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71-571: The most progressed plans for a second high-speed line were for the Honam high-speed railway, a connection from Seoul to Mokpo in southwest Korea, accelerating the service on the existing route that was eventually established in KTX's first phase. The first feasibility study in 2003 came to the conclusion that the construction of a full line is not justified by demand, and proposed a two-stage construction. The first stage, to be realised by 2015, would involve

142-515: A KBS documentary, coastal and offshore areas of Mokpo witnessed superior productivity of crops, and important shipping routes to Naju were established along the Yeongsan River. What is today known as Mokpo had its origins in the Goryeo period . That dynasty's founder, Wang Geon , was serving as a general for later Goguryeo (also known as Taebong ), ruled by Gung Ye . Taebong covered

213-598: A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Ministry of Environment of South Korea to develop a less pollutant-emitting process. The project also includes a publicity campaign to raise public awareness on environmental issues and their effect on rare species. Mokpo is made up of sparsely populated farmland, with 1,326 households under a half hectare. The area produces high quantities of rice, barley, and beans, with greens and fruits such as tomatoes, cucumbers, and oriental melons increasing in popularity since 2001. Ships from

284-558: A brand of soju from the Honam area, of which the best selling product is maple soju ( 잎새주 ), the first company to using maple in the brewing of soju. Bohae also entered into a joint development with Asahi Breweries in Japan to expand its soju production operations. In 2008, Bohae became the first Korean brewing company to open up wine sales in the United States, with the exportation of its Rugby Ball wine. Another major company

355-403: A city or region. In recent years, many cities have set modal share targets for balanced and sustainable transport modes, particularly 30% of non-motorized ( cycling and walking ) and 30% of public transport . These goals reflect a desire for a modal shift , or a change between modes, and usually encompasses an increase in the proportion of trips made using sustainable modes. Modal share data

426-530: A connection from a second Seoul terminus in the southeast part of the city to the Gyeongbu HSR, and a branch from the Gyeongbu HSR to Iksan , paralleling the existing Honam Line. The second phase, to be realised by 2020, would include the separate tracks on the section paralleling the Gyeongbu Line, and the extension from Iksan to Gwangju and Mokpo, paralleling the existing Honam Line. The cost of

497-633: A half of the original estimate, but rose significantly in the second and third year. In its first year of operation, the Honam KTX service also underperformed in seat occupation relative to the Gyeongbu KTX service. By 2005, KTX fares were selectively reduced for relations under-performing most, especially on the Honam Line: Following general ticket price increases and the separation of weekday and weekend fares, as of November 2010,

568-566: A hub for many groups supporting the people of Gwangju. On 1 October 1997, Mokpo celebrated its centennial as a port city, and announced the second opening of the port. Mokpo is the hometown of former President Kim Dae-jung , who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001. Following the sinking of MV Sewol on 16 April 2014, the ship was moved to Mokpo for salvage operations. Mokpo began its local government in 1994. In July 1995 it inaugurated its first mayor, Gwon I Dam, who had been

639-521: A long-term project. However, in December the same year, in the light of low approval in the affected provinces, the government reversed its stance and agreed to complete the project to Gwangju by 2015. In plans made official in August 2006 in spite of a benefit–cost ratio below 1, the budget for the 182.75 km (113.56 mi) first stage (from the new Osong station on the Gyeongbu HSR to Gwangju)

710-516: A plan to merge into one central government, but the plan was voted down due to objections from the community. In 2007, the population of Mokpo had increased to 90,000 households, with an average of 2.7 people per household. The population density was the 10th highest in South Korea, and it was the second fastest-growing region (after Gyeonggi Province ). In 2010, the Bank of Korea reported that

781-583: A series of investors for renewable energy companies like solar panels. Innovation Silicon Ltd, invested 10bn won in developing a silicon producing complex. Mokpo sits at the southern end of the Muan peninsula, although the city lies within Sinan county, which mostly consists of 1004 islands. Its neighbor, Muan county, extends northeastward, separated from Mokpo by the Yeongsan river. Yudal mountain (228m) sits at

