80-470: John William Van Druten (1 June 1901 – 19 December 1957) was an English playwright and theatre director. He began his career in London, and later moved to America, becoming a U.S. citizen. He was known for his plays of witty and urbane observations of contemporary life and society. Van Druten was born in London in 1901, son of a Dutch father named Wilhelmus van Druten and his English wife Eva. He
160-616: A flapper icon and sex symbol of the Jazz Age . Brooks, much like the character of Sally Bowles in the film, was an aspiring actress and American expat who temporarily moved to Weimar Berlin in search of international stardom. Minnelli later recalled: "I went to my father and asked him, 'What can you tell me about 1930s glamour? Should I be emulating Marlene Dietrich or something?' And he said 'No, study everything you can about Louise Brooks .'" In particular, Minnelli drew upon Brooks' " Lulu makeup and helmet-like coiffure ." For
240-589: A British cabaret singer and aspiring film actress from a wealthy Anglo-Scottish family. While rooming together at Nollendorfstrasse 17 in Schöneberg , Isherwood and Ross met John Blomshield, a wealthy playboy who inspired the film character of Baron Maximilian von Heune. Blomshield sexually pursued both Isherwood and Ross for a short while, and he invited them to accompany him on a trip abroad. He then abruptly disappeared without saying goodbye. Following Blomshield's disappearance, Ross became pregnant with
320-695: A book on his work, Playwright at Work , just after the Second World War . John Van Druten contributed articles to Vedanta and the West , the bi-monthly journal published by Vedanta Society of Southern California from March 1943 until March 1958. From January 1951 to January 1958, John Van Druten was the Editorial Advisor to the journal, together with Christopher Isherwood , Aldous Huxley , and Gerald Heard . University College School University College School , also known as UCS ,
400-473: A casting choice which Minnelli initially believed was incorrect until she performed with him. Several smaller roles, as well as the remaining four dancers in the film, eventually were cast in West Germany. Minnelli had auditioned to play Sally in the original Broadway production but was deemed too inexperienced at the time, even though she had won Broadway's Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical . By
480-446: A company record $ 1.5 million for the film rights and planned a company record budget. The cost of $ 4,570,000 was split evenly with ABC Pictures . In 1971, Bob Fosse learned through Harold Prince , director of the original Broadway production, that Cy Feuer was producing a film adaptation of Cabaret through ABC Pictures and Allied Artists. This was the first film produced in the revival of Allied Artists. Determined to direct
560-457: A metaphor for the decadence of Germany in the 1930s by eliminating all but one of the musical numbers performed outside the club. The only remaining outside number is "Tomorrow Belongs to Me", a folk song rendered spontaneously by patrons at an open-air café . In addition, the show's original songwriters Kander and Ebb wrote two new songs, "Mein Herr" and "Money", and incorporated "Maybe This Time",
640-542: A more faithful adaptation of the source material. In particular, Wheeler restored the subplot about the gigolo and the Jewish heiress. Wheeler also drew on gay author Christopher Isherwood's openness about his homosexuality to make the leading male character a bisexual man "rather than the heterosexual as he had been in the stage musical." Fosse decided to increase the focus on the Kit Kat Klub, where Sally performs, as
720-426: A piano instrumental, and a phonograph record), as well as a short reprise of "Married", sung alone by Schultz. Kander and Ebb wrote several new songs and removed others. "Don't Tell Mama" was replaced by "Mein Herr", and "The Money Song" (retained in an instrumental version as "Sitting Pretty") was replaced by "Money, Money." "Mein Herr" and "Money, Money", which were composed for the film, were integrated into
800-697: A schoolboy falling in love with his headmaster's wife. In Britain, it was first produced privately (by Phyllis Whitworth's Three Hundred Club) and then at the Arts Theatre in 1928. When the ban was lifted, it had a successful run at the Savoy Theatre in the West End with a cast including Frank Lawton , Derrick De Marney , and Jack Hawkins . The play was filmed twice. It was revived at the Finborough Theatre , London, in 2006. Van Druten
