13-563: Handrup is a municipality in the Emsland district, in Lower Saxony , Germany . This Emsland district location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Emsland Landkreis Emsland ( German: [ˈɛmsˌlant] ) is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany named after the river Ems . It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Leer , Cloppenburg and Osnabrück ,
26-524: A sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to the state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from
39-657: Is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to the Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to the inhabitants) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from
52-404: Is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district . The English word
65-540: The Nazi Party , located outside Börgermoor , now part of the commune Surwold , not far from Papenburg . A memorial of these camps, the Dokumentations- und Informationszentrum (DIZ) Emslandlager, is located at Papenburg. The well known resistance song " Peat Bog Soldiers " was composed by political prisoners at one of these camps. In 1950 a governmental plan for the development of Emsland was adopted. Its aim
78-698: The bishops of Münster gained control over the region; the Emsland remained property of the bishop until 1803, when the clerical states were dissolved. It came under rule of Prussia and Arenberg , but after the Napoleonic Wars the Congress of Vienna decided to hand the territory over to the Kingdom of Hanover . The Duchy of Arenberg continued to exist as a fief of the Hanoverian kings. When Hanover
91-534: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,
104-498: The former districts of Lingen , Meppen and Aschendorf-Hümmling in the district of Emsland, with Meppen as administrative seat. The Emsland remains a very Roman Catholic region compared to other parts of Lower Saxony. The district is located on the Dutch border . It is named after the Ems river , which crosses the region from south to north. It is an absolutely plain countryside, which
117-580: The state of North Rhine-Westphalia (district of Steinfurt ), the district of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, and the Netherlands (provinces of Drenthe and Groningen ). For a long time the region of the Emsland was extremely sparsely populated, due to the fens on both sides of the river. Small villages were established in medieval times along the river and on the Hümmling . In the 13th century
130-478: The state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have the constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to
143-553: Was annexed by Prussia (1866), the dukes were deposed soon after (1875). The now Prussian Province of Hanover was subdivided into districts in 1885; four districts were established on the territory of what is now the Landkreis Emsland. The districts were merged in 1977 to form the present district. Under Nazi rule , labour camps known as the Emslandlager ("Emsland camps") held thousands of political opponents of
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#1732775836897156-705: Was once full of fens. The only elevations are in the Hümmling , which is a hilly forest area east of the Ems. Although the Emsland region is nowadays primarily a county among many others in Lower Saxony, its locals have what could be called a distinct sense of regional pride which will unlikely be found elsewhere in this state. The coat of arms displays: The wavy line symbolises the river Ems. (Population 2005) Free municipalities and towns Samtgemeinden Dörpen Freren Herzlake Lathen Lengerich Nordhümmling Sögel Spelle Werlte Municipality A municipality
169-602: Was to turn the region into an industrial location. This was accomplished by draining the fens and establishing projects like the test track of the maglev " Transrapid " and several large shipyards such as the Meyer-Werft in Papenburg . Although the Landkreis Emsland lost much of its original character, some areas retain their natural character, for example the Hümmling. The 1977 district reforms in Lower Saxony united
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