68-706: The Huron-Wendat Nation (or Huron-Wendat First Nation ) is an Iroquoian-speaking nation that was established in the 17th century. In the French language, used by most members of the First Nation, they are known as the Nation Huronne-Wendat . The French gave the nickname Huron to the Wendat, from the French word hure meaning 'boar's head' because of the hairstyle of Huron men, who had their hair standing in bristles on their heads. Wendat (Quendat)
136-476: A channel of water through which Lake Simcoe discharges into Lake Couchiching . (Natural Resources Canada gives a related translation: "it originated as the Mohawk phrase tkaronto, which means "where there are trees standing in the water". According to several Mohawk speakers and aboriginal language expert John Steckley. Mohawks used the phrase to describe The Narrows, where Hurons and other natives drove stakes into
204-676: A dramatic decline in some fish species, along with an increase in algae blooms and aquatic weed growth. Phosphorus emissions from both urban and rural sources have upset the lake's ecosystem and fostered excessive aquatic plant growth, raising water temperatures, and decreasing oxygen levels, thereby rendering limited breeding grounds inhospitable. Lake Simcoe has been victim to zebra mussel , purple loosestrife , black crappie , spiny water flea , round goby , rusty crayfish and Eurasian milfoil invasions. The zebra mussel, which arrived in North American waters in 1985, originated in
272-429: A matrilineal clan system which has clans named after certain animals. There are eight matrilineal clans: Turtle, Wolf, Bear, Beaver, Deer, Hawk, Porcupine, and Snake. In order to unify, each person in each clan, no matter their nation or village, was seen as related. Thus, people would have to marry a person outside of their clan. About 70% of the area north and west of Lake Simcoe and south and east of Georgian Bay, where
340-689: A municipality now enclosed within Quebec City in Canada. The 1760 Huron–British North American Peace Treaty, lost in 1824 but rediscovered in the 1990s, showed that a large chunk of land named Seigneurie de Sillery (now part of Quebec City) was sold to the Hurons in 1760 by the Jesuits . Therefore, the Huron-Wendats have a contemporary claim to this valuable land. Today, Wendake tourism
408-604: A place "where trees stand in the water". Lake Simcoe contains a large island, Georgina, which along with Snake Island and Fox Island forms the reserve of the Chippewas of Georgina Island First Nation . The lake is dotted with several smaller islands, including Thorah Island (a cottage destination), Strawberry Island , Snake Island, Helmers Island and Fox Island. Pope John Paul II stayed on Strawberry Island for four days just before World Youth Day 2002 in Toronto. Before
476-653: A source of controversy between the Wyandotte Nation and individual Wyandot descendants in Kansas. The former wanted to sell the property for redevelopment. Kansas City was also eager for that development, as the city had annexed all of the property in the area. By 1907 it was a prime site, near a new Carnegie Library , the Grund Hotel, and the Masonic Temple under reconstruction after a fire. In 1906,
544-458: A ten-man police department providing 24-hour law enforcement response to the Nation and surrounding area. In 2022, 6,883 people are enrolled members of the nation. Only about 25 percent of the tribe lives within the state of Oklahoma. In 2011, that was 1,218 of 4,957 members. Enrollment is based in lineal descent; that is, the tribe has no minimum blood quantum requirement. The tribe operates
612-647: A treaty signed with the United States in 1785 confirmed their landholdings. However, the 1795 Treaty of Greenville greatly reduced its size. The 1817 Treaty of Fort Meigs reduced the Wyandotte lands drastically, leaving the people only small parcels in Ohio . In 1842, the Wyandotte nation all of its land east of the Mississippi River, under pressure of the United States government policy to remove
680-551: Is a remnant of a much bigger, prehistoric lake known as Lake Algonquin . This lake's basin also included Lake Huron , Lake Michigan , Lake Superior , Lake Nipigon , and Lake Nipissing . The melting of an ice dam at the close of the last ice age greatly reduced water levels in the region, leaving the lakes of today. The lake is located on Paleozoic limestone of the Ordovician period. However, due to deep deposits of glacial sediments, this bedrock only appears exposed along
