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56-449: Johan Adolf Pengel International Airport ( IATA : PBM , ICAO : SMJP ), also known as Paramaribo-Zanderij International Airport , and locally referred to simply as JAP , is an airport located in the town of Zanderij and hub for airline carrier Surinam Airways , 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of Paramaribo . It is the larger of Suriname 's two international airports, the other being Zorg en Hoop with scheduled flights to Guyana, and

112-531: A Lockheed Model 10 Electra at local time 2:38 P.M. The navigator was a retired PAA aviator Fred Noonan . This was on their second attempt of a "world flight" en route from Miami to Natal and then transatlantic to Dakar , Senegal . They stayed overnight at the Palace Hotel in Paramaribo and left Zanderij again on Friday 4 June 1937 for Fortaleza , Brazil . One month later they disappeared over

168-489: A first trans-Atlantic crossing of 3600 km, dubbed "the Christmas Mail-flight", directly from Porto Praia . However, the flight did not inaugurate a regular KLM trans-Atlantic service. In January 1937 William Henry Vanderbilt III landed in a baby Clipper Sikorsky S-38 at Zanderij with wife and friends The Flying Hutchinsons . On 3 June 1937, aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart landed at Zanderij with

224-412: A more central location. Plans are to have the airbridges installed in the future, while the other matters were finished by 2017. The expansion of the airport will not only include the construction of a new terminal, but also the construction of a 2.7 km taxiway that will run parallel to the long 3.5 km runway. The total investment involves an amount of approximately US$ 205 million, and approval for

280-567: A new airport is built, replacing the old one, leaving the city's new "major" airport (or the only remaining airport) code to no longer correspond with the city's name. The original airport in Nashville, Tennessee, was built in 1936 as part of the Works Progress Administration and called Berry Field with the designation, BNA. A new facility known as Nashville International Airport was built in 1987 but still uses BNA. This

336-569: A rainstorm at Zanderij on board Air Force One , a Boeing 707 jet. Security was tight around Zanderij Airport. An agreement was signed by the Dutch government and the US to use Zanderij Airport for Military Airlift Command (MAC) purposes. The USA paid US$ 22,000 for 400 landings per year. The crews stayed overnight at the Torarica Hotel. The North American X-15 NASA rocket-powered aircraft

392-548: A single engine plane during Operation Grasshopper . They performed much medical treatment work in the interior and the Sipaliwini Savanna . On 3 March 1960, American president Dwight D. Eisenhower landed at Zanderij on board Air Force One operated by the U.S. Air Force with a Boeing 707 jetliner. He was accompanied by Secretary of State Christian Herter . They left Suriname the same day. On 14 April 1967, American president Lyndon B. Johnson arrived during

448-524: A trans-atlantic crossing from Amsterdam via Paramaribo to Curaçao , carrying mail. The trip of 12,200 km (more than 4,000 over water) landed eight days after take-off from Schiphol , on 22 December 1934, at Hato Airport . The captain was J.J. Hongdong, co-pilot/navigator J.J. van Balkom, engineer L.D. Stolk, and wireless operator S. v.d. Molen. The route was from Amsterdam via Marseille, Alicante, Casablanca, Cabo Verde, Paramaribo and Caracas. The Snip landed at Zanderij Field on 20 December 1934, after

504-509: Is GSN and its IATA code is SPN, and some coincide with IATA codes of non-U.S. airports. Canada's unusual codes—which bear little to no similarity with any conventional abbreviation to the city's name—such as YUL in Montréal , and YYZ in Toronto , originated from the two-letter codes used to identify weather reporting stations in the 1930s. The letters preceding the two-letter code follow

560-617: Is available. However, many railway administrations have their own list of codes for their stations, such as the list of Amtrak station codes . Airport codes arose out of the convenience that the practice brought pilots for location identification in the 1930s. Initially, pilots in the United States used the two-letter code from the National Weather Service (NWS) for identifying cities. This system became unmanageable for cities and towns without an NWS identifier, and

616-523: Is different from the name in English, yet the airport code represents only the English name. Examples include: Due to scarcity of codes, some airports are given codes with letters not found in their names: The use of 'X' as a filler letter is a practice to create three-letter identifiers when more straightforward options were unavailable: Some airports in the United States retained their NWS ( National Weather Service ) codes and simply appended an X at