880-399: A somewhat enigmatic experience with Brian, Max drops his pursuit of the pair in haste. During an argument, Sally tells Brian that she has been having sex with Max, and Brian reveals that he has as well. Brian and Sally later reconcile, and Sally reveals that Max left them 300 marks and mockingly compares the sum with what a professional prostitute earns. Sally learns that she is pregnant but
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#1732773105955960-511: A song they had composed in 1964 and first sung by Kaye Ballard . Feuer had cast Liza Minnelli as Sally Bowles and Joel Grey (reprising his stage role) long before Fosse was attached to the project. Fosse was given the choice of using Grey as Master of Ceremonies, at studio insistence, or walking away from the production. He ultimately backed down on his “It’s either me or Joel” threat, but relations between them were cool. Fosse hired Michael York as Sally Bowles's bisexual love interest,
1040-484: A strong cast. Bob Fosse's generally excellent direction recreates the milieu of Germany some 40 years ago." Roger Greenspun of The New York Times wrote in February 1972 that " Cabaret is one of those immensely gratifying imperfect works in which from beginning to end you can literally feel a movie coming to life." Likewise, Pauline Kael of The New Yorker wrote a review that same month in which she applauded
1120-598: Is English (as she was in Isherwood's Goodbye to Berlin ). In the film adaptation, she is American. Cliff Bradshaw was renamed Brian Roberts and made British (as was Isherwood, upon whom the character was based), rather than American as in the stage version. The characters and plotlines involving Fritz, Natalia and Max were pulled from I Am a Camera and did not appear in the stage production of Cabaret (or in Goodbye to Berlin ). The most significant change involves
1200-583: Is a private day school in Frognal , Hampstead , London, England. The school was founded in 1830 by University College London and inherited many of that institution's progressive and secular views. The UCS Hampstead Foundation is composed of four main entities: UCS is a member of the Eton Group of twelve independent schools and the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference . It has ties with
1280-498: Is a 1972 American musical period drama film directed and choreographed by Bob Fosse from a screenplay by Jay Presson Allen , based on the stage musical of the same name by John Kander , Fred Ebb , and Joe Masteroff , which in turn was based on the 1951 play I Am a Camera by John Van Druten and the 1939 novel Goodbye to Berlin by Christopher Isherwood . It stars Liza Minnelli , Michael York , Helmut Griem , Marisa Berenson , and Joel Grey . Multiple numbers from
1360-530: Is not performed in the club or by the club characters, but is still diegetic, a nationalistic song sung by a Nazi youth and the German crowd. Cabaret was released in the United States on February 13, 1972, by Allied Artists . The film received critical acclaim and eventually earned more than $ 42 million in the box office against a production budget of $ 4.6 million. It won Best Picture citations from
1440-545: Is unsure of the father. Brian offers to marry her and take her back to his university life in Cambridge . At first, they celebrate their resolution to start this new life together, but after a picnic between Sally and Brian, in which Brian acts distant and uninterested, Sally becomes disheartened by the vision of herself as a bored faculty wife washing dirty diapers. Ultimately, she has an abortion, without informing Brian in advance. When he confronts her, she shares her fears, and
1520-594: The Bavaria Film Studios in Grünwald , outside Munich. Prior to filming, Fosse would complain every afternoon on the set of Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory because that film was overrunning and keeping him from starting work on the same stage. Although the songs throughout the film allude to and advance the narrative, every song except "Tomorrow Belongs to Me" is executed in
1600-839: The National Board of Review and the Hollywood Foreign Press Association , and took Best Supporting Actor honors for Grey from the National Board of Review, the Hollywood Foreign Press, and the National Society of Film Critics . At the 45th Academy Awards , the film won Best Director (Fosse), Best Actress (Minnelli), Best Supporting Actor (Grey), Best Cinematography , Best Film Editing , Best Original Song Score , Best Art Direction , and Best Sound , holding
