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62-555: Heidenheim may refer to: Heidenheim an der Brenz , town in Baden-Württemberg, southern Germany 1. FC Heidenheim 1846 , German football club from the city of Heidenheim Heidenheim (district) , district (Kreis) in the east of Baden-Württemberg Heidenheim, Bavaria , municipality in the Hahnenkamm, Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district, Bavaria, Germany People with

124-581: A hyperstore , a supercenter , a superstore , or a megastore is a physically large retail establishment, usually part of a chain of stores. The term sometimes also refers, by extension, to the company that operates the store. The term "big-box" references the typical appearance of buildings occupied by such stores. Commercially, big-box stores can be broken down into two categories: general merchandise (examples include Walmart and Target ) and specialty stores (such as Home Depot , Barnes & Noble , IKEA or Best Buy ), which specialize in goods within

186-451: A market town in 1356. Through the rule of the von Helfenstein family, the city became part of the Duchy of Teck , ruled by Württemberg , in 1448. It temporarily belonged to the dukes of Bavaria between 1462 and 1504. Later still, albeit for only a short period, the city belonged to Ulm . During Württemberg times, it was always the seat of an administrative unit. This unit was an exclave of

248-416: A borough council, elected by registered voters in municipal elections. The Municipal Council is headed by a president. Schnaitheim, to the north, was at one time a politically independent small town but is now Heidenheim's largest borough, officially known as Heidenheim-Schnaitheim. Expansion of both towns has now eradicated any geographical separation between the two. Although largely residential, Schnaitheim

310-654: A former Jugendstil bath, organizes traveling exhibits. It also displays a permanent exhibit of the world's largest and most complete collection of Picasso posters. Located on top of Hellenstein Mountain and overlooking the city, Hellenstein Castle is the most important building and landmark in Heidenheim. Notable structures in the inner city are the Protestant Michaels' Church (the former parish seat of

372-411: A hill. About 5 kilometers to the east of Heidenheim, separated by the major road European route E43 , the village of Oggenhausen is home to about 1550 residents. The town voted to merge into Heidenheim by popular vote in 1970. About 8 kilometres north-east of Heidenheim, the geographically separate Großkuchen is a popular recreational area with hiking trails and cross-country skiing. It is also home to

434-439: A mammoth manner. Saravana Stores operating format is said to be the inspiration for Big Bazaar's Kishore Biyani. Similarly, conglomerates, such as Raheja's, Future Group, Bharti, Godrej, Reliance, and TATA, have over the last decade ventured into large-format retail chains. However, most of the stores opened in large malls and not as independent big-box format stores, even though small and medium enterprises (SMEs) still account for

496-772: A red shirt with a blue collar on golden background. The city colors are red and blue. Already in the 15th century the earliest known seal of the city displayed the canting heathen (= Heide in German). The colored version has been documented since the 16th century. Heidenheim is the home of the Neuer Kammerchor Heidenheim , one of the most accomplished youth choirs in Germany, founded in 2005 by Thomas Kammel and under his direction since then. The Neuer Kammerchor tours overseas extensively and has won widespread critical acclaim for its performances. In January 2017

558-417: A small-scale local charcoal industry. The town has about 1550 residents and merged politically with Heidenheim in 1974. There is evidence that human life existed within the city limits of Heidenheim as far back as 8,000 years ago. However, a permanent settlement was not established until approximately 1300 BC. Extensive ruins remain of settlements dating, predominantly, to the period from 1200 to 800 BC. At

620-491: A specific range, such as hardware , books , furniture or consumer electronics , respectively. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, many traditional retailers and supermarket chains that typically operate in smaller buildings, such as Tesco and Praktiker , opened stores in the big-box-store format in an effort to compete with big-box chains, which are expanding internationally as their home markets reach maturity. The store may sell general dry goods , in which case it

682-646: A store in suburban Perth . IKEA began operation in Australia in 1975. Bunnings followed in 1995 and Mitre 10 adopted the model with the "Mitre 10 Mega" stores first opening at Beenleigh , Queensland in 2004. Costco has since expanded across Australia since opening its first store in 2009. Apart from major American big-box stores such as Walmart Canada and briefly now-defunct Target Canada , there are many retail chains operating exclusively in Canada. These include stores such as (followed after each slash by

