both Bailey Hall and "old" Comstock Hall are historic landmarks. The most recent addition has been a 105,372 sq ft (9,789.4 m) expansion of Mann Library to the northeast, designed by Lee Timchula and opened in 2000. Since 1933, the home economics/human ecology programs have been housed in Martha van Renssalaer Hall (MVR),
12556-614: The Nature and Necessity of a Paper Currency in 1729, and his printer printed money. He was influential in the more restrained and thus successful monetary experiments in the Middle Colonies, which stopped deflation without causing excessive inflation. In 1766, he made a case for paper money to the British House of Commons . As he matured, Franklin began to concern himself more with public affairs. In 1743, he first devised
12728-694: The New York City branch of the Cornell Cooperative Extension. In September 2004, Cornell opened the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar in Education City , near Doha , which is the first U.S. medical school established outside of the United States. The college, which is a joint initiative with the Qatar government , is part of Cornell's efforts to increase its international influence. The college,
12900-587: The New York State Open Meetings Law. The university charter (specifically, paragraph 1.b of section 5703 of the Education Law) provides that one member of the board, the life trustee, is the eldest living lineal descendant of Ezra Cornell. As of 2024, the current and longest-serving life trustee is Ezra Cornell, class of 1971, the great-great-great grandson of the original Ezra Cornell. He celebrated 50 years of service as
13072-891: The Pennsylvania delegation to the Albany Congress . This meeting of several colonies had been requested by the Board of Trade in England to improve relations with the Indians and defense against the French. Franklin proposed a broad Plan of Union for the colonies. While the plan was not adopted, elements of it found their way into the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution . In 1753, Harvard University and Yale awarded him honorary master of arts degrees. In 1756, he
13244-615: The Pennsylvania legislature to establish a hospital. Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital in the colonies. In 1752, Franklin organized the Philadelphia Contributionship , the Colonies' first homeowner's insurance company. Between 1750 and 1753, the "educational triumvirate" of Franklin, Samuel Johnson of Stratford, Connecticut , and schoolteacher William Smith built on Franklin's initial scheme and created what Bishop James Madison , president of
13416-614: The Qatar government through the Qatar Foundation , a Qatar state-led non-profit organization, which contributed $ 750 million for its construction. The medical center is housed in a large two-story structure designed by Arata Isozaki , a Japanese architect. In 2004, the Qatar Foundation, announced the construction of a 350-bed Specialty Teaching Hospital near the medical college in Education City, which
13588-607: The Romanesque Revival style. William H. Miller , who studied architecture under Cornell President Andrew D. White, also employed the Romanesque Revival style in the design of Uris Library (dedicated 1891), which has grown to iconically represent Cornell. Uris Library was expanded from its original cross shape twice—first to expand the library stacks in 1937 and to add underground reading rooms overlooking Libe Slope in 1982. Miller's Stimson Hall (1902), and
13760-592: The Schwartz Center for the Performing Arts. Designed by architect James Stirling (considered to be the most important British architect of the 20th century), the marble- and stucco-clad performing arts building features a loggia running alongside the gorge, from which one enters the complex. It is one of only four structures in the U.S. designed by Stirling. Historically, students lived off campus and were expected to walk to campus, and faculty housing
13932-531: The Senate , Speaker of the Assembly , and president of the university serve in ex officio voting capacities. The board is responsible for electing a President to serve as the university's chief executive and educational officer. From 2014 to 2022, Robert Harrison served as chairman of the board. He was succeeded by Kraig Kayser. The Board of Trustees holds four regular meetings annually, which are subject to
14104-534: The Townhouse Community. The architectural styles of North Campus are more modern, reflecting the growth of the university and need for expanded student housing during the 20th century. The West Campus House System showcases a blend of architectural styles, including Gothic -style buildings and residential halls collectively known as "the Gothics." In Collegetown, located near the campus in Ithaca,
14276-699: The Weill Cornell Medical campus also housed the Cornell School of Nursing . On December 19, 2011, Cornell and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa won a competition for rights to claim free city land and $ 100 million in subsidies to build an engineering campus in New York City. The competition, established by former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg , was designed to increase entrepreneurship and job growth in New York City's technology sector. The winning bid consisted of
14448-711: The Weinhold Chilled Water Plant, and the Toboggan Lodge (which housed toboggan and ice skating but now serves as a University Auditors office.) The area between the Arts Quad and the Engineering Quad include a number of major buildings, including (from west to east), Willard Straight Hall (which houses Okenshields, the only dining hall on central campus), Cornell Health, Barnes Hall , the underground Cornell Campus Store designed by Earl Flansburgh , Sage Chapel , Sage Hall (which
