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91-490: Hyderabadi Muslims , also referred to as Hyderabadis , are a community of Deccani people , from the area that used to be the princely state of Hyderabad in the regions of Marathwada , Telangana , and Kalyana-Karnataka . While the term " Hyderabadi " commonly refers to residents in and around the South Indian city of Hyderabad , regardless of ethnic origin, the term " Hyderabadi Muslims " more specifically refers to

182-745: A Hyderabadi Muslim identity endures among the Indian diaspora. The largest concentration of Hyderabadi Muslims is in the old city of Hyderabad . After the Partition of India and the Incorporation of Hyderabad by India , the Muslims of the state lost their privileged status, so significant numbers chose to migrate to other countries such as Pakistan , the Arab States of the Persian Gulf ,

273-858: A broad repertoire of rice, wheat and meat dishes and the skilled use of various spices, herbs and natural edibles. Some famous Hyderabadi cuisine (dishes) that are served at weddings are: Hyderabadi Biryani , Haleem , Khubani ka Mitha , Gil-e-Firdaus , Double Ka Meetha , Luqmi , Kaddu ki Kheer (A type of Kheer ), Mirchi ka Salan and Baghare Baigan . Other popular food items are: Chakna , Tamate ka Kut , Khatti Dal , Dalcha , Shirmal , Rawghani Roti, nihari , pasande, Pathar Ka Ghosht , Naan , Dum Ka Murgh, Khagina , Khichdi , Nargisi Kheema, Shaami, Kofte, Tala Hua Ghosht, Poori, Kheer, Sheer Khorma , Til ka Khatta, Til ki Chutney and Qubuli, Shikampur, Tahari, Khichdi . The Arab dishes Mandi and Shawarma are also popular. The dishes are tied to events, such as Hyderabadi Haleem , made almost exclusively during

364-620: A conflict lasting four decades, found a natural enemy in the Bahmanids of the northern Deccan, over the control of the Godavari-basin, Tungabadhra Doab, and the Marathwada country, although they seldom required a pretext for declaring war. Military conflicts between the Bahmanids and Vijayanagara were almost a regular feature and lasted as long as these kingdoms continued. These military conflicts resulted in widespread devastation of

455-684: A distinct cultural identity from other Dakhini Muslims . Even though the princely state of Hyderabad had once reached the southernmost points of India, it's the culture from the known landlocked territories of the Nizam, that constitutes Hyderabadi Muslim culture , while the Dakhini Muslims of the Carnatic , and the Circars, developed their own distinct culture, and culinary tradition. The Chaush community, even though they speak Urdu, and live in

546-593: A lot of mehmaan nawaazi (hospitality). The Qutb Shahs were regarded as the great patrons of Urdu , Persian and Telugu language. The region saw a growth of Deccani Urdu literature, the Deccani Masnavi and Diwan composed during those periods are among the earliest available manuscripts in the Urdu language. The literary work of this region is influenced with the regional Marathi , Telugu , and Kannada in parallel with Arabic and Persian including

637-523: A significant portion of the Urdu speaking minority, the Muhajirs . The Deccani people are further divided into various groups that can broadly be lumped into three: the Hyderabadis (from Hyderabad State ); Mysoris (from Mysore state , including Bangalore ), and Madrasis (from Madras state , including Kurnool , Nellore , Guntur and Chennai ). Deccani is the mother tongue of most Muslims in

728-582: A social order similar to the class system of Victorian England . The Nizam allied himself with the British early on, with ensuing political stability. After the fall of the Mughal Empire in 1857 , many Muslim writers, poets, scholars, musicians and other eminent personalities migrated from Delhi to Hyderabad in hope of seeking patronage of the Nizam or the nobility. Muslims continued to emigrate to

819-448: Is compared to most Hyderabadi Muslims, who have ancestries from various ethnic origins, most notably from Northern India, are less a homogeneous group. Hyderabadi Muslims, are noted for their hospitable nature also known as Deccani Tehzeeb . While Hyderabadi Muslims take pride in their "Nawabi" language, literature, poetry, architecture, and cuisine, the performing arts are often overlooked, especially regarding Hyderabadi culture. In fact,

910-634: Is not a recognized language as such. Along with the languages they learn from birth, they can speak Hindi , which is mutually intelligible with standard Urdu , and taught in most Indian schools. Hyderabadi Muslims can also speak the majority languages spoken in the regions they live, namely Telugu , Marathi , and Kannada . The other important characteristic of the natives is cultural refinement in terms of interpersonal communication, referred to as meethi boli (sweet and civilised speech). Tameez , tehzeeb and akhlaq (etiquette, custom, and tradition) are considered very important and guests are treated well with

