Whipped! is the third album by the American band Faster Pussycat , released in 1992 by Elektra Records .
83-407: "Nonstop to Nowhere", for which there is a video , was released as a single and reached No. 35 on Billboard ' s Mainstream Rock track chart. The track "Mr. Lovedog" was a tribute to the Mother Love Bone singer Andrew Wood , who had died in 1990. The tracks "Too Tight" and "Charge Me Up" were recorded during these sessions, but did not make it onto the final album. They were released on
166-439: A magic lantern , Thomas projected a series of still images on a screen simultaneous to live performances. This would become a popular form of entertainment known as the illustrated song , the first step toward music video. With the arrival of " talkies " many musical short films were produced. Vitaphone shorts (produced by Warner Bros. ) featured many bands, vocalists, and dancers. Animation artist Max Fleischer introduced
249-882: A 1983 interview, Bowie spoke about the importance of using music videos in addressing social issues, "Let's try to use the video format as a platform for some kind of social observation, and not just waste it on trotting out and trying to enhance the public image of the singer involved". In 1983, one of the most successful, influential and iconic music videos of all time was released: the nearly 14-minute-long video for Michael Jackson 's song " Thriller ", directed by John Landis . The video set new standards for production, having cost US $ 800,000 to film. The video for "Thriller", along with earlier videos by Jackson for his songs " Billie Jean " and " Beat It ", were instrumental in getting music videos by African-American artists played on MTV. Prior to Jackson's success, videos by African-American artists were rarely played on MTV: according to MTV, this
332-542: A demand for frequent studio appearances by renowned British and US artists at short notice, as the charts came out on Tuesday mornings and the show was taped live on Thursdays. Coupled with the artists busy touring schedules and subsequent requests from broadcasters in Europe and America to showcase popular British acts, ultimately prompted the production of pre-recorded or filmed inserts referred to as "promotional videos." These videos served as substitutes for live performances by
415-424: A feature film, Lookout Sister . These films were, according to music historian Donald Clarke , the "ancestors" of music video. Musical films were another important precursor to a music video, and several well-known music videos have imitated the style of classic Hollywood musicals from the 1930s–50s. One of the best-known examples is Madonna's 1985 video for " Material Girl " (directed by Mary Lambert ) which
498-505: A friend of David and Angie Bowie ) shot in San Francisco outside the famous Mars Hotel , with Fox posing provocatively in the street while Bowie lounges against the wall, smoking. Country music also picked up on the trend of promotional film clips to publicize songs. Sam Lovullo, the producer of the television series Hee Haw , explained his show presented "what were, in reality, the first musical videos", while JMI Records made
581-454: A great deal of their success to the skillful construction and seductive appeal of their videos. Two key innovations in the development of the modern music video were the development of relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use video recording and editing equipment, and the development of visual effects created with techniques such as image compositing . The advent of high-quality color videotape recorders and portable video cameras coincided with
664-570: A new contract with Paramount Pictures in late 1928. Beginning in February 1929, the song cartoons returned under a new name, Screen Songs , using the Western Electric sound-on-film process. The first was The Sidewalks of New York ( East Side, West Side ) released on 5 February 1929. In the 1930s, the shorts began to feature such musical guest stars as Lillian Roth , Ethel Merman , Cab Calloway , Rudy Vallée , The Mills Brothers ,
747-514: A new dynamic to the show, enhancing its visual appeal and diversifying the entertainment value for viewers. One notable example was the video for Roy Orbison 's song ' Oh Pretty Woman ', which Dorfman filmed and directed in the rooftop garden of London's Kensington-based Derry and Toms department store on 19 October 1964 as a visual accompaniment to the song. It subsequently aired on Top of the Pops on 22 October, 29, as well as 12 November and 19." By
830-463: A number of Asian countries, including Korea . Billboard's reviewer praised the album's diversity and strength of musical material. He singled out "AOR -ready anthem in "Nonstop To Nowhere," an innuendo - ridden teaser in "Big Dictionary," and two strong ballads: "Friends," a touching paean to friendship, and "Mr. Lovedog," a tribute to the late Andrew Wood of Mother Love Bone " and predicted chart entering. Music video A music video