1680-680: The Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on February 13, 1972, with a single performance benefit grossing $ 2,538. It started regular showings at the Ziegfeld from February 14, grossing $ 8,684 in its opening day, and a house record $ 80,278 for the week. It grossed another $ 165,038 from 6 other theatres in 6 key cities reported by Variety , placing it tenth at the US box office. After seven months of release, it had grossed $ 5.3 million in
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#17327731059551760-588: The record for most Oscars earned by a film not honored for Best Picture . In 1995, Cabaret was the twelfth live-action musical film selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". In 1931 Berlin , a young, openly promiscuous American Sally Bowles performs at the Kit Kat Klub. A new British arrival in
1840-485: The 1970s, Cabaret dealt explicitly with topics like corruption, sexual ambiguity, false dreams, and Nazism. Tim Dirks at Filmsite.org notes: "The sexually-charged, semi-controversial, kinky musical was the first one ever to be given an X rating (although later re-rated) with its numerous sexual flings and hedonistic club life. There was considerable sexual innuendo, profanity, casual sex talk (homosexual and heterosexual), some evidence of anti-Semitism, and even an abortion in
1920-516: The Age of Aquarius." In 2013, film critic Peter Bradshaw listed Cabaret at number one on his list of "Top 10 musicals", describing it as "satanically catchy, terrifyingly seductive...directed and choreographed with electric style by Bob Fosse... Cabaret is drenched in the sexiest kind of cynicism and decadent despair." In 2024, Forbes Magazine ranked Cabaret as the best movie musical of all time Although less explicit compared with other films made in
2000-528: The Berlin cabaret denizens befriended by Isherwood would later flee abroad or perish in concentration camps . These factual events served as the genesis for Isherwood's 1937 novella Sally Bowles which was later adapted into the 1955 film I Am a Camera and the 1966 musical Cabaret . In July 1968, Cinerama made a verbal agreement to make a film version of the 1966 Broadway musical but pulled out in February 1969. In May 1969, Allied Artists paid
2080-810: The Dove Brothers. The main school block has been Grade II listed on the National Heritage List for England since May 1974. Prince Edward, Duke of Kent , opened the Sixth Form Centre (which also houses the Lund Theatre) in 1974. Elizabeth II visited the school in 1980 to celebrate its 150th anniversary and to inaugurate the rebuilt hall, which had been destroyed by fire in 1978. A new library, music school, lecture theatre, computer laboratory, sports hall, geography block, mathematics school and further classrooms were added to
2160-663: The Equatorial College School in Uganda. University College School was founded in 1830 as part of University College London and moved to its current location in Hampstead in 1907. Continuing on the long tradition of dissenting academies , the University of London had been inspired by the work of Jeremy Bentham and others to provide opportunities for higher education regardless of religious beliefs. At
2240-704: The Forest (1934). He later emigrated to America, where he wrote Leave Her to Heaven (February 1940), a drama set in London and Westcliff-on-Sea in Essex, which was shortly followed by major successes with Old Acquaintance (NY December 1940 – May 1941 and London with Edith Evans ) and The Voice of the Turtle (1943), which ran for three seasons in New York and was filmed with Ronald Reagan . His subsequent play, I Remember Mama (1944), ran for 713 performances. It
2320-642: The Los Angeles area and began a life-long association with his guru, Swami Prabhavananda . It was Isherwood who wrote The Berlin Stories , on which Van Druten based his play, I Am A Camera . Through Isherwood Van Druten became involved with the Vedanta Society of Southern California in Hollywood, which was founded in 1930 by Swami Prabhavananda. From 1951 until his death in 1957, Van Druten
2400-488: The Nazis is also demonstrated towards the end of the film in a rural beer garden scene. There a blonde boy sings to an audience of all ages (" Tomorrow Belongs to Me ") about the beauties of nature and youth. It is eventually revealed that the boy is wearing a Hitler Youth uniform. The ballad then transforms into a militant Nazi anthem, and by the song’s end, one by one nearly all of the adults and young people rise and join in
2480-407: The New York metropolitan area. Variety estimated that this represented 30% of the film's total compared to the normal 15% for the market, one of the few big-budget films to perform much better in New York. Based on this estimate, the film had grossed around $ 17 million. By year end, Variety reported that it had earned theatrical rentals of $ 10,885,000, making it the eighth most successful film of
