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47-623: Jingūbashi ( 神宮橋 , Jingūbashi ) , lit. Shrine Bridge , also known as Harajuku Bridge or Harajuku Cosplay Bridge , is a bridge that passes over the Yamanote Line between Harajuku Station and the entrance to the Meiji Shrine in Tokyo , Japan. Formerly a pedestrian bridge , it is now open to traffic. With its wide pedestrian area, it is well known as a spot for cosplayers and fashion performers, which in turn led to it becoming

94-712: A joint-stock company jointly owned by the Government of Japan and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government . The company, founded as a part of then-Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi 's policy of converting statutory corporations into joint-stock companies , replaced the Teito Rapid Transit Authority ( 帝都高速度交通営団 , Teito Kōsokudo Kōtsū Eidan , lit. "Imperial Capital Highspeed Transportation Management Foundation") , commonly known as Eidan or TRTA, on April 1, 2004. TRTA

141-466: A more modern design and has two 15-inch LCD monitors above each door, one of which is used for displaying silent commercials, news and weather; and another which is used for displaying information on the next stop (in Japanese, English, Korean and more) along with notification of delays on Shinkansen and other railway lines in the greater Tokyo area. The predecessor of the present-day Yamanote Line

188-514: A tourist attraction. Jingūbashi is a 20.4-metre (67 ft)-long, 29.1-metre (95 ft)-wide bridge made out of reinforced concrete. It dates from 1982, when it replaced the original bridge that had opened in September 1920. The original bridge was one of the first reinforced concrete bridges in Japan. The current bridge inherits the design and some of the elements of the original bridge, such as

235-654: Is a major rapid transit system in Tokyo, Japan, operated by the Tokyo Metro Co. With an average daily ridership of 6.52 million passengers (as of 2023), the Tokyo Metro is the larger of the two subway operators in the city; the other being the Toei Subway , with 2.85 million average daily rides. Tokyo Metro is operated by the Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd. ( 東京地下鉄株式会社 , Tōkyō Chikatetsu kabushiki-gaisha ) ,

282-484: Is about 158%. The ridership intensity of the Yamanote Line in 2018 was 1,134,963 passengers - km / km of route. The daily ridership of the Yamanote Line estimated in a 2015 MLIT National Transit census was about 4 million people per day. However, in both cases "Yamanote Line" refers to JR East's internal definition of the entire rail corridor between Shinagawa and Tabata stations via Shinjuku which includes

329-512: Is the line's start and terminus) and sometimes Ikebukuro . Certain trains also start from Tamachi in the mornings and end at Shinagawa in the evenings. Trains which run clockwise are known as sotomawari ( 外回り , "outer circle") and those counter-clockwise as uchi-mawari ( 内回り , "inner circle") . (Trains travel on the left in Japan, as with road traffic.) The line also acts as a fare zone destination for JR tickets from locations outside Tokyo, permitting travel to any JR station on or within

376-452: The [REDACTED] Seibu Yūrakuchō Line ( Kotake-Mukaihara Station to Hannō ) TN Tobu Nikkō Line TI Tobu Isesaki Line ( Oshiage to Tōbu-Dōbutsu-Kōen , Minami-Kurihashi and Kuki ) through running to [REDACTED] Minatomirai Line for Motomachi-Chūkagai There are a total of 180 unique stations (i.e., counting stations served by multiple lines only once) on the Tokyo Metro network. Most stations are located within

423-667: The Narita Express and some liner services. Likewise, from 14 March 2015 onwards, the Ueno-Tokyo Line starts services, which connects the Tōhoku Main Line and Jōban Line to the Tōkaidō Main Line , to provide further relief on the busiest portion of the Yamanote Line today, the segment between Ueno and Tokyo stations. Automatic train control (ATC) was introduced from 6 December 1981, and digital ATC (D-ATC)