913-419: A particular song. "The video material was a very workable production item for the show," he wrote. "It provided picture stories for songs. However, some of our guests felt the videos took attention away from their live performances, which they hoped would promote record sales. If they had a hit song, they didn't want to play it under comic barnyard footage." The concept's mixed reaction eventually spelled an end to
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#1732797634898996-486: A phenomenal success and win nine MTV Video Music Awards. In the same year, Kraftwerk released the song " Musique Non Stop ". The video featured 3D animations of the group. It was a collaboration with Rebecca Allen of the New York Institute of Technology and ran continuously on MTV for a while. In 1988, the show Yo! MTV Raps introduced; the show helped to bring hip hop music to a mass audience for
1079-582: A promotional music video with similarities to more abstract, modern videos seems to be the Czechoslovakian "Dáme si do bytu" ("We´ll put in the apartment") created and directed by Ladislav Rychman . In the late 1950s the Scopitone , a visual jukebox, was introduced in France and short films were produced by many French artists, such as Serge Gainsbourg , Françoise Hardy , Jacques Dutronc , and
1162-476: A series of animated cartoons produced at the Fleischer Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures between 1929 and 1938. Paramount brought back the sing-along cartoons in 1945, now in color, and released them regularly through 1951. Two of Paramount's one-shot cartoons quietly revived the format later: Candy Cabaret (1954) and Hobo's Holiday (1963). The Screen Songs are a continuation of
1245-531: A series of promotional films directed by pop photographer Mick Rock , who worked extensively with Bowie in this period. Rock directed and edited four clips to promote four consecutive David Bowie singles—" John, I'm Only Dancing " (May 1972), " The Jean Genie " (November 1972), the December 1972 US re-release of " Space Oddity " and the 1973 release of the single " Life on Mars? " (lifted from Bowie's earlier album Hunky Dory ). The clip for "John, I'm Only Dancing"
1328-418: A series of sing-along short cartoons called Screen Songs , which invited audiences to sing along to popular songs by "following the bouncing ball", which is similar to a modern karaoke machine. Early cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on camera in live-action segments during the cartoons . John Logie Baird created Phonovision discs featuring Betty Bolton and other singers from
1411-538: A story of how drummer Keith Moon came to join the group: The other three band members are having tea inside what looks like an abandoned hangar when suddenly a "bleeding box" arrives, out of which jumps a fast-running, time lapse, Moon that the other members subsequently try to get a hold of in a sped-up slapstick chasing sequence to wind him down. Pink Floyd produced promotional films for their songs, including " San Francisco: Film ", directed by Anthony Stern , " Scarecrow ", " Arnold Layne " and " Interstellar Overdrive ",
1494-514: A storyline or plot to the music video. Occasionally videos were made in a non-representational form, in which the musical artist was not shown. Because music videos are mainly intended to promote the artist, such videos are comparatively rare; three early 1980s examples are Bruce Springsteen 's " Atlantic City ", directed by Arnold Levine, David Mallet 's video for David Bowie and Queen 's " Under Pressure ", and Ian Emes ' video for Duran Duran 's " The Chauffeur ". One notable later example of
1577-409: A trend that had begun earlier with directors such as Lasse Hallström and David Fincher . Two of the videos directed by Romanek in 1995 are notable for being two of the three most expensive music videos of all time : Michael and Janet Jackson 's " Scream ", which allegedly cost $ 7 million to produce, and Madonna 's " Bedtime Story ", which cost a reported $ 5 million. From this, "Scream"
1660-498: A two-reel short film called St. Louis Blues featuring a dramatized performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period. Soundies , produced and released for the Panoram film jukebox, were musical films that often included short dance sequences, similar to later music videos. Musician Louis Jordan made short films for his songs, some of which were spliced together into
1743-791: Is a video that integrates a song or an album with imagery that is produced for promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings . These videos are typically shown on music television and on streaming video sites like YouTube , or more rarely shown theatrically. They can be commercially issued on home video, either as video albums or video singles. The format has been described by various terms including " illustrated song ", "filmed insert", "promotional (promo) film", "promotional clip", "promotional video", "song video", "song clip", "film clip", "video clip", or simply "video". While musical short films were popular as soon as recorded sound