748-521: Is also well known for its scuba diving. The ship J. C. Morrison sank in 1857 and is a great dive site off Centennial Beach. There are also a number of other popular scuba diving entrance points popular among fresh water divers. Kempenfelt Bay is the most popular for scuba divers as it is the deepest. Visibility ranges from over 30 feet to almost zero. Ontario Provincial Police , South Simcoe Police Service , York Regional Police , Durham Regional Police , and Barrie Police have marine units that patrol on
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#1732772218262816-571: Is considered as a sister language to the Wendat language that was previously used in the Huron-Wendat Confederacy. Some linguists saw this as a dialect or a modern form of the Wendat language. It was reported that the language is mostly used in Oklahoma, United States. Around the second half of the 19th century, Wendat died out because there was no living speakers. However, in the 1970s and 1980s, attempts were being made to revive
884-399: Is still an attraction; however, there are also a number of poker runs, jet-skiing, and other boating events. The lake is surrounded with summer cottages leading to heavy recreational and boating use in summer. There are a number of beaches which attract visitors from the greater Toronto area, as Lake Simcoe has a reputation for cleaner and warmer water than nearby Lake Ontario beaches. Many of
952-750: Is the main economic drive, which includes a developed historic sector, a residential district and an industrial zone. As of April 2022, registered members of the Huron-Wendat Nation in Wendake, Quebec consists of 4,578 members. In the late 16th century, Wendat Confederacy was formed to defend against their common enemy, which was the Iroquois Confederacy. Wendat Confederacy consisted of four allied nations, including Attinniaoenten (Bear), Atingeennonniahak (Cords), Arendaenronnon (Rock), Atahontaenrat (Deer) and Ataronchronon (Bog). However,
1020-632: Is within Durham Region , where as Strawberry Island and Helmers Island are privately owned but within the boundaries of Ramara in Simcoe County . Grape is within Orillia and Goffatt is within Ramara with both owned privately by residents. The lake is about 30 kilometres (19 mi) long, 25 kilometres (16 mi) wide and 722 square kilometres (279 sq mi) in area. Lake Simcoe
1088-516: The Black Sea and Caspian Sea area and is thought to have been brought to North America in the ballast of foreign freighters. Zebra mussels are particularly harmful to Lake Simcoe because they increase the clarity of the water allowing sunlight to penetrate to the bottom of the lake, where more algae and aquatic weeds can grow, accelerating the eutrophication process. The Rainbow Smelt are another introduced species and they were first observed in
1156-604: The Huron Cemetery in present-day Kansas City, Kansas . In 1971 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places . It was renamed Wyandot National Burying Ground . After the American Civil War , Wyandotte people who had not become citizens of the United States in 1855 in Kansas, were removed a final time in 1867 to present-day Oklahoma. They were settled on 20,000 acres (81 km ) in
1224-685: The Kawartha lakes system and Lake Ontario. From its connection to Lake Couchiching, the Severn River is the only drainage from the lake to Georgian Bay, part of Lake Huron (Simcoe itself is not one of the Great Lakes ). The canal locks of the Trent-Severn Waterway make this connection navigable . A number of creeks and rivers flow into the lake: The lake has little commercial activity, but sees many recreational uses. In
1292-449: The St. Lawrence Iroquoians , who established villages located near present-day Montreal visited by early French explorers. Archaeologists have excavated large, 16th-century settlement sites north of Lake Ontario, suggesting that this may have been a site of the coalescence of the Wendat people. They later migrated to the area near Georgian Bay , where they were encountered by French explorers in
1360-581: The Three Sisters ), they produced surpluses for trading with nearby non-agricultural peoples. As the Iroquois and other Native Americans did not plow their land, a team of scholars (Mt. Pleasant and Burt) concluded that their lands retained more organic matter and thus were higher in yields of maize than early Euro-American farms in North America. Similar to other Iroquoian-speaking people,