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744-552: A term of five years. They belong to the following political parties: In the age when Heidenheim an der Brenz belonged to Württemberg a noble advocate presided over the court and the city. Somewhat later, a head advocate and then an Executor of the Duke led the court. From 1802 on, there were two mayors and 12 councilmen. In 1819 the City Executor stood at the helm of the city, assisted by a city council starting in 1822. Since 1907

806-560: Is a general merchandise retailer (however, traditional department stores , as the predecessor format, are generally not classified as "big box"), or may be limited to a particular specialty (such establishments are often called " category killers "), or may also sell groceries, in which case some countries (mostly in Europe ) use the term hypermarket . In the U.S., there is no specific term for general merchandisers who also sell groceries. Both Target and Walmart offer groceries in most branches in

868-688: Is also Kleinkuchen but it has its own church of Saint Ulrich (built in 1517 and then rebuilt in 1746). Both parishes (St Boniface and St. Peter and Paul) together with the neighbouring parish of Mary's Ascension in Königsbronn form the Ministry 2. Catholics from Oggenhausen belong to the Holy Heart of Jesus parish in Nattheim (Ministry 1), also part of the Deacony of Heidenheim. In addition to

930-508: Is believed that it was probably the capital of a Roman administrative district (see also Civitas ). From 233 on, the Alamanni repeatedly attacked the Roman limes fortifications. The Roman surrender of the limes in 260 spelled the end of the Roman city of Heidenheim. It is not clear to what extent Romans stayed on under the new Alammanic rule but it is very likely that some remained. Nothing

992-627: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Heidenheim an der Brenz The residents of Heidenheim and its surrounding area speak the distinct German dialect of Swabian . Heidenheim is situated between Albuch and the Härtsfeld region in the northeast corner of the Swabian Alb where the valley of the Brenz meets the Stubental at

1054-486: Is home to a number of Heidenheim's " Big Box "-style retailers, and its commercial districts are an important part of the city's infrastructure. It has about 10,900 residents. Within Schnaitheim, neighbourhoods include Wehrenfeld on the east side, which consists largely of wealthier homes as well as a large recreational area featuring the town's largest sports club, TSG Schnaitheim. Other neighbourhoods include Hagen on

1116-537: Is known about Aquileia/Heidenheim during the period of the Great Migration . However, in the 8th century Heidenheim was mentioned (again) for the first time in official documents. The creation of the city in the Middle Ages went hand in hand with the construction of Hellenstein Castle . The city wall was built in segments in 1190 and 1420 and Emperor Charles IV granted or confirmed the city's status as

1178-532: Is situated at the Brenz river's edge and offers a sight to see for visitors and residents alike. The Schnaitheim Mill is located just a few hundred yards away with its large wheel, though operation of the mill was halted several years ago. In Mergelstetten the old church was torn down in 1841 and replaced with a new Protestant church built in neo-gothic style. The building was commissioned by Carl Alexander Heideloff , who also commissioned Lichtenstein Castle . Lumber

1240-746: The Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg from where they were assigned to the Heidenheim Chapter. However, in 1524 the Reformation burst into the city via Ulm. At the time Heidenheim was part of Württemberg and Duke Ulrich championed the Reformation from 1535 on. Residents of city have adhered over the centuries primarily to the Protestant faith. In those days, Heidenheim became the seat of a Deacony, its church being located on

1302-688: The Deanony of Heidenheim within the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg . Finally, pietist parishes are also represented in Heidenheim. Catholics only reemerged in Heidenheim during the 19th century. In 1882 they got their own church when the Church of St. Mary was built. The corresponding parish was founded in 1886. A second church, Trinity Church, was built in 1961 and became a parish in 1962. Mergelstetten got Christ