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852-543: A significant outflow of the population of the city. This resulted in the city council adopting a bylaw to support the old downtown area, however, the outward flow has only worsened. Economic power has been notably imbalanced by the opening of Lotte Mart in 2001 and E-Mart in 2002. Home plus is the solitary large-scale market in Mokpo, located in old downtown near the Munhwa broadcasting corporation. The one exception to

923-494: A similar modal share target plan in 2005. The modal share differs considerably depending on each city in the developing world. According to UNECE, the global on-road vehicle fleet is to double by 2050 (from 1,2 billion to 2,5 billion, see introduction), with most future car purchases taking place in developing countries. Some experts even mention that the number of vehicles in developing countries will increase by 4 or 5-fold by 2050 (compared to current car use levels), and that

994-548: A son, who eventually became Hyejong of Goryeo . In 1439, 21 years after King Sejong of the Joseon Dynasty came to power, the Mokpo garrison (jin) was established, which was designed to control twelve offshore islands. During the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) , Admiral Yi Sun-sin established a garrison of naval forces at Mokpo and the island of Goha, to secure a base for provisions and ship repairs, such as

1065-667: Is Haengnam chinaware, established in May 1942. Its headquarters is in Mokpo, with two other branches, one in Seoul for design and public relations, and another in Yeoju for production. In 1953, the company was the first in Korea to develop coffee cup sets. In 1963, they began trade in Hong Kong, with exports to China growing to more than 2 million dollars in 2008. In 2011, its president signed

1136-539: Is a government-funded school specializing in maritime-related studies. Mokpo Catholic University was established in 1967 as Sungshin Nursing College, and later expanded its vocational training to include other fields. The harbor began operations earlier than other port cities on the Korean peninsula, allowing the city to experience growth, whereas growth in the country since its independence has concentrated on

1207-534: Is based on the Urban Audit The Charter of Brussels , signed by 36 cities including Brussels, Ghent, Milan, Munich, Seville, Edinburgh, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Gdansk, and Timișoara, commits the signatories to achieve at least 15% of bicycling modal share by 2020, and calls upon European institutions to do likewise. The cycling modal share is strongly associated with the size of local cycling infrastructure . The Canadian city of Hamilton adopted

1278-498: Is financed to 50% by direct government funds and 50% loans. By December 2009, construction began on three sub-sections of the 182 km (113 mi) line from Osong to Gwangju, which shall enable Seoul–Gwangju travel times of 1 hour 30 minutes. The ground-breaking ceremony was held at Gwangju·Songjeong Station in the attendance of President Lee Myung-bak on December 4, 2009, when total project costs were estimated at 11.3 trillion won (US$ 9.8 billion). As of September 2010, progress

1349-649: Is home to attractions such as the Mokpo Natural History Museum and the National Maritime Museum . To live up to its name as a coastal city, the city's traditional dishes include a variety of seafood dishes , including raw croaker, braised hairtail, skate, and seasoned crab. Mokpo means literally "tree harbor". This terminology initially appeared in the Goryeosa ( History of Goryeo ). Therefore, some historians argue that

1420-523: Is located near the mountain Yudalsan , in the southwestern part of the city. The railroad ends inside the station, although a freight-only line continued on to Samhakdo, carrying coal for the industrial factories. Because of potential danger, the city removed the rail extension in 2011. On 1 April 2004, Korea Train Express advertised a three-hour travel time from Seoul to Mokpo, however, the actual time

1491-414: Is the terminus for a number of ferry routes serving islands in the adjacent Yellow Sea and Dadohae National Maritime Park . To the southwest of the city is Yudalsan Mountain, which is surrounded by strange cliffs like a wall. There are six manned and five uninhabited islands. The Mokpo Special Tourist Zone covers 6.9 km from the northern port to Yudalsan, Old Town Area, Samhakdo, and Gatbawi . It