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672-671: Is governed by IATA Resolution 763, and it is administered by the IATA's headquarters in Montreal , Canada. The codes are published semi-annually in the IATA Airline Coding Directory. IATA provides codes for airport handling entities, and for certain railway stations. Alphabetical lists of airports sorted by IATA code are available. A list of railway station codes , shared in agreements between airlines and rail lines such as Amtrak , SNCF , and Deutsche Bahn ,

728-513: Is in conjunction to rules aimed to avoid confusion that seem to apply in the United States, which state that "the first and second letters or second and third letters of an identifier may not be duplicated with less than 200 nautical miles separation." Thus, Washington, D.C. area's three airports all have radically different codes: IAD for Washington–Dulles , DCA for Washington–Reagan (District of Columbia Airport), and BWI for Baltimore (Baltimore–Washington International, formerly BAL). Since HOU

784-449: Is making a continuous effort in route development management to attract more airlines. Suriname is looking into new markets through bilateral and open-skies agreements with different countries. The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights to and from Paramaribo: [REDACTED] Media related to Johan Adolf Pengel International Airport at Wikimedia Commons IATA airport code The assignment of these codes

840-543: Is not followed outside the United States: In addition, since three letter codes starting with Q are widely used in radio communication, cities whose name begins with "Q" also had to find alternate codes, as in the case of: IATA codes should not be confused with the FAA identifiers of U.S. airports. Most FAA identifiers agree with the corresponding IATA codes, but some do not, such as Saipan , whose FAA identifier

896-799: Is officially named after the popular Surinamese politician and former Prime Minister of Suriname , Johan Adolf Pengel , but is locally still called Zanderij . This is parallel to the small village and savannah where it is situated. The airport now has one runway of approximately 3.5 km and reached an average of 500,000 passengers yearly in December 2019. This is achieved mainly on transatlantic flights between Paramaribo and Amsterdam by KLM , TUI fly Netherlands and Surinam Airways , and some regional flights to Belém , Georgetown , Cayenne , Panama City and Miami by Trans Guyana Airways with their Beechcraft 1900D , Copa Airlines , Gol and Surinam Airways with their Boeing 737's as well as flights to

952-526: Is operated by Airport Management, Ltd./ NV Luchthavenbeheer. Prior to World War II , Zandery Airport was a Pan American World Airways (PAA) stop. In 1928, Pan American World Airways started mail flights from Miami to Paramaribo , the capital of the then Dutch colony Suriname . Pan American World Airways used Sikorsky S-38 amphibians. Rich and famous Americans, mostly aviators, visited Suriname . On 24 March 1934, female pilot Guggenheim and male pilot Russel Thaw had to make an emergency landing near

1008-416: Is used for William P. Hobby Airport , the new Houston–Intercontinental became IAH. The code BKK was originally assigned to Bangkok–Don Mueang and was later transferred to Suvarnabhumi Airport , while the former adopted DMK. The code ISK was originally assigned to Gandhinagar Airport (Nashik's old airport) and later on transferred to Ozar Airport (Nashik's current airport). Shanghai–Hongqiao retained

1064-571: The Canadian transcontinental railroads were built, each station was assigned its own two-letter Morse code : When the Canadian government established airports, it used the existing railway codes for them as well. If the airport had a weather station, authorities added a "Y" to the front of the code, meaning "Yes" to indicate it had a weather station or some other letter to indicate it did not. When international codes were created in cooperation with

1120-740: The Flying Hutchinsons , when they visited the capitals of all 48 United States by air. Further fame came when 'the Flying Family' attempted an around-the-world flight the next year; their Sikorsky S-38 aircraft crash-landed off Greenland , and the family were stranded for several days before being picked up by a fishing trawler and transported to the United Kingdom. George and Blanche wrote two books about their adventures - The Flying Family in Greenland (1935) and Flying

1176-525: The German submarine  U-512 north of Cayenne , French Guiana . At Zandery, the unit shuttled from Zandery to Atkinson Field, British Guiana , and, by January 1942, had eight Curtiss P-40C Warhawks assigned. The P-40s were, in actuality, detached for airfield defense by the Trinidad Base Command, under which the 99th fell at the time. The intensive flying of the first two months of

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1232-483: The 4th Antisubmarine Squadron was attached to the Squadron between 9 and 16 October. At this point, Antisubmarine Command took over the mission of the 99th and the men and the aircraft of the squadron were reassigned. In the middle of World War II, on 2 November 1943, Her Royal Highness Princess Juliana visited Suriname from Canada . She landed at Zanderij in a KLM Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra PJ-AIM Meeuw as