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1364-642: The King Church in 1957, which was later elevated to a parish in 1961. These three parishes form what is today Ministry 3 of the Deacony Heidenheim within the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart. In Schnaitheim, St. Boniface Church was built in 1951 (parish in 1961). The Church of Saint Peter and Paul in Großkuchen had been built back in 1736 on the foundation of an older church. Part of the parish

1426-621: The North: Aalen and Neresheim (both in Ostalb County ), Nattheim ( Heidenheim County ), Syrgenstein ( Dillingen County , Bavaria ), as well as Herbrechtingen , Steinheim am Albuch and Königsbronn (all in Heidenheim County). Heidenheim an der Brenz consists of Heidenheim (proper) and the subdivisions (boroughs) of Schnaitheim, Mergelstetten, Oggenhausen and Großkuchen (annexed between 1910 and 1974). Each of

1488-498: The Shepherd Run festivities is the crowning of a new shepherd king and queen. The Run was held until 1828. Thereafter followed a long break until 1922, when it was held again (five times until 1952). Since its return in 1972, it has once again been an integral part of Heidenheim's regular cultural program. In 2006 Heidenheim hosted the bi-annual Baden-Württemberg State Botanical Show. Big-box store A big-box store ,

1550-1061: The U.S. Big-box stores are often clustered in shopping centers, which are typically called retail parks in the United Kingdom. In the United States, when they range in size from 250,000 square feet (23,000 m ) to 600,000 square feet (56,000 m ), they are often referred to as power centers . In Australia, the retail category is known as "large format retail", encompasses bulky goods showrooms and more specialised retail categories within service or Highway commercial type land use zones. In 1969, Kmart Australia opened its first five Big-box type stores across Australia. The first opened in Burwood East , Melbourne in April, followed by Blacktown in Greater Western Sydney , two stores in suburban Adelaide and

1612-405: The big-box variety, selling big screen TVs, computers, mobile phones, bicycles, and clothing. Many foreign names appear, such as Carrefour , Auchan , Tesco , Lotte Mart , and Walmart , as well as dozens of Chinese chains. Most stores are three stories with moving sidewalk-style escalators. Some stores are so large as to have 60 checkout terminals and their own fleet of buses to bring customers to

1674-739: The choir was given the Bürger-Prize of the City of Heidenheim for his accomplishments as a cultural ambassador. Schnaitheim is home to the Sasse Theater company. The State Museum of Württemberg ("Württembergisches Landesmuseum") operates a branch location in Hellenstein Castle where it has its Carriage and Chaise Museum. The Museum in the Roman Baths exhibits finds dating back to the Roman era. The Art Museum, located in

1736-446: The city of Hyderabad, and subsequently, in the city of Navi Mumbai. In Ireland , large merchandise stores in the style of U.S. superstores were not a part of the retail sector until the late 20th century. Dunnes Stores have traditionally had a supermarket-plus-household-and-clothes model and now have some large stores. Tesco Ireland now runs upwards of 19 hypermarkets across the country. The big-box phenomenon hit New Zealand in

1798-482: The city's leaders have been known by the title of Mayor . Today's mayors are elected to office by direct vote for a term of 8 years. The mayor serves also as City Council President and their permanent Deputy is the First Councilperson. Mayors of Heidenheim an der Brenz since 1819 The coat of arms of the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz features a bearded "heathen" wearing a red cap with a blue rim and

1860-805: The city), the Elmar-Doch-House , the Crown Inn and Pub, the Lower Gate, Villa Waldemaier, the burgher tower Türmle , the Castle Pharmacy, the weavers ' settlement, the Heathland smithy , the Old mint and the old Peters' Church (today cemetery chapel). The construction facility for the manufacture of large turbines built for the local Voith company in 1924 is a significant industrial historic landmark. The little castle in Schnaitheim

1922-721: The damaging competition that a large Walmart penetration would inflict on Canadian-based retailers. In the early 21st century, commercial developers in Canada such as RioCan chose to build big-box stores (often grouped together in so-called " power centres ") in lieu of traditional shopping malls . Examples include Deerfoot Meadows ( Calgary ), Stonegate Shopping Centre and Preston Crossing ( Saskatoon ), South Edmonton Common ( Edmonton ), and Heartland Town Centre ( Mississauga ). There are currently more than 300 power centres, which usually contain multiple big-box stores, located throughout Canada. Most large grocery stores in China are of

