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52-575: The Louisiana Museum of Modern Art is located in Humlebæk. The history of Humlebæk traces back to the 16th century where the urbarium for Kronborg and Frederiksborg fief mentions a fishing village in 1582–1583 with seven fishermen in the settlement. On 24 July 1700 ( O.S. ) Swedish forces invaded Denmark at the landing at Humlebæk during the Great Northern War . In 1740 the inn Humlebæk Kro received royal privilege and in 1792

104-405: A few months walking around the property before deciding how a new construction would best fit into the landscape. This study resulted in the first version of the museum consisting of three buildings connected by glass corridors, which opened in conjunction with the museum as a whole, in 1958. The first exhibition had several faults according to Jensen himself, the building lacked climate control and

156-402: A milestone in modern Danish architecture , and is noted for its synthesis of art, architecture, and landscape, such as was showcased in an installation entitled "Riverbed" shown in 2014–2015. It has been called a "Danish beacon in the international art world." The museum occasionally also stages exhibitions of work by the great impressionists and expressionists , such as Claude Monet , who was

208-516: A school was established. The dominating property was Krogerup . Krogerup was originally a farm house mentioned the first time in 1577 but over time the property was expanded because of privileges given to the owners of Krogerup as rewards for loyalty to the King during the wars against Sweden. A manor house was built at Krogerup from 1772 to 1777. Krogerup was acquired by the Danish government in 1942 and

260-500: A single phase where programmes are typically designed to provide fundamental skills in reading, writing, and mathematics and to establish a solid foundation for learning. This is ISCED Level 1 : Primary education or first stage of basic education. Within the English speaking world, there are three widely used systems to describe the age of the child. The first is the "equivalent ages"; then countries that base their education systems on

312-448: A synonym, "elementary school" has specific meanings in different locations. School building design does not happen in isolation. The building (or school campus) needs to accommodate: Each country will have a different education system and priorities. Schools need to accommodate students, staff, storage, mechanical and electrical systems, support staff, ancillary staff and administration. The number of rooms required can be determined from

364-640: A theme that related art, architecture and nature, in which a rocky riverbed was created to take up the museum's entire south wing. The grounds around the museum contain a landscaped sculpture garden. It consists of a plateau and ground that slopes towards the Øresund and is dominated by huge, ancient specimen trees and sweeping vistas of the sea. It contains works by such artists as Jean Arp , Max Ernst , Max Bill , Alexander Calder , Henri Laurens , Louise Bourgeois , Joan Miró and Henry Moore . The sculptures are either placed so that they can be viewed from within, in special sculpture yards or independently around

416-522: Is an art museum located on the shore of the Øresund Sound in Humlebæk , 35 km (22 mi) north of Copenhagen , Denmark . It is the most visited art museum in Denmark, and has an extensive permanent collection of modern and contemporary art , dating from World War II to the present day; in addition, it has a comprehensive programme of special exhibitions. The museum is also acknowledged as

468-401: Is home of Louisiana Museum of Modern Art . The museum opened in 1958 and has today approximately 600,000 yearly visitors. In 2018 Louisiana was number 7 on the list of most visited tourist attractions in Denmark. Humlebæk has three primary schools , Langebjergskolen, Humlebæk Skole, and Humlebæk Lille Skole. A fourth school Baunebjergskolen was merged with Humlebæk Skole in 2011 but still uses

520-601: Is sometimes used in the US, although both this term and elementary school may refer to the first eight grades, in other words both primary education and lower secondary education . The term primary school is derived from the French école primaire , which was first used in an English text in 1802. In the United Kingdom, "elementary education" was taught in "elementary schools" until 1944, when free elementary education

572-424: Is the personal collection left by Niels-Wessel Bagge, a California-based Danish dancer, choreographer, and art collector, who died in 1990. The Louisiana Museum mounts temporary exhibitions, including installations such as Danish-Icelandic artist Olafur Eliasson 's site-specific work "Riverbed", which was made specifically for the museum and shown from August 2014 to January 2015. The work was in three sections with