1428-635: The Wyandot (Huron) natives; The Wyandot name for the lake was rendered as Wentaron in European sources up until the 20th century. A 1675 map by Pierre Raffeix referred to the lake with the French term Lac Taronto and a 1687 map by Lahontan called it Lake Taronto , while the name Tarontos Lac appeared on a 1678 map of New France by cartographer Jean-Baptiste-Louis Franquelin . The term Taranto refers to an Iroquoian expression meaning gateway or pass. Taronto had originally referred to The Narrows,
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#17327722182621496-590: The Wyandot of Anderdon Nation in Michigan. The tribes pledged to provide mutual aid to each other in a spirit of peace, kinship, and unity. This followed an important meeting of Huronia reconciliation in Midland , Ontario, Canada , attended by representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy , Wyandotte nations, British, French, Dutch, Anglican Church and Catholic Jesuit brothers. The weekend of events
1564-692: The eastern woodlands . The name is thought to mean "dwellers on a peninsula" or "islanders". The first Wendat Confederacy was created around 1400 CE, when the Attignawantan (Bear Nation) and Attigingueenongnahac (Cord People) combined forces. They, in turn, were joined by the Arendaronon (People of the Rocks), Ataronchronon (People of One Lodge), and the Tahontaenrat (Deer Nation). Scholars once believed these peoples to be remnant bands of
1632-508: The federally recognized Wyandotte Nation that has a headquarter in Wyandotte, Oklahoma . Wendat or Huron was the spoken language of the Huron-Wendat Nation in Quebec, Canada and some parts of Oklahoma in the United States, and it was traditionally spoken by Wyandot, Wyandotte or Huron people. The language was closely related to the Iroquois language. Wyandot (or sometimes known as Wandat)
1700-842: The Bearskin Fitness Center, the Wyandotte Nation Environmental Department, and the Bearskin Health and Wellness Center. The Turtle Speaks is the tribal newspaper. The tribe owns the Wyandotte Nation Casino in Wyandotte, Oklahoma. It owns a truck stop, a fuel station, and a smoke shop. They issue their own tribal vehicle tags . It owns the 7th Street Casino in the former Scottish Rite Masonic Temple in Kansas City, Kansas . It has legal control of
1768-465: The Europeans around 1634 to 1642, particularly measles, influenza and smallpox, their population reduced significantly to about 9,000 people. Today, as of April 2022, the number of registered members of the Huron-Wendat Nation in Wendake, Quebec consists of 4,578 members. In the United States, there are around 5,900 people that are identified as Wyandot or Wyandotte, currently enrolling as members of
1836-708: The Holland River in Cook's Bay. This plant's purpose is to support intensification of development in the Lake Simcoe watershed. A number of southern Ontario rivers flow, generally north, into the lake, draining 2,581 km (997 sq mi) of land. From the east, the Talbot River , part of the Trent–Severn Waterway , is the most important river draining into Lake Simcoe, connecting the lake with
1904-491: The Huron built in longhouses that had a rectangular shape with rounded roofs that were covered by bark panels. These houses were built to serve as homes for extended families. Wendat clothing was mostly made from deer and beaver hides. Their clothes were very decorative by using porcupine quills, feathers, and wampum, and red was the most favourite colour in their culture. Men wore loincloths and moccasins on their feet, and in
1972-538: The Huron-Wendat nation occupied, was agricultural land. Because of this, most Huron-Wendat were farmers, and their economy was based on horticulture by growing maize, beans and squash. The Huron ( Wyandotte ) lived in Ontario near the northern limit of where agriculture was feasible and had less fertile soils than many other regions to the south and west. Nevertheless, with polyculture (practiced predominantly with
2040-471: The Lake , are using the $ 250,000 they raised from the sale of a nude picture calendar to rally government, business, the school system, and the local citizenry to rescue the lake. Several towns and communities on the lakeshore depend on Lake Simcoe for their drinking water. The Region of York is currently finalizing plans for a sewage treatment plant to be constructed on the shores of Lake Simcoe to be located on