14620-750: The academic quality of 18 individual Cornell Ph.D. programs among the top ten in the nation, which included astrophysics (ninth-best), chemistry (sixth-best), civil engineering (sixth-best), comparative literature (sixth-best), computer science (fifth-best), ecology (fourth-best), electrical engineering (seventh-best), English (seventh-best), French (eighth-best), geosciences (tenth-best), German (third-best), linguistics (ninth-best), materials science (third-best), mechanical engineering (seventh-best), philosophy (ninth-best), physics (sixth-best), Spanish (eighth-best), and statistics / biostatistics (fourth-best). The council ranked Cornell's College of Arts and Humanities faculty as fifth-best in
14792-551: The appointment should have gone to him, but he graciously conceded it to Franklin, 36 years his senior. Franklin, however, appointed Goddard as Surveyor of the Posts, issued him a signed pass, and directed him to investigate and inspect the various post offices and mail routes as he saw fit. The newly established postal system became the United States Post Office, a system that continues to operate today. From
14964-482: The architectural styles are diverse, reflecting the area's mixed-use nature. The Schwartz Performing Arts Center and two upper-level residence halls are surrounded by a variety of apartment buildings, eateries, and businesses. Cornell University's main campus in Ithaca is located in the Finger Lakes region in upstate New York and features views of the city , Cayuga Lake , and surrounding valleys. The campus
15136-566: The burning spirits, and Daniel Rees died of his burns two days later." While Franklin did not directly participate in the hazing that led to Rees' death , he knew of the hazing before it turned fatal, and did nothing to stop it. He was criticized for his inaction in The American Weekly Mercury , by his publishing rival Andrew Bradford . Ultimately, "Franklin replied in his own defense in the Gazette. " Franklin remained
15308-488: The campus range from ornate Collegiate Gothic , Victorian , and Neoclassical buildings to more spare international and modernist structures. Frederick Law Olmsted , designer of Central Park , proposed a "grand terrace" overlooking Cayuga Lake in one of the earliest plans for the development of the campus. North Campus features primarily residential buildings, including ten residence halls designed to accommodate first and second-year students, and transfer students in
15480-438: The central campus was restricted to holders of special staff parking permits. A campus bus system shuttled commuters to peripheral "A" and "B" parking lots, with the cost of the parking permits covering the operating cost of the bus system. Subsequently, the western end of Tower Road was permanently closed to all traffic as was Central Avenue, which was developed into Ho Plaza. However, staff continue to press for more parking on
15652-604: The central campus, and in response, parking structures have been built on the site of Bacon Cage on the south and on the site of the North Wing of MVR on the north. Plans to build a third garage on the Hughes Hall parking lot have been defeated. Proposals for new parking lots have generally drawn protests from neighbors as indicated by the Redbud Woods controversy in 2005. The future of Cornell's transportation needs
15824-502: The city and Cayuga Lake . The campus has expanded to approximately 745 acres (301 ha) since its founding, now including multiple academic buildings, laboratories, administrative facilities, athletic centers, auditoriums, museums, and residential areas. In 2011, Travel + Leisure recognized Cornell's campus in Ithaca as one of the most beautiful in the United States, praising its unique blend of architectural styles, historic landmarks, and picturesque surroundings. The Ithaca campus
15996-477: The city. When British troops evacuated from New York, William Franklin left with them and sailed to England. He settled in London, never to return to North America. In the preliminary peace talks in 1782 with Britain, "... Benjamin Franklin insisted that loyalists who had borne arms against the United States would be excluded from this plea (that they be given a general pardon). He was undoubtedly thinking of William Franklin." In 1732, Franklin began to publish
16168-410: The college also provided funds for a veterinary building at Cornell. The building opened in the fall of 1896, and is now a portion of Ives Hall . A new veterinary complex for Cornell and the college was created in 1957 at the east end of Tower Road. The main building is named Schurman Hall. Today, this complex is the largest veterinary complex in higher education in the United States. (To compensate for
16340-566: The colonial post office. When the lands of New France were ceded to the British under the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the British province of Quebec was created among them, and Franklin saw mail service expanded between Montreal , Trois-Rivières , Quebec City, and New York. For the greater part of his appointment, he lived in England (from 1757 to 1762, and again from 1764 to 1774)—about three-quarters of his term. Eventually, his sympathies for
16512-830: The construction of a printing network based on a chain of partnerships from the Carolinas to New England. He thereby invented the first newspaper chain. It was more than a business venture, for like many publishers he believed that the press had a public-service duty. When he established himself in Philadelphia, shortly before 1730, the town boasted two "wretched little" news sheets, Andrew Bradford 's The American Weekly Mercury and Samuel Keimer 's Universal Instructor in all Arts and Sciences, and Pennsylvania Gazette . This instruction in all arts and sciences consisted of weekly extracts from Chambers's Universal Dictionary . Franklin quickly did away with all of this when he took over
