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48-512: Ippolito or Eppolito is an Italian surname and given name, and the Italian form of the name of Saint Hippolytus of Rome . It may refer to: Given name [ edit ] Ippolito Adobrandini, birth name of Pope Clement VIII (1536–1605) Ippolito Aldobrandini (cardinal) (1596–1638), Italian cardinal, grandnephew of the above Ippolito Maria Beccaria (1550–1600), Italian Dominican and Master of

96-636: A Greek epitome , a Paleo-Slavonic florilegium , and fragments in Armenian and Syriac as well as in many patristic quotations, especially in Ambrose of Milan 's Exposition on Psalm 118 (119) . It is generally regarded as an instruction relating to a post-Baptismal rite of anointing with oil as a symbol of receiving the Holy Spirit. The commentary was originally written as part of a mystagogy , an instruction for new Christians. Scholars have usually assumed

144-521: A church is dedicated to him. Controversy surrounds the corpus of the writer Hippolytus. In the Victorian Era, scholars claimed his principal work to be the Refutation of all Heresies . Of its ten books, Book I was the most important. It was long known and was printed (with the title Philosophumena ) among the works of Origen. Books II and III are lost, and Books IV–X were found, without

192-486: A complete state and was probably written about 202. Hippolytus follows the long-established usage in interpreting Daniel's seventy prophetic weeks to be weeks of literal years. Hippolytus gave an explanation of Daniel's paralleling prophecies of chapters 2 and 7, which he, as with the other fathers, specifically relates to the Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. His interpretation of events and their significance

240-631: A great deal was incorporated into the Fetha Negest , which once served as the constitutional basis of law in Ethiopia – where he is still remembered as Abulides . During the early 20th century the work known as The Egyptian Church Order was identified as the Apostolic Tradition and attributed to Hippolytus; at present this attribution is hotly contested. Differences in style and theology lead some scholars to conclude that some of

288-622: A person named Hippolytus was really martyred at Porto, and afterwards confounded in legend with Hippolytus of Rome." This opinion is shared by a Benedictine source. Earlier editions of the Roman Martyrology also mentioned on 30 January a Hippolytus venerated at Antioch , but the details were borrowed from the story of Hippolytus of Rome. Modern editions of the Martyrology omit mention of this supposed Saint Hippolytus of Antioch. Novatianism Novatianism or Novationism

336-668: A proto-Apostles' Creed. In the great compilations of ecclesiastical law that arose in the East since the 3rd century, the Church Orders many canons were attributed to Hippolytus, for example in the Canons of Hippolytus or the Constitutions through Hippolytus . How much of this material is genuinely his, how much of it worked over, and how much of it wrongly attributed to him, can no longer be determined beyond dispute, however

384-622: A successor of Novatian at Rome and were everywhere governed by bishops. Because Novatianists (including Novatian) did not submit to the bishop of Rome, they were labeled by Rome as schismatics. Additionally, Rome also labeled Novatianists heretics for denying that the Church had the power to grant absolution in certain cases (such as to the lapsi ). In the 4th and 5th centuries, the Donatist sect in Africa Proconsulare maintained

432-463: Is Christological. Hippolytus did not subscribe to the belief that the Second Coming was imminent. In his commentary on Daniel he criticizes those who predict the Second Coming in the near future, and then says that six thousand years must pass from Creation before the Second Coming. He also says that Christ was born 5500 years after Adam, so 500 years have to pass from the birth of Christ "to

480-473: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Hippolytus of Rome Starting in the fourth century, various legends arose about him, identifying him as a priest of the Novatianist schism or as a soldier converted by Saint Lawrence . He has also been confused with another martyr of the same name. Pope Pius IV identifies him as "Saint Hippolytus, Bishop of Pontus " who was martyred in

528-406: Is said to have suffered martyrdom under Emperor Valerian I (253–260). Novatian should not be confused with one Novatus, a priest of Carthage , who advocated re-admitting the lapsi without an enforced penance . Cyprian of Carthage came to a position opposed to both and advocated a council be held to establish a policy under which former idolaters could be once again admitted to communion with

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576-611: The Commentary On the Song of Songs was originally composed for use during Easter , a season favored in the West for Baptism. Hippolytus supplied his commentary with a fully developed introduction known as the schema isagogicum , indicating his knowledge of the rhetorical conventions for teachers discussing classical works. He employs a common rhetorical trope, ekphrasis , using images on the walls or floors of Greco-Roman homes, and in