470-533: The Hanzōmon Line that still have extensions in their official plans, and in the past, these plans have tended to happen, though often over several decades. In March 2022, Tokyo Metro received permission to add two new extensions to the network. Under these plans, the Yūrakuchō Line would receive a new branch from Toyosu Station to Sumiyoshi Station with three new stops (including one at Toyocho Station on

517-744: The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism : b. ^ Ridership of the section between Shinagawa-Tabata (via Shinjuku) including ridership from the Saikyō and Shōnan-Shinjuku services operating through this section. Ridership in the report estimated from OD surveys and commuter pass data. ^ 「平均通過人員」or average passenger intensity is defined by JR East as Annual passenger-kilometre / route length / number of workdays per year. Tokyo Metro [REDACTED] Tokyo Metro lines (Toei and JR lines are shown in faint colours.) The Tokyo Metro (Japanese: 東京メトロ , Tōkyō Metoro )

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564-710: The Subway Museum near Kasai Station on the Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line which opened on July 12, 1986, and features a few retired trains which once operated on the Ginza and Marunouchi Lines as well as a maintenance vehicle and some train simulators . In 2024, Tokyo Metro was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange , debuting as the exchange's largest IPO in six years and with a market capitalization of roughly 1 trillion yen. The Government of Japan and

611-731: The Toei Asakusa and Keikyu Main lines. The Yamanote Line and the Keihin-Tohoku Line tracks were moved slightly to the east to be aligned closer to the Tokaido Shinkansen tracks. The area on the west side of the yard made available will be redeveloped with high-rise office buildings, creating an international business center with good connections to the Shinkansen and Haneda Airport . In October 2022 JR East began performing trial runs for driverless trains on

658-536: The Tokyo Metropolitan Government each sold half of their shares, with the former using the proceeds to repay bonds funding reconstruction after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . In 2017, Tokyo Metro opened its affiliate in Hanoi , Vietnam , as part of preparations to be the service operator of Hanoi Metro . The Hanoi Metro opened in 2021. In November 2024, GTS Rail Operations (a consortium comprising Tokyo Metro, Sumitomo Corporation and Go-Ahead Group )

705-591: The Tōzai Line ) to better serve the Toyosu urban development zone, and the Namboku Line would receive an extension from Shirokane-Takanawa Station to Shinagawa Station , where it would connect with the Tokaido Shinkansen and the under construction Chūō Shinkansen in addition to serving the surrounding business district. Both extensions are expected to open in the 2030s. Pasmo and Suica are accepted on

752-538: The quadruple-track 20.6 km (12.8 mi) corridor between Shinagawa and Tabata via Shinjuku. The corridor consists of a pair of tracks used by Yamanote local trains and another parallel pair of tracks called "the Yamanote Freight Line" used by the Saikyō and Shōnan-Shinjuku line trains, some limited express services, and freight trains. In everyday usage, branding on maps and station signage,

799-806: The "Yamanote Line" refers to the local service (also called "system") running the entire 34.5 km (21.4 mi) line looping between the Yamanote corridor via Shinjuku Station and the central portions of the Tōhoku and Tōkaidō Main Lines Via Tokyo Station. (This article uses the same definition unless noted otherwise.) Trains run from 04:26 to 01:04 the next day at intervals as short as 2 minutes during peak periods and four minutes at other times. A complete loop takes 59 to 65 minutes. All trains stop at each station. Trains are put into and taken out of service at Ōsaki (which for timetabling purposes

846-491: The 23 special wards and fall inside the Yamanote Line rail loop — some wards such as Setagaya and Ōta have no stations (or only a limited number of stations), as rail service in these areas has historically been provided by the Toei Subway or any of the various major private railways ( 大手私鉄 ) . Major interchange stations, connecting three or more Tokyo Metro lines, include the following: Other major stations provide additional connections to other railway operators such as