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#17327976348981826-661: Is the most expensive video to date. In the mid to late 1990s, Walter Stern directed " Firestarter " by The Prodigy , " Bitter Sweet Symphony " by The Verve , and " Teardrop " by Massive Attack . During this period, MTV launched channels around the world to show music videos produced in each local market: MTV Latin America in 1993, MTV India in 1996, and MTV Mandarin in 1997, among others. MTV2 , originally called "M2" and meant to show more alternative and older music videos, debuted in 1996. In 1999, Mariah Carey 's " Heartbreaker " (featuring guest rapper Jay-Z ) became one of
1909-634: The Belted, Buckled and Booted EP . There are two different versions of the Whipped! album cover; one features a zoomed-out shot of the band running away from a giant dominatrix , whereas the other version is a zoomed-in version of the same picture, so it simply looks like the band members are running across a beach. The record was not released on vinyl in the United States , but was in Europe and
1992-825: The Boswell Sisters , and others. The series, which eventually focused on many of the " Big Bands " of "The Swing Era" continued until 1938. In 1945, Famous Studios , successors to the Fleischers, revived the Screen Songs as an all animated series. The earliest Screen Song released as part of the Noveltoons series, When G.I. Johnny Comes Home , was released on February 2, 1945. Back to back,, , hits Bernard Wolf Dave Tendlar Bernard Wolf Reuben Timinsky Dave Tendlar Tom Bonfiglio William Henning Reuben Timinsky Dave Tendlar " Start your day with
2075-401: The U.S. —so they could promote their record releases without having to make in-person appearances. Their first batch of promo films shot in late 1965 (including their then-current single, " Day Tripper "/" We Can Work It Out "), were fairly straightforward mimed-in-studio performance pieces (albeit sometimes in silly sets) and meant to blend in fairly seamlessly with television shows like Top of
2158-593: The most expensive ever made , costing over $ 2.5 million. From 1991 to 2001, Billboard had its own Music Video Awards. The website iFilm , which hosted short videos including music videos, launched in 1997. Napster , a peer-to-peer file sharing service which ran between 1999 and 2001, enabled users to share video files, including those for music videos. By the mid-2000s, MTV and many of its sister channels had largely abandoned showing music videos in favor of reality TV shows, which were more popular with its audiences, and which MTV had itself helped to pioneer with
2241-501: The "concert version" promo clip for "Have You Seen Your Mother, Baby". The group also filmed a color promo clip for the song " 2000 Light Years from Home " (from their album Their Satanic Majesties Request ) directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg . In 1968, Michael Lindsay-Hogg directed three clips for their single " Jumpin' Jack Flash " / "Child Of The Moon"—a color clip for "Child Of The Moon" and two different clips for "Jumpin' Jack Flash". In 1968, they collaborated with Jean-Luc Godard on
2324-494: The "video" concept on Hee Haw . Promotional films of country music songs, however, continued to be produced. In 1974, the band Sparks made a promotional video for their song " This Town Ain't Big Enough for Both of Us ". The Australian TV shows Countdown and Sounds , both of which premiered in 1974, followed in the steps of the UK's Top of the Pops and were significant in developing and popularizing what would later become
2407-613: The 1930s. The early animated films by Walt Disney , such as the Silly Symphonies shorts and especially Fantasia , which featured several interpretations of classical pieces, were built around music. The Warner Bros. cartoons, even today billed as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies , were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Bros. musical films . Live-action musical shorts, featuring such popular artists as Cab Calloway , were also distributed to theaters. Blues singer Bessie Smith appeared in
2490-638: The 1960s. In 1966, Peter Whitehead directed two promo clips for their single " Have You Seen Your Mother, Baby, Standing In The Shadow? " In 1967, Whitehead directed a plot clip colour promo clip for the Stones single " We Love You ", which first aired in August 1967. This clip featured sped-up footage of the group recording in the studio, intercut with a mock trial that clearly alludes to the drug prosecutions of Mick Jagger and Keith Richards underway at that time. Jagger's girlfriend Marianne Faithfull appears in