1288-487: The Caribbean island destinations of Aruba , Curacao , Havana , Santiago de Cuba and Port of Spain accommodated by Caribbean Airlines , besides local companies Fly All Ways and Surinam Airways. Cargo flights are performed by Amerijet International and Northern Air Cargo . The state will invest an extra US$ 70 million in expanding and modernizing the J.A. Pengel Airport. US$ 28.5 million has been invested so far in

1344-558: The European and African theaters of the war. In addition, antisubmarine patrols were flown from the airfield over the southern Caribbean and South Atlantic coastlines. Major United States Army Air Force (USAAF) units assigned to the airfield were: Just before the Pearl Harbor attack , on 3 December, the 99th Squadron was ordered to distant Zandery Field, Dutch Guiana (by way of Piarco Field, Trinidad , under an agreement with

1400-602: The Netherlands government-in-exile in London . Suriname was then the world's principal source of bauxite (for aluminium production) and needed protection. The first American armed forces arrived at the airport on 30 November 1941, and expanded the facilities to be a transport base for sending Lend-Lease supplies to England via air routes across the South Atlantic Ocean . The runways were constructed by

1456-557: The Netherlands government-in-exile, by which the United States occupied the colony to protect bauxite mines. However, to the disappointment of the crews, the squadron had to leave its B-17 behind. It was, however, reinforced with additional B-18A Bolos , bringing squadron strength up to six aircraft. On 2 October 1942, a B-18A, piloted by Captain Howard Burhanna Jr. of the 99th Bomb Squadron, depth charged and sank

1512-604: The Nieuwe Haven, because they could not find Zanderij airfield. The Lockheed airplane was so severely damaged that it was shipped back to the United States . On 16 April 1934, female aviator Laura Ingalls landed in a single engine airplane, the Lockheed Air Express at Zanderij in the first solo flight around South America in a landplane. The KLM tri-motor Fokker F.XVIII , named the Snip (Snipe), made

1568-483: The States (1937) - and the family were pictured on cereal boxes and made appearances on stage and radio. In 1939, the family attempted another around-the-world flight in a Lockheed Electra . The stated aim of this flight was to carry a scroll with a message of peace to the '68 nations of the world' (sic), but this flight only made it as far as Mexico before it was cancelled due to the outbreak of World War II. Despite

1624-503: The U.S. For example, several airports in Alaska have scheduled commercial service, such as Stebbins and Nanwalek , which use FAA codes instead of ICAO codes. Thus, neither system completely includes all airports with scheduled service. Some airports are identified in colloquial speech by their IATA code. Examples include LAX and JFK . George R. Hutchinson Colonel George R. Hutchinson (February 11, 1902 - August 21, 1989 )

1680-521: The US Corps of Engineers. They also built the road from Onverwacht to Zanderij which was completed in 1942. With the United States' entry into the war in December 1941, the importance of Zandery Field increased drastically, becoming a major transport base on the South Atlantic route of Air Transport Command ferrying supplies and personnel to Freetown Airport , Sierra Leone , and onwards to

1736-481: The United States, because "Y" was seldom used in the United States, Canada simply used the weather station codes for its airports, changing the "Y" to a "Z" if it conflicted with an airport code already in use. The result is that most major Canadian airport codes start with "Y" followed by two letters in the city's name (for example, YOW for O tta w a , YWG for W innipe g , YYC for C algar y , or YVR for V ancouve r ), whereas other Canadian airports append

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1792-596: The Zandery Air Force Base was turned over to Dutch authorities which returned it to a civil airport. At that time, the value of the facility was estimated to be 400,000 Surinamese guilders ( Sƒ ). In March 1947, Alfredo de Los Rios landed with an 8-F Luscombe plane at Zanderij . He had traveled from the aircraft factory in Dallas , Texas , in the United States. In June 1959, pilots and missionaries Robert Price and Eugene Friesen arrived at Zandery with

1848-440: The airport itself instead of the city it serves, while another code is reserved which refers to the city itself which can be used to search for flights to any of its airports. For instance: Or using a code for the city in one of the major airports and then assigning another code to another airport: When different cities with the same name each have an airport, they need to be assigned different codes. Examples include: Sometimes,

1904-418: The airport's former name, such as Orlando International Airport 's MCO (for Mc C o y Air Force Base), or Chicago's O'Hare International Airport , which is coded ORD for its original name: Or char d Field. In rare cases, the code comes from the airport's unofficial name, such as Kahului Airport 's OGG (for local aviation pioneer Jimmy H ogg ). In large metropolitan areas, airport codes are often named after