2108-522: The Laws of the country over any of them, except in so far as each is pleased to submit to them. There is no punishment which is inflicted on the guilty, and no criminal who is not sure that his life and property are in no danger" The Wendats were a matrilineal society in which status and property were inherited through the women's line. Property, clan membership and position could potentially be passed down. Similar to other Iroquois nations, Wendat society used
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2176-661: The Native Americans to the West. It made a treaty with the U.S. government by which it was to be compensated for its lands. The tribe was removed to the Delaware Reservation in present-day Kansas , then considered Indian Territory. During this migration and the early months, it suffered much illness. In 1843, survivors buried their dead on a high ridge overlooking the Missouri River in what became
2244-653: The US Congress passed Public Law ch. 843, 70 Stat. 893 to terminate the Wyandotte Tribe of Oklahoma as part of the federal Indian termination policy . Three years were allotted for completion of termination. One of the stipulations required that a parcel of land in Kansas City, Kansas , reserved as the Huron Cemetery, which had been awarded to the Wyandot by treaty on 31 January 1855, was to be sold by
2312-552: The United States government, the tribe gradually moved south and west to Michigan , Ohio , Kansas , and finally Oklahoma in the United States. The headquarters of the federally recognized Wyandotte Nation is in Wyandotte, Oklahoma , and their tribal jurisdictional area is in Ottawa County, Oklahoma . Billy Friend is the elected Chief, currently serving a four-year term. The Wyandotte Nation issues its own tribal vehicle tags and operates its own housing authority. It has
2380-533: The United States. Litigation was filed by a group of Absentee Wyandot against the United States and Kansas City, prohibiting the federal government from fulfilling the terms of the termination statute and ultimately preventing termination of the Wyandotte Nation. The Bureau of Land Management records confirm that the Federal Register never published the termination of the Wyandotte lands and thus they were never officially terminated. When Congress restored
2448-487: The Wyandotte Nation authorized the U.S. Secretary of Interior to sell the cemetery, with the bodies to be reinterred at nearby Quindaro Cemetery. This proposal was opposed by Lyda Conley (Wyandot) and her two sisters in Kansas City, who launched what became a multiyear campaign to preserve the burying ground. They gained much support. In 1916, Senator Charles Curtis ( Kaw / Osage / Prairie Potawatomi } of Kansas, who
2516-537: The associated Wendat and Petun peoples came together as a new group, which became known as the Wyandot or Wyandotte. By the beginning of the 18th century, the Wyandotte people had moved into the Ohio River Valley , extending into areas of what would become West Virginia , Indiana , and Michigan . Around 1745, large groups settled near Upper Sandusky, Ohio . After the American Revolution ,
2584-544: The basin. Isostatic rebound from the retreat of the last glaciers results in a steady rise of Lake Simcoe, particularly at its south end, and is further responsible for the deep organic sediments that have accumulated in its one-time shallow southern arm, known as the Holland Marsh. Here, organic deposits created by vegetation have largely kept pace with the steady rise in water level, and today supports extensive market gardening. All rivers, and most streams, flowing into
2652-490: The beaches are used for kite surfing as well. Willow Beach in Georgina on the south shore is one of the largest and most popular public beaches on Lake Simcoe. There are seven yacht clubs (sailing) around the lake, which host a number of regattas, and an active sailing community exists on the lake. The lake also forms part of the Trent–Severn Waterway system that links Lake Ontario and Georgian Bay/Lake Huron. Lake Simcoe
2720-537: The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places . In 1998, the Wyandotte Nation and the Wyandot Nation of Kansas , an unrecognized tribe , reached an agreement to preserve the Huron Cemetery for religious, cultural, and related uses appropriate to its sacred history and use. In August 1999, the Wyandotte Nation joined the contemporary Wendat Confederacy, together with the Wyandot Nation of Kansas , Huron-Wendat Nation of Wendake (Quebec), and