1001-651: Is observed by the Shia minority. Processions are held every year and are attended by both Shia and Sunni Muslims, since the time of the Qutb Shahi dynasty as well as the Nizams . Though Asaf Jahs (Nizams), rulers of erstwhile Hyderabad State, were Sunni Muslims, they continued to patronise the observance of Muharram. It was during their time that special colonies for Shias were built in Darulshifa and surrounding areas. It

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1092-559: Is traditionally worn by Hyderabad brides. Sometimes the kurta is sleeveless and worn over a koti resembling a choli . The bride also wears a matching ghoonghat (veil) over her head. The accompanying jewellery is: The Sherwani is the traditional men's garb of Hyderabad. It is a coat-like tunic with a tight-fitting collar (hook & eyelet fastening), close-fitting in the upper torso and flaring somewhat in its lower half. It usually has six or seven buttons, often removable ones made from gold sovereigns for special occasions. The material

1183-567: Is usually silk or wool. A groom may use gold brocade for his wedding sherwani, but otherwise good taste dictates understated colors, albeit with rich and textured fabrics. The sherwani is usually worn over a silk or cotton kurta (long shirt) and pyjamas (baggy pants with a drawstring at the waist). The Sherwani is closely associated with Hyderabad, although it has spread since to the rest of India and to Pakistan. Former Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru adapted its design and turned it into his trademark Nehru Jacket , further popularizing

1274-514: The Booker Prize and the Booker of Bookers , wove its narrative around children born at midnight of 14–15 August 1947 with magical abilities. Freedom at Midnight (1975) is a non-fiction work by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre that chronicled the events surrounding the first Independence Day celebrations in 1947. Few films centre on the moment of independence, instead highlighting

1365-894: The Chief Ministers of individual states unfurl the national flag, followed by parades and pageants. Until 1973, the Governor of the State hoisted the National Flag at the State capital. In February 1974, the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi took up the issue with then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi that the Chief Ministers, like the Prime Minister, should be allowed to hoist the national flag on Independence Day. Since 1974, Chief Ministers of

1456-666: The Constitution of India came into effect on and from 26 January 1950; since then 26 January is celebrated as Republic Day . In 1946, the Labour government in Britain, its exchequer exhausted by the recently concluded World War II , realised that it had neither the mandate at home, the international support nor the reliability of native forces for continuing to maintain control in an increasingly restless India. On 20 February 1947, Prime Minister Clement Attlee announced that

1547-646: The Deccan , including the Maharashtran regions of Marathwada and Vidarbha , and the states of Telangana , Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka (except Tulu Nadu ) and northern Tamil Nadu . They form a majority in the old cities of Hyderabad and Aurangabad. After the Partition of India and the annexation of Hyderabad , large diaspora communities formed outside the Deccan, especially in Pakistan , where they make up

1638-589: The Hanafi jurisprudence. Islam in Hyderabad, with historical patronizing by the rulers, has a strong Sufi influence. Tablighi Jamaat has also been active since the late 1950s, with its headquarters at Jama Masjid Mallepally. Salafi movement within Sunni Islam is also influential in some areas. Bismillah ceremony is an Islam initiation ceremony held for children, unique to the region. Mourning of Muharram

1729-584: The Indian National Congress Party , formed in 1885. The period after World War I was marked by colonial reforms such as the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms , but it also witnessed the enactment of the unpopular Rowlatt Act and calls for self-rule by Indian activists. The discontent of this period crystallised into nationwide non-violent movements of non-cooperation and civil disobedience, led by Mahatma Gandhi . During

1820-749: The Indian subcontinent by the late 17th century. Through overwhelming military strength, the East India Company fought and annexed local kingdoms and established themselves as the dominant force by the 18th century. Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led the British Crown to assume direct control of India. In the decades following, civic society gradually emerged across India, most notably

1911-712: The National Democratic Front of Bodoland , marred celebrations. With increasing insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir from the late 1980s, separatist protesters boycotted Independence Day there with bandh (strikes), use of black flags and by flag burning . Terrorist groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba , the Hizbul Mujahideen and the Jaish-e-Mohammed have issued threats, and have carried out attacks around Independence Day. Boycotting of

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2002-702: The Nizam's court. The contemporary qawwals Ateeq Hussain Khan and the Warsi Brothers reside in Hyderabad and perform regularly in the city. The native cooking style of the community is the Hyderabadi cuisine , which evolved during the Asaf Jahi period. It is heavily influenced by Mughal , Turkish , and Arab along with the influence of the native Telugu and Marathwada cuisines. It comprises