1960-436: The airport's modernization. For the time being, the arrival lounge, commercial center and parking lot have been handed over, while the runway has been repaved, the platform for planes has been renovated, the runway lights on the arrival side have been replaced and a backup system for electricity has been installed. This was all done prior to the 30 August 2013 UNASUR heads-of-state summit, hosted by Suriname. The project, which

2016-592: The central Pacific Ocean near Howland Island . On 16 March 1938, pilots Whitney and Harmon made an emergency landing with their Beechcraft on an airstrip near the Eerste Rijweg. They could not find Zanderij Airfield. In 1938, the KLM started a weekly service between Paramaribo and Willemstad ( Curaçao ) with a twin engined Lockheed L-14 Super Electra able to carry 12 passengers and named MEEUW (PJ-AIM). Mail arrived much faster at Curaçao than with PAA, but

2072-502: The code SHA, while the newer Shanghai–Pudong adopted PVG. The opposite was true for Berlin : the airport Berlin–Tegel used the code TXL, while its smaller counterpart Berlin–Schönefeld used SXF; the Berlin Brandenburg Airport has the airport code BER, which is also part of its branding. The airports of Hamburg (HAM) and Hannover (HAJ) are less than 100 nautical miles (190 km) apart and therefore share

2128-886: The end. Examples include: A lot of minor airfields without scheduled passenger traffic have ICAO codes but not IATA codes, since the four letter codes allow more number of codes, and IATA codes are mainly used for passenger services such as tickets, and ICAO codes by pilots. In the US, such airfields use FAA codes instead of ICAO. There are airports with scheduled service for which there are ICAO codes but not IATA codes, such as Nkhotakota Airport/Tangole Airport in Malawi or Chōfu Airport in Tokyo, Japan. There are also several minor airports in Russia (e.g., Omsukchan Airport ) which lack IATA codes and instead use internal Russian codes for booking. Flights to these airports cannot be booked through

2184-573: The first ever member of the Dutch royal family to visit Suriname. After the landing of the Meeuw and escorting Dutch and US military planes, the Royal Princess was welcomed by Governor Kielstra and inspected the guard of honour . With the end of World War II, Zandery Airfield was reduced in scope to a skeleton staff. It was closed as a military facility on 30 April 1946, and on 22 October 1947,

2240-557: The first three letters of the city in which it is located, for instance: The code may also be a combination of the letters in its name, such as: Sometimes the airport code reflects pronunciation, rather than spelling, namely: For many reasons, some airport codes do not fit the normal scheme described above. Some airports, for example, cross several municipalities or regions, and therefore, use codes derived from some of their letters, resulting in: Other airports—particularly those serving cities with multiple airports—have codes derived from

2296-478: The following format: Most large airports in Canada have codes that begin with the letter "Y", although not all "Y" codes are Canadian (for example, YUM for Yuma, Arizona , and YNT for Yantai , China), and not all Canadian airports start with the letter "Y" (for example, ZBF for Bathurst, New Brunswick ). Many Canadian airports have a code that starts with W, X or Z, but none of these are major airports. When

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2352-597: The form of " YYZ ", a song by the rock band Rush , which utilizes the Morse code signal as a musical motif. Some airports have started using their IATA codes as brand names , such as Calgary International Airport (YYC) and Vancouver International Airport (YVR). Numerous New Zealand airports use codes that contain the letter Z, to distinguish them from similar airport names in other countries. Examples include HLZ for Hamilton , ZQN for Queenstown , and WSZ for Westport . Predominantly, airport codes are named after

2408-430: The international air booking systems or have international luggage transferred there, and thus, they are booked instead through the airline or a domestic booking system. Several heliports in Greenland have 3-letter codes used internally which might be IATA codes for airports in faraway countries. There are several airports with scheduled service that have not been assigned ICAO codes that do have IATA codes, especially in

2464-642: The loan agreement was to be put forward to the National Assembly (DNA) of the Surinamese government by airport management mid-2019. The new airport terminal with a much more capacious arrival and departure hall is planned for the near future, the result of investment from China, as the current airport terminal cannot facilitate an increasing number of passengers while the Johan Adolf Pengel International Airport