John Van Druten - Misplaced Pages Continue
2560-640: The basis of Joe Masteroff 's book for the Kander and Ebb musical Cabaret (1966). When I Am a Camera opened on Broadway in 1951, The New York Times drama critic Walter Kerr wrote a famous three-word review: "Me no Leica." In the late 1930s and early 1940s, he was in a relationship with Carter Lodge (died 1995), who was the manager of the AJC Ranch that Van Druten, British actress Auriol Lee and Lodge bought together in Coachella Valley. When
2640-434: The character of Sally Bowles was based —was ambivalent about the film. She felt the depiction of 1930s Berlin "was quite, quite different" from reality. Nevertheless, she conceded that the depiction of their social circle of British expatriates as pleasure-seeking libertines was accurate: "We were all utterly against the bourgeois standards of our parents' generation. That's what took us to [Weimar-era] Berlin. The climate
2720-490: The child of jazz pianist and later actor Peter van Eyck . After Eyck abandoned Ross, she underwent a near-fatal abortion facilitated by Isherwood who pretended to be her heterosexual impregnator. While Ross recovered from the botched abortion procedure, the political situation rapidly deteriorated in Germany. As Berlin's daily scenes featured "poverty, unemployment, political demonstrations and street fighting between
2800-412: The city, Brian Roberts, moves into the boarding house where Sally lives. A reserved academic and writer, Brian must give English lessons to earn a living while completing his doctorate . Sally tries to seduce Brian, but he tells her that on three previous occasions he has tried to have sexual relationships with women, all of which failed. They become friends, and Brian witnesses Sally's bohemian life in
2880-434: The club. The 1972 film was based upon Christopher Isherwood's semi-autobiographical stories about Weimar-era Berlin during the Jazz Age . In 1929, Isherwood moved to Berlin in order to pursue life as an openly gay man and to enjoy the city's libertine nightlife. His expatriate social circle included W.H. Auden , Stephen Spender , Paul Bowles , and Jean Ross . While in Berlin, Isherwood shared lodgings with Ross,
2960-468: The context of a Kit Kat Klub performance. The voice heard on the radio reading the news throughout the film in German was that of associate producer Harold Nebenzal, whose father Seymour Nebenzahl produced such notable Weimar films as M (1931), Testament of Dr. Mabuse (1933), and Threepenny Opera (1931). The film significantly differs from the Broadway musical. In the stage version, Sally
3040-460: The end of 1973, Variety had updated the film's rentals in the United States and Canada to $ 18,175,000. Variety claimed the film received the most "sugary" reviews of the year. Roger Ebert gave a positive review in January 1972, saying: "This is no ordinary musical. Part of its success comes because it doesn't fall for the old cliché that musicals have to make you happy. Instead of cheapening
3120-548: The excision of the two main characters: Fraulein Schneider, who runs a boarding house, and her love interest, Herr Schultz, a German grocer. Their doomed romance plot, and the consequences of a Gentile falling in love with a Jew during the rise of antisemitism, was cut. With the removals were "So What?" and "What Would You Do", sung by Schneider, the song "Meeskite", sung by Schultz, and their two duets "It Couldn't Please Me More (The Pineapple Song)" (cut) and "Married" (reset as
3200-463: The extreme left and the extreme right." Both Spender and Ross contended that the 1972 film and 1966 Broadway musical deleteriously glamorized the harsh realities of the 1930s Weimar era. In 2002, Jamie Russell of the BBC wrote that the film was "the first musical ever to be given an X certificate , Bob Fosse's Cabaret launched Liza Minnelli into Hollywood superstardom and re-invented the musical for
3280-599: The federal University of London, and the school was created as a separate corporation. UCS moved away to new purpose-built buildings in Frognal in Hampstead in 1907, which were opened by Edward VII with the Archbishop of Canterbury in attendance on 27 July. Kikuchi Dairoku was invited to the first annual prize giving at Frognal where he represented those who had received their prizes at Gower Street. The new school buildings were designed by Arnold Mitchell and built by
John Van Druten - Misplaced Pages Continue