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1984-483: The district reform in the 1970s, municipal laws of Baden-Württemberg were amended to introduce borough councils for certain boroughs. Residents of such boroughs elect their borough council at each municipal election and the council must be consulted on all matters of significance to the borough. The president also presides over the city council. Since the last municipal elections in 2019, the city council of Heidenheim has consisted of 33 (previously 34) members, each serving

2046-460: The dukes of Württemberg until 1803 when Württemberg's territorial gains connected the city with the main part of the duchy's territory. In 1807 Heidenheim was promoted to district status and then again to County status in 1938. The district reform of the 1970s did not change the county limits by much. The economic development of the village and city is founded mainly on the area's ore deposits that were already being exploited in Roman times. However,

2108-640: The employees of such stores are usually not unionized. Unions such as the United Food and Commercial Workers Local 770 and the Joint Labor Management Committee of the Retail Food Industry have expressed concern about the grocery market because stores such as Kmart , Target , and Walmart now sell groceries. Unions and cities sometimes attempt to use land-use ordinances to restrict these businesses. Because it

2170-461: The foot of Hellenstein Mountain. The source of the Brenz is located in Königsbronn and enters Heidenheim from the northwest. It runs through the boroughs of Aufhausen and Schnaitheim before it gets to Heidenheim (proper). From there it continues on to the south through the borough of Mergelstetten, before it leaves the city limits to head for Herbrechtingen . Heidenheim shares borders with the following cities and towns, listed clockwise starting from

2232-452: The four boroughs includes their own neighbourhoods that either have a long history of their own or were created as new developments. But while these neighbourhoods received their names during construction, their boundaries have not been officially defined. Oggenhausen and Großkuchen became part of Heidenheim during the last district reform in the 1970s and are also municipalities under state administrative law. This designation entitles them to

2294-509: The global concept of a hypermarket , although they do not always have a grocery section, and the term "hypermarket" is not in common use in the United States. "Discount store," "megastore," and "superstore" are sometimes used in addition to the industry term "general merchandise retailer." The category began in 1931, when Fred G. Meyer opened what he called a "one-stop shopping center" in Northeast Portland, Oregon. Meyer's format

2356-630: The importance of this branch of the city's economy diminished near the turn of the 19th century due to great competition, first from Wasseralfingen and later from the Rhineland . Heidenheim also played an important part in the textile industry. Flax grown in the Eastern Swabian Alps was used to manufacture linen . The business grew into an industry at the dawn of the 19th century with the help of cotton imports but declined after World War II due to international competition. During

2418-472: The intersection of five Roman roads . This settlement was the largest Roman city in what is today Baden-Württemberg and archeological finds suggest that it covered an area of approximately 37 - 50 acres (20.23  ha ) (15 - 20 hectares). More recently, excavations have found the remains of a representative Roman administrative building. Its exact function was not fully understood as of May 2005, but given Aquileia ' s size, location and other indicators, it

2480-767: The large out-of-town supermarkets which have waned in popularity. The term "big-box store" is not used in the UK. "Superstore" is sometimes used, but with a slightly different meaning: on road signs it means "large supermarket"; in self-service shop names it denotes an outlet larger than that particular chain's usual size. In the United States , some big-box stores may specialize in categories of merchandise (" category killer "), such as Best Buy in electronics and appliances and Kohl's , Burlington , and Nordstrom Rack in apparel and home furnishings. Big-box general merchandise retailers such as Target and Walmart are similar to

2542-632: The largest superstore network in Hong Kong . The first Wellcome superstore opened in 2000 and it has only 17 superstores. In addition, CRC has four superstores in Hong Kong. Because Hong Kong is a very densely populated city, the sizes of superstores are considerably smaller than those in other countries. Some superstores are running at deficit, such as Chelsea Heights which therefore has stopped selling fresh fish . Furthermore, some ParknShop superstores and megastores, such as Fortress World, belong to