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624-569: The Danish state . It had by this point begun to receive criticism from younger artists who considered the museum to be "old fashioned" and lacking the latest art. It has nevertheless continued to feature modern and contemporary art through its exhibitions, featuring the likes of Nouveau Réalisme , Pop art , and Minimalist art . The collection of the museum includes several pieces made specifically for it, Roy Lichtenstein's Figures in Landscape

676-720: The Museum of Modern Art . I have not been able to learn much about Alexander Brun, the Master of the Royal Hunt who built Louisiana in 1855, but enough so that I can form a picture of him. He was married three times, and each time he found a girl named Louise, which was perhaps a fashionable name then. It's a good story, which has also been told many times. It was natural to preserve this lovely name. I could not very well call it Humlebæk Museum of Modern Art or Jensen Museum instead. People would die laughing. So, better to let them smile at

728-460: The Øresundståg -system and the trains for Copenhagen continues to Copenhagen Airport and to Sweden . Bus no. 388 in a north–south route between Helsingør and Lyngby station has several stops in Humlebæk at road no. 152 (Strandvejen). Bus no. 353 runs north–south further inland between Helsingør and Kokkedal station . It passes the western part of Humlebæk on Hørsholmvej. Bus no. 370 in an east–west route connects Humlebæk with Fredensborg . At

780-578: The "English model" use one of two methods to identify the year group; while countries that base their systems on the "American K–12 model" refer to their year groups as "grades". Canada also follows the American model, although its names for year groups are put as a number after the grade: For instance, "Grade 1" in Canada, rather than "First Grade" in the United States. This terminology extends into

832-506: The End of the World . These exhibitions brought together contemporary artists from both the United States and Europe. Handberg has stated that the achievement of bringing Louisiana into the wider European circulation of international art exhibitions on the part of Jensen is a "remarkable" feat. Louisiana gained the status of state-authorized museum in 1968, and began to receive financial support from

884-661: The Old Humlebæk next to Humlebæk Harbour). Until 1950 the three areas Humlebæk (New Humlebæk and the Old Humlebæk at the coast), Sletten and Torpen were considered separate settlements. The development of the population of the three settlements appears from below The old villages Dageløkke, Torpen (Upper Torp and Lower Torp), Toelt, Nybo are today considered part of Humlebæk. Humlebæk has train connections to Copenhagen and Helsingør by Humlebæk Station at The Coast Line . Trains depart every 20 minutes in each direction. In rush hours trains are more frequent. The trains are part of

936-589: The United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, South Africa, and Singapore ), elementary school , or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary education of children who are 4 to 10 years of age (and in many cases, 11 years of age). Primary schooling follows preschool and precedes secondary schooling . The International Standard Classification of Education considers primary education as

988-422: The art itself, though Jensen stated that art was not the entire focus of the venue. The decision to have a café built into the museum was also controversial, Jensen stated in an interview that "good drinking and food is very important in connection with experiencing art." His personal ideas and ambitions largely steered the development of the museum, despite the existence of a board of directors. He has emphasized

1040-498: The coast to Øresund , Humlebæk has two harbours, Humlebæk Harbour and Sletten Harbour. The harbours are primarily marinas but a few minor fishing boats are based in the harbours. Sletten Harbour has previously had ferry connections to Helsingborg in Sweden and to the island Ven in the middle of Øresund. In 1938 a cinema Humle Bio opened in Humlebæk. The cinema is still active and was renovated in 2023 with new chairs. Humlebæk

1092-518: The curious and poetic name “Louisiana”, which most people thought had something to do with the state of Louisiana in America. Wishing to instead create a museum on a "human scale" that was close to nature, he first approached Jørn Utzon to design the museum; however, Utzon was already commissioned to design the now iconic Sydney Opera House , and so he declined. In lieu of this, he partnered up with architects Vilhelm Wohlert and Jørgen Bo, who spent