893-505: The JR East Suica system is also universally accepted. Both these passes also can be used on surrounding rail systems throughout the area and many rail lines in other areas of Japan. Due to the complexity of the fare systems in Japan, most riders converted to these cards very quickly even though there is an additional charge to issue it. The Tokyo Metro is extremely punctual and has regular trains arriving 3 to 6 minutes apart most of

940-650: The Keihin-Tōhoku tracks, particularly on holidays and during off-peak hours, until rapid service trains were introduced on the Keihin-Tōhoku Line in 1988. A major explosion on the Yamanote Freight Line in Shinjuku in 1967 led to the diversion of freight traffic to the more distant Musashino Line . To address severe undercapacity, the freight line was repurposed for use by Saikyō Line and Shōnan-Shinjuku Line trains, as well as certain limited express trains such as

987-463: The Osaki – Shinagawa section was double-tracked on November 30. The loop was completed in 1925 with the opening of the double track, electrified section between Kanda and Ueno on 1 November, providing a north–south link via Tokyo Station through the city's business centre. A parallel freight line, also completed in 1925, ran along the inner side of the loop between Shinagawa and Tabata. During

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1034-511: The TRTA's legal form was a "management foundation" ( 経営財団 , keiei zaidan , abbreviated to and hence eidan ( 営団 ) ) , a form of entity established by the government of the wartime cabinet of the Empire of Japan with both public and private sector investments. Private sector investments to the TRTA were prohibited in 1951 when it was converted into an ordinary statutory corporation. In 2024,

1081-561: The Toei Subway, JR East, and the various private railways, including (but not limited to) the following: As of 1 April 2016 , Tokyo Metro operates a fleet of 2,728 electric multiple unit (EMU) vehicles, the largest fleet for a private railway operator in Japan. Trains from other operators are also used on Tokyo Metro lines as a consequence of inter-running services. As is common with rail transport in Tokyo, Tokyo Metro trains are severely crowded during peak periods. During

1128-708: The Tokyo Metro is made up of nine lines operating on 195.1 kilometers (121.2 mi) of route. Note: Line numbers are for internal usage only and not listed on subway maps. Note: Excluding the 8.3 km (5.2 mi) stretch between Wakoshi and Kotake-mukaihara shared with Yurakucho Line. All lines except the Ginza and Marunouchi lines have trains that run through line termini onto tracks owned by other companies. TN Tōbu Nikkō Line ( Kita-Senju to Minami-Kurihashi and Tōbu-Dōbutsu-Kōen ) TR Toyo Rapid Line ( Nishi-Funabashi to Tōyō-Katsutadai ) OT Odakyu Tama Line ( Yoyogi-Uehara to Karakida and Isehara ) [REDACTED] Seibu Ikebukuro Line via

1175-489: The Tokyo Metro, as well as on railway stations operated by other companies. Transfers between Tokyo Metro subway lines and Toei Subway lines are usually not free, but a discount is given when using the Pasmo or Suica cards to transfer between lines. According to the company, an average of 6.33 million people used the company's nine subway routes each day in 2009. The company made a profit of ¥63.5 billion in 2009. Altogether,

1222-413: The Yamanote Line, most notably at Shinjuku and Ikebukuro (which are now the two busiest passenger railway stations in the world). The contemporary Yamanote Line came into being on 19 November 1956 when it was separated from the Keihin-Tōhoku Line and given its own set of tracks along the eastern side of the loop between Shinagawa and Tabata . However, Yamanote Line trains continued to periodically use

1269-559: The company made its initial public offering , raising $ 2.3 billion in what became Japan's biggest IPO since 2018. The other major subway operator is Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation ( Toei Subway ) which is owned solely by the government of Tokyo. Tokyo Metro and Toei trains form completely separate networks, although Tokyo Metro Namboku Line and Toei Mita Line share the same track between Meguro Station and Shirokane-takanawa Station . Users of prepaid rail passes and Suica / Pasmo smart cards can freely interchange between