624-771: The Father as the creator of the world to combat the teachings of the Gnostics . Novatian also defended the unity of the godhead and humanity in Jesus , and wrote about a distinction between the Son and the Father, to combat Marcionites , Modalists and Adoptionists . Novatian believed that the role of the Holy Spirit was solely to be the source of blessings given during Baptism . Unlike Cyprian , Novatian believed that being inside

672-650: The Virgin Mary , as part of the ordination rite of a bishop. Of exegetical works attributed to Hippolytus, the best preserved are the Commentary on the Prophet Daniel and the Commentary on the Song of Songs . This is the earliest attested Christian interpretation of the Song, covering only the first three chapters to Song 3:7. The commentary on the Song of Songs survives in two Georgian manuscripts,

720-491: The 70 apostles is noteworthy as a (potentially) early source. A consensus of scholarship agrees on a core of authentic texts composed by the second-third century writer Hippolytus, regardless of disputes concerning his community, or the exact dates of his biography: these are the biblical commentaries, including On Daniel, On David and Goliath, On the Song of Songs (partially extant), On the Blessings of Isaac and Jacob, and On

768-560: The Antichrist. These form a sound basis for exploring and understanding his theology and biblical doctrines. Hippolytus is an important figure in the development of Christian eschatology . In his biblical compendium and topical study On Christ and the Antichrist and in his Commentary on the Prophet Daniel Hippolytus gave his interpretation of the second advent of Christ. With the onset of persecutions during

816-1009: The Baroque period Ippolito Galantini (teacher) (1565–1619), Italian Roman Catholic founder of the Congregation of Christian Doctrine of Florence Ippolito de' Medici (1511–1535), illegitimate only son of Giuliano di Lorenzo de' Medici, Lord of Florence Ippolito Nievo (1831–1861), Italian writer, journalist and patriot Ippolito Pindemonte (1753–1828), Italian poet Ippolito Rosellini (1800–1843), Italian Egyptologist Ippolito Rotoli (1914–1977), Italian Roman Catholic prelate, archbishop and papal nuncio Surname [ edit ] Angelica Ippolito (born 1944), Italian actress Ciro Ippolito (born 1947), Italian film director and producer Dalila Ippolito (born 2002), Argentine footballer Dennis Ippolito (born 1942), professor of political science at Southern Methodist University Ian Ippolito , American serial entrepreneur and

864-465: The Order of Preachers Ippolito Caffi (1809–1866), Italian painter Ippolito Desideri (1684–1733), Italian Jesuit missionary and traveller Ippolito d'Este (1509–1572), Italian cardinal and Archbishop of Esztergom Ippolito II d'Este (1509–1572), Italian cardinal Ippolito del Donzello (1455–?), Italian painter and architect Ippolito Galantini (painter) (1627–1706), Italian painter of

912-547: The Roman Breviary . He was also confused with a martyr of the same name who was buried in Portus , of which city he was believed to have been a bishop, who was put to death by drowning in a deep well. According to Prudentius' account, a martyr Hippolytus was dragged to death by wild horses, a striking parallel to the story of the mythological Hippolytus , who was dragged to death by wild horses at Athens. He described

960-540: The West, perhaps partly because he wrote in Hellenic Greek . Pope Damasus I dedicated to a Hippolytus one of his famous epigrams, referring to a priest of the Novatianist schism, a view later forwarded by Prudentius in the 5th century in his "Passion of St Hippolytus". In the Passionals of the 7th and 8th centuries he is represented as a soldier converted by Saint Lawrence , a legend that long survived in

1008-505: The catacombs as paintings or mosaics. Origen felt that the Song should be reserved for the spiritually mature and that studying it might be harmful for the novice. Scholars generally ascribe to Hippolytus a work now entitled the Apostolic Tradition , which contains the earliest known ritual of ordination. The influence of Hippolytus was felt chiefly through his works on chronography and ecclesiastical law. His chronicle of

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1056-473: The cemetery of the Via Tiburtina and was heavily restored. On the sides of the seat was carved a paschal cycle , and on the back the titles of numerous writings by Hippolytus. Many other works are listed by Eusebius of Caesarea and Jerome . The research of Guarducci showed the original statue was a representation of a female figure, reopening the question of its original purpose. Allen Brent analyzed

1104-601: The church is not a requirement for salvation , but that the church is a congregation of saints, and if sinners would be let inside the church, it would endanger the church. Novatians always had a successor of Novatian in Rome (where Novatian was from) and they used the episcopal polity . According to Theodoret , the Novatians did not use confirmation , and according to Eulugius, Novatians did not either venerate martyrs. Novatians forbade remarriage. Christologically Novatian