16684-536: The disease that subsequently killed him. Deborah wrote to him in November 1769, saying she was ill due to "dissatisfied distress" from his prolonged absence, but he did not return until his business was done. Deborah Read Franklin died of a stroke on December 14, 1774, while Franklin was on an extended mission to Great Britain; he returned in 1775. In 1730, 24-year-old Franklin publicly acknowledged his illegitimate son William and raised him in his household. William
16856-500: The east end of the fields (the site of Stocking Hall) for the area which now includes Schoellkopf Field and Hoy Field . Athletic buildings constructed in this area include: Schoellkopf Field , with Schoellkopf Memorial Hall (with a 2006 east wing), the Crescent (1914 with an expansion in 1923), and Paul Schoellkopf House for Visiting Teams), Grumman Squash Courts, Teagle Hall, Lynah Hockey Rink , Bacon Cage (since demolished) In
17028-562: The east of the Plant Science Building are Emerson Hall and Bradfield Hall (agronomy), both constructed in 1968 also designed by Ulrich Franzen to complement his MVR north wing. Fernow Hall (1915) was built as consolation by New York State in the wake of the closure of the New York State College of Forestry at Cornell to house an environmental sciences program. Other buildings are: Across Tower Road on
17200-479: The eastern end of the quad, connecting Warren Hall on the north to the Plant Sciences Building on the south, opened in 1952. Between Plant Science and Tower Road is the greenhouses built in 1931 to house Liberty Hide Bailey's palm collection and the Minns Garden. Designed by Gwathmey & Siegel and completed in 1990, Keith Kennedy and the "new" Roberts Halls , featuring an archway that connects
17372-532: The elms which they replaced. The sidewalk on the northern edge is also significant because I.M. Pei aligned window slots in the Art Museum on the sidewalk's axis to preserve a view of West Hill through the museum. The Engineering Quad was designed in the 1940s and 1950s on a site at the south end of the central campus previously occupied by the Old Armory and faculty housing, using a master plan developed by
17544-588: The entire campus is subject to a special class of zoning, land use decisions are largely made internally rather than by the Ithaca zoning process. However, construction or renovation of statutory college buildings are subject to additional planning steps involving the New York State University Construction Fund Office. Cornell has historically been reluctant to demolish its buildings, but has repeatedly renovated and found new uses for old structures. Morrill Hall
17716-641: The extra distance of the veterinary school from the center of the campus, a sound system was installed to amplify the chimes in Uris Library on that campus. Later, the system was extended to also play in the lobby of the Statler Inn.) In 1974, a 125,460 sq ft (11,656 m) Vet Research Tower (originally called the "Multicategorical Research Tower") was added with special central facilities to house animals for lab experiments. Its high-rise design by Ulrich Franzen balances Bradfield Hall. In 1976,
17888-600: The failure of this mission. At this time, many members of the Pennsylvania Assembly were feuding with William Penn's heirs, who controlled the colony as proprietors. After his return to the colony, Franklin led the "anti-proprietary party" in the struggle against the Penn family and was elected Speaker of the Pennsylvania House in May 1764. His call for a change from proprietary to royal government
18060-467: The falls is Beebe Dam and Beebe Lake. At the east end of Beebe Lake is the Sackett footbridge. In October 1898, a Hydraulic Lab was built adjacent to Triphammer Falls to study water purification and water flows from the falls. A flood closed the lab in the 1960s, and the decaying building sat vacant for several decades. Finally in 2009 the building collapsed into the gorge, and not long after the structure
18232-544: The first Masonic book in the Americas, a reprint of James Anderson 's Constitutions of the Free-Masons . He was the secretary of St. John's Lodge in Philadelphia from 1735 to 1738. In January 1738, "Franklin appeared as a witness" in a manslaughter trial against two men who killed "a simple-minded apprentice" named Daniel Rees in a fake Masonic initiation gone wrong. One of the men "threw, or accidentally spilled,
18404-442: The following year he became the publisher of The Pennsylvania Gazette , a newspaper in Philadelphia. The Gazette gave Franklin a forum for agitation about a variety of local reforms and initiatives through printed essays and observations. Over time, his commentary, and his adroit cultivation of a positive image as an industrious and intellectual young man, earned him a great deal of social respect. But even after he achieved fame as
18576-707: The garden included Cannabis plants. In 1978, a new 116,854 sq ft (10,856.1 m) building designed by Ulrich Franzen was built next to the Cornell Veterinary School to house the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research . The need for additional science labs caused the Arts College to expand to the east side of East Avenue, displacing faculty housing. Science buildings, in order of construction, are: Also located in this area are Andrew Dickson White's house ,
18748-502: The human nutrition labs as a link between the main MVR and the north wing, but it opened in 2002, after the north wing was closed. The North wing was demolished in 2006, and construction began in 2008 to replace it with an 88,228-square-foot (8,196.6 m) teaching and laboratory building atop a 290 car parking garage. The lead architect is Darko Hreljanovic, a 1977 graduate of Cornell's architecture college. The new building opened in 2012. To