3360-639: The film crew. During this time, Fosse highly recommended Robert L. Surtees for cinematographer, but Feuer and the top executives saw Surtees's work on Sweet Charity as one of the film's many artistic problems. Producers eventually chose British cinematographer Geoffrey Unsworth . Designers Rolf Zehetbauer , Hans Jürgen Kiebach and Herbert Strabel served as production designers. Charlotte Flemming designed costumes. Dancers Kathryn Doby , Louise Quick and John Sharpe were brought on as Fosse's dance aides. Rehearsals and filming took place entirely in West Germany. For reasons of economy, indoor scenes were shot at
3440-574: The film was censored in West Berlin when it was first released there theatrically, with the sequence featuring the Hitler Youth singing "Tomorrow Belongs to Me" having been deleted. This elimination was made "because of the feeling that it might stir up resentments in the audience by showing the sympathizers for the Nazi movement during the '30s." The sequence was restored, however, when the film
3520-407: The film, Fosse begged Feuer to hire him. However, Fosse had previously directed the unsuccessful film adaptation of Sweet Charity , a box office failure which made chief executives Manny Wolf and Marty Baum reluctant to hire him. Wolf and Baum preferred a more renowned or established director such as Billy Wilder , Joseph L. Mankiewicz or Gene Kelly . Eager to hire Fosse, Feuer appealed to
3600-532: The film." It was also rated X in the UK and later re-rated as 15. On the topic of Nazism, there was little consensus among critics about the possibly fascist implications of the film and play. However, critic Steven Belletto wrote a critique of Cabaret in the Criticism journal, published by Wayne State University Press, in which he highlighted the anti-fascist themes in the film present both within and outside of
3680-528: The film: "A great movie musical. Taking its form from political cabaret, it's a satire of temptations. In a prodigious balancing act, Bob Fosse, the choreographer-director, keeps the period—Berlin, 1931—at a cool distance. We see the decadence as garish and sleazy; yet we also see the animal energy in it—everything seems to become sexualized. The movie does not exploit decadence; rather, it gives it its due. With Joel Grey as our devil-doll host—the master of ceremonies—and Liza Minnelli (in her first singing role on
3760-694: The first production of The King and I (1,246 performances). He also restaged this production at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane , in London, October 1953 (946 performances). At the Theatre Royal, Brighton in November 1954, he staged a production of The Duchess and the Smugs . Van Druten wrote two autobiographies: He also published two novels: a version of Young Woodley (1928), and The Vicarious Years in 1955. He also published
3840-486: The forces of the extreme left and the extreme right ," Isherwood, Spender, and other British nationals realized that they must flee the country. "There was a sensation of doom to be felt in the Berlin streets," Spender recalled. By the time Adolf Hitler implemented the Enabling Act of 1933 which cemented his dictatorship, Isherwood, Ross, Spender, and others had fled Germany and returned to England. Many of
3920-719: The founders of the University of London are directly associated with the founding of the school; they include Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux (who appears to be singled out as the ring leader in A tradition for Freedom ), Lord Auckland (probably George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland ), William Bingham Baring, 2nd Baron Ashburton , Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid , Henry Hallam , Leonard Horner (The Royal Society of Edinburgh has described UCS as his 'monument' ), James Mill , Viscount Sandon (probably either Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby or Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby ), James Lock, Stephen Lushington D.C.L. M.P., John Smith M.P., and Henry Waymouth . The first headmaster
4000-562: The full motto in its roundel emblem. UCS publishes a termly online newsletter called The Frognal and a yearly printed magazine called The Gower sent to current and past pupils. The senior school is divided into three sections by age, and each year has a name. Each section is led by a head of section. Pupils in the lower school are arranged into houses. In the lower school, there is one form (class) per year in each house. The five houses are: Bannister (black), Bonnington (silver), kendall (blue), MacArthur (green), Seacole (yellow). Pupils in