2093-719: The Rebellion of Ismail Mukh . Hasan Gangu revolted against the Tughlaq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate , with the revolt being led by another Afghan, named Ismail Mukh. Ismail Mukh succeeded and then abdicated in favor of Zafar Khan, who founded the Bahmani Sultanate. Hasan Gangu was one of the inhabitants of Delhi who were forced to immigrate to Daulatabad in the during the Delhi Sultanate, with

2184-454: The Tryst with Destiny speech proclaiming India's independence. Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history when we step out from the old to

2275-540: The United States , UK , Canada and Australia . A section of Muslims in Hyderabad are of Hadhrami Arab origin, who came to serve in the Nizam's military. They are known as Chaush and mostly reside in the Barkas neighbourhood of Hyderabad. Opposed to the popular belief, they are not considered a part of Hyderabadi Deccani Muslims. There are also some Siddis who are of African descent. In Pakistan , most of

2366-526: The assassination of Indira Gandhi , prime ministers would give their speeches from behind a bullet-proof glass panel. Since 2014, when Narendra Modi was elected as prime minister, he did away with this tradition. Nevertheless, additional intense measures were taken to ensure security of Modi. On Independence Day and Republic Day, patriotic songs in regional languages are broadcast on television and radio channels. They are also played alongside flag-hoisting ceremonies. Patriotic films are broadcast. Over

2457-546: The 14th century C.E. during the rule of the Bahmani Sultans . The term "bidriware" originates from the township of Bidar, which is still the chief center of production. Bidriware is a Geographical Indication (GI) awarded craft of India. Independence Day (India) This is an accepted version of this page Independence Day is celebrated annually on 15 August as a public holiday in India commemorating

2548-500: The 18th century, patronized the Kathak dance form in the courts of the Nizam, which is now being lost amongst Hyderabadi Muslims. Apart from these, a traditional Hyderabadi Muslim wedding is identified by various local traditional elements, such as the traditional garb, Sherwani for the groom and Khada Dupatta along with jewelry for the bride, as well as Hyderabadi cuisine served at the ceremony. Another cultural practice unique to

2639-604: The 1930s, the reform was gradually legislated by the British; Congress won victories in the resulting elections. The next decade was beset with political turmoil: Indian participation in World War II , the Congress' final push for non-cooperation, and an upsurge of Muslim nationalism led by the All-India Muslim League . The escalating political tension was capped by Independence in 1947. The jubilation

2730-524: The Bahmanid dynasty as the basis of legitimacy, and minted Bahmanid coins rather than issue their own coins. The Nizam Shahs and Berar Shahs were founded by the heads of the Deccani Muslim party. The Adil Shahi Sultanate, which was founded by a Shia Georgian slave , also switched to a Deccani ethnic and political identity under Ibrahim Adil Shah I , who established Sunnism (the religion of

2821-666: The British and their allies. Eventually, after existing for 38 years, the Deccani Muslim Sultanat-e-Khudadad ( transl.  God-gifted kingdom ) would be defeated by an alliance of the British, Hyderabad and the Marathas, and the Wadiyars were reinstated on the Mysori throne. Deccani style painting originated in the 16th century in the Deccan region, containing an insightful native style with

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2912-467: The British government would grant full self-governance to British India by June 1948 at the latest. The new viceroy , Lord Mountbatten , advanced the date for the transfer of power, believing the continuous contention between the Congress and the Muslim League might lead to a collapse of the interim government. He chose the second anniversary of Japan's surrender in World War II, 15 August, as

3003-472: The Congress instructions issued from time to time" until India attained complete independence. Celebration of such an Independence Day was envisioned to stoke nationalistic fervour among Indian citizens, and to force the British government to consider granting independence. The Congress observed 26 January as the Independence Day between 1930 and 1946. The celebration was marked by meetings where

3094-909: The Deccani Muslims). He degraded the Afaqis (Persians) and dismissed them from their posts with a few exceptions, replacing them with nobles of the Deccani party. Uniting in a coalition under the leadership of Hussain Nizam Shah, the Nizam Shahi Sultan, the five Deccan Sultanates defeated the Hindu Vijayanagar empire in the Battle of Talikota , resulting in the Sack of Vijayanagara. Hussain Nizam Shah personally beheaded

3185-576: The Hindu Wadiyar Kingdom of Mysore and became a cavalry officer in 1749. Once he took control of the army, he took advantage of court politics, stormed into Srirangapatna , and proclaimed himself ruler . Having styled himself as sultan in 1761, Hyder Ali launched a preemptive war against the Marathas , westernizing the army of Mysore in the process and developing the first successful iron-cased rockets as an artillery weapon. With