2788-608: The communal property of the Huron Cemetery, by then annexed into Kansas City, Kansas. In 1937, seizing the opportunity presented by the US Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act of 1934 to regain tribal structure and self-government, the Wyandotte members organized into the Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma, later changing its name to simply Wyandotte Nation, and achieved federal recognition. The act enabled Native Americans to hold property in common again, and to develop self-government and sovereignty. On August 1, 1956,
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2856-617: The completion of the Trent Severn Waterway , the water level on Lake Simcoe was quite low enabling residents to cross in wagons or walk in ankle deep water to the mainland. However, when it was completed, the water table increased by several feet. Grape Island on the north end the lake is located off of Orillia. To the east of Grape Island is Goffatt Island , a small and private island located within Ramara . Georgina, Snake and Fox Islands are within York Region , Thorah
2924-433: The conquest of Quebec from 1697 to 1791. Lake Simcoe Lake Simcoe is a lake in southern Ontario , Canada, the fourth-largest lake wholly in the province, after Lake Nipigon , Lac Seul , and Lake Nipissing . At the time of the first European contact in the 17th century, the lake was called Ouentironk ("Beautiful Water") by the native Wendat/Ouendat (Huron) people. It was also known as Lake Taronto until it
2992-770: The dormant language by using historical dictionaries and manuscripts from Recollet and Jesuit missionaries. In 2010, the Wendat Community of Quebec and the Wyandot Nation of Oklahoma have been teaching Wendat and Wyandot (the dialect of Wendat) to their community members, respectively. Village, tribe and confederacy made up the basic level of government system in the Huron-Wendat Nation. At the village level, there were several chiefs to represent different clans, and each chief had different status (e.g.: civil or war chief). Most of their status were inherited, but they could fight for that or being appointed by older women of
3060-618: The early 17th century. French explorers encountered the Wyandotte around 1536 and dubbed them the Huron. They were fierce enemies of the nations of the Iroquois Confederacy , then based in present-day New York. Obliterated by smallpox epidemics, the Wendat Confederacy became seriously weakened during the early decades of the early seventeenth century. In 1649, it was defeated by the Iroquois and most members migrated southwest for safety, where they settled with Odawa and Illinois tribes. Others moved east into Quebec. Remnants of
3128-728: The early 1960s. They were believed to compete with native Lake Whitefish and be somewhat responsible for a decline in their populations. Several initiatives, such as the Lake Simcoe Environmental Management Strategy (LSEMS), the Lake Simcoe Conservation Foundation, and the Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority , are making efforts to rectify some of the lake's environmental woes. A local activist group, The Ladies of
3196-541: The lake have wide, deep, navigable mouths as a consequence of the rising waters drowning the river channels. 2017 data for the year prior from the NOAA shows the lake has a yearly average surface temperature of 2.5 degrees Celsius . When a lake is healthy, cold-water fish such as lake trout, herring, and whitefish are abundant and active. It is sometimes known as Canada's ice fishing capital. Lake Simcoe has been victim to significant eutrophication . Lake Simcoe has seen
3264-409: The lake. It was known by this name until the beginnings of Upper Canada, when it was renamed to Lake Simcoe. The lake is bordered by Simcoe County , Durham Region , and York Region . The city of Barrie is located on Kempenfelt Bay , and Orillia is located at the entrance to Lake Couchiching . The watershed draining into the lake contains a population of roughly half a million people, including
3332-561: The lake. This is unlike its one-time smaller sister-lake of 'Lake Minesing' to the west, being a remnant of Lake Algonquin, and, later the Nipissing stage of Lake Huron. This lake's outlet was founded on sediments located near Edenvale, which have largely been cut through, draining most of the lake. Today 'Lake Minesing' exists as the Minesing Swamp, but it re-establishes itself for a short period each spring when spring run-off floods