4080-463: The last days of the Weimar Republic . When Brian consoles Sally after her father cancels his meeting with her, they become lovers, concluding that his previous failures with women were because they were "the wrong three girls". Maximilian von Heune, a rich, married playboy and baron , befriends Sally and takes her and Brian to his country estate where they are both spoiled and courted. After
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#17327731059554160-516: The meeting between Sally Bowles and Brian Roberts, Minnelli modeled her movements and demeanor upon Brooks; in particular, the scene in Pandora's Box (1929) where Brooks' carefree character of Lulu is first introduced. Ultimately, Minnelli would win the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Sally Bowles. Fosse and Feuer traveled to West Germany in order to finish assembling
4240-586: The middle school and upper school are arranged into demes, each named after a former prominent member of staff. This is similar to a school house . In the middle school, there is one form (class) per year in each deme. In the upper school there are at three form groups per year for each deme. As well as a deme warden (housemaster/housemistress), each deme has deme captains (head of house). Deme, half, and full colours are awarded through an accumulation of academic and extra-curricular achievements. There are regular inter-deme competitions in sport, music, and drama throughout
4320-452: The movie version by lightening its load of despair, director Bob Fosse has gone right to the bleak heart of the material and stayed there well enough to win an Academy Award for Best Director ." A.D. Murphy of Variety wrote "The film version of the 1966 John Kander-Fred Ebb Broadway musical Cabaret is most unusual: it is literate, bawdy, sophisticated, sensual, cynical, heart-warming, and disturbingly thought-provoking. Liza Minnelli heads
4400-513: The musical acts. According to Belletto, "despite the ways that the film has been understood by a variety of critics, [ Cabaret ] rejects the logic of fascist certainty by staging various numbers committed to irony and ambiguity." The " Tomorrow Belongs to Me " scene was controversial, with Kander and Ebb, both of whom were Jewish, sometimes being wrongly accused of using a historical Nazi song . According to an article in Variety in November 1976,
4480-597: The newly co-educational sixth form for the first time. The playing fields, situated in West Hampstead, were upgraded between 2017 and 2019, with an overhauled drainage system. 2018 saw the opening of a newly refurbished library, known as the AKO Centre, replacing the older Enav Library. The school motto is Paulatim Sed Firmiter ("Slowly but surely"). In 2016, the school updated its school logo to incorporate its widely known name of UCS Hampstead and to include
4560-634: The piano in Fraulein Schneider's parlor, and later heard on Sally's gramophone in a German translation ("Heiraten") sung by cabaret singer Greta Keller . Additionally, " If You Could See Her ", performed by the MC, originally concluded with the line "She isn't a meeskite at all" onstage. The film changes this to "She wouldn't look Jewish at all," a return to Ebb's original lyrics. All tracks are written by John Kander and Fred Ebb Shipments figures based on certification alone. The film opened at
4640-655: The relationship ended, Lodge continued to live on the ranch with his new partner, Dick Foote. When Van Druten died in 1957, he left the entire property of the ranch to Lodge and the rights in his work, including "I Am a Camera", which entitled Lodge to earn a percentage from the movie Cabaret (1972). He died at Indio, California on 19 December 1957 of undisclosed causes. He is buried in the Coachella Valley Public Cemetery . John Van Druten's friend and colleague, Christopher Isherwood had fled Europe just before WWII broke out. Isherwood settled in
4720-440: The screen) as exuberant, corruptible Sally Bowles , chasing after the life of a headliner no matter what; Minnelli has such gaiety and electricity that she becomes a star before our eyes." Although Cabaret (1972) was well received by film critics upon its release, author Christopher Isherwood and other persons upon whom the film's characters were based were less receptive towards the cinematic adaptation. Isherwood himself
4800-692: The senior school site in 1993 and the Junior Branch buildings were also refurbished, with the addition of an Art & Technology Centre. In 2006 the Sir Roger Bannister Sports Centre was officially opened by Bannister (himself an Old Gower). In 2007 a new art, design technology and modern languages building came into use and was formally opened as the Jeremy Bentham building by Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester on 22 May 2008. In 2009, girls were admitted into