3276-522: The Hyderabadi migrants are settled in the southern port city of Karachi . According to a 2003 Estimate, the population of the Hyderabadi population in Karachi was stated to be 200,000. The main neighbourhoods where the Hyderabadi migrants in Karachi initially settled were Hyderabad Colony , Bahadurabad , and Liaquatabad . In 2007, a replica of the famous Charminar monument in Hyderabad was built at

3367-623: The Marava and Kallar warrior chiefs of the south Indian hinterland. Their fortress towns soon acquired concentrations of migrant Deccanis and Urdu-speaking service people, mostly Sunnis. These incomers included seasoned fighters who had seen service with the Mughals and the Muslim states in northern India. This was the source of the phenomenal rise of rulers such as Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan . Hyder Ali had initially served as an ordinary soldier for

3458-584: The Prime Minister highlights the past year's achievements, raises important issues and calls for further development. He pays tribute to the leaders of the Indian independence movement . The Indian national anthem, " Jana Gana Mana ", is sung. The speech is followed by a march past of divisions of the Indian Armed Forces and paramilitary forces . Parades and pageants showcase scenes from the independence struggle and India's diverse cultural traditions. Similar events take place in state capitals where

3549-632: The Vijayanagar Emperor, Rama Raya . The first mention of the Pindaris referred to Muslim mercenaries generally settled in the districts of Bijapur, who had served as mercenaries for the armies of most of the Muslim Deccani kingdoms. They took part in the numerous wars against the Mughals of Delhi. The disintegration of the Muslim kingdoms of the Deccan led to the gradual disbandment of the Pindaris. These were at that stage taken in

3640-399: The adoption of poetic meters and a great quantity of renovated words. The Fifth Sultan of the dynasty, Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah was himself an Urdu poet . The period of Nizams saw a growth of literary growth since after printing was introduced in Hyderabad. In 1824 AD, the first collection of Urdu Ghazals named Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa (Mahlaqa's garden of flowers) written by Mah Laqa Bai ,

3731-477: The attendants took the "pledge of independence". Jawaharlal Nehru described in his autobiography that such meetings were peaceful, solemn, and "without any speeches or exhortation". Gandhi envisaged that besides the meetings, the day would be spent " ... in doing some constructive work, whether it is spinning, or service of 'untouchables,' or reunion of Hindus and Mussalmans, or prohibition work, or even all these together". Following actual independence in 1947,

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3822-411: The blend of Persianate techniques and is similar to neighbouring Vijayanagara paintings. Due to Islamic influence, Deccani paintings are mostly of nature and inspired by local floral and fauna . Some Deccani paintings present the historical events of the region. The craftspersons of Bidar were so famed for their inlay work on copper and silver that it came to be known as Bidri . It was developed in

3913-402: The borders divided the Sikh regions in halves, massive bloodshed followed; in Bengal and Bihar , where Mahatma Gandhi's presence assuaged communal tempers, the violence was mitigated. In all, between 250,000 and 1,000,000 people on both sides of the new borders died in the violence. While the entire nation was celebrating the Independence Day, Gandhi stayed in Calcutta in an attempt to stem

4004-432: The carnage. On 14 August 1947, the Independence Day of Pakistan , the new Dominion of Pakistan came into being; Muhammad Ali Jinnah was sworn in as its first Governor General in Karachi . The Constituent Assembly of India met for its fifth session at 11 pm on 14 August in the Constitution Hall in New Delhi. The session was chaired by the president Rajendra Prasad . In this session, Jawaharlal Nehru delivered

4095-454: The celebration has also been advocated by insurgent Maoist rebel organisations. In the anticipation of terrorist attacks, particularly from militants, security measures are intensified, especially in major cities such as Delhi and Mumbai and in troubled states such as Jammu and Kashmir . The airspace around the Red Fort is declared a no-fly zone to prevent aerial attacks and additional police forces are deployed in other cities. Since

4186-446: The commercialism. Indian Postal Service publishes commemorative stamps depicting independence movement leaders, nationalistic themes and defence-related themes on 15 August. Independence and partition inspired literary and other artistic creations . Such creations mostly describe the human cost of partition, limiting the holiday to a small part of their narrative. Salman Rushdie 's novel Midnight's Children (1980), which won

4277-498: The contested areas by both sides, resulting in considerable loss of life and property. Military slavery involved captured slaves from Vijayanagar and having them embrace a Deccani identity by converting them to Islam and integrating into the host society, so they could begin military careers within the Bahmanid empire. This was the origin of powerful political leaders such as Nizam-ul-Mulk Bahri. The five Deccan Sultanates of diverse origins continued to identify as successor states of