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1562-677: Is today Mokpo City. Following Order Number 11 of the General Japanese Government of Korea, Muan county incorporated Jido, Palguem, and Docho, which were the other areas formerly comprising Mokpo-bu. During the Japanese colonial period, Mokpo's harbor was used to forcibly export the produce of the region. In 1918, the colonists established ginning facilities for manufacturing large amounts of goods in both Mokpo and Iri (current Iksan in North Jeolla province). In 1932,

1633-463: Is usually obtained by travel surveys, which are often conducted by local governments, using different methodologies. Sampling and interviewing techniques, definitions, the extent of geographical areas and other methodological differences can influence comparability. Most typical surveys refer to the main mode of transport used during trips to work. Surveys covering entire metropolitan areas are preferred over city proper surveys which typically cover only

1704-494: The Korean War , however, the route was cut off at Imjingak near the truce village of Panmunjeom . It was not until 2000 when Route 1 was extended to North Korea's second largest city, Gaesung . Two companies provide most of the bus service in the local area. Since 2005, the companies and the city council agreed to expand the number of buses fueled by natural gas (NG), following a 3-year negotiation. The city agreed to assist

1775-662: The Yeongnam area, where trade with Japan and Russia are viable due to the access of coastal routes. The addition of the Chinese economy into the local trade prospects increases the city's potential as a trade center via the Yellow Sea . Until late 1980s, commerce had been concentrated around the original downtown near Mokpo Station . In the late 1990s, large residential areas were built in Yeonsan dong and Hadang, resulting in

1846-489: The turtle ships , also known as the geobukseon and panokseon . On 1 October 1897, Mokpo became an open port, fifteen years after the opening of the port of Incheon . For Japan, Mokpo held a geographical advantage being located midway between Nagasaki , Japan, and the Chinese mainland . Japan also valued Mokpo for its proximity to the abundant crops of the Jeolla provinces. After its opening, housing for Japanese settlers

1917-597: The Daebul industrial complex and Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries located near Yeongam . The imports of merchandise support the local economy of Mokpo as they pass through its harbor. The Halla group was the initial owners of Heavy Industries, until they were taken over by Hyundai, which changed the company name to Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries, with Samho meaning three lakes. By 2007, corporate profits amounted to more than 460 million, an increase of about 25% over those from 2006. South Jeolla province succeeded in attracting

1988-470: The Democratic Party, which the courts subsequently rejected. Jeon Tae Hong, the next mayor, made some important contributions to Mokpo's government, but he died suddenly in 2005. Following his death, Jeong Jong Deuk was elected mayor, promising protection of the tourism industry. Once in office, Deuk responded to concerns about the depressed condition of the old downtown area by establishing

2059-616: The Gyeongbu HSR and Gwangju·Songjeong. By 2017, the service will transfer to the new line on the remaining section to Mokpo, too. Mokpo Mokpo ( Korean :  목포 ; Korean pronunciation: [mok̚.pʰo] ) is the third largest and most densely populated city in South Jeolla Province , South Korea, located at the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula , close to Yudal mountain . Mokpo has frequent high-speed train services to Seoul , and

2130-499: The Office of Original City Replanning and adopted the slogan "City of Light." Deuk was re-elected in 2006 and, during his second term, the city received several civil and tourism awards. He faced criticism from the local press regarding Mokpo's ability to draw people into the city and changing the attitudes regarding the city's imbalanced economy. Another dispute arose in 2009, when non-governmental organizations based in Mokpo sued

2201-518: The Yeongsan river crossed the central area of old downtown. This can be seen in the historic names of the Mokone Dong area: Namgyo-dong (southern side of bridge) and Bukgyo-dong (Northern side of bridge). Both names contained "gyo" ( Korean :  교 ; Hanja :  橋 ), meaning the bridge, indicating a bridge used to link the areas. Tideland reclamation projects removed large amounts of mud flats , including Daebandong, Baekryundong and