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1144-478: The development of the museum as a cultural platform. In 2013, the museum's music department launched Louisiana Music, a web page dedicated to musical videos produced by the museum in collaboration with world-famous musicians. The museum is located by the Øresund coast in the North Zeeland region, some 30 km (19 mi) north of central Copenhagen and 10 km (6 mi) south of Elsinore . From

1196-402: The education has to fulfill the needs of: The students, the teachers, the non-teaching support staff, the administrators and the community. It has to meet general government building guidelines, health requirements, minimal functional requirements for classrooms, toilets and showers, electricity and services, preparation and storage of textbooks and basic teaching aids. An optimum school will meet

1248-571: The exhibition Works from Documenta just weeks after the show was hosted. The decision to feature international art has later been hailed as "decisive" by art historian Kristian Handberg, and the exhibitions of international art have become a hallmark of the museum; it fostered a "new Louisiana", with new exhibition halls being constructed for the international exhibitions. Among these were Vitality in Art and Movement in Art , composed by Willem Sandberg , along with Jean Tinguely's manifesto Sketch for

1300-456: The first owner of the property, hofjægermester Alexander Brun, who named the estate after his three wives, all called Louise. Brun built the villa in which the part of the museum resides in 1855. A hundred years later, in 1955, businessman and cheese wholesaler Knud W. Jensen purchased the by then abandoned villa and surrounding property after being snubbed of the opportunity to purchase land around Rungstedlund for his planned museum; this

1352-400: The floor area should be 350 m + 4.1 m /pupil place. The external finishes were to be downgraded to meet a build cost of £1113/m . There are several main ways of funding a school: by the state through general taxation, by a pressure group such as a mosque or church, by a charity, by contributions from parents, or by a combination of these methods. Day-to-day oversight of the school can through

1404-477: The focus of a major exhibition in 1994. It has between 600,000–700,000 visitors per year, 17–33% of whom reside in nearby Sweden. The museum is included in the Patricia Schultz book 1,000 Places to See Before You Die and ranks 85th on a list of most visited art museums (2011). In late November 2012, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art launched Louisiana Channel , a web-TV channel contributing to

1456-492: The gardens, forming a synthesis with the lawns, the trees and the sea. There are also examples of site-specific art by such artists as Enzo Cucchi , Dani Karavan and George Trakas . Louisiana Literature festival is an annual festival that takes place at the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art. Launched in 2010, the festival each year features about forty writers from across the world. They perform on stages around

1508-449: The idea of Louisiana as a cultural center, "I believe much more in the idea of a cultural center than [that] of a museum." Shortly after opening, Louisiana became known in the international art world for its at times controversial exhibitions; the museum has used the self-coined "sauna-princippen" ( lit.   ' the sauna principle ' ), a combination of uncontroversial "warm" and transgressive "cold" exhibitions. One such controversy

1560-510: The land distributed as part of land reforms. During the Battle of Copenhagen in 1807 the construction of a fortified harbour in Humlebæk was initiated. The harbour was intended to be base of privateer warships and gunboats . The fortified harbour was never finished as the war against the British ended before the finalisation of the constructions. A few years later, in 1810, Humlebæk Harbour

1612-492: The minimum conditions and will have: Government accountants having read the advice then publish minimum guidelines on schools. These enable environmental modelling and establishing building costs. Future design plans are audited to ensure that these standards are met but not exceeded. Government ministries continue to press for the 'minimum' space and cost standards to be reduced. The UK government published this downwardly revised space formula for primary schools in 2014. It said

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1664-670: The museum and in the sculpture park, and attract more than 15,000 people each year. Republic of Fritz Hansen is the Louisiana's main corporate partner through 2024. Realdania has supported Louisiana's architectural exhibitions since 2006. The new Carlsberg foundation has supported Louisiana's acquisition programme generously throughout most of the museum's history. 55°58′10″N 12°32′35″E  /  55.96944°N 12.54306°E  / 55.96944; 12.54306 Primary school A primary school (in Ireland, India,