1316-403: The day and night. However, it does not run 24 hours a day. While through service with other companies complicates this somewhat, the last train generally starts at midnight and completes its service by 00:45 to 01:00, and the first train generally starts at 05:00. Tokyo Metro also owns a number of commercial developments which mostly consist of shopping developments at major stations. It also owns

1363-529: The line aimed to begin sometime in 2028. Two sets, 17 and 18, were fitted with the new system and re-entered service on the line as train crew conduct ongoing tests on their performance. Furthermore, the two sets are easy to distinguish with an “ATO” (Automatic Train Operation) sticker located on the front and sides of each set. Once ATO is fully installed, this will be the first line of JR East to feature driverless trains. a. ^ Crowding levels defined by

1410-412: The line as the "Yamate Line". Legend Line Rapid Shōnan–Shinjuku and Saikyo Services As of January 2020 , the line's services are operated exclusively by a fleet of 50 11-car E235 series EMUs, the first of which was introduced on the line on 30 November 2015. However, a number of technical faults, including problems with door close indicators, resulted in the train being taken out of service

1457-510: The line is very heavily used. Sections of the line were running over 250% capacity in the 1990s, remained above 200% for most of the 2000s with most sections dropping below 150% in 2018. This is due to larger and more frequent trains being introduced to the Yamanote Line and the opening of parallel relief lines such as the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line and Ueno–Tokyo Line . The maximum overcrowding during rush hour

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1504-415: The line since Nishi-Nippori was built in 1971. The distance between Shinagawa and Tamachi stations was 2.2 km (1.4 mi), making it the longest stretch of track between stations on the Yamanote Line. The new station was constructed on top of the 20-hectare former railyard, which is undergoing rationalization and redevelopment by JR East; it is roughly parallel to the existing Sengakuji Station on

1551-541: The loop. This refers to stations on the Yamanote Line as well as the Chūō-Sōbu and Chūō Rapid Lines and between Sendagaya and Ochanomizu . The Yamanote Line colour used on all rolling stock, station signs and diagrams is JNR Yellow Green No.6 ( ■ , Munsell code 7.5GY 6.5/7.8), known in Japanese as " Japanese bush warbler green" ( ウグイス色 , uguisu-iro ) . Due to the Yamanote Line's central location connecting most of Tokyo's major commuter hubs and commercial areas,

1598-526: The morning peak until 10 a.m. From February 22, 2010, the seats were no longer folded up during the morning peak, and all trains were standardized with newly built four-door cars by 31 August 2011. This was due to reduced congestion on the line as well as preparation for the installation of platform doors on all stations by 2017. The E231 series supported a new type of traffic control system, called digital Automatic Train Control (D-ATC). The series also had

1645-419: The opening of the area to motor vehicles has been credited with lessening the popularity of the area. Jingu Bridge itself has become somewhat less popular in the second decade of the 21st century, with a 2017 CNN guide suggesting that "it's been noted that Harajuku Girls no longer gather in large numbers on Jingu Bridge ... these days". Yamanote Line Internally JR East refers to the "Yamanote Line" as

1692-452: The ornamental railing pillars. The Harajuku area is known internationally as a center of Japanese youth culture and fashion. Jingu Bridge has become one of the locality's popular landmarks. Since the 1960s, it has attracted numerous cosplayers , performers, people dressed in visual kei , lolita fashion (sometimes in gothic variations), or similar outfits, and tourists. The area was pedestrian-only and closed to motor-vehicles until 1995;

1739-408: The prewar era, the Ministry of Railways did not issue permits to private suburban railway companies for new lines to cross the Yamanote Line from their terminal stations to the central districts of Tokyo, forcing the companies to terminate services at stations on the line. This policy led to the development of new urban centers ( 新都心、副都心 , shintoshin, fukutoshin ) around major transfer points on