4368-403: The culture of the Hyderabadi Muslims is being lost. The founding of the city of Hyderabad can be attributed to Ali who is popularly known as Hyder meaning The Lion and four minartes of Charminar represents four caliphs. Tales of the legendary dancers Taramati, and Premamati, are also an insight into the rich culture under the Qutb Shahi era. Mah Laqa Bhai , a prominent Hyderabadi Muslim poet of

4459-425: The date of power transfer. The British government announced on 3 June 1947 that it had accepted the idea of partitioning British India into two states; the successor governments would be given dominion status and would have an implicit right to secede from the British Commonwealth . The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo 6 c. 30) of the Parliament of the United Kingdom partitioned British India into

4550-778: The day with a 24-hour fast, during which he spoke to a crowd in Calcutta, encouraging peace between Hindus and Muslims. 08.30 am. Swearing in of governor general and ministers at Government House 09.40 am. Procession of ministers to Constituent Assembly 09.50 am. State drive to Constituent Assembly 09.55 am. Royal salute to governor general 10.30 am. Hoisting of national flag at Constituent Assembly 10.35 am. State drive to Government House 06.00 pm. Flag ceremony at India Gate 07.00 pm. Illuminations 07.45 pm. Fireworks display 08.45 pm. Official dinner at Government House 10.15 pm. Reception at Government office. The day's programme for 15 August 1947 Independence Day, one of

4641-520: The decades, according to The Times of India , the number of such films broadcast has decreased as channels report that audiences are oversaturated with patriotic films. The population belonging to Generation Y often combine nationalism with popular culture during the celebrations. This mixture is exemplified by outfits and savouries dyed with the tricolour and garments that represent India's various cultural traditions. Shops often offer Independence Day sales promotions. Some news reports have decried

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4732-435: The diaspora and the local populace. Pageants celebrate "India Day" either on 15 August or an adjoining weekend day. As early as three years after independence, the Naga National Council called for a boycott of Independence Day in northeast India . Separatist protests in this region intensified in the 1980s; calls for boycotts and terrorist attacks by insurgent organisations such as the United Liberation Front of Assam and

4823-552: The emerging dominance of the indigenous Telugu, Marathi, and Kannada languages respectively. Their native language Dakhini became a home language, while Urdu , once dominant in the politics of these regions became comparatively less widespread. The relative isolation of Hyderabad until annexation to India , its distinctive dialect of Urdu and the strong web of interconnecting family relationships that still characterizes Hyderabadi Muslims, sometimes leads to charges of parochialism from other Indian Muslim communities, but it also ensures

4914-414: The erstwhile Hyderabad State, are usually not considered Hyderabadi Muslims, since they came recently to the region. Even though they absorbed many Hyderabadi Muslim cultural features, namely language and cuisine (Chaush cuisine has more Arab influences), they're a more homogeneous group, of Hadhrami Arab ancestry, and reside in close knit Chaush communities such as the Barkas neighborhood of Hyderabad. This

5005-422: The first time in history the Nizams introduced Urdu as a language of court, administration and education. Other notable poets, scholars and writers of the early 20th century are Amjad Hyderabadi , Makhdoom Mohiuddin , Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri , Mohiuddin Qadri Zore and Sulaiman Areeb . Maharaja Sir Kishen Pershad , although not a Muslim himself, was steeped in Hyderabadi Muslim Culture and wrote poetry under

5096-409: The garment. Attar , or Ittar is a traditional perfume made from botanical sources. It is still available in the bazaars near Charminar and at the Moazam Jahi Market . Many of the older generations still prefer attar over modern perfumes . The majority of Hyderabadi Muslims are Sunni Muslims with Sufi influences and the minority is Twelver Shia and Ismaili . Sunni Muslims mostly follow

5187-441: The incumbent Prime Minister customarily raises the flag and gives an address to the nation. The entire event is broadcast by Doordarshan , India's national broadcaster, and usually begins with the shehnai music of Ustad Bismillah Khan . Independence Day is observed throughout India with flag-hoisting ceremonies, parades and cultural events. It is a national holiday in the country. European traders had established outposts in

5278-502: The invasions and political turmoil, that affected North India. This allowed the Muslim-ruled state of Hyderabad to develop a distinctive culture during the Qutb Shahi dynasty , brief Mughal rule and later the Asaf Jahi dynasty of the Nizams . According to Time , the seventh Nizam was the richest man in the world during the late 1940s, and fifth richest person of all time according to Forbes magazine after adjustment for inflation and currency purchasing power parity. The Nizam