1716-489: The museum experience, and has been used as a point of comparison to other buildings. Architects Vilhelm Wohlert and Jørgen Bo were contacted by Knud W. Jensen to design the new museum building. At first Jensen had contacted Jørn Utzon to design the museum, who himself owned a house in nearby Hellebæk . However, as Utzon was busy with working on his later successful design for the Sydney Opera House , he declined

1768-706: The offer. Wohlert and Bo's study of the property over the course of several months resulted in the first version of the museum consisting of three buildings connected by glass corridors, which opened in 1958 and is designated as the Nordfløj (North Wing). A clear source of inspiration for this building was the Kings Road House by Rudolph Schindler in Los Angeles , along with Richard Neutra's Bailey House in Pacific Palisades . The building

1820-519: The old buildings. A folk high school , Krogerup Højskole, is today located at Krogerup. The shopping mall Humlebæk Center opened just west of the station in 1977. There are also shops on Strandvejen a little east of the station. The multinational health care company Coloplast has its headquarters in west Humlebæk. Many small companies are located in the nearby industrial quarter on Bakkegårdsvej. Louisiana Museum of Modern Art The Louisiana Museum of Modern Art , also known as just Louisiana ,

1872-466: The predicted roll of the school and the area needed. According to standards used in the United Kingdom, a general classroom for 30 reception class or infant (Keystage 1) students needs to be 62 m , or 55 m for juniors (Keystage 2). Examples are given on how this can be configured for a 210 place primary with attached 26 place nursery and two-storey 420 place (two form entry) primary school with attached 26 place nursery. The building providing

1924-686: The rear wall is decorated with paintings created for the site by Sam Francis . In 2007 began a project to produce concert films and musical clips directed by Stéphan Aubé . All the movies are available for free on the Louisiana Music website. The museum has a wide range of modern art paintings, sculptures and videos dating from World War II to the present day, including works by artists such as Roy Lichtenstein , Andy Warhol , Anselm Kiefer , Alberto Giacometti , Pablo Picasso , Yves Klein , Robert Rauschenberg , David Hockney and Asger Jorn . The videos are often housed in room settings where

1976-403: The regional train station in Humlebæk, it takes 10–15 minutes to walk to the museum. A few times a year, we read in the newspapers that now some city or municipality wants to have its own Louisiana, and there's only one reply to that: Even if you can create a building, you cannot create a Knud W. Jensen. The history of the museum goes back some 170 years. The name of the museum is derived from

2028-495: The research literature. In Canada, education is a provincial, not a federal responsibility. For example, the province of Ontario also had a " Grade 13 ", designed to help students enter the workforce or post-secondary education, but this was phased out in the year 2003. In most parts of the world, primary education is the first stage of compulsory education , and is normally available without charge, but may also be offered by fee-paying independent schools . The term grade school

2080-484: The storage room was insufficient. The museum received criticism, from among others, the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter , who referred to the newly opened museum as "Cirkusiana". Jensen intended for the museum to be mixture between art, architecture, and nature; music, film, dance, and political debates would all take place at Louisiana. Critics posited that the other forms of entertainment would ultimately distract from

2132-472: The time to be alienating and uninviting, citing the National Gallery of Denmark as a typical example. As Jensen felt that these buildings' grandiose architecture didn't fit for modern art, he aimed to create a museum with an "appropriate atmosphere" wherein people "...feel obliged [...] to approach the works of art." He has further stated a great sense of inspiration from American museums, such as

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2184-480: The viewer is made to feel part of the scene being portrayed. Perched above the sea, there is a sculpture garden between the museum's two wings with works by artists including Henry Moore , Alexander Calder , and Jean Arp . Louisiana used to display a collection of Pre-Columbian art . Consisting of more than 400 objects, the collection was a donation from the Wessel-Bagge Foundation in 2001. It