1786-476: The ridership of the Saikyō and Shōnan–Shinjuku Lines on the parallel Yamanote freight line. Meanwhile, the ridership of the Yamanote Line services between Tabata and Shinagawa Station via Tokyo are excluded and counted as part of the Tōhoku and Tōkaidō Main Lines. " Yamanote " literally refers to inland, hillier districts or foothills (as distinct from areas close to the sea). In Tokyo, "Yamanote" lies along

1833-596: The same day. The E235 series returned to service on the Yamanote Line on 7 March 2016. All Yamanote Line rolling stock are stored and maintained at Tokyo General Rolling Stock Centre  [ ja ] near Ōsaki Station . Prior to the E235 series, the line's services were operated by E231-500 series EMUs, which were in use from April 21, 2002 to January 20, 2020. These trains originally each included two "six-door cars" with six pairs of doors per side and bench seats that were folded up to provide standing room only during

1880-461: The ticketing. Much effort has been made to make the system accessible to non-Japanese speaking users: Many stations are also designed to help blind people as railings often have Braille at their base, and raised yellow rubber guide strips are used on flooring throughout the network. Tokyo Metro stations began accepting contactless ( RFID ) Pasmo stored value cards in March 2007 to pay fares, and

1927-437: The two networks (as well as other rail companies in the area), but fares are assessed separately for legs on each of these systems and regular ticket holders must purchase a second ticket, or a special transfer ticket, to change from a Toei line to a Tokyo Metro line and vice versa. Though, most Tokyo Metro (and Toei) line offer through service to lines outside of central Tokyo run by other carriers, and this can somewhat complicate

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1974-634: The west side of the Yamanote Line. The Seishin-Yamate Line in Kobe and the Yamate area of Yokohama also use this pronunciation. After World War II , SCAP ordered all train placards to be romanized, and the Yamanote Line was romanized as "Yamate Line". It was thus alternatively known as "Yamanote" and "Yamate" until 1971, when the Japanese National Railways changed the pronunciation back to "Yamanote". Some older people still refer to

2021-625: The western side of the Yamanote Line loop. The word consists of the Japanese morphemes yama , meaning 'mountain', the genitive suffix no , and te , meaning 'hand', thus literally translating as "mountain's hand", analogous to the English term "foothills". Yamanote-sen is officially written in Japanese without the kana no ( の、ノ ) , which makes its pronunciation ambiguous in print. The characters 山手 may also be pronounced yamate , as in Yamate-dōri (Yamate Street), which runs parallel to

2068-575: Was administered by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport , and jointly funded by the national and metropolitan governments. It was formed in 1941 as a part-nationalization of the Tokyo Underground Railway and Tokyo Rapid Railway (now both form the Tokyo Metro Ginza Line ), although its oldest lines date back to 1927 with the opening of the Tokyo Underground Railway the same year. Upon its establishment,

2115-758: Was chosen from four bidders to operate the Elizabeth line in London, UK for the period 2025–2032. Tokyo Metro indicated in its public share offering that it would cease line construction once the Fukutoshin Line was completed. That line was completed in March 2013 with the opening of the connection with the Tōkyū Tōyoko Line at Shibuya Station , allowing through service as far as Motomachi-Chūkagai Station in Yokohama . There are several lines such as

2162-402: Was introduced from 30 July 2006. Station numbering was introduced on JR East stations in the Tokyo area from 20 August 2016, with Yamanote Line stations numbered using the prefix "JY". A new station, Takanawa Gateway Station , opened on 14 March 2020. This station was built on the Yamanote Line and Keihin-Tohoku Line between Shinagawa and Tamachi stations, becoming the first new station on

2209-480: Was opened on 1 March 1885 by the Nippon Railway Company, operating between Shinagawa Station in the south and Akabane Station in the north. The top part of the loop between Ikebukuro and Tabata (a distance of 3.3 km (2.1 mi)) opened on 1 April 1903, and both lines were merged to become the Yamanote Line on 12 October 1909. The line was electrified on December 16, 1909, soon after

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