2520-612: The name of the airport itself, for instance: This is also true with some cities with a single airport (even if there is more than one airport in the metropolitan area of said city), such as BDL for Hartford, Connecticut 's B ra dl ey International Airport or Baltimore's BWI, for B altimore/ W ashington I nternational Airport ; however, the latter also serves Washington, D.C. , alongside Dulles International Airport (IAD, for I nternational A irport D ulles) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA, for D istrict of C olumbia A irport). The code also sometimes comes from

2576-416: The one they are located in: Other airport codes are of obscure origin, and each has its own peculiarities: In Asia, codes that do not correspond with their city's names include Niigata 's KIJ , Nanchang 's KHN and Pyongyang 's FNJ . EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg , which serves three countries, has three airport codes: BSL, MLH, EAP. Some cities have a name in their respective language which

2632-741: The purchase. He intended to use the Sirius, a sleek single-seat aircraft, to cross the Atlantic Ocean in a faster time than Charles Lindbergh had in 1927. However, before he could begin his attempt, he crashed the aircraft in Los Angeles. The Richmond, Virginia was sold to recover debts and was eventually to be rebuilt as the Altair Lady Southern Cross . In 1931, George, Blanche and daughters Kathryn and Janet Hutchinson (1925 - ) became nationwide celebrities as

2688-506: The same first and middle letters, indicating that this rule might be followed only in Germany. Many cities retain historical names in their airport codes, even after having undergone an official name/spelling/transliteration change: Some airport codes are based on previous names associated with a present airport, often with a military heritage. These include: Some airports are named for an administrative division or nearby city, rather than

2744-458: The service was not a commercial success. On 11 May 1939, The Flying Hutchinsons arrived at Zanderij in a twin engine Lockheed Electra , on their "family round-the-world global nations flight", which was broadcast on a radio series sponsored by Pepsi Cola. After the fall of the Netherlands to German forces in 1940, the United States obtained military basing rights to the airport from

2800-500: The station code of Malton, Mississauga , where it is located). YUL is used for Montréal–Trudeau (UL was the ID code for the beacon in the city of Kirkland , now the location of Montréal–Trudeau). While these codes make it difficult for the public to associate them with a particular Canadian city, some codes have become popular in usage despite their cryptic nature, particularly at the largest airports. Toronto's code has entered pop culture in

2856-515: The two-letter code of the radio beacons that were the closest to the actual airport, such as YQX in Gander or YXS in Prince George . Four of the ten provincial capital airports in Canada have ended up with codes beginning with YY, including: Canada's largest airport is YYZ for Toronto Pearson (as YTZ was already allocated to Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , the airport was given

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2912-529: The use of two letters allowed only a few hundred combinations; a three-letter system of airport codes was implemented. This system allowed for 17,576 permutations, assuming all letters can be used in conjunction with each other. Since the U.S. Navy reserved "N" codes, and to prevent confusion with Federal Communications Commission broadcast call signs , which begin with "W" or "K", the airports of certain U.S. cities whose name begins with one of these letters had to adopt "irregular" airport codes: This practice

2968-519: The war soon took its toll, however, and by the end of February 1942, the Squadron was forced to report that it had but three B-18As operational at Zandery and that " ... none of them are airworthy at this time." Apparently the unit was quickly reinforced, and by 1 March, strength was back up to six aircraft, and seven combat crews, all of whom had more than 12 months' experience. Operations from Zandery Field consisted of coastal, convoy and anti-submarine patrols until 31 October 1942, just prior to which time

3024-574: Was an American aviator and media personality of the 1930s. George Hutchinson was working as a bank teller in Baltimore, Maryland when he married Blanche Delcher (1902 - October 24, 1995 ) in 1922. In 1928 he co-financed William Penn Airport (later Boulevard Airport, closed in 1951) near Philadelphia , where he gave flying lessons and joyflights. In 1930, Hutchinson bought a Lockheed Sirius monoplane he named Richmond, Virginia after his home town, trading in his smaller Stinson Junior as part of

3080-544: Was on exhibition at Zanderij Airport for an airshow held from 8 to 13 November 1963. On 7 April 1972, the first-ever Boeing 747 wide-body jetliner to land in South America, operated by KLM Royal Dutch Airlines , landed at Zanderij Airport, Suriname. With one of the longest runways in the Caribbean region, it served the Antonov An-225 Mriya – the world's largest cargo plane in 2010. The airport

3136-409: Was prepared during the previous administration, is insufficient to actually turn the airport into an international hub. The departure and arrival lounges are currently apart from each other, but plans are to connect them in the future with airbridges. Lights were placed on the departure side of the runway, and the platform was expanded to accommodate more planes. The fire department barracks were moved to

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