2573-456: The 1970s, Top of the Pops had an average weekly viewership of 12,500,000 people, had solidified its status as the premier international platform for artists launching new records at the time, had firmly established the significance of promotional film clips as a crucial tool for promoting the careers of emerging artists and generating buzz for new releases by established acts, and was significant in developing and popularizing what would later become
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2656-584: The Beatles and David Bowie with the Video Vanguard Award for their work in pioneering the music video. In 1985, MTV's Viacom (currently Paramount) launched the channel VH1 (then known as "VH-1: Video Hits One"), featuring softer music, and meant to cater to the slightly older baby-boomer demographic who were out-growing MTV. Internationally, MTV Europe was launched in 1987, and MTV Asia in 1991. Another important development in music videos
2739-442: The Beatles starred in their first feature film, A Hard Day's Night , directed by US filmmaker Richard Lester . Shot in black-and-white and presented as a mock documentary , it interspersed comedic and dialogue sequences with musical tones. The musical sequences furnished basic templates on which numerous subsequent music videos were modeled. It was the direct model for the successful US TV series The Monkees (1966–1968), which
2822-716: The Belgian Jacques Brel to accompany their songs. Its use spread to other countries, and similar machines such as the Cinebox in Italy and Color-sonic in the U.S. were patented. In 1961, for the Canadian-produced show Singalong Jubilee , Manny Pittson began pre-recording the music audio, went on-location and taped various visuals with the musicians lip-synching, then edited the audio and video together. Most music numbers were taped in-studio on stage, and
2905-466: The DIY ethos of the new wave era, enabling many pop acts to produce promotional videos quickly and cheaply, in comparison to the relatively high costs of using film. However, as the genre developed, music video directors increasingly turned to 35mm film as the preferred medium, while others mixed film and video. During the 1980s, music videos had become de rigueur for most recording artists. The phenomenon
2988-777: The Internet Accuracy Project, DJ /singer J. P. " The Big Bopper " Richardson was the first to coin the phrase "music video", in 1959. In his autobiography, Tony Bennett claims to have created "...the first music video" when he was filmed walking along the Serpentine in Hyde Park, London , with the resulting clip being set to his recording of the song " Stranger in Paradise ". The clip was sent to UK and US television stations and aired on shows including Dick Clark 's American Bandstand . The oldest example of
3071-808: The Phonofilm sound-on-film process. The films included Oh Mabel , Come Take a Trip in My Airship , Darling Nelly Gray , Has Anybody Here Seen Kelly? , and By the Light of the Silvery Moon . Beginning with My Old Kentucky Home (1926), the cartoons featured the "follow the bouncing ball " gimmick, that lead the audience singing along with the film. The other 17 films in the Song Car-Tunes series were silent, designed to be shown with live music in movie theaters. The Fleischers were ahead of
3154-450: The Pops and Hullabaloo . By the time the Beatles stopped touring in late 1966, their promotional films, like their recordings, had become highly sophisticated. In May 1966 they filmed two sets of colour promotional clips for their current single " Rain "/" Paperback Writer " all directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg , who went on to direct The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus and the Beatles' final film, Let It Be . It aired on Top of
3237-434: The Pops replaced it with footage of bikers and a dancer. The "Jean Genie" clip, produced for just US$ 350, was shot in one day and edited in less than two days. It intercuts footage of Bowie and band in concert with contrasting footage of the group in a photographic studio, wearing black stage outfits, and standing against a white background. It also includes location footage with Bowie and Cyrinda Foxe (a MainMan employee and
3320-405: The Pops on 2 June. The colour promotional clips for " Strawberry Fields Forever " and " Penny Lane ", made in early 1967 and directed by Peter Goldman, took the promotional film format to a new level. They used techniques borrowed from underground and avant-garde film, including reversed film and slow motion, dramatic lighting, unusual camera angles, and colour filtering added in post-production. At
3403-641: The Radio Star " (1979), which became the first music video played on MTV in 1981. In 1975, Queen employed Bruce Gowers to make a promotional video to show their new single " Bohemian Rhapsody " on the BBC music series Top of the Pops . According to rock historian Paul Fowles, the song is "widely credited as the first global hit single for which an accompanying video was central to the marketing strategy". Rolling Stone has said of "Bohemian Rhapsody": "Its influence cannot be overstated, practically inventing