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2272-495: The airport was constructed, and Mokpo Airport closed its doors in November 9, 2007. Modal share A modal share (also called mode split , mode-share , or modal split ) is the percentage of travelers using a particular type of transportation or number of trips using said type. In freight transportation , this may be measured in mass . Modal share is an important component in developing sustainable transport within

2343-412: The center of old downtown, and is a source of pride within the city. Its nickname is Gaegol ( Korean :  개골 ), meaning weird-shaped rocks and peaks. The side of the mountain caused roads around the downtown area to have a hilly aspect. Nojeokbong is a historic site where General Yi Soon Shin made use of its shape during the Japanese invasion . The city has small mountains nearby: Mt. Ibam (121m) to

2414-420: The central area of the Korean peninsula including current-day Gaeseong , which was then called Song'ak. As a naval power, Wang Geon was ordered to attack the kingdom of Later Baekje , which, like later Goguryeo, was a kingdom which emerged after the disintegration of Unified Silla . The operation met fairly successful results. During this time, Wang Geon met his second queen, Queen Janghwa , with whom he had

2485-523: The city experiences more than 30 days of snow, and 60 days below 0 °C (32 °F). Mokpo sometimes falls within the range of passing typhoons, and may suffer peripheral damage, including heavy precipitation during the summer and early autumn. In 2004, Typhoon Mindulle gave Mokpo a record rainfall of 64 millimetres (2.5 in) per hour. Mokpo station opened 15 May 1913, it is the final destination of Honam Line and accommodates over 1.2 million annually, as well as cargo shipments. The station

2556-517: The city incorporated parts of Muan, becoming the 6th largest city in the Korean peninsula with a population of 60,000. Indigenous products were cloth, rice, salt, and coastal foods. The harbor played an important role, supplying goods to Japan, including large quantities of cotton. In 1949, Mokpo-Bu was redesignated Mokpo City, after the government altered the administrative region. In 1973 and 1987, large areas were added to Mokpo city, including one of

2627-625: The city of Goyang . The Seohaean Expressway connects Mokpo to Seoul via a 4-hour car ride. The Muan-Gwangju Expressway was opened in 2008 to ease access to the Muan International Airport. In 2012, the Mokpo to Gwangyang Highway opened, connecting the eastern and western ends of South Jeolla Province , as well as continuing on to Busan . National Route 1 was planned to connect Mokpo to Sineuju in North Korea. After

2698-512: The city's name referred to trees within the region of the port of Mokpo. Another theory suggests that the "mok" in the city's name refers to "the throat," a metaphor for the importance of the city's location as an entrance to the Yellow Sea . Mokpo belonged to the Mahan confederacy during the early era of the three Han confederacies during the Samhan period, and was called Mul'ahye-gun while under

2769-427: The coastal shore around Gatbawi. Additionally, the municipal boundaries include 7 desert islands . The wall at the end of the Yeongsan river prevented damage from flooding during harsh typhoons. Meanwhile, the water quality of the river has worsened to the point where the ministry in charge of environmental protection began studying the impacts made by man-made structures. In 2010, the ministry's report recommended that

2840-576: The colonial institution, the Oriental Development Company . Mokpo's status as an open port made it a viable option to use the nearby county of Wando as a link to the region's many offshore islands. In 1914, the completion of the Honam railway line connected the city to Daejeon . On 1 April 1914, the county of Mokpo-bu was divided into several administrative sections. Only the county's urban downtown area, Bunae-myeon, became what

2911-520: The commuting system of Seoul Buses . Buses with a low-floor level were first deployed in South Jeolla province in 2007, although they still remain in limited service. Since 2008, a semi-public bus system has been explored, with the intent of expanding the role of the city government in determining bus routes. The core goal is to share responsibility for operations as well as control over spending and income. However, NGOs have withheld support for