18920-478: The largest gift ever received by Cornell from an individual at the time. A subsequent $ 30 million commitment in 2021 will name a new multidisciplinary building on campus. As of 2020, the university, which has committed to achieving net carbon neutrality by 2035 is powered by six solar farms, which provide 28 megawatts of power. Cornell is developing an enhanced geothermal system, known as Earth Source Heating, designed to meet campus heating needs. In 2023, Cornell
19092-683: The leading city in the colonies, publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette at age 23. He became wealthy publishing this and Poor Richard's Almanack , which he wrote under the pseudonym "Richard Saunders". After 1767, he was associated with the Pennsylvania Chronicle , a newspaper known for its revolutionary sentiments and criticisms of the policies of the British Parliament and the Crown . He pioneered and
19264-407: The main structure. Early designs extended this space under University Avenue and included windows overlooking Fall Creek gorge. This gallery was not built due to funding. However, in response to a dramatic increase in the museum's collection, an altered version of that addition, totaling 16,000 square feet (1,500 m) of above and below ground space was built to the north of the existing building. It
19436-597: The mid-1750s to the mid-1770s, Franklin spent much of his time in London. In 1757, he was sent to England by the Pennsylvania Assembly as a colonial agent to protest against the political influence of the Penn family , the proprietors of the colony . He remained there for five years, striving to end the proprietors' prerogative to overturn legislation from the elected Assembly and their exemption from paying taxes on their land. His lack of influential allies in Whitehall led to
19608-524: The mid-to-late 20th century cited the document as a reason for overturning obscenity laws and against censorship. In 1736, Franklin created the Union Fire Company , one of the first volunteer firefighting companies in America. In the same year, he printed a new currency for New Jersey based on innovative anti- counterfeiting techniques he had devised. Throughout his career, he was an advocate for paper money , publishing A Modest Enquiry into
19780-616: The nation, its Mathematics and Physical Sciences faculty as sixth-best, and its College of Engineering as fifth-best. In 2000, Cornell began expanding its international programs. In 2004, the university opened Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar in Education City in Al Rayyan , Qatar . The university also developed partnerships with academic institutions in India , the People's Republic of China , and Singapore . In August 2002,
19952-462: The newspaper and had Mrs. Dogood proclaim, quoting Cato's Letters , "Without freedom of thought there can be no such thing as wisdom and no such thing as public liberty without freedom of speech." Franklin left his apprenticeship without his brother's permission, and in so doing became a fugitive. At age 17, Franklin ran away to Philadelphia , seeking a new start in a new city. When he first arrived, he worked in several printing shops there, but he
20124-421: The noted Poor Richard's Almanack (with content both original and borrowed) under the pseudonym Richard Saunders, on which much of his popular reputation is based. He frequently wrote under pseudonyms. The first issue published was for the upcoming year, 1733. He had developed a distinct, signature style that was plain, pragmatic and had a sly, soft but self-deprecating tone with declarative sentences. Although it
20296-606: The office until 1753, when he and publisher William Hunter were named deputy postmasters–general of British North America, the first to hold the office. ( Joint appointments were standard at the time, for political reasons.) He was responsible for the British colonies from Pennsylvania north and east, as far as the island of Newfoundland . A post office for local and outgoing mail had been established in Halifax, Nova Scotia , by local stationer Benjamin Leigh, on April 23, 1754, but service
20468-804: The only remaining faculty residence, now housing the Society for the Humanities , and the Big Red Barn, which was White's horse barn and which is now used as a student center for graduate students. Malott Hall, which was built to house the Business School, now houses the Mathematics Department. Across Forest Home Drive and downhill from these buildings, are the Hydraulics Lab (1896, rebuilt 1961–62, collapsed 2009),
20640-1006: The opportunity to intern in the New York State Legislature in Albany , the state capital. The Cornell in Washington program enables students to spend a semester in Washington, D.C. , participating in research or internships. The Cornell in Rome program allows students to study architecture, urban studies, and the arts in Rome , Italy. The university is also a member of the Laidlaw Scholars program, which provides funding to undergraduates to conduct internationally focused research and foster leadership skills. As New York state's land-grant university , Cornell operates
20812-511: The pamphlet, his views may have played a role in his political defeat in 1764. According to Ralph Frasca, Franklin promoted the printing press as a device to instruct colonial Americans in moral virtue. Frasca argues he saw this as a service to God, because he understood moral virtue in terms of actions, thus, doing good provides a service to God. Despite his own moral lapses, Franklin saw himself as uniquely qualified to instruct Americans in morality. He tried to influence American moral life through