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3486-459: The U.S. video channel MTV launched, airing " Video Killed the Radio Star " by The Buggles and beginning an era of 24-hour-a-day music on television. With this new outlet for material, the music video would, by the mid-1980s, grow to play a central role in popular music marketing. Many important acts of this period, most notably Michael Jackson , Adam and the Ants , Duran Duran and Madonna , owed
3569-526: The artists and played a pivotal role in the development of the music video genre. During the early stages of the show's introduction in 1964, when alternative footage was unavailable, Dorfman and Stewart resorted to capturing footage of the enthusiastic audience dancing. However, a significant change took place in October 1964 when a decision was made to occasionally introduce a dance troupe with choreographed routines for specific tracks. This addition brought
3652-537: The chain of 36 theaters operated by The Red Seal Pictures Company, which was equipped with the early Lee DeForest Phonofilm sound reproduction equipment. The Red Seal theater chain—formed by the Fleischers, DeForest, Edwin Miles Fadiman, and Hugo Riesenfeld —went from the East Coast to Columbus, Ohio . Between May 1924 and September 1926, the Fleischers released 36 Song Car-Tunes series, with 19 using
3735-406: The earlier Fleischer series Song Car-Tunes in color. They are sing-along shorts featuring the famous " bouncing ball ", a sort of precursor to modern karaoke videos. They often featured popular melodies of the day. The early Song Car-Tunes were among the earliest sound films, produced two years before The Jazz Singer . They were largely unknown at the time because their release was limited to
3818-453: The end of 1967 the group released their third film, the one hour, made-for-television project Magical Mystery Tour ; it was written and directed by the group and first broadcast on the BBC on Boxing Day 1967. Although poorly received at the time for lacking a narrative structure, it showed the group to be adventurous music filmmakers in their own right. Concert films were being released in
3901-583: The film Sympathy for the Devil , which mixed Godard's politics with documentary footage of the song's evolution during recording sessions. In 1966, Nancy Sinatra filmed a clip for her song " These Boots Are Made for Walkin' " . Roy Orbison appeared in promotional clips, such as his 1968 hit, "Walk On". During late 1972–73, Alice Cooper featured in a series of promotional films: " Elected ", " Hello Hooray ", "No More Mr. Nice Guy" and " Teenage Lament '74 ". Also during late 1972–73, David Bowie featured in
3984-441: The first music video to have a production cost of over $ 500,000. The video was made in solarized color with stark black-and-white scenes and was filmed in different locations, including a padded room and a rocky shore. The video became one of the most iconic ever made at the time, and its complex nature is seen as significant in the evolution of the music video. The same year, New Zealander group Split Enz had major success with
4067-428: The first music videos were clips produced by ex-Monkee Michael Nesmith , who started making short musical films for Saturday Night Live . In 1981, he released Elephant Parts , the first winner of a Grammy for music video, directed by William Dear. Billboard credits the independently produced Video Concert Hall as being the first with nationwide video music programming on American television. In 1981,
4150-443: The first time. In November 1992, MTV began screening videos made by Chris Cunningham , Michel Gondry , Spike Jonze , Floria Sigismondi , Stéphane Sednaoui , Mark Romanek and Hype Williams who all got their start around this time; all brought a unique vision and style to the videos they directed. Some of these directors, including, Gondry, Jonze, Sigismondi, and F. Gary Gray , went on to direct feature films. This continued
4233-426: The growing trend, having achieved fame through the videos for two of their songs, " A Million Ways " in 2005 and " Here It Goes Again " in 2006, both of which first became well-known online (OK Go repeated the trick with another high-concept video in 2010, for their song " This Too Shall Pass "). At its launch, Apple 's iTunes Store provided a section of free music videos in high quality compression to be watched via
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#17327976348984316-522: The iTunes application. More recently the iTunes Store has begun selling music videos for use on Apple's iPod with video playback capability. The 2008 video for Weezer 's " Pork and Beans " also captured this trend, by including at least 20 YouTube celebrities ; the single became the most successful of Weezer's career, in chart performance. In 2007, the RIAA issued cease-and-desist letters to YouTube users to prevent single users from sharing videos, which are