5369-416: The latter half of the reign of the Asif Jahi Dynasty in Hyderabad. The culture exists today mainly in Hyderabad , Aurangabad , Parbhani , Nanded , Raichur , Bidar , Gulbarga , and among the Hyderabadi Muslim diaspora around the world, in particular, Pakistan, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf , USA, Canada and the United Kingdom. The Deccan plateau acted as a bulwark sheltering South India from

5460-444: The leadership of Mahatma Gandhi . Independence coincided with the partition of India , in which British India was divided into the Dominions of India and Pakistan ; the partition was accompanied by violent riots and mass casualties. On 15 August 1947, the first Prime Minister of India , Jawaharlal Nehru raised the Indian national flag above the Lahori Gate of the Red Fort in Delhi . On each subsequent Independence Day,

5551-462: The main crossing of Bahadurabad . Some notable Pakistani people who migrated from the former Hyderabad State include Abul A'la Maududi , Anwar Maqsood , Asif Iqbal Razvi , Faysal Quraishi , Mohammed Ehteshamuddin , Muhammad Raziuddin Siddiqui , Naseer Turabi , Syed Mohammad Ahsan , and Waheed Yar Khan . Hyderabadi Muslims today, refer to the Urdu speaking Muslim community, from the 1801 landlocked princely state of Hyderabad , who developed

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5642-537: The metropolitan city of Karachi but their Hyderabadi Muslim identity was lost, and replaced by Karachi's cosmopolitan culture. The Hyderabadi Muslims who stayed in integrated Andhra Pradesh were faced with new language issues, and a wave of immigration of more Telugu people from the coastal areas as well as other Indian states, especially after 1956. After the Indian reorganization of 1956 , with states being divided on linguistic lines, Hyderabadi Muslims, in Telangana , Marathwada , and Kalyana-Karnataka were faced with

5733-481: The month of Ramadan , and Sheer Khorma which is especially made on the day of Eid-ul-Fitr . Talawa Gosht is prepared on Fridays. Irani chai is enjoyed throughout the city, along with Osmania biscuits . Irani cafes found all over Hyderabad serve these along with lukhmi , samosa and other snacks. The Khada Dupatta or Khara Dupatta (uncut veil) is an outfit composed of a kurta (tunic), chooridaar (ruched pair of pants), and 6-yard dupatta (veil) and

5824-404: The nation's independence from the United Kingdom on 15 August 1947, the day when the provisions of the Indian Independence Act , which transferred legislative sovereignty to the Indian Constituent Assembly , came into effect. India attained independence following the independence movement noted for largely non-violent resistance and civil disobedience led by Indian National Congress under

5915-411: The national flag to the assembly. The Dominion of India became an independent country as official ceremonies took place in New Delhi. Nehru assumed office as the first prime minister , and the viceroy, Lord Mountbatten , continued as its first governor general . Gandhi's name was invoked by crowds celebrating the occasion; Gandhi himself however took no part in the official events. Instead, he marked

6006-441: The native Urdu speaking ethnic Muslims of the erstwhile princely state. The collective cultures and peoples of Hyderabad Deccan were termed " Mulki ", (countryman), a term still used today. The native language of the Hyderabadi Muslims is Hyderabadi Urdu , which is a dialect of the Deccani language . With their origins in the Bahmani Sultanate and then the Deccan sultanates , Hyderabadi culture and cuisine became defined in

6097-399: The new city region prefer voting for the TRS. Hyderabadi Muslims actively participated in the 1857 rebellion, such as Maulvi Allauddin , Turrebaz Khan . Dakhini Muslims Following the demise of the Bahmanis, the Deccan Sultanate period marked a golden age for Deccani culture, notably in the arts , language, and architecture . The Deccani people form significant minorities in

6188-411: The new when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. It is fitting that at this solemn moment, we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity. The members of the Assembly formally took the pledge of being in the service of the country. A group of women, representing the women of India, formally presented

6279-456: The occasion. National flags of different sizes are used abundantly to symbolise allegiance to the country. Citizens adorn their clothing, wristbands, cars, household accessories with replicas of the tri-colour. Over a period of time, the celebration has changed emphasis from nationalism to a broader celebration of all things India. In some places of Nadia , West Bengal , Independence Day celebrated on 17–18 August instead of 15 August, as

6370-413: The pen name Shad . In 2017, Urdu was declared the second official language of the state of Telangana (after Telugu ). This move was praised by many, especially Muslims of Hyderabad who spoke Urdu as their mother tongue. Though, the once great dance traditions among the Hyderabadi Muslims are almost lost, two distinct, cultural practices are still popular, namely Marfa , and Dholak ke Geet. Marfa

