54-813: Ikatan Motor Indonesia ( Indonesian Motor Association / abbreviated IMI ) is the association of sports cars, motorcycles and automotive clubs in Indonesia. Originally founded in Semarang , Indonesia , 27 March 1906 as the Javasche Motor Club ,it was later renamed into the Koningklije Het Nederlands Indische Motor Club (KNIMC). The club was then transformed into the Indonesische KNIMC Motor Club after obtaining sovereignty from
108-721: A Dutch fugitive namely Untung Suropati . Captain François Tack arrived in Kartasura to arrest him. Amangkurat II pretended to help the Dutch East India Company. But, he secretly tasked Prince Puger to be disguised as Untung Suropati's follower. In a bitter fight that took place around Kartasura Palace in February 1686, the 75-man Dutch troops were killed by Untung Surapati's troops, including Captain Tack who
162-584: A conflict between his father and Raden Mas Rahmat (later Amangkurat II of Mataram ) occurred. RM. Rahmat was Prince Puger's half-brother, born in Ratu Kulon (the first queen consort of Amangkurat I). Amangkurat I relinquished the crown prince title from RM. Rahmat and ceded it to RM. Darajat. But, when the Kajoran family was proven to support the Trunajaya rebellion in 1674, Amangkurat I was forced to draw
216-541: A generator of urban economic growth. After the departure of Herman Willem Daendels , Napoleonic governor of Java, the Dutch reorganized Java into Residencies , and Semarang became the seat of the new Semarang Residency in 1817. An important influence on urban growth was the Great Mail Road project in the 1847, which connected all the cities in the northern coast of Central and East Java and positioned Semarang as
270-535: A great wise ruler. He ruled from 1705 to 1719. His son succeeded him with the title Amangkurat IV . Born as Raden Mas Darajat, he was the son of Amangkurat I , the last Mataram ruler based in Plered , from his second queen consort, Ratu Wetan. Ratu Wetan originated from the Kajoran family, descended from the Sultans of Pajang . RM. Darajat was once appointed as a crown prince ( Javanese : adipati anom ) when
324-435: A majority of the council to support its development. Changing tack, Tillema then worked to improve the existing kampongs in the city's malarial districts by improving drainage and providing more sanitary public toilets and public housing. A decade later, the town approved Thomas Karsten 's revised plan for the area, using it to build larger villas for the Dutch and wealthy Chinese and Javanese rather than allowing its use by
378-432: A pious Muslim area called Kauman , a Chinese quarter, and a Dutch fortress. The fortress has a pentagonal form with only one gate in the south and five monitoring towers to protect the Dutch settlement from rebellion actions, segregating the spaces between Dutch settlement and other areas. In fact, the city of Semarang was only referred to the Dutch quarter while the other ethnic settlement were considered as villages outside
432-464: A series of northern Java mountain ranges that stretch from Banten to East Java. The hilly area in the city of Semarang is known as the upper city (Semarang Dhuwur). This hilly region is also the upstream area of the big rivers that flow in the city of Semarang. The upper city area is also near Mount Ungaran . Semarang features a tropical monsoon climate ( Köppen : Am ). The city features distinctly wetter and drier months, with June through August being
486-836: A vital financial contribution to Indonesia due to the growing trade and industry and services. As a consequence, people's purchasing power increased, capital inflows, consumer confidence, and doing business indexes were relatively conducive to the development of several CBDs such as Simpang Lima City Center (SLCC) , Pemuda Central Business District (PCBD) , and Gajahmada Golden Triangle (GGT) . Major Indonesian and international financial and banking sectors alikes such as Bank Mandiri , BCA , BNI , BRI , Panin Bank , HSBC , Bank Permata , Standard Chartered , RaboBank , Citibank, DBS , UOB, OCBC NISP , KEB Hana Bank , CIMB Niaga , and Maybank have regional offices in Semarang. The western part of
540-481: Is Islam with a significant Christian minority. Religion in Semarang 2023 Semarang has a large Chinese community. As in other regions of Java, especially in Central Java, they have mingled closely with the local population and use Javanese in communication for hundreds of years. About 3.5% of the city's population is ethnic Chinese, many residing in a Chinatown in the vicinity of Gang Pinggir. The Chinatown