3400-424: The lakeshore on Georgina Island. This rock, however, also appears along the shore of Lake Couchiching, where sediments are thinner. The outlet of the lake at the north end of Lake Couchiching is controlled by Precambrian bedrock which first makes its appearance about mid-way along this lake. As a result, the lake has persisted to the present, with the outlet-flow unable to cut down through the rock, and thereby draining
3468-531: The last group Ataronchronon (Bog) may have been a division of the Attinniaoenten (Bear) since they may have not attained full membership. Due to diseases introduced by the Europeans and a lack of firearms, in 1648 to 1650, the Wendat Confederacy was defeated by the Iroquois Confederacy. After that, Huron refugees joined with the neighboring Tionontati tribe to form Wyandot, which was a corrupted form of Wendat Confederacy. August 27, 1999, Wendat Confederacy
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#17327722182623536-527: The lineage. The chief organized a council meeting to discuss about current issues within the village, and men and women were welcomed to give opinions. The meeting for the Huron-Wendat Confederacy happened once a year. Jesuit Father Lallemant, noted of the Wendat in 1644: "I do not believe that there is any people on earth freer than they, and less able to allow the subjection of their wills to any power whatever – so much so that Fathers here have no control over their children, or Captains over their subjects, or
3604-503: The nearby Wyandot National Burying Ground . In 2010, the Wyandotte Nation acquired land in Park City, Kansas , with the stated intention of building a gaming casino and hotel. The tribe's annual powwow is held in Oklahoma during the first weekend of September and features contest dancing, gourd dancing , and a social stomp dance . In its own language, the tribe is called Wendat, renamed Wyandotte after merging with other related groups. It consists of Iroquoian -speaking Indians from
3672-502: The northeast corner of Indian Territory . The Seneca, Shawnee, and Wyandotte Industrial Boarding School , also called the Wyandotte Mission, opened for classes in Wyandotte, Oklahoma in 1872. In 1893, the Dawes Act required that the tribal communal holdings in the Indian Territory be divided into individual allotments. The land was divided among the 241 tribal members listed on the Dawes Rolls . The Wyandotte members in Oklahoma retained some tribal structure, and still had control of
3740-467: The northern portion of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). The town of Georgina lies along the entire south shore of Lake Simcoe and consists of smaller residential towns and communities, including Keswick on Cook's Bay , Sutton , Jackson's Point , Pefferlaw , and Udora . The town of Innisfil occupies the western shore south of Barrie and north of Bradford. Eastside Simcoe includes the towns of Beaverton, Brechin and Lagoon City. Lake Couchiching
3808-401: The other Oklahoma Tribes , it included the Wyandotte in the repeal. On May 15, 1978, in a single Act titled Public Law 95-281, the termination laws were repealed, and the three tribes were reinstated with all rights and privileges they had prior to termination. For decades, the Huron Cemetery (also known as Huron Park Cemetery, and now formally known as the Wyandot National Burying Ground) was
3876-488: The portage route running south from that point, the Toronto Carrying-Place Trail. Radiocarbon dating of surviving stakes reveals that the weirs at The Narrows were in use more than 4,000 years ago. The meaning of "where trees stand in the water", is likely to have originated from Huron practice of driving stakes into the channel sediments to corral fish. Fresh-cut saplings placed in the water and sediments would have sprouted branches and leaves, persisting for some time, leading to
3944-498: The water to create fish weirs. Since then, many subsequent mapmakers adopted this name for it, though cartographer Vincenzo Coronelli is thought to have introduced the more commonly used spelling of Toronto in a map he created in 1695. The name 'Toronto' found its way to the current city through its use in the name for the Toronto Carrying-Place Trail (or Toronto Passage), a portage running between Lake Ontario and Georgian Bay , that passed through Lake Toronto, which in turn