4880-401: The singing. "Do you still think you can control them?" Brian then asks Max. After the beer garden scene, Brian gets into a confrontation with a Nazi on a Berlin street, which leads to his receiving a beating. In the final scene of the film in the Kit Kat Klub, it slowly becomes apparent in the hazy club that audience members wearing Nazi uniforms are now sitting in the preferred front seats of
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#17327731059554960-422: The stage musical alongside the original numbers. The song " Maybe This Time ", which Sally performs at the cabaret, was not written for the film, but was intended for actress Kaye Ballard . Although "Don't Tell Mama" and "Married" were removed as performed musical numbers, both still appear in the film: "Mama"'s bridge section appears as an instrumental played on Sally's gramophone; "Married" initially plays on
5040-447: The stage score were used for the film, which also featured three other songs by Kander and Ebb, including two written for the adaptation. In the traditional manner of musical theater, most major characters in the stage version sing to express their emotions and advance the plot; in the film, however, the musical numbers are almost entirely diegetic and take place inside the club, with the exception of " Tomorrow Belongs to Me ", which
5120-451: The studio heads, citing Fosse's talent for staging and shooting musical numbers, adding that if inordinate attention was given to filming the book scenes at the expense of the musical numbers, the whole film could fail. Fosse ultimately was hired. Over the next months, Fosse met with previously hired screenwriter Jay Presson Allen to discuss the screenplay. As production neared, Fosse became increasingly dissatisfied with Allen's script which
5200-480: The time Cabaret reached the screen, however, Minnelli was a film star having earned an Oscar nomination as the emotionally damaged college student in The Sterile Cuckoo (1969). For her performance as Sally in the film, Minnelli reinterpreted the character and—at the explicit suggestion of her father, film and stage director Vincente Minnelli —she deliberately imitated film actress Louise Brooks ,
5280-702: The time, only members of the established Church could study at Cambridge and Oxford (the only other two universities in England at the time) while similar religious tests were imposed at the other universities dating from the medieval and renaissance periods present in the rest of the British Isles, namely St Andrews , Glasgow , Aberdeen , Edinburgh and Dublin . Furthermore, the subjects taught at these Ancient Universities during this period, especially at Cambridge and Oxford, were relatively narrow, with classical subjects and divinity dominating. Several of
5360-492: The two are married by a rabbi. The rise of fascism is an ever-present undercurrent and is the over arching plot of the film. The progress of the primary characters can be tracked through their changing actions and attitudes towards the ever rising tide of German Nazism in 1930s Germany. In the beginning of the film, a Nazi is expelled from the Kit Kat Klub (by the Klub manager, who suffers a subsequent beating). The 1930s rise of
5440-538: The two reach an understanding. Brian departs for England, and Sally continues her life in Berlin, embedding herself in the Kit Kat Klub. Meanwhile, Fritz Wendel, a German Jew passing as a Protestant, is in love with Natalia Landauer, a wealthy German Jewish heiress who holds him in contempt and suspects his motives. Through Brian, Sally advises him to be more aggressive, which eventually enables Fritz to win her love. However, to gain her parents' consent for their marriage, Fritz must reveal his background, which he does and
5520-515: The year. Following the film's success at the Academy Awards in March 1973, it reached number one at the US box office with a gross of $ 1,880,000 for the week, a record for Allied Artists. It remained number one for a second week. By May 1973, the film had earned rentals of $ 16 million in the United States and Canada and $ 7 million in other countries and reported a profit of $ 4,904,000. By
5600-444: The year. In the middle school, the distinctive school blazer carries a coloured school logo on the breast pocket depicting the pupil's deme. There are currently six demes: There are five main points of entry for prospective pupils: Former pupils are known as Old Gowers, which was derived from Gower Street where the school was founded. Notable Old Gowers include: Notable former staff include: Cabaret (1972 film) Cabaret