4399-447: The latter directed by Peter Whitehead , who also made several pioneering clips for The Rolling Stones between 1966 and 1968. The Kinks made one of the first " plot " promotional clips for a song. For their single " Dead End Street " (1966) a miniature comic movie was made. The BBC reportedly refused to air the clip because it was considered to be in "poor taste". The Rolling Stones appeared in many promotional clips for their songs in
4482-460: The location shoot "videos" were to add variety. In 1964, Kenneth Anger 's experimental short film, Scorpio Rising used popular songs instead of dialogue. On 1 January 1964, Johnnie Stewart and Stanley Dorfman created the British chart music television series Top of the Pops , which they produced in tandem and directed in weekly rotation until the 1970s . The show's format created
4565-499: The mid-1960s, at least as early as 1964, with the T.A.M.I. Show . The monochrome 1965 clip for Bob Dylan 's " Subterranean Homesick Blues " filmed by D. A. Pennebaker was featured in Pennebaker's Dylan film documentary Dont Look Back . Eschewing any attempt to simulate performance or present a narrative, the clip shows Dylan standing in a city back alley, silently shuffling a series of large cue cards (bearing key words from
4648-473: The music video genre across the globe. In 1964, The Moody Blues producer Alex Murray wanted to promote his version of " Go Now ". The short film clip he produced and directed to promote the single has a striking visual style that predates Queen's similar " Bohemian Rhapsody " video by a full decade . It also predates what the Beatles did with promotional films of their single " Paperback Writer " and B-Side " Rain ", both released in 1966. Also in 1964,
4731-512: The music video genre in Australia and other countries, and in establishing the importance of promotional film clips as a means of promoting both emerging acts and new releases by established acts. In early 1974, former radio DJ Graham Webb launched a weekly teen-oriented TV music show which screened on Sydney 's ATN-7 on Saturday mornings; this was renamed Sounds Unlimited in 1975 and later shortened simply to Sounds . In need of material for
4814-679: The music video seven [sic] years before MTV went on the air." At the end of the 1970s, the broadcasting of music videos on television became more and more regular, in several countries. The music videos were, for example, broadcast in weekly music programs or inserted into various programs. In the United States, for example, on terrestrial networks at the end of the 1970s, music videos were sometimes broadcast on music shows: The Midnight Special , Don Kirshner's Rock Concert , and occasionally on certain talk shows. A worldwide pioneer in programs that only transmitted rock and pop music video clips
4897-491: The non-representational style is Bill Konersman's innovative 1987 video for Prince 's " Sign o' the Times " – influenced by Dylan's "Subterranean Homesick Blues" clip, it featured only the text of the song's lyrics. In the early 1980s, music videos also began to discover political and social themes. Examples include the music videos for David Bowie's " China Girl " and " Let's Dance " (1983) which both discussed race issues. In
4980-504: The product itself. To further signify the change in direction towards Music Video airplay, MTV officially dropped the Music Television tagline on February 8, 2010 from their logo in response to their increased commitment to non-scripted reality programming and other youth-oriented entertainment rising in prominence on their live broadcast. Screen Songs Screen Songs (formerly known as KoKo Song Car-Tunes ) are
5063-561: The property of the music labels. After its merger with Google , YouTube assured the RIAA that they would find a way to pay royalties through a bulk agreement with the major record labels. This was complicated by the fact that not all labels share the same policy toward music videos: some welcome the development and upload music videos to various online outlets themselves, viewing music videos as free advertising for their artists, while other labels view music videos not as an advertisement, but as
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#17327976348985146-506: The release of "Thriller", stating that he was "floored" by how much MTV neglected black artists, bringing attention to how videos by the "few black artists that one does see" only appeared on MTV between 2:00 a.m. until 6:00 a.m. when nobody was watching. MTV also influences music video shows aired on other American TV channels, such as: Friday Night Videos , launched in 1983 on the terrestrial network NBC and MV3 launched in 1982. On March 5, 1983, Country Music Television (CMT),