594-475: Is a city that has a unique topographic condition in the form of a narrow lowland area and hilly areas extending from the west side to the east side of Semarang City. The city is located about 558 km (347 miles) east of Jakarta and 312 km (194 miles) west of Surabaya. Lowland areas in Semarang City are very narrow. The lowland area in western Semarang only has a width of 4 km (2.5 miles) from
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#1732801117574648-500: Is called "Kampong Pecinan Semawis" and expresses many aspects of traditional Chinese culture including foods, rituals, and houses of worship. Ethnic Groups in Semarang As the capital city of Central Java, and fifth largest city of Indonesia, the economy of Semarang is quite large. Semarang has transformed and changed dynamically towards a better direction. In a period of less than 10 years, Semarang Metropolitan continues to build
702-532: Is connected to Solo by Semarang–Solo Toll Road . Semarang's largest bus terminals are Mangkang and Terboyo. The primary means of public transportation is by minibus, called " bis ". Ojek ( motorcycle taxis ), Angkot ( share-taxi ) micro-buses, taxi-cabs plays vital role in public transportation of the city. Go-Jek and Grab have online taxi and Ojek services. Semarang is served by bus rapid transit called Trans Semarang , which operates in six routes. Perum DAMRI also serves in six designated routes in
756-540: Is constructing Semarang River at Banjir Kanal Barat (Garang River) near Karangayu Bridge. In the middle of July 2011, gardens in river banks and some traditional boats are available to use. The project will be finished in 2013 with river gardens, trotoars, garden lighting, water activities, art sites, sport sites and balconies and stairs for sightseeing. In August 2011, a 421 m (1,380 ft) tunnel dodger at Kreo river has been finished and Jatibarang Dam construction can begin, with completion targeted for July 2013. The dam
810-419: Is known as the lower town (Semarang Ngisor), as well as the center of the city's economic activity. Under these conditions, the lower city area is often hit by annual flooding and its peak during the rainy season. In a number of regions, especially North Semarang, floods are sometimes also caused by overflowing sea tides (tidal floods). The hilly area in Semarang stretches on the south side. These hills are part of
864-430: Is located on the northern coast of Java. The city of Semarang is one of the most important cities located on the north coast of Java and is the main hub connecting Jakarta and Surabaya , and cities in the southern interior of Java Surakarta and Yogyakarta . Semarang City has a height ranging from 2 m (6.6 ft) below sea level up to 340 m (1,120 ft) above sea level with a slope of 0%–45%. Semarang City
918-473: Is planned to release 230 m /s (8,100 cu ft/s) of flood water and will generate 1.5 MW of electricity, provide a drinking water resource and a boost to tourism. The largest ethnic group in Semarang is the Javanese , followed by minorities of Chinese, Arabs , Indian , and others (including local ethnicities such as Sundanese , Batak , Madura , Malay , Balinese etc.). The dominant religion
972-532: Is served by a number of operators including AirAsia , Citilink , Batik Air , Garuda Indonesia , and Lion Air which provide services to Jakarta , Bali , Kuala Lumpur , and Singapore . In 2018, the airport terminal was relocated to a new and much larger site; the old terminal continues to be used for government and military flights. The main seaport is the Tanjung Mas seaport. Pakubuwono I Pakubuwono I (also as Pakubuwana I, before his reign
1026-555: Is understandable because the Javanese chronicles were written in the era of Prince Puger-descended rulers. Amangkurat II successfully ascended to the throne because of Dutch assistance, but accompanied by a treaty that worsened the Kartasura-based Mataram Sultanate. When the situation was conducive, the anti- Dutch Patih Nerangkusuma persuaded him to betray the treaty. In 1685, Amangkurat II protected