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2604-724: The late 1980s, with the introduction of Kmart Australia and later the " Warehouse " superstore, a local company. Mitre 10 New Zealand opened their first Mega in 2004 at Hastings six months before the Australian Mega store; it opened to great success with 20 more stores opening within two years. Australian-owned Bunnings Warehouse opened its first store in New Zealand in 2006. In the United Kingdom , Makro and Costco membership-only warehouse club stores have been around for four decades. General merchandise shops along

2666-498: The lines of U.S. superstores are not a large part of the retail sector, but this has been changing in recent years, with the creation of extra-large supermarkets such as Tesco and Asda selling a broader range of non-food goods, typically in out-of-town shopping centres or retail parks. As in the US, such large shops are sometimes called anchor tenants . The growth of online retail and budget retail has led to these chains moving away from

2728-598: The majority of the daily consumer transaction needs. However, the most successful consumer retail chain that took the market and penetrated also to tier 2 and tier 3 cities was D Mart, owned by Avenue Supermarkets Limited. An attempt was made to allow international large format retailers such as Walmart into the country. However, it was successfully opposed by small retailers citing job elimination due to increased efficiency and lowered prices due to fewer losses and lower costs. Big-box format stores in India were opened by IKEA in

2790-411: The nearby Cloister of Anhausen owned a mill, a fish pond and a farm. However, it is estimated that the first settlement was founded in the 7th or 8th century by the Alamanni . Other important dates for the local economy are 1828 when Jakob Zoeppritz from Darmstadt founded a woolen blanket factory and 1901 when Carl Schwenk of Ulm built the concrete factory. Heidenheim's residents originally belonged to

2852-539: The newly enlarged population of customers with cars, being located in suburbs and surrounded by ample parking lots. They were enabled by the decline of laws which prevented large retailers from getting bulk discounts. Warehouse club stores are another category of big-box general merchandise stores, such as Sam's Club , Costco , and BJ's Wholesale Club . They require membership to purchase and often require purchasing larger quantities of goods at once. Big-box development has at times been opposed by labor unions because

2914-478: The owner) Hudson's Bay , Loblaws / Real Canadian Superstore , Rona , Winners / HomeSense , Canadian Tire / Mark's / Sport Chek , Shoppers Drug Mart , Chapters / Indigo Books and Music , Sobeys , and many others. The indigenous Loblaw Companies Limited has expanded and multiplied its Real Canadian Superstore (and Maxi & Cie in Quebec) branded outlets to try to fill any genuine big-box market and fend off

2976-425: The same corporation, Hutchison Whampoa . India has been going through a retail revolution since the late 1990s, following the introduction of Big Bazaar in 2001. However, even before that, large retail stores were not uncommon in India. Spencer's, a popular hypermart, traces its history as far back as 1863. Likewise, Saravana Stores operating as a large independent showroom format since 1969, continue to grow in

3038-496: The site where Paul's Protestant Church (built in 1897) currently stands. But Heidenheim's first parish church was Peter's Church at the top of the Totenberg. Originally a Roman church, it was remodeled several times and now serves as the chapel for the cemetery. During the 16th century, Michael's Church became the seat of the Heidenheim parish. This church was built ca. 1200, completely rebuilt in 1578, and expanded in 1621. The tower

3100-467: The store at no charge. Many configurations exist: the hypermarket that sells many kinds of goods under one roof (like French chains Carrefour , Auchan , and E.Leclerc ), most of which are integrated within a shopping mall ; the supermarket that is a smaller version of a hypermarket; the market located in city centres; the department store , which first appeared in Paris, then opened in other parts of

3162-691: The surname [ edit ] Philipp Heidenheim (1814–1906), German rabbi and educator Wolf Heidenheim (1757–1832), German exegete and grammarian Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Heidenheim . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heidenheim&oldid=1052666314 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

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3224-614: The time of the Roman Empire from about 85 AD onwards, Heidenheim was the location of Castle Aquileia with attached cavalry of more than 1,000 mounted soldiers. The unit, called ala II flavia milliaria was later, around 159 AD, moved further North to Aalen . At first, the castle marked the Eastern end of the Alb Limes . But it did not take long until a civilian settlement was founded at this strategically important spot, marked by