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2982-549: The companies with a 21,000 US dollar per bus subsidy for each bus equipped with the NG equipment. As of 2006, 32 buses had been retrofitted with the natural gas equipment. The growing suburbs around the city created a demand for additional lines, but there is conflict between the needs of the city and the profit margin of those new lines. Riders may transfer between buses, free of charge, beginning on 1 March 2007. The lines are classified as inner circle, outer line and artery, which follows

3053-562: The control of the Baekje kingdom. After Silla defeated Baekje, Mokpo's region was absorbed, and its name was changed to Myeonju. In 946, its name was once again changed to Mullyang-gun, and it became part of the Muan prefecture, in the Haeyang province. At the time, the prefecture of Muan referred to a much larger area, which incorporated not only Mokpo but also the area currently called Muan and several islands of Sinan county . According to

3124-520: The conventional Honam Line, the Honam KTX service gained market share mostly at the expense of conventional trains, while the total share of rail was stagnant on some relations. By 2008, between Yongsan and the cities mid-way along the Honam Line, rail's total modal share passed 50%. Strong gains at the expense of air transport and private cars were seen between Yongsan and Honam KTX service endpoints Mokpo and Gwangju, too. Starting from April 2011,

3195-474: The declining economy of the city are the fish markets of Dongmyeong and North Harbor which have been a magnet for tourists and local people looking for octopus or other indigenous products. The economic bureau of the city has spent ₩300 million on promoting the market since early 2009. Companies with operations in Mokpo include the Bohae brewing company and Haengnam chinaware . Bohae Brewing Company produces

3266-408: The denser inner city. The following tables present the modal split of journeys to work. Note that it is better to use a measure of all trips on a typical weekday, but journey to work data is more readily available. It would also be beneficial to disaggregate private motor vehicles figures to car driver, car passengers and motorbikes (especially relevant for Asian cities). Notes: European data

3337-450: The east, and Yangeul (156m) and Daebak (156m) to the north. The mouth of the Yeongsan River flows along the southern side of the city, containing 13 islands. The existence of a natural seawall created a natural safe harbor. Most of the area of Mokpo consists of land reclamation , including Samhakdo, North harbor ( Korean :  북항 ), and the new city of Hadang. According to the research by Mokpo National University, tributaries of

3408-515: The entire project was estimated at 10,378.6 trillion won. On January 14, 2005, Prime Minister Lee Hae Chan met local representatives in Gwangju, who requested an early implementation of the project. Lee pointed to the failure of the first phase of the KTX in meeting ridership forecasts during its first months, expressed skepticism regarding the profitability of the Honam HSR, and described it as

3479-537: The first secondary-level school. Its name was later changed to Jeonnam Jeil High School. Former president Kim Dae Jung graduated from Jeil. Mokpo National University (MNU) became a nationally supported school in 1976, after 30 years of existence. The school has become regionally famous for its shipbuilding research and other culturally related fields of study. A 2007 study of national universities ranked MNU highly, equal with Seoul National University and Jeonnam National University . Mokpo National Maritime University

3550-520: The following stations: The frequency of Honam HSR services was increased in steps from the initial 34 daily runs in 2004, and changes between a minimum 38 services a day on weekdays and a maximum 40 on weekends from the November 1, 2010 timetable. The predicted first-year average daily ridership of the Honam KTX Line was raised from 22,818 in a November 1999 estimate to 36,085 in the final August 2003 forecast. Actual first-year numbers were about

3621-400: The government to disclose information about budgetary spending, which had been controlled by a city committee chosen by the mayor. The courts sided with the organizations, saying that the budget plan should be reported and monitored. In 2004, civil groups promoted merging the three adjacent communities: Sinan, Muan and Mokpo. On 25 September 2009, the city council of Mokpo officially submitted