2236-421: The works Alberto Giacometti, Alexander Calder, and Henry Moore. He described it as a "Documenta shock", and decided to try and persuade the board of directors to start featuring international art at Louisiana. He eventually succeeded, despite the skepticism of the board; at the time there was no internationally inclined modern art museum in Denmark. The art exhibition affected him to such an extent that he organized

2288-685: The year, as to make room for the temporary exhibitions; the much larger spaces of the South Wing are in that sense "tailor-made for the international collection", in Jensen's own words. In 1976 the concert hall was inaugurated, connected to the North Wing. Its acoustics make it especially suitable for chamber music, but it is also used for other musical genres as well as a wide array of others events and activities such as debates, lectures and symposiums. The chairs are designed by Poul Kjærholm and

2340-474: Was a Nam June Paik concert which ended chaotically and with largely negative reactions from the crowd. These controversies nonetheless garnered attention for Louisiana; Jensen expected 40,000 visitors in the first year, the museum received 200,000. Up until 1959, the works featured at Louisiana were primarily Danish in origin. During Jensen's visit to the art exhibition Documenta II in Kassel, Germany, he saw

2392-435: Was deemed not necessary to the museum. Following the backlash, the museum instead chose to sell the villa on the condition that the buyer wouldn't tear it down. As of 2021 the museum has seen "uninterrupted growth" since 2006. Each work demands to be seen without too much competition from other works of art and without a restrictive landscape setting. The architecture of Louisiana is considered to be an instrumental part of

2444-430: Was established. During the second half of the 19th century Humlebæk became a popular resort for the population of Copenhagen during summertime. The Danish steamship company Det Forenede Dampskibs-Selskab ( The United Steamship Company ) opened a ferry line with steamboats sailing up along the coast of Øresund from Copenhagen with a stop in Humlebæk. In 1897 the rail line " The Coast Line " from Copenhagen to Helsingør

2496-421: Was opened. The railway line had a stop in the newly established Humlebæk Station . The opening resulted in a major boost of Humlebæk and its surroundings. The train station was placed a bit outside the old village of Humlebæk, the fishing village Sletten and the nearby village Toelt. Over time the different settlements grew together. A new settlement grew from the train station to the coast (New Humlebæk, south of

2548-456: Was painted in 1977 following a visit to the museum. Similarly, Sam Francis created a series of paintings for the museum during his visit in 1979, and Jim Dine's painting for a specific room in the museum. In 2003 the museum was renovated for 50 million kroner in order to improve security and to reduce the risk of fire. In 2013 the museum received harsh criticism after the decision to sell Knud W. Jensen's private villa for demolition, as it

2600-568: Was proposed for students over 11: there were to be primary elementary schools and secondary elementary schools; these became known as primary schools and secondary schools. In some parts of the United States, "primary school" refers to a school covering kindergarten through to second grade or third grade (K through 2 or 3); the "elementary school" includes grade three through five or grades four to six. In Canada, "elementary school" almost everywhere refers to Grades 1 through 6; with Kindergarten being referred to as "preschool." Though often used as

2652-527: Was reportedly due to the sellers objection on the grounds of modern art not being art. Jensen had been interested in art and literature since the 1940s, but after acquiring the publishing company Gylendal in 1952, his interest in art materialized; Jensen founded the Art at the Workplace association, leasing artworks to companies for the enjoyment of their employees. Meanwhile, he found conventional art museums at

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2704-541: Was subsequently expanded with the addition of the Vestfløj (West Wing) in 1966 and again in 1971, collectively adding two more floors. The change in architectural direction with the expansion of the Sydfløj (South Wing) in 1982, is largely the result of the increasing size and dimensions of the works of art in the exhibitions. According to Jensen, large portions of the permanent collection had to be stored away for most of

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