3286-539: The town became part of the parish of Nattheim until it became a parish in its own right in 1834. The village church was built in 1702 to replace an earlier chapel. Großkuchen remained Catholic because ecumenically it belonged to Öttingen and because the Benedictine Abbey at Neresheim owned the right to use the village church. The few Protestants who by now have moved in are attached to the parish in Schnaitheim. All Protestant parishes within city limits belong to

3348-638: The two larger denominations, residents have the choice of independent churches and parishes such as the Methodist Church, The Evangelical Immanuel Parish, the Evangelical Chrischona-Community and others. The New Apostolic Church and The Christian Community are also represented in Heidenheim. Figures reflect city limits at the time and are estimates or Census data ( ), or official extensions thereof, counting only primary residences. Census data In connection with

3410-568: The war, a subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp was located here. It provided slave labour to local industry. After World War II ended in 1945, a displaced persons camp was established in the city to help relocate Jewish displaced persons . The camp, housing at times up to 2,300 individuals, was dissolved in August 1949. Mergelstetten was first mentioned in an official document by Bishop Walter von Augsburg in 1143 in which he confirmed that

3472-462: The west side, located on the slope of a hill and Aufhausen, once a separate farming village to the north but now amalgamated. Mergelstetten is located to the south of Heidenheim center, as it heads towards Herbrechtingen . With about 7900 residents, Mergelstetten is home to a number of factories, but retains a rural feel. Within Mergelstetten, the residential area of Reutenen sits elevated on

3534-618: The world; the "category killer" superstore that mainly sells goods in a particular domain (automotive, electronics, home furniture, etc.); and the warehouse store , like Metro Cash and Carry (for professionals only) and Costco , who opened its first store in June, 2017. To contend against Carrefour , ParknShop opened the first superstore in 1996 based on the concept of a wet market . Most superstores in Hong Kong emphasizes one-stop shopping, such as providing car park services. Today, ParknShop has more than 50 superstores and megastores, making it

3596-446: Was at first a branch of Bolheim, but became its own parish in 1700. Today's church was built in 1843 to replace one that had burnt to the ground two years earlier. The church of Schnaitheim was constructed in the 17th century, although the town already had a church (first mentioned in 1344). Oggenhausen at first belonged to the parish of Zöschingen and remained Catholic. But during the 17th century here too Protestantism won out. Later

3658-543: Was built in 1975 but the community had had the use of a wooden chapel built in 1926), as well as Reconciliation Parish and Zinzendorf Parish. These six parishes located in Heidenheim (proper) form the Protestant United Parish of Heidenheim. As they too belonged to Württemberg, the boroughs of Mergelstetten and Schnaitheim also converted to Protestantism early on. As a result, independent Protestant parishes and churches exist in both boroughs. Mergelstetten

3720-503: Was erected in 1687, and the extension was added to again in 1767. With the construction of Paul's Church the seat of the deaconry moved there; however, Michael's Church remains a church of Paul's Parish to this day. In the meantime, Heidenheim's population continued to grow. During the 20th century, several additional parishes were founded: Christ Parish was founded in 1958 (its church built in 1956), John's Parish with church and community center in 1963, Forestchurch Parish in 1972 (its church

3782-463: Was imitated by Meijer in 1962 and later by Walmart, Kmart , Target (the discount brand of Dayton department store), and Woolco (the discount brand of the Woolworth department store) all opened. These were called " discount stores " — still an industry term for this type of store — and which between the 1960s and 1980s started to open larger-format stores called "megastores." These stores served

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3844-467: Was used to build parts of the church because the parish was poor at the time. For the same reason, the church tower was not built as tall as originally planned. Nonetheless, this church is popular and picturesque and frequently used on postcards. Every other year the Shepherd Run takes place in Heidenheim, first held in 1723 by Duke Eberhard Ludwig. It attracts all the shepherds in the area. Part of

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