20984-549: The programs in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences . It is a quadrangle east of the Arts Quad and west of the College of Veterinary Medicine . The oldest building still standing on the quad is Caldwell Hall , in the Colonial Revival style, which opened in 1913. The Plant Science Building opened in 1931 and Warren Hall, across from Plant Science, opened in the next year, The art deco style Mann Library on
21156-531: The quad, are Grumman Hall (1957), which was built to house a Graduate School of Aerospace Engineering, and Frank H.T. Rhodes Hall designed by Gwathmey & Siegel (1990), which currently houses the Cornell Theory Center . On the southern end of the Quad, next to Upson and near Cascadilla Creek, are Kimball, Thurston and Bard (1963) Halls, all part of a single brick and concrete structure. Thurston
21328-667: The rebel cause in the American Revolution led to his dismissal on January 31, 1774. On July 26, 1775, the Second Continental Congress established the United States Post Office and named Franklin as the first United States postmaster general . He had been a postmaster for decades and was a natural choice for the position. He had just returned from England and was appointed chairman of a Committee of Investigation to establish
21500-548: The site so the campus evolved based on the hilly terrain and the conflicting visions of its designers, starting with Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White . Over the years, the Buildings and Properties Committee of Cornell's Board of Trustees has maintained the stewardship of campus planning supported by a Vice President for Planning, Planning Office, and in recent years, a university architect. Periodically, outside architects and consultants, beginning with Frederick Law Olmsted , have been commissioned to develop master plans. Because
21672-406: The sky and the scepter from tyrants"). Benjamin Franklin's father, Josiah Franklin , was a tallow chandler , soaper , and candlemaker . Josiah Franklin was born at Ecton, Northamptonshire , England, on December 23, 1657, the son of Thomas Franklin, a blacksmith and farmer, and his wife, Jane White. Benjamin's father and all four of his grandparents were born in England. Josiah Franklin had
21844-440: The south side at the east end of Alumni Fields are: An important factor in the amount of the open space on the central campus was the gift in 1902 of the alumni fields, which the Alumni leveled to provide athletic playing areas in exchange for a promise that it would remain forever open for that purpose. In 1910, the expansion of the Ag School south of Tower Road caused the Trustees and the Alumni Field Committee to agree to exchange
22016-439: The southwest corner of Campus Road and Central Avenue are Anabel Taylor Hall (1953, home of the Cornell United Religious Works, and Myron Taylor Hall (1932, the home of the Law School). They form a harmonious quadrangle in the Collegiate Gothic style. Across Cascadilla Gorge from the Law School, at the edge of College Town, are two major Cornell structures, historic Cascadilla Hall, now serving as an undergraduate dormitory, and
22188-628: The title of "The First American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity . He was the only person to sign the Declaration of Independence, Treaty of Paris , peace with Britain and the Constitution . Foundational in defining the American ethos, Franklin has been called "the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become". His life and legacy of scientific and political achievement, and his status as one of America's most influential Founding Fathers, have seen Franklin honored for more than two centuries after his death on
22360-403: The two halls, extend along the western face of the quad, having replaced the original Roberts Hall (1906) and East Roberts Hall and Stone Hall . The Computing and Communications Center (formerly named Comstock Hall), which was designed by Cornell faculty members Clarence Martin, Jean Hebrard, and George Young, stands between Roberts and Caldwell Halls. The quad now opens toward the south with
22532-436: The university administers three satellite campuses, including two in New York City , the medical school and Cornell Tech , and one in Education City in Al Rayyan , Qatar . Cornell is one of three private land-grant universities in the United States. Among the university's eight undergraduate colleges, four are state-supported statutory or contract colleges through the State University of New York system, including
22704-418: The university became one of the first universities in the nation to include alumni-elected representatives on its board of trustees. Cornell University is home to Cornell University Press , founded in 1869. Cornell was first home to the Cornell Era , a weekly campus publication founded in 1868. In 1880, it was replaced with the founding of The Cornell Daily Sun , an independent student-run newspaper, which
22876-414: The university development program in Ithaca and New York City, each college and program has its own staffed fundraising programs. Cornell University has a robust fundraising program , and it has been the recipient of several sizable private donations, which have enabled the university to expand its reach, create new programs, and drive advancements in education and research. In 1998, Weill Cornell Medicine
23048-520: The university. White agreed to be Cornell University's first president. White spent the first three years at Cornell University overseeing construction of the university's first two buildings, and he traveled to recruit promising students and faculty . On October 7, 1868, Cornell University was inaugurated, and 412 male students were enrolled the following day. Cornell developed as a technologically innovative institution, applying its academic research to its own campus and to outreach efforts. In 1883, it