1080-601: The British and Dutch military completely. Semarang city administration is headed by mayor, with a legislative assembly. Both mayor and the 50 members of legislative assembly are elected by direct vote. The government of Semarang City had implemented the smart city concept since 2013. Juridically, Semarang City is a municipality (second level area) consisting of 16 districts ( kecamatan ), which are again divided into 177 urban villages ( kelurahan ). The districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at
1134-633: The Dutch East India Company (VOC) as a part of a debt payment. In 1682, the Semarang state was founded by the Dutch colonial power. On 5 October 1705 after years of occupations, Semarang officially became a VOC city when Susuhunan Pakubuwono I made a deal to give extensive trade rights to the VOC in exchange of wiping out Mataram 's debt. The VOC, and later, the Dutch East Indies government, established tobacco plantations in
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#17328011175741188-697: The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), the world bodies for 2, 3 and 4 wheeler motor sports respectively. Semarang Semarang ( Javanese : ꦏꦸꦛꦯꦼꦩꦫꦁ ) is the capital and largest city of Central Java province in Indonesia . It was a major port during the Dutch colonial era , and is still an important regional center and port today. The city has been named as the cleanest tourist destination in Southeast Asia by
1242-1238: The 2010 census and 2020 census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the number and names of the urban administrative villages in each district. ( Javanese : ꦩꦶꦗꦺꦤ꧀ , romanized: Mijèn ) ( Javanese : ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁꦥꦛꦶ , romanized: Gunungpathi ) ( Javanese : ꦧꦚꦸꦩꦤꦶꦏ꧀ , romanized: Banyumanik ) ( Javanese : ꦒꦗꦃꦩꦸꦁꦏꦸꦂ , romanized: Gajah Mungkur ) ( Javanese : ꦱꦼꦩꦫꦁꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭ꧀ , romanized: Sěmarang Kidul ( Javanese : ꦕꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦱꦫꦶ , romanized: Candhisari ) ( Javanese : ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦭꦁ , romanized: Tĕmbalang ) ( Javanese : ꦥꦼꦢꦸꦫꦸꦔꦤ꧀ , romanized: Pědurungan ) ( Javanese : ꦒꦼꦤꦸꦏ꧀ , romanized: Genuk ) ( Javanese : ꦒꦪꦩ꧀ꦱꦫꦶ , romanized: Gayamsari ) ( Javanese : ꦱꦼꦩꦫꦁꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀ , romanized: Sěmarang Wétan ) ( Javanese : ꦱꦼꦩꦫꦁꦭꦺꦴꦂ , romanized: Sěmarang Lor ) ( Javanese : ꦱꦼꦩꦫꦁꦩꦢꦾ , romanized: Sěmarang Madyå ) ( Javanese : ꦱꦼꦩꦫꦁꦏꦸꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ , romanized: Sěmarang Kulon ) ( Javanese : ꦠꦸꦒꦸ , romanized: Tugu ) ( Javanese : ꦔꦭꦶꦪꦤ꧀ , romanized: Ngaliyan ) Semarang
1296-487: The 9th century, when it was known as Bergota. At the end of the 15th century, appointed by the demak sultanate an islamic scholar named Ki Ageng Pandan Arang [ id ] founded a village and an Islamic school in this fishing village. On 2 May 1547, Sultan Hadiwijaya of Pajang declared Pandan Arang as the first bupati (mayor) of Semarang, thus creating Semarang administratively and politically. In 1678, Sunan Amangkurat II promised to give control of Semarang to
1350-493: The ASEAN Clean Tourist City Standard (ACTCS) for 2020–2022. It has an area of 373.78 km (144.32 sq mi) and had a population of 1,555,984 at the 2010 census and 1,653,524 at the 2020 census, making it Indonesia's ninth most populous city after Jakarta , Surabaya , Bekasi , Bandung , Medan , Depok , Tangerang and Palembang ; the official population estimate as at mid-2023
1404-893: The Kingdom of the Netherlands under the Government of the Republic of Indonesia (Department of Transportation). The club currently goes under the name of Ikatan Motor Indonesia (IMI) - renamed as such in 1950, with headquarters in the Right Wing of the Tennis Stadium, Jalan Pintu I Senayan in Jakarta . The club is a long-standing member of the Federation Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) and
1458-813: The Semarang Treaty which had to be signed by Prince Puger is, among others, the transfer of Eastern Madura to the Dutch East India Company. On 6 July 1704, Prince Puger was appointed as a ruler styled Susuhunan Paku Buwana Senapati Ingalaga Ngabdurahman Sayidin Panatagama Khalifatulah Tanah Jawa, commonly abbreviated as Pakubuwana or Pakubuwono I. One year later, Pakubuwono I, guarded by joint Dutch, Semarang , Western Madura, and Surabaya troops, moved to invade Kartasura. Kartasura troops assigned to ambush them were led by Arya Mataram , Pakubuwono I's own younger brother. Arya Mataram successfully persuaded Amangkurat III to evacuate to