5229-415: The same claim with Don Williams ' 1973 song " The Shelter of Your Eyes ". Country music historian Bob Millard wrote that JMI had pioneered the country music video concept by "producing a 3-minute film" to go along with Williams' song. Lovullo said his videos were conceptualized by having the show's staff go to nearby rural areas and film animals and farmers, before editing the footage to fit the storyline of
5312-402: The shot 50 seconds into the song, in which George Harrison 's left hand and the neck of his guitar are seen in sharp focus in the foreground while the completely out-of-focus figure of John Lennon sings in the background. In 1965, the Beatles started making promotional clips (then known as "filmed inserts") for distribution and broadcast on Top of the Pops and in different countries—primarily
5395-444: The show The Real World , which premiered in 1992. 2005 saw the launch of YouTube , which made the viewing of online video much faster and easier; Google Videos , Yahoo! Video , Facebook and Myspace 's video functionality use similar technology. Such websites had a profound effect on the viewing of music videos; some artists began to see success as a result of videos seen mostly or entirely online. The band OK Go capitalized on
5478-686: The show's minuscule budget, Countdown ' s original director Paul Drane was able to create several memorable music videos especially for the show, including the classic film-clips for the AC/DC hits " It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll) " and " Jailbreak ". After relocating to the UK in the mid-1970s, Mulcahy made successful promo films for several noted British pop acts—his early UK credits included XTC 's " Making Plans for Nigel " (1979) and his landmark video clip for The Buggles ' " Video Killed
5561-741: The show, Webb approached Seven newsroom staffer Russell Mulcahy and asked him to shoot film footage to accompany popular songs for which there were no purpose-made clips (e.g. Harry Nilsson 's " Everybody's Talkin "). Using this method, Webb and Mulcahy assembled a collection of about 25 clips for the show. The success of his early efforts encouraged Mulcahy to quit his TV job and become a full-time director, and he made clips for several popular Australian acts including Stylus , Marcia Hines , Hush and AC/DC . As it gained popularity, Countdown talent coordinator Ian "Molly" Meldrum and producer Michael Shrimpton quickly realized that "film clips" were becoming an important new commodity in music marketing. Despite
5644-513: The single " I Got You " and the album True Colours , and later that year they produced a complete set of promo clips for each song on the album (directed by their percussionist, Noel Crombie ) and to market these on videocassette. This was followed a year later by the video album, The Completion Backward Principle by The Tubes , directed by the group's keyboard player, Michael Cotten, which included two videos directed by Russell Mulcahy ("Talk to Ya Later" and "Don't Want to Wait Anymore"). Among
5727-435: The song an international hit. The song itself was a wry comment on the music-video phenomenon, sung from the point of view of an appliance deliveryman both drawn to and repelled by the outlandish images and personalities that appeared on MTV. In 1986, Peter Gabriel 's song " Sledgehammer " used special effects and animation techniques developed by British studio Aardman Animations . The video for "Sledgehammer" would go on to be
5810-419: The song's lyrics). Besides the Beatles, many other British artists made "filmed inserts" so they could be screened on TV when the bands were not available to appear live. The Who featured in several promotional clips, beginning with their 1965 clip for " I Can't Explain ". Their plot clip for " Happy Jack " (1966) shows the band acting like a gang of thieves. The promo film to " Call Me Lightning " (1968) tells
5893-474: The sound revolution, and just missed the actual change when Red Seal Pictures filed for bankruptcy in the fall of 1926. In 1928, the Weiss Brothers reissued through their Artclass Pictures company and other independent distributors a number of the silent "Ko-Ko Song Car-tunes" with new animation created for the beginnings, removing the original titles and opening original footage. The Fleischers signed
5976-402: The trial scenes and presents the "judge" (Richards) with what may be the infamous fur rug that had featured so prominently in the press reports of the drug bust at Richards' house in early 1967. When it is pulled back, it reveals an apparently naked Jagger with chains around his ankles. The clip concludes with scenes of the Stones in the studio intercut with footage that had previously been used in