23220-419: The useless visitors who waste her valuable time, is related to the women who address Mr. Spectator. The Busy-Body himself is a true Censor Morum, as Isaac Bickerstaff had been in the Tatler . And a number of the fictitious characters, Ridentius, Eugenius, Cato, and Cretico, represent traditional 18th-century classicism. Even this Franklin could use for contemporary satire, since Cretico, the "sowre Philosopher,"
23392-404: The whole. This did not suffice, however. Franklin conceived the idea of a subscription library , which would pool the funds of the members to buy books for all to read. This was the birth of the Library Company of Philadelphia , whose charter he composed in 1731. Upon Denham's death, Franklin returned to his former trade. In 1728, he set up a printing house in partnership with Hugh Meredith ;
23564-506: The widow, Elizabeth Timothy , took over and made it a success. She was one of the colonial era's first woman printers. For three decades Franklin maintained a close business relationship with her and her son Peter Timothy , who took over the South Carolina Gazette in 1746. The Gazette was impartial in political debates, while creating the opportunity for public debate, which encouraged others to challenge authority. Timothy avoided blandness and crude bias and, after 1765, increasingly took
23736-417: Was "the sort of rebel destined to transform colonial America." As clerk of the court , he was arrested on February 10, 1676, and jailed on February 19 for his inability to pay bail. He spent over a year and a half in jail. Franklin was born on Milk Street in Boston , Province of Massachusetts Bay on January 17, 1706, and baptized at the Old South Meeting House in Boston. As a child growing up along
23908-538: Was Josiah Franklin's fifteenth child overall, and his tenth and final son. Benjamin Franklin's mother, Abiah, was born in Nantucket , Massachusetts Bay Colony , on August 15, 1667, to Peter Folger , a miller and schoolteacher, and his wife, Mary Morrell Folger , a former indentured servant . Mary Folger came from a Puritan family that was among the first Pilgrims to flee to Massachusetts for religious freedom , sailing for Boston in 1635 after King Charles I of England had begun persecuting Puritans. Her father Peter
24080-527: Was Miller-designed Boardman Hall, constructed to house the Law School in 1892, anchored the south end of the Quad until it was demolished in 1959. At the center of the Arts Quad are statues of Cornell and White facing each other from the western and eastern edges of the quad. In 1959, Boardman Hall was demolished and replaced with the 240,026 sq ft (22,299.1 m) John M. Olin Graduate Library (1960), designed by Warner, Burns, Toan & Lunde. The Carl Kroch Library, which opened on August 24, 1992,
24252-457: Was a discussion group for issues of the day; it subsequently gave rise to many organizations in Philadelphia. The Junto was modeled after English coffeehouses that Franklin knew well and which had become the center of the spread of Enlightenment ideas in Britain. Reading was a great pastime of the Junto, but books were rare and expensive. The members created a library, initially assembled from their own books, after Franklin wrote: A proposition
24424-446: Was a rare political miscalculation, however: Pennsylvanians worried that such a move would endanger their political and religious freedoms. Because of these fears and because of political attacks on his character, Franklin lost his seat in the October 1764 Assembly elections. The anti-proprietary party dispatched him to England again to continue the struggle against the Penn family proprietorship. During this trip, events drastically changed
24596-501: Was active in community affairs and colonial and state politics, as well as national and international affairs. Franklin became a hero in America when, as an agent in London for several colonies, he spearheaded the repeal of the unpopular Stamp Act by the British Parliament. An accomplished diplomat, he was widely admired as the first U.S. ambassador to France and was a major figure in the development of positive Franco–American relations . His efforts proved vital in securing French aid for
24768-432: Was an American polymath : a leading writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and political philosopher . Among the most influential intellectuals of his time, Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States ; a drafter and signer of the Declaration of Independence ; and the first postmaster general . Franklin became a successful newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia,
24940-421: Was available on the campus, so parking was not a major issue. A trolley line from downtown crossed the campus to provide public transportation. Later, a statute gave Cornell the power to regulate parking and traffic on its campus. The general trend has been to preserve the central campus as a pedestrian space, and parking lots have been eliminated and used as sites for new buildings. In 1969, daytime traffic across
25112-427: Was awarded an honorary Master of Arts degree from the College of William & Mary . Later in 1756, Franklin organized the Pennsylvania Militia . He used Tun Tavern as a gathering place to recruit a regiment of soldiers to go into battle against the Native American uprisings that beset the American colonies. Well known as a printer and publisher, Franklin was appointed postmaster of Philadelphia in 1737, holding
25284-429: Was born in October 1732 and died of smallpox in 1736. Their daughter, Sarah "Sally" Franklin , was born in 1743 and eventually married Richard Bache . Deborah's fear of the sea meant that she never accompanied Franklin on any of his extended trips to Europe; another possible reason why they spent much time apart is that he may have blamed her for possibly preventing their son Francis from being inoculated against