6461-548: The politics in Hyderabad's Old City , and consistently wins seats for the Lok Sabha (Lower House of Indian Parliament) and the Telangana Legislative Assembly . The party claims to represent the interests of Muslims by campaigning for greater protection of minority rights across the country. A rival breakaway faction of the AIMIM is the Majlis Bachao Tehreek that also claims to represent the interests of Muslims in Hyderabad headed by Majeed Ullah Khan Farhat and his more prominent younger brother Amjed Ullah Khan . Whereas, those of

6552-527: The purpose of building a large Muslim urban centre in the Deccan. The Bahmanids' aggressive confrontation with the two main Hindu kingdoms of the southern Deccan, Warangal and Vijayanagar, made them renowned among Muslims as warriors of the faith. Ahmad Shah Bahmani I conquered Warangal kingdom in 1425, annexing it to the empire. The Vijayanagar empire, which had subdued the Madurai Sultanate after

6643-557: The region is Tasmia Qwani also known as Bismillah Ceremony , family ceremony in which a Muslim child is initiated to read the Quran . It is also characterized by local elements. Communal Harmony, known as Ganga-Jamuni Tehzeeb , is integral to the Culture of Hyderabad . Other than musical forms of art, Hyderabadi Muslims have taken great honour in the writing, and reading of poetry, and annual Mushairas and Mehfils take place around

6734-596: The respective states have been allowed to hoist the national flag on Independence Day. Flag-hoisting ceremonies and cultural programmes take place in governmental and non-governmental institutions throughout the country. Schools and colleges conduct flag hoisting ceremonies and various cultural events. Governmental and non-governmental institutions decorate their premises with paper, balloon decorations with hangings of freedom fighter portraits on their walls and major government buildings are often adorned with strings of lights. In Delhi and some other cities, kite flying adds to

6825-444: The rest of Nadia district except Nabadwip had become part of Pakistan for map drawing error. The error was corrected on the night of 17 August after popular protests. The Indian diaspora celebrates Independence Day around the world with parades and pageants, particularly in regions with higher concentrations of Indian immigrants. In some locations, such as New York and other US cities, 15 August has become "India Day" among

6916-459: The rule of the seventh Nizam lasted for a year, until 18 September 1948, when the Indian Army launched Operation Polo Hyderabadi military forces who wished for Hyderabad State to remain independent. The Indian army soon decided to intervene. The operation resulted in the massacre of thousands of Muslims . The Invasion of Hyderabad by the newly independent Dominion of India , other than

7007-549: The service of the Marathas. The inclusion of the Pindaris eventually became an indispensable part and parcel of the Maratha army. As a class of freebooters in Maratha armies they acted as a "sort of roving cavalry...rendering them much the same service as the Cossacks for the armies of Russia." The Pindaris would also later be used by kings such as Tipu Sultan. Muslim military men with Deccani background were much sought after by

7098-604: The shock of the controversial massacre , created an identity crisis for the Hyderabadi Muslim people. Thousands of Hyderabadi Muslims emigrated from the then integrated Indian state of Andhra Pradesh to Pakistan, the UK, the U.S. and Canada, resulting in a large diaspora. The people who migrated to Pakistan were covered under term Muhajir , along with other Urdu-speaking immigrants from present day India . The Muhajir people began to dominate politics and business mainly in

7189-413: The standard dialect of Urdu . In terms of pronunciation, the easiest way to recognize a Hyderabadi Urdu is use of "nakko"(no) and "hau"(yes); whereas in standard Urdu it's "nahi" for (no) and "haa" for (yes). Though Hyderabadi Urdu or Dakhini are the native languages of the Hyderabadi Muslim people, most people can speak standard Urdu , and often put Urdu as their mother tongue on censuses, as Dakhini

7280-490: The state seeking employment in the Nizam's court, army, Hyderabad Civil Service or educational institutions. Among those who spent significant time in Hyderabad are writers Dagh Dehlvi , Fani Badayuni , Josh Malihabadi , Ali Haider Tabatabai , religious scholar Shibli Nomani and classical musicians Tanrus Khan and Bade Ghulam Ali Khan . After Indian independence from the British Raj , Hyderabad State , under

7371-500: The states of Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, and it is spoken by a section of Muslims in Maharashtra, Goa , Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The word Deccani ( Persian : دکنی from Prakrit dakkhin "south") was derived in the court of Bahmani rulers in 1487 AD during Sultan Mahmood Shah Bahmani II . The Bahmanid empire was founded by Hasan Gangu , or also known as Zafar Khan, a ruler of Afghan or Turk origin. following