4012-570: The waters of the lake. Georgina Island Police patrol on Georgina, Fox and Snake Islands with some capability to respond to marine needs off these islands. As part of Orillia, Grape Island is policed by the OPP. Wyandotte Nation The Wyandotte Nation is a federally recognized Native American tribe headquartered in northeastern Oklahoma . They are descendants of the Wendat Confederacy and Native Americans with territory near Georgian Bay and Lake Huron . Under pressure from Haudenosaunee and other tribes, then from European settlers and
4080-402: The winter, it freezes over completely and hosts a number of ice fishing competitions, making it one of the most intensely fished lakes in Ontario. However, claims that it is one of the world's largest lakes that freeze over completely in winter are pure speculation, and, in fact, spurious; Canada alone has a large number of lakes of the same size or larger that do the same. In the summer, fishing
4148-536: The winter, they wore sleeves and a cloak made of fur. On their backs, they wore fire pouches so that they could carry tobacco pipes, charms and personal belongings. Wendat men tended to smoke, so it was common for them to carry a pipe. Women wore the same thing as men, but instead of loincloths, they wore skirts. The book, Revisiting 1759 , was written by author Thomas Peace and published by the University of Toronto Press in 2012. In chapter 6, Peace talks about how Huron-Wendat Nation responded to changes that happened during
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#17327722182624216-452: Was a Kaw Native American, championed a successful bill to protect the cemetery as a national park and provide some funds for maintenance. Ironically, this dispute over the cemetery saved the tribe from termination during the 1950s. Over the years, the Wyandotte Nation continued to explore ways to increase revenues for the tribe, including the redevelopment of the Huron Cemetery. Descendants in Kansas vigorously resisted these efforts. In 1971,
4284-458: Was at one time thought of as a third bay of Simcoe, known as the Bristol Channel; however, the narrows between the two bodies of water separate them enough to consider this to be another lake. The narrows, known as "where trees stand in the water", an interpretation of the word 'Toronto', was an important fishing point for the First Nations peoples who lived in the area, and the Mohawk term toran-ten eventually gave its name to Toronto by way of
4352-439: Was given by John Graves Simcoe in 1793 in memory of his father, Captain John Simcoe. Captain Simcoe was born on 28 November 1710, in Staindrop , in County Durham , northeast England, and served as an officer in the Royal Navy , dying of pneumonia aboard his ship, HMS Pembroke , on 15 May 1759. Historically, at the time of the first European contact in the 17th century, the lake was called Ouentironk ("Beautiful Water") by
4420-406: Was reaffirmed by signing a document with their mothers blood: The Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma (United States), Wyandot Nation of Kansas (United States), the Wyandot of Anderdon Nation (Michigan, United States) and the Huron Wendat of Wendake (Quebec, Canada). Before the 16th century, the Huron-Wendat's population was approximately 20,000 to 25,000 people. However, when diseases were brought by
4488-399: Was renamed by John Graves Simcoe , the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada , in memory of his father, Captain John Simcoe of the Royal Navy. In Anishinaabemowin , the historical language of the First Nations living around this lake, namely Anishinaabek of Rama and Georgina Island First Nations, the lake is called Zhooniyaang-zaaga'igan , meaning "Silver Lake". Lake Simcoe's name
4556-443: Was their confederacy name, meaning 'people of the island' or 'dwellers on a peninsula'. The nation inhabited the area between Lake Simcoe and Georgian Bay , historically known as Wendake ( Huronia ), conquered and devastated in the 17th century Beaver Wars , which prompted the surviving Hurons to move east to Quebec, under French protection. It now has two communities and reserves, Wendake 7 and Wendake 7A , at Wendake, Quebec ,
4624-406: Was used as the name for an early French fort located at the foot of the Toronto Passage, on Lake Ontario. The Severn River , its outlet stream, was once called 'Rivière de Toronto' which flows into Georgian Bay's Severn Sound, then called the 'Baie de Toronto'. Later French traders referred to it as Lac aux Claies , meaning "Lake of Grids (or Trellises)" in reference to the Huron fishing weirs in
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