25456-445: Was born on February 22, 1730, but his mother's identity is unknown. He was educated in Philadelphia and beginning at about age 30 studied law in London in the early 1760s. William himself fathered an illegitimate son, William Temple Franklin , born on the same day and month: February 22, 1760. The boy's mother was never identified, and he was placed in foster care. In 1762, the elder William Franklin married Elizabeth Downes, daughter of
25628-553: Was chartered by an act of the New York State Legislature (Chapter 585 of the Laws of 1865) which was later codified into Article 115 (sections 5701 through 5716) of the Education Law of the Consolidated Laws of New York . Cornell University is governed by a 64-member board of trustees, which includes both privately and publicly appointed trustees appointed by the Governor of New York , alumni-elected trustees, faculty-elected trustees, student-elected trustees, and non-academic staff-elected trustees. The Governor, Temporary President of
25800-458: Was designed by Pritzker Prize winning architect Thom Mayne . The budgeted cost of the building was $ 60 million to complete and was funded entirely from outside sources without the need for any additional debt. Gates Hall is expected to earn at least silver LEED certification. Occupancy of the building began in early 2014 and the building was dedicated in October 2014. The Agriculture Quadrangle ( Ag Quad ) contains buildings which house many of
25972-414: Was designed by the original building's architects at Pei Cobb Freed & Partners, including the original architect-in-charge, Cornell alumnus John L. Sullivan, III and opened in October 2011. Previously, Morse Hall stood next to Franklin/Tjaden Hall, but it was destroyed by a fire in 1916. Minor support buildings include Rand Hall (1911) designed by Gibb and Waltz and the Foundry (1883). Milstein Hall,
26144-597: Was founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White . Since its founding, Cornell has been a co-educational and nonsectarian institution. As of fall 2023, the student body included 16,071 undergraduate and 10,207 graduate students from all 50 U.S. states and 130 countries. The university is organized into eight undergraduate colleges and seven graduate divisions on its main Ithaca campus. Each college and academic division has near autonomy in defining its respective admission standards and academic curriculum . In addition to its primary campus in Ithaca,
26316-485: Was founded on April 27, 1865, by Ezra Cornell , an entrepreneur and New York State Senator , and Andrew Dickson White , an educator and also a New York State Senator, after the New York State legislature authorized the university as the state's land grant institution. Ezra Cornell offered his farm in Ithaca, New York as a preliminary site for the university, and granted $ 500,000 of his personal fortune as an initial endowment (equivalent to $ 12,373,000 in 2023) to
26488-418: Was irregular. Franklin opened the first post office to offer regular, monthly mail in Halifax on December 9, 1755. Meantime, Hunter became postal administrator in Williamsburg, Virginia , and oversaw areas south of Annapolis, Maryland . Franklin reorganized the service's accounting system and improved speed of delivery between Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. By 1761, efficiencies led to the first profits for
26660-440: Was made by me that since our books were often referr'd to in our disquisitions upon the inquiries, it might be convenient for us to have them altogether where we met, that upon occasion they might be consulted; and by thus clubbing our books to a common library, we should, while we lik'd to keep them together, have each of us the advantage of using the books of all the other members, which would be nearly as beneficial as if each owned
26832-611: Was no secret that he was the author, his Richard Saunders character repeatedly denied it. "Poor Richard's Proverbs," adages from this almanac, such as "A penny saved is twopence dear" (often misquoted as "A penny saved is a penny earned") and "Fish and visitors stink in three days," remain common quotations in the modern world. Wisdom in folk society meant the ability to provide an apt adage for any occasion, and his readers became well prepared. He sold about ten thousand copies per year—it became an institution. In 1741, Franklin began publishing The General Magazine and Historical Chronicle for all
27004-419: Was not satisfied by the immediate prospects in any of these jobs. After a few months, while working in one printing house, Pennsylvania governor Sir William Keith convinced him to go to London, ostensibly to acquire the equipment necessary for establishing another newspaper in Philadelphia. Discovering that Keith's promises of backing a newspaper were empty, he worked as a typesetter in a printer's shop in what
27176-485: Was one of the first university campuses to utilize electricity developed from a water-powered dynamo to light its campus. Since 1894, Cornell has included colleges that are state-funded and fulfill state statutory requirements; it has also administered research and extension activities that have been jointly funded by New York state and U.S. federal government matching funds. Beginning with its first classes, Cornell University has had active and engaged alumni. In 1872,
27348-406: Was originally a women's dormitory and is now home to the Business School ), Day Hall (the administration building), corten steel -clad Uris Hall (social sciences), Statler Hall (which houses the Hotel School ), Irving Ives Hall (which houses the Industrial and Labor Relations School ), and Barton Hall , the armory/drill hall. The ILR extension building, located between Ives and Barton Halls,