1512-623: The Trunajaya rebellion. When Trunajaya troops came to Plered Palace, Amangkurat I had evacuated. Prince Puger stood against them. But, the enemy's strength was too great, so he was forced to escape to Jenar village (now in Purwodadi, Purworejo ). Prince Puger built a new palace namely Purwakanda there and appointed himself as a king-styled Susuhunan Ingalaga. Trunajaya plundered Mataram heirlooms. He subsequently moved to his post in Kediri . Meanwhile, Sunan Ingalaga came back to Plered to destroy
1566-406: The area was used for rice cultivation and the only small improvement was the development of a surrounding fortress. Although less developed, Semarang is a fairly well organized city, in which urban activities were concentrated along the river and the settlement is linked to a market where different ethnic groups met to trade. The existence of the market, in the later years, become a primary element and
1620-552: The city boundary. The city, known as de Europeesche Buurt, was built in classical European style with church located in the centre, wide boulevards, streets and villas. According to Purwanto (2005), the urban and architectural form of this settlement is very similar to the design principles applied in many Dutch cities. Due to the long and costly Java War, there was not much funding from the Dutch East Indies government, and this affected Semarang's development. Most land in
1674-419: The city had doubled in size and expanded to the south by the 1920s, creating a nucleus of a metropolis where multi-ethnic groups lived and traded in the city. The villages in the suburbs such as Jomblang and Jatingaleh steadily became the satellite towns of Semarang, more populated with a bigger market area. Before the invasion of Japan in 1942, Semarang had already become the capital of Central Java province, as
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1728-566: The city has many industrial parks and factories. Like other metropolitan cities within Indonesia, due to a developing economy and increasing income, Semarang has many shopping malls. Semarang is on the Indonesian National Route 1 road, which connects it to Merak and Ketapang ( Banyuwangi ). Indonesian National Route 14 toward Bawen starts here. Semarang has a toll road, the Semarang Toll Road . The city
1782-677: The city in the 1870s. Hospitals, churches, hotels, and mansions were built along the new main roads of Mataram Street, Bojongscheweg, and Pontjolscheweg. The Javanese quarters of town known as kampongs grew increasingly densely populated, reaching as many as 1000 inhabitants per hectare and degrading living conditions. Mortality remained high into the early 20th century, with newcomers, overcrowding, and poor hygiene triggering cholera and tuberculous outbreaks. Dysentery , typhoid , and malaria were also rife. The city doctor Willem T. de Vogel advocated strenuously for reducing overcrowding and improving living conditions by extending Semarang into
1836-581: The city. Semarang was connected to Surakarta (Solo) by a rail line in 1870. At present there are two large train stations in Semarang: Semarang Poncol and Semarang Tawang . Semarang is connected to Bandung , Jakarta , and Surabaya by inter-city train services. Kedungsepur commuter rail connects Semarang Poncol Station eastward to Ngrombo Station in Grobogan Regency . Semarang's Ahmad Yani International Airport
1890-467: The coastline, while in the eastern Semarang, the low-lying area has a width of 11 km (6.8 miles) from the coastline. This lowland area is a flood plain from the large rivers that flow in Semarang City, such as Kali Garang (West Flood Canal), Pengkol River, and Bringin River. This low-lying area stretches on the northern side of Semarang and covers almost 40% of the total area of Semarang. This lowland area
1944-437: The driest months. However, the average monthly rainfall does not fall below 60 mm (2.4 in), hence the tropical rainforest categorization. Semarang on average sees approximately 2,800 mm (110 in) of rain annually. Average temperatures in the city are relatively consistent, hovering around 28 °C (82 °F). Diurnal temperature variation slightly increases in the dry season. Like Singapore River, Semarang