6059-446: The variety for the audience. Many music videos interpret images and scenes from the song's lyrics , while others take a more thematic approach. Other music videos may not have any concept, being only a filmed version of the song's live concert performance. In 1894, sheet music publishers Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern hired electrician George Thomas and various artists to promote sales of their song " The Little Lost Child ". Using
6142-441: Was because it initially conceived itself as a rock-music-oriented channel, although musician Rick James was outspoken in his criticism of the cable channel, claiming in 1983 that MTV's refusal to air the music video for his song " Super Freak " and clips by other African-American performers was "blatant racism". British rock singer David Bowie had also recently lashed out against MTV during an interview that he did with them prior to
6225-508: Was closely modelled on Jack Cole 's staging of " Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend " from the film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes . Several of Michael Jackson 's videos show the unmistakable influence of the dance sequences in classic Hollywood musicals, including the landmark " Thriller " and the Martin Scorsese -directed " Bad ", which was influenced by the stylized dance "fights" in the film version of West Side Story . According to
6308-437: Was famously parodied by BBC television comedy program Not The Nine O'Clock News who produced a spoof music video "Nice Video, Shame About The Song" (the title was a spoof of a recent pop hit "Nice Legs, Shame About Her Face"). In this period, directors and the acts they worked with began to discover and expand the form and style of the genre, using more sophisticated effects in their videos, mixing film and video, and adding
6391-437: Was introduced to theatrical film screenings in the 1920s, the music video rose to prominence in the 1980s when American pay-TV channel MTV based its format around the medium. Music videos use a wide range of styles and contemporary video-making techniques, including animation , live-action , documentary , and non-narrative approaches such as abstract film . Combining these styles and techniques has become more popular due to
6474-732: Was launched, created and founded by Glenn D. Daniels and uplinked from the Video World Productions facility in Hendersonville, Tennessee . The MuchMusic video channel was launched in Canada in 1984. In 1984, MTV also launched the MTV Video Music Awards (later to be known as the VMAs), an annual awards event that would come to underscore MTV's importance in the music industry. The inaugural event rewarded
6557-476: Was made with a budget of just US$ 200 and filmed at the afternoon rehearsal for Bowie's Rainbow Theatre concert on August 19, 1972. It shows Bowie and band mimicking to the record intercut with footage of the Lindsay Kemp mime troupe, dancing on stage and behind a back-lit screen. The clip was turned down by the BBC, who reportedly found the homosexual overtones of the film distasteful; accordingly, Top of
6640-541: Was similarly composed of film segments that were created to accompany various Monkees songs. The Beatles' second feature, Help! (1965), was a much more lavish affair, filmed in color in London and on international locations. The title track sequence, filmed in black-and-white, is arguably one of the prime archetypes of the modern performance-style music video, employing rhythmic cross-cutting, contrasting long shots and close-ups, and infrequent shots and camera angles, such as
6723-664: Was the Peruvian program Disco Club, hosted by the Peruvian musician Gerardo Manuel, which began its transmission on the Peruvian state channel (Channel 7 of Lima , Perú in free-to-air TV) in June 1978, three years before the appearance of MTV. Initially, it was only broadcast on Saturdays at 7 p.m. , but due to acceptance, in November of that same year it began to be broadcast every day. Video Concert Hall , created by Jerry Crowe and Charles Henderson and launched on November 1, 1979,
6806-426: Was the first nationwide video music programming on American cable television, predating MTV by almost two years. The USA Cable Network program Night Flight was one of the first American programs to showcase these videos as an art form. In 1980, the music video to David Bowie 's " Ashes to Ashes " became the most expensive ever made , having a production cost of $ 582,000 (equivalent to $ 2.15 million in 2023),
6889-446: Was the launch of The Chart Show on the UK's Channel 4 in 1986. This was a program that composed entirely of music videos (the only outlet many videos had on British TV at the time ), with no presenters. Instead, the videos were linked by then state of the art computer graphics . The show moved to ITV in 1989. The video for the 1985 Dire Straits song " Money for Nothing " made pioneering use of computer animation, and helped make
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