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3692-458: The harbor often travel to Heuksando to fish for skate and hairtail. Mokpo's yield of marine products reached 26,862 tons in 2006, consisting chiefly of fish, with of shellfish, mollusks, and seaweeds also contributing to the total. Mokpo is known for its harvest of small octopus, although this has declined in recent years. The number of fishermen had dropped to fewer than 3,000, but has been rising since 2007. The regional economy relies heavily on

3763-405: The idea, resulting in the policy having not been implemented. Muan International Airport is the airport serving Mokpo. Previously, Mokpo Airport operated as the region's airport. The crash of Asiana Airlines Flight 733 in 1993 increased concerns about the airport, resulting in extending the runway by 100 meters. However, the site still had fundamental drawbacks due to common foggy weather and

3834-554: The lack of related facilities. Korean Air abolished the Gimpo-Mokpo route and Asiana Airlines started to slash services in 2004 with the removal of the Mokpo-Jeju route. The airline companies announced deficits due to the high-speed railroad. The alternative to Mokpo Airport was Muan International Airport, whose construction was delayed for many years, leading to disappointment among the local people. Eventually, however,

3905-484: The most famous tourist spots, Samhakdo (Three Crane Island). Samhakdo was reclaimed by connecting a series of islands, a process of landfill operations which lasted from 1968 to 1973. The island is divided into three major sections, and over six years the city constructed five bridges to link those three sections. In 2000, the city initiated a plan to restore a naturalized island for tourism, which brought tremendous criticism from environmental groups. On 1 March 2007, Samhakdo

3976-557: The new Jeolla KTX service will share tracks with the Honam KTX until Iksan, and diverge from there to reach Yeosu along the Jeolla Line . Korail also plans to run some through KTX services to Incheon International Airport on the AREX line from 2012. The planned travel time between Incheon International Airport and Gwangju is 3 hours. From 2014, the Honam KTX Line is to transfer to the future Honam High Speed Railway between Osong on

4047-475: The population of western South Jeolla province was declining due to several economic, social and educational issues. One of the oldest elementary schools, Bukgyo, was established in 1897 for the aristocracy during the Joseon period, following Order No. 145 of Gojong . However, after its annexation by Japan, education in Mokpo was directed towards Japanese students. Mokpo Commercial High School opened in 1920 as

4118-474: The president of the Munhwa broadcasting corporation. The city's lack of supply in the past caused Gwon to focus on improving the city's water supplies. In 2000, the mayor officially provided aid for North Korea in the form of rice shipments. However, Gwon came into conflict with the leaders of the Democratic Party over fair election practices, causing him to leave the party. He filed a lawsuit against

4189-467: The price of rice in Jeolla province doubled as a result. After 1905, the influx of Japanese settlers increased and they expanded into Geumhwa-dong, where many cherry trees were planted along the street. Japanese called this area "Sakuramachi", which means "the downtown of cherry blossom trees." With Korea's full annexation by Japan in 1910, the city was given a new name, Mokpo-bu, and saw the construction of

4260-464: The project by 3 years (with the first section finished by 2012). While this date was deemed unrealistic by the responsible ministry, a one-year acceleration (first phase in 2014) was announced in January 2009. The Osong-Iksan section of the first phase is also intended for use as high-speed test track for rolling stock development, to be fitted with special catenary and instrumented track. The project

4331-441: The rest of Sinan County, has the highest level of sunlight in Korea, enabling more efficient use of solar energy plants and related energy sources. The frequency of yellow dust is quite similar to that of other cities like Seoul and Incheon , occurring about 10–11 days per year. The climate of Mokpo is a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa ). Unexpected blizzards can sweep the region with strong gusts during winter, and

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4402-412: The seawall should be widened and that the dirty water be pumped out of the riverbeds into the harbor. Mokpo's weather station was built along with five other sites in Korea, and began observing weather conditions on 25 March 1904. Mokpo's climate features a short spring and autumn, and it is cold and dry in the winter and warm and humid with seasonal winds in the summer. There is also significant rain in