1152-759: The church. Lardner argues that Eusebius and the Greeks in general were correct in calling the Roman presbyter Novatus, not Novatianus. He attributes the origin of the latter name to Cyprian, who called the Roman presbyter Novatianus, as being a follower of his own rebellious priest, Novatus of Carthage. Novatian in his writings defended the doctrine of the Trinity , argued that the Old Testament prohibitions on meats must be understood spiritually, condemned Christians who attend public games and praised chastity. Novatian

1200-822: The consummation of the six thousand years, and in this way the end will be". In the Eastern Orthodox Church , the feast day of St Hippolytus falls on August 13, which is also the Apodosis of the Feast of the Transfiguration . Because on the Apodosis the hymns of the Transfiguration are to be repeated, the feast of St. Hippolytus may be transferred to the day before or to some other convenient day. The Eastern Orthodox Church also celebrates

1248-483: The feast of "St Hippolytus Pope of Rome" on January 30, who may or may not be the same individual. The Roman Catholic Church celebrates St Hippolytus jointly with St Pontian on August 13. The feast of Saint Hippolytus formerly celebrated on 22 August as one of the companions of Saint Timotheus was a duplicate of his 13 August feast and for that reason was deleted when the General Roman Calendar

1296-447: The founder of numerous tech companies Louis Eppolito , NYPD officer and mafia contract killer Jon Ippolito (born 1962), American artist and educator Nunziante Ippolito (1796–1851), Italian physician and anatomist Tony Ippolito (1917–1951), American National Football League player See also [ edit ] Sant'Ippolito (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share

1344-495: The later Cathars ) to reflect their desire not to be identified with what they considered the lax practices of a corrupted and what was hitherto a universal Church. While Novatian had refused absolution to the lapsi (those who had renounced their Christianity under persecution but later wanted to return to the church), his followers extended the doctrine to include all mortal sins (idolatry, murder, and adultery, or fornication). Most of them forbade second marriage. They always had

1392-454: The letters of Saint Cyprian of Carthage and Ambrose wrote against them. Novatianism survived until the 8th century. Novatian theology was heavily influenced by Tertullian , and made heavy use of his writings. After the martyrdom of Pope Fabian during the Decian persecution , a Roman priest, Novatian , opposed the election of Pope Cornelius in 251, on the grounds that Cornelius

1440-421: The name of the author, in a monastery of Mount Athos in 1842. Emmanuel Miller published them in 1851 under the title Philosophumena , attributing them to Origen of Alexandria . Recent scholarship prefers to treat the text as the work of an unknown author, perhaps of Roman origin. In 1551 a marble statue of a seated figure (originally female, perhaps personifying one of the sciences) was purportedly found in

1488-462: The reign of Septimius Severus , many early Christian writers treated topics of apocalyptic eschatology. On Christ and the Antichrist is one of the earliest works. It is thought Hippolytus was generally influenced by Irenaeus. However, unlike Irenaeus, Hippolytus focuses on the meaning of prophecy for the Church in his own time. Of the dogmatic works, On Christ and the Antichrist survives in

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1536-526: The reign of Severus Alexander through his inscription on a statue found at the Church of Saint Lawrence in Rome and kept at the Vatican as photographed and published in Bunsen. Little is known for certain about his community of origin. One Victorian theory suggested that as a presbyter of the church at Rome under Pope Zephyrinus (199–217 AD), Hippolytus was distinguished for his learning and eloquence. It

1584-489: The same given name or the same family name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ippolito&oldid=1218943488 " Categories : Given names Surnames Italian masculine given names Masculine given names Italian-language surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

1632-731: The stance of the Novatians is disputed and the arguments that Novatians were credobaptist is founded on somewhat weak evidence, and by this point infant baptism had become common and clear among the orthodox writers. Novatian's strict views existed before him and may be found in The Shepherd of Hermas . After his death, the Novatianist sect spread rapidly and could be found in every province and were very numerous in some places. Those who allied themselves with his doctrines were called Novatianists , but they called themselves καθαροι ( katharoi ) or "Purists" (not to be confused with

1680-601: The subterranean tomb of the saint and states that he saw there a picture representing Hippolytus' execution. He also confirms August 13 as the date on which a Hippolytus was celebrated but this again refers to the convert of Lawrence, as preserved in the Menaion of the Eastern Orthodox Church . The latter account led to a Hippolytus being considered the patron saint of horses. During the Middle Ages , sick horses were brought to St Ippolyts , Hertfordshire , England, where