1998-427: The east, when he joined with Pakubuwono I. The throne of Kartasura thus fell to Pakubuwono I's hand, exactly on 17 September 1705. The rule of Pakubuwono I was brought up to a new treaty with the Dutch East India Company as a replacement ever signed by Amangkurat II. The old treaty stipulated that Kartasura was obliged to pay Trunajaya war costs for 4.5 million guilders , and the new one stipulated that Kartasura
2052-440: The less malarial hill country to its south; his fellow councilman Hendrik Tillema had campaigned on a platform of combatting malaria and joined De Vogel's scheme, broadening it into a "village improvement" ( Dutch : kampongverbetering ) movement. Purchasing land in the heights with their own money, the two men and some friends passed it on to the city with an initial zoning plan by KPC de Bazel in 1907 but could never convince
2106-650: The local population. After Indonesian independence in 1945, Semarang became the capital of Central Java on 18 August 1945, headed by Mr. Moch.Ichsan. It also became the site of a battle (Five days battle, Pertempuran lima hari ) between the new Indonesian military and Japanese soldiers in October 1945. Shortly after that, what had been the Indonesia-conducted Ambarawa , Magelang , and Ungaran offensives reached Semarang city on 15 December 1945, causing an 87-day battle that swept away
2160-524: The lower city and transportation slow or expensive, few of the lower classes were interested in moving to the district but it set a pattern that was followed with three more successful housing plans between 1916 and 1919. The population grew by 55%, adding 45,000 Javanese, 8500 Chinese, and 7000 Europeans. Karsten's approach to town planning emphasized its aesthetic, practical, and social requirements articulated in economic terms rather than purely racial ones. Driven by economic growth and spatial city planning,
2214-408: The poor. This area became known as Candi Baru ( Dutch : Nieuw Tjandi ) and forms the core of the present-day Candisari District. Although it remained highly stratified by class, Candi Baru had less ethnic segregation than the older area of town and incorporated public squares, athletic facilities, and places for public bathing and washing that could be used communally. With most work remaining in
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2268-452: The region and built roads and railroads, making Semarang an important colonial trading centre. The historic presence of a large Indo (Eurasian) community in the area of Semarang is also reflected by the fact a creole mix language called Javindo existed there. Semarang was handed by the Sultan of Mataram to the Dutch East Indies in 1678. The city was pictured as a small settlement with
2322-428: The remaining Trunajaya's followers placed there. Sunan Ingalaga then appointed himself as a new Mataram ruler. In the meantime, Amangkurat I had died while escaping to Tegal . RM. Rahmat was appointed as the new ruler of Mataram, styled Amangkurat II. As his father's will, Amangkurat II requested the Dutch East India Company for help. The Trunajaya rebellion was eventually suppressed at the end of 1679. Amangkurat II
2376-458: The result of trade and industrial success and spatial planning. The Japanese military occupied the city, along with the rest of Java, in 1942, during the Pacific War of World War II . During that time, Semarang was headed by a military governor called a Shiko, and two vice governors known as Fuku Shiko. One of the vice governors was appointed from Japan , and the other was "chosen" from
2430-430: The title from RM. Darajat. The peak of the Trunajaya rebellion took place in 1677. This Madurese prince made a great invasion of Plered, the capital of Mataram. Amangkurat I escaped to the west and assigned RM. Rahmat to defend the palace. But, RM. Rahmat refused and chose to evacuate as well. Prince Puger appeared to replace his half-brother to prove to his father that not all of Kajoran's family members were involved in
2484-561: The trade centre of agricultural production. The project was soon followed by the development of the Staatsspoorwegen Railway and the connecting roads into the inner city of Semarang at the end of the 19th century. Colombijn (2002) marked the development as the shift of urban functions, from the former river orientation to all services facing the roads. The Dutch East Indies ' mail and railway projects improved communication and transportation, bringing an economic boom to