4473-545: The shortest rail travel time between the capital and Mokpo was reduced from 4 hours 32 minutes to 2 hours 58 minutes. between Seoul and Gwangju, the time reduced from 3 hours 53 minutes to 2 hours 38 minutes. At the Seoul end, since the December 15, 2004, timetable change, most Honam KTX services don't terminate in Seoul Station , the terminus of the Gyeongbu KTX services, but in nearby Yongsan Station, from where

4544-427: The standard one-way Seoul to Mokpo ticket price stands at 40,500 won on weekdays and 43,300 won on weekends, but with significant reductions on newly introduced non-reserved seats. Another problem passenger surveys in the first months found was station access and the limited capacity of bus connections, leading to the frequent use of taxis. After its first year of operation, on relations with significant distances along

4615-454: The summer, averaging 1,163 millimetres (45.8 in). Mokpo is usually windy and foggy in the spring and autumn due to its location near the ocean. Mokpo's long period (annual average of 223 days) without frost creates suitable conditions for rice farming. However, its seacoast location and the influence of the continental climate on the city often cause a great disparity between the rise and fall of daily and yearly temperatures. Mokpo, along with

4686-470: The travel distance to Mokpo Station is 404.4 km (251.3 mi). In addition, some services are extended beyond Yongsan, passing Seoul Station and continuing for 14.9 km (9.3 mi) along the Gyeongui Line to terminate at Haengsin station , next to which KTX trains have a depot. The service uses the Gyeongbu HSR until Daejeon, and the upgraded Honam Line from there. The service calls at

4757-429: Was 9.6% of the project budget then estimated at 10,490.1 billion won for the first phase, while the estimate for the entire line stood at 12,101.7 billion won. The entire line from Osong to Mokpo includes a total of 111.7 km (69.4 mi) of viaducts (48.35%) and 49.12 km (30.52 mi) of tunnels (21.26%). Trains will stop at seven stations along the line: When Honam KTX services started on April 1, 2004,

4828-580: Was longer due to the number of stops along the Honam Line. Three-hour travel was only possible when limiting the train to four stops: Seodaejeon , Iksan , Gwangjusongjeong , and finally Mokpo. However, that service has not been available since 2008. Then, there were 10 trains from Yongsan station to Mokpo, with a travel time of 195 minutes. Since 2015, there has been a high-speed KTX service linking Mokpo and Yongsan Station within an average of 140 minutes. Limited services also allow passengers to travel further north to Seoul Station and Haengsin station in

4899-633: Was opened to the public. Other projects in Mokpo included a coastal filling process near the North Harbor and the building of a new port in Chungmu-dong. In 1980, the Gwangju Democratization Movement swept the area. In Mokpo, student movements were initiated by several people marching along the boulevard from Mokpo Station to the second plaza, carrying cards displaying the word "Freedom." Mokpo Station served as

4970-604: Was rapidly developed to establish self-government. The Japanese settled predominately in what is today the Yudal-dong neighborhood, close to the main port. The Japanese consulate remained there until the establishment of the Japanese protectorate over Korea . The Japanese settlers gradually bought farmland in the vicinity of Mokpo, which had previously been illegal. These agricultural fields were desirable because they were inexpensive and not heavily taxed. The resulting harvests from these fields made rice cheaper in Japan, although

5041-407: Was set at 8,569.5 billion won. The second stage, the 48.74 km (30.29 mi) remaining to Mokpo, was to be finished by 2017 with a budget of 2,002.2 billion won. The altogether 230.99 km (143.53 mi), 10,571.7 billion won project would enable Seoul–Mokpo travel times of 1 hour 46 minutes. Ahead of the 2007 Presidential elections , eventual winner Lee Myung-bak promised to accelerate

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