27520-453: Was pending, second year architecture students used rented studio space on Esty Street. The landscaping of the Arts Quad is mostly informal and was historically dominated by towering elm trees. After Dutch elm disease swept the campus, a new row of Zelcova trees was planted in the 1970s along the sidewalk on the eastern edge of the quad. These trees were selected for their vase shape (which are similar to elms trees), but grow much slower than
27692-446: Was placed under house arrest at his home in Perth Amboy for six months. After the Declaration of Independence , he was formally taken into custody by order of the Provincial Congress of New Jersey , an entity which he refused to recognize, regarding it as an "illegal assembly." He was incarcerated in Connecticut for two years, in Wallingford and Middletown , and, after being caught surreptitiously engaging Americans into supporting
27864-490: Was removed completely. Adjacent to the Johnson Art Museum is a pedestrian suspension bridge (1960) designed by Dean S.C. Hollister and William McGuire. It replaces an earlier version constructed in 1913. Adjacent to the dam is another pedestrian bridge which was originally constructed to serve the trolley lines. Cornell University Cornell University is a private Ivy League land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York , United States. The university
28036-435: Was renamed Dolgen Hall in 2008. Dolgen Hall as well as the southwest portion of Ives Hall were built to house the Veterinary School until 1957. The open spaces in the area are enhanced by the "Wee Stinky Glen", a creek and ravine, Ho Plaza on a portion of what was Central Avenue, George Peter Plaza (between Statler and Uris Halls), the Ruth Uris Garden, the Livingston Farrand Garden, and the Mary Rockwell Azalea Garden. On
28208-410: Was renamed in recognition of 1955 Cornell alumnus Sanford I. Weill , former chairman and CEO of Citibank , and his wife, following their $ 100 million donation to the university. As of 2013, the Weills have provided over $ 600 million in total donations to the university. Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 [ O.S. January 6, 1705] – April 17, 1790)
28380-407: Was restored to its rightful place on the quad (after having been stored in Upson Hall during the construction period). Also, modern and open collaborative working spaces were introduced with the construction of a large atrium connecting Duffield, which houses research and teaching facilities for nanoscale science and engineering, with Phillips and Upson (1956) Halls. Connected to Upson Hall, away from
28552-410: Was selected as a councilman; in June 1749, he became a justice of the peace for Philadelphia; and in 1751, he was elected to the Pennsylvania Assembly. On August 10, 1753, he was appointed deputy postmaster-general of British North America . His service in domestic politics included reforming the postal system, with mail sent out every week. In 1751, Franklin and Thomas Bond obtained a charter from
28724-556: Was selected to design Cornell Tech's first building. In addition to the tech campus and medical center, Cornell maintains local offices in New York City for some of its service programs. The Cornell Urban Scholars Program encourages students to pursue public service careers, arranging assignments with organizations working with New York City's poorest children, families, and communities. The College of Human Ecology and College of Agriculture and Life Sciences enable students to reach out to local communities by gardening and building with
28896-460: Was ten. He worked for his father for a time, and at 12 he became an apprentice to his brother James, a printer, who taught him the printing trade. When Benjamin was 15, James founded The New-England Courant , which was the third newspaper founded in Boston. When denied the chance to write a letter to the paper for publication, Franklin adopted the pseudonym of " Silence Dogood ," a middle-aged widow. Mrs. Dogood's letters were published and became
29068-510: Was the "Association Battery" or "Grand Battery" of 50 guns. In 1747, Franklin (already a very wealthy man) retired from printing and went into other businesses. He formed a partnership with his foreman, David Hall , which provided Franklin with half of the shop's profits for 18 years. This lucrative business arrangement provided leisure time for study, and in a few years he had made many new discoveries. Franklin became involved in Philadelphia politics and rapidly progressed. In October 1748, he
29240-413: Was the first president of the Academy and College of Philadelphia , which opened in 1751 and later became the University of Pennsylvania. He organized and was the first secretary of the American Philosophical Society and was elected its president in 1769. He was appointed deputy postmaster-general for the British colonies in 1753, which enabled him to set up the first national communications network. He
29412-431: Was the first university in the nation to commit to Kyoto Protocol emission reductions. The same year, a concert held at Barton Hall by Dead & Company raised $ 3.1 million for MusiCares and the Cornell 2030 Project, two organizations which have contributed to the establishment of the Climate Solutions Fund and aims to catalyze large-scale, impactful climate research across the university, which will be administered by
29584-443: Was to be completed in a few years. Cornell University owns and operates a variety of off-campus research facilities and offers study abroad and scholarship programs. These facilities and programs contribute to the university's research endeavors and provide students with unique learning opportunities. Cornell's off-campus research facilities include Shoals Marine Laboratory, a seasonal marine field station on Appledore Island off
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