7462-648: The three National holidays in India (the other two being the Republic Day on 26 January and Mahatma Gandhi's birthday on 2 October), is observed in all Indian states and union territories. On the eve of Independence Day, the President of India delivers the "Address to the Nation". On 15 August, the Prime Minister hoists the Indian flag on the ramparts of the historical site of Red Fort in Delhi. In his speech,

7553-454: The time of the Nizams , and is sung at weddings, accompanied by a Dholak drum. Qawwali is also popular among the community, and is performed regularly at dargahs such as Dargah Yousufain and Dargah Pahadi Shareef . It used to be patronized by the Nizams as well as the nobility. The great classical musicians such as Bade Ghulam Ali Khan , Inayat Khan , Ustad Tanrus Khan , Munshi Raziuddin and Bahauddin Khan used to perform at

7644-425: The two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan (including what is now Bangladesh ) with effect from 15 August 1947, and granted complete legislative authority upon the respective constituent assemblies of the new countries. The Act received royal assent on 18 July 1947. Millions of Muslim, Sikh and Hindu refugees trekked the newly drawn borders in the months surrounding independence. In Punjab , where

7735-516: The withdrawal of Madhav Rao , he overran the borderlands between the kingdoms and seized land and immense booty, increasing his power. Ultimately, this brought him into conflict with the British Empire , between whom a series of wars would begin. His son and successor Tipu Sultan would inherit both conflicts. He saw victory against the Marathas and allied with the French in order to fight

7826-452: The world, which has become a symbol of unity for Hyderabadi Muslims, and Urdu poets alike, continuing an ancient tradition. One of the most identifiable markers of Hyderabadi Muslim culture is the local dialect of Urdu , called Hyderabadi Urdu which in itself is a form of Dakhini . It is distinct by its mixture of vocabulary from Turkish , Persian and Arabic , as well in some vocabulary from Telugu and Marathi that are not found in

7917-524: Was brought by the Siddi and Chaush peoples, of Africa and Yemen , who were deployed in the army of the Nizams . This music, is accompanied by the beating drums of a great tradition, which were once popular in national celebrations of the dissolved Hyderabad state , is still popular among Hyderabadi Muslims in weddings. Dholak ke geet is also one such tradition. Dholak ke geet are songs, that have been orally passed down from generation to generation since

8008-947: Was during the Asaf Jahi period that several ashurkhanas were built. Religious knowledge and its propagation flourished under the Nizam with institutions like the world-famous Jamia Nizamia . The largest Mosque of Hyderabad, the Makkah Masjid gathers congregations of more than two hundred thousand on the occasions of Eid prayers and Jumu'at-al Wida . (the last Friday of Ramadan ) Hyderabad has also produced many renowned religious scholars representing different Islamic sects and trends, including Bahadur Yar Jung , Muhammad Hamidullah , Hashim Amir Ali , Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri , Sayyid Ahmedullah Qadri , Abul Ala Maududi and M. A. Muqtedar Khan . All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen party, currently led by Asaduddin Owaisi dominates

8099-601: Was printed and published from Hyderabad. After the Revolt of 1857 , many Urdu writers, scholars and poets who lost their patronage at Delhi made Hyderabad their home, that grew and brought reforms in the literary and poetry work. Scholars continued to migrate to Hyderabad during the reign of Asaf Jah VI and his successor Asaf Jah VII . These included Shibli Nomani , Dagh Dehlvi , Fani Badayuni , Josh Malihabadi , Ali Haider Tabatabai , Zahir Dehlvi and many others. The reign of Nizam VII saw many reforms in literary work. For

8190-761: Was tempered by the bloody partition of colonial India into India and Pakistan. Hasrat Mohani was the first person in Indian History who demanded 'Complete Independence' (Azadi-e-Kaamil), at the 1929 session of the Indian National Congress, the Purna Swaraj declaration, or "Declaration of the Independence of India" was promulgated, and 26 January was declared as Independence Day in 1930. The Congress called on people to pledge themselves to civil disobedience and "to carry out

8281-584: Was the Muslim ruler of the vast princely Hyderabad State. The capital city of Hyderabad was primarily Urdu-speaking Muslim until the incorporation of Hyderabad into India and the subsequent rise to dominance of the native Telugu-speaking Hindu people of Telangana . The state's economy was agrarian, and Hyderabad was primarily a government and administrative hub, run mostly (but far from exclusively) by Muslims. The aristocracy, jagirdars and deshmukhs (wealthy landowners), and even minor government officials, could afford to hire servants, usually also Muslims, in

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