5680-402: Was Henry Browne, who quickly caused controversy, by publishing a prospectus for the school which appeared to include some type of communal worship. This was replaced with a new version which also stated that the school would not use corporal punishment. The school opened at 16 Gower Street on 1 November 1830 under the name 'The London University School'. Browne soon resigned from his position and
5760-464: Was an Editorial Advisor, along with Gerald Heard , Aldous Huxley , and Christopher Isherwood , for the bi-monthly journal Vedanta and the West , published by the Vedanta Society of Southern California . During that time, the journal published 10 essays by Van Druten. Van Druten directed the last nine productions of his own plays (see above). At the St. James Theatre , New York in March 1951, he directed
5840-442: Was based on Joe Masteroff 's original book of the stage version. Fosse hired Hugh Wheeler to rewrite and revise Allen's work. Wheeler was referred to as a "research consultant," and Allen retained screenwriting credit. Wheeler, a friend of Christopher Isherwood, knew that Isherwood had been critical of the stage musical due to its bowdlerizations of his material. Wheeler went back to Isherwood's original stories in order to ensure
5920-452: Was critical of the 1972 film due to what he perceived as its negative portrayal of homosexuality: "In the film of Cabaret , the male lead is called Brian Roberts. He is a bisexual Englishman; he has an affair with Sally and, later, with one of Sally's lovers, a German baron...Brian's homosexual tendency is treated as an indecent but comic weakness to be snickered at, like bed-wetting ." Similarly, Isherwood's friend Jean Ross —upon whom
6000-622: Was educated at University College School and read law at the University of London . Before commencing his career as a writer, he practised law for a while as a solicitor and university lecturer in Wales. He first came to prominence with Young Woodley , a slight but charming study of adolescence, produced in New York in 1925. However, it was banned in London by the Lord Chamberlain 's office owing to its then-controversial portrayal of
6080-463: Was freer there." Such ambivalence towards Cabaret (1972) was not unique among Isherwood's circle. The poet Stephen Spender lamented how Cabaret (1972) glossed over Weimar Berlin's crushing poverty: "There is not a single meal, or club, in the movie Cabaret, that Christopher [Isherwood] and I could have afforded [in 1931]. What we mostly knew was the Berlin of poverty, unemployment, political demonstrations and street fighting between forces of
6160-489: Was later made into a movie and a television series . In 1944, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. His play Make Way for Lucia (1948), based on the Mapp and Lucia novels of E.F. Benson , was premiered in New York, but did not have its first professional British production until 1995. His 1951 play I Am a Camera , together with Christopher Isherwood 's short stories, Goodbye to Berlin (1939), formed
6240-543: Was one of the first to abolish corporal punishment . Originally, there were no compulsory subjects and no rigid form system. Most boys learnt Latin and French, and many learnt German (a highly unusual subject to teach at that time). Mathematics, chemistry , Classical Greek and English were also taught. There was no religious teaching. Under the University College London (Transfer) Act 1905 ( 5 Edw. 7 . c. xci), University College London became part of
6320-421: Was one of the more successful playwrights of the early 1930s in London, with star-studded West End productions of his work, including Diversion (1927), After All (1929), London Wall (1931) with Frank Lawton and John Mills , There's Always Juliet (1931), Somebody Knows (1932), Behold, We Live (1932) with Gertrude Lawrence and Gerald du Maurier , The Distaff Side (1933), and Flowers of
6400-512: Was replaced by John Walker (an assistant master). By February 1831 it had outgrown its quarters, in October 1831, the council of UCL agreed to formally take over the school and it was brought within the walls of the college in 1832, with a joint headmastership of Professors Thomas Hewitt Key and Henry Malden . The school was original – it was never a boarding school, it was one of the first schools to teach modern languages , and sciences, and it
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