1728-403: The title list of the statue, questioning Hippolytan authorship of some works. Hippolytus' voluminous writings, which for variety of subject can be compared with those of Origen, embrace the spheres of exegesis , homiletics , apologetics and polemic , chronography , and ecclesiastical law . The Apostolic Tradition, if it is the work of Hippolytus, recorded the first liturgical reference to

1776-640: The works attributed to Hippolytus actually derive from a second author. Two small but potentially important works, On the Twelve Apostles of Christ and On the Seventy Apostles of Christ, are often neglected because the manuscripts were lost during most of the church age and then found in Greece in the 19th century. The two are included in an appendix to the works of Hippolytus in the voluminous collection of Early Church Fathers. The work on

1824-467: The world, a compilation embracing the whole period from the creation of the world up to the year 234, formed a basis for many chronographical works both in the East and West. It is from the Apostolic Tradition that the current words of episcopal ordination in the Catholic Church come from, as updated by Pope Paul VI . Additionally, the 21st chapter of Apostolic Tradition contains what may be

1872-681: Was revised in 1969 . Earlier editions of the Roman Martyrology referred to the 22 August Hippolytus as Bishop of Porto. The Catholic Encyclopedia sees this as "connected with the confusion regarding the Roman presbyter resulting from the Acts of the Martyrs of Porto. It has not been ascertained whether the memory of the latter was localized at Porto merely in connection with the legend in Prudentius, without further foundation, or whether

1920-543: Was an early Christian sect devoted to the theologian Novatian ( c. 200–258) that held a strict view that refused readmission to communion of lapsi (those baptized Christians who had denied their faith or performed the formalities of a ritual sacrifice to the pagan gods under the pressures of the persecution sanctioned by Emperor Decius in AD 250). The Church of Rome declared the Novatianists heretical following

1968-573: Was at this time that Origen , then a young man, heard him preach. In this view, Hippolytus accused Pope Zephyrinus of modalism , the heresy which held that the names Father and Son are simply different names for the same subject. Hippolytus championed the Logos doctrine of the Greek apologists, most notably Justin Martyr , which distinguished the Father from the Logos ("Word"). An ethical conservative, he

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2016-416: Was considered a martyr and gives him the rank of a priest, not of a bishop, an indication that before his death the schismatic was received again into the Church. The name Hippolytus appears in various hagiographical and martyrological sources of the early Church. The facts about the life of the writer Hippolytus, as opposed to other celebrated Christians who bore the name Hippolytus, were eventually lost in

2064-478: Was heavily influenced by the works of Tertullian . Novatian believed that the lapsi should not be let back into the church. He believed that the lapsi might repent and be put to lifelong penance, but the forgiveness must be left to God, and that the lapsi could not be forgiven on this earth. Novatians cited the Book of Hebrews to support this idea. Novatian was a trinitarian. Novatian's writings defended

2112-402: Was probably orthodox, however some suggest he had similarities to the later Nestorians , though this view has been criticized. By the 4th century, Novatians had also adopted monasticism . Some Novatians were Quartodecimans . Augustine writes that the Novatians would rebaptize people who came from the Catholic Church. Some have argued that the Novatians did not baptize infants, though

2160-651: Was reconciled to the other party at Rome, for, under Pope Fabian (236–250 AD), his body and that of Pontian were brought to Rome. The so-called Chronography of 354 (more precisely, the Liberian Catalogue ) reports that on August 13, probably in 236, the two bodies were interred in Rome, that of Hippolytus in a cemetery on the Via Tiburtina , his funeral being conducted by Justin the Confessor . This document indicates that, by about 255, Hippolytus

2208-412: Was scandalized when Pope Callixtus I (217–222 AD) extended absolution to Christians who had committed grave sins, such as adultery. Some suggest Hippolytus himself advocated a pronounced rigorism. At this time, he seems to have allowed himself to be elected as a rival Bishop of Rome, and continued to attack Pope Urban I (222–230 AD) and Pope Pontian (230–235 AD). G. Salmon suggests that Hippolytus

2256-521: Was the leader of the Greek-speaking Christians of Rome. Allen Brent sees the development of Roman house-churches into something akin to Greek philosophical schools gathered around a compelling teacher. Also under this view: during the persecution at the time of Emperor Maximinus Thrax , Hippolytus and Pontian were exiled together in 235 to Sardinia , likely dying in the mines. It is quite probable that, before his death there, he

2304-470: Was too liberal in accepting lapsed Christians. Novatian held that lapsed Christians, who had not maintained their confession of faith under persecution, may not be received again into communion with the church. He was consecrated bishop by three bishops of Italy and declared himself to be the true Pope . He and his followers were excommunicated by a synod held at Rome in October of the same year. Novatian

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