2538-490: Was Duke Jangrana II , Regent of Surabaya . But Duke Jangrana II secretly supported Prince Puger, so his pursuit was no more than a drama. Rangga Yudanegara, Regent of Semarang , acted as a mediator of Prince Puger in requesting the Dutch East India Company for help. Yudanegara's diplomacy skills successfully made the Dutch East India Company forgive Captain Tack's death. They were prepared to help Prince Puger's struggle with some conditions beneficial to them. The content of
2592-935: Was 1,694,740, comprising 838,440 males and 856,310 females. The built-up urban area had 3,183,516 inhabitants at the 2010 census spread over two cities and 26 districts. The Semarang metropolitan area (a.k.a. Kedungsepur ) has a population of over 6 million in 2020 ( see Greater Semarang section ). The population of the city is predominantly Javanese with significant Chinese presence. [REDACTED] Demak Sultanate (1547–1554) [REDACTED] Kingdom of Pajang (1568–1587) [REDACTED] Mataram Sultanate (1587–1705) [REDACTED] Dutch East India Company (1705–1799) [REDACTED] Dutch East Indies (1800–1942) [REDACTED] Empire of Japan (1942–1945) [REDACTED] Dutch East Indies (1945–1949) [REDACTED] United States of Indonesia (1949–1950) [REDACTED] Indonesia (1950–present) The history of Semarang goes back to
2646-575: Was a king without a palace because Plered had been occupied by Sunan Ingalaga, his half-brother. He built a new palace in Wanakerta forest, later renamed to Kartasura , in September 1680. Amangkurat II then summoned Sunan Ingalaga to join with him, but Sunan Ingalaga turned it down. The refusal caused a civil war. Eventually, on 28 November 1681, Sunan Ingalaga surrendered to Jacob Couper, a Dutch officer who helped Amangkurat II. Sunan Ingalaga himself
2700-615: Was forced to sentence Duke Jangrana II of Surabaya, who previously helped him to ascend the throne, to death, on the ground that the Dutch East India Company found proof that Duke Jangrana II committed treason in the First Javanese War of Succession in 1706. Jangrana II was succeeded by his brother, Jayapuspita, as Regent of Surabaya. In 1714, Jayapuspita refused to appear before Pakubuwono I and prepared for rebellion. 3 years later, joined Kartasura and Dutch troops invaded Surabaya. According to Babad Tanah Jawi , this new battle
2754-641: Was known as Pangeran Puger ), uncle of Amangkurat III of Mataram was a combatant for the succession of the Mataram dynasty, both as a co-belligerent during the Trunajaya rebellion (from 1677 to 1681), and the First Javanese War of Succession (1704–1707). He created a new name for his line, with the title Pakubuwono , the standard name for rulers of the subsequently created Surakarta . Most Javanese chronicles ( Javanese : babad ) depict him as
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#17328011175742808-581: Was obliged to send 13,000 tons of rice per year for 25 years. In 1706, joined Kartasura and Dutch troops running after Amangkurat III who sought protection in Pasuruan . In a battle in Bangil , Untung Suropati, the then Regent of Pasuruan , was killed in action . Amangkurat III himself surrendered in Surabaya in 1708, and was later exiled to Dutch Ceylon (now Sri Lanka ). One year later, Pakubuwono II
2862-476: Was titled Prince Puger again and recognized his half-brother's rule Amangkurat II. The defeat of Prince Puger marked the end of the Mataram Sultanate which became vassal of Sunanate of Surakarta . Despite that, Javanese chronicles still praise Prince Puger's existence as an ordinary man in Kartasura. The king was indeed Amangkurat II, but the government of Sunanate was controlled by Prince Puger. It
2916-609: Was unable to go down from his horse. Amangkurat II died in 1703 and was succeeded by his son Amangkurat III, a king disliked by many people due to his bad attitude, so there was much support for Prince Puger. The relationship between uncle and nephew is strained. Amangkurat III's hostility toward his half-uncle severed when Raden Suryokusumo, son of Prince Puger, rebelled. The hostility culminated in May 1704, when Amangkurat III sent troops to exterminate Prince Puger's family. But, he and his followers successfully escaped. The one tasked to chase
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