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33-592: The first railway in Russia connecting Saint Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo , 27.9 km long, commissioned in 1837, is a part of the Oktyabrskaya Railway. So is the Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway , the second oldest and one of the busiest lines in Russia, opened in 1851. Connecting Line , the first non-passenger line, is also included. The railway also includes the main line towards Tallinn (as far as

66-562: A 3-kV direct current. The Svir-Murmansk and Babaevo-Costa sections are electrified with an alternating current of 25 kV. Transit Toksovo-Peri, Priozersk direction The main course of the October Railway follows the historical Nikolayevskaya railway. A smaller section follows the Vishera - Bourgas route. The modern October line runs north to south from Murmansk to Moscow (over 2 thousand km), with more than 900 km located beyond

99-525: A factory managed by Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg . The Tsarskoye Selo Railway had a short length, very limited capacity, and nearly no industrial value – it was mainly transporting nobles for sightseeing in Tsarskoye Selo and festivities in Pavlovsk. Yet it was regarded as an important step in the development of a rail network in Russia. In particular, experience demonstrated

132-633: A few miners, together with the load of ore. The steam locomotive was constructed by the Russian engineers, father and son Cherepanovs . However, their design had not found application outside of their factory, and most hardware for the Tsarskoye Selo Railway, including rails, carriages, locomotives and railroad switches , was purchased abroad. The first European railways had demonstrated their great economic potential, and in August 1834,

165-472: A hundred trips in the first week, and was mostly preoccupied with not hitting the wondering crowds of people who arrived to watch the curiosity. Passengers on one of those trips were Nicholas   I and his family. These tests demonstrated that the line could be operated through the Russian winter, proving the skeptics wrong. The first regular train left St. Petersburg on 30 October 1837 and in 35 minutes arrived in Tsarskoye Selo. This train of eight carriages

198-426: A layer of stones and gravel. Rails had a length of 3.7 m (12.1 ft), 4.6 or 4.9 m (15.1 or 16.1 ft) and a weight of 123 kg/m (248 lb/yd), 145.4 or 154 kg/m (293.1 or 310.4 lb/yd). While the line near Tsarskoye Selo was completed in 1836, the steam locomotives had not arrived yet, and the work near St. Petersburg was delayed by land purchasing problems. Therefore, in order to test

231-431: A more reliable system was set up in 1856. The first trips were unscheduled; a train schedule was introduced on 15 May 1838, with five trips per day between 9am and 10pm (7am and 11pm in summer). Trains left the opposite terminal stations simultaneously and would bypass each other at a specially designed crossing in the middle of the line. After a head-on collision of two trains on 11 August 1840, trains ran only one way at

264-429: A steam locomotive and read "The founders of the first railway Count Alexander Bobrinsky, Benedict Kramer and I. K. Plitt. The builder of the railway was Franz Gerstner, born Czech and cognate to Russians". Several hundred medals were minted to be distributed at the opening of the railway, but for unknown reasons Nicholas   I did not approve. Yuny railway station Yuny station ( Russian : Ста́нция Ю́ный )

297-512: A suburban transportation, in the long haul - about 17 million Tsarskoye Selo Railway The Tsarskoye Selo Railway ( Russian : Царскосе́льская желе́зная доро́га ) was the first public railway line in the Russian Empire . It ran for 27 km (17 mi) from Saint Petersburg to Pavlovsk through the nearby (4 km) Tsarskoye Selo . Construction began in May 1836, and

330-428: A time. Some passengers were allowed to travel with their small horse-pulled carriages, which were transported on the open platforms of the train. Smoking on the train was prohibited for reasons of safety; violators were removed from the train and their names reported to their employers. The same rules applied to drunkards. Smoking trains were introduced in 1857. A second, parallel line was laid in summer 1876 that increased

363-620: A top on-line speed of about 60 km/h (37 mph). The carriages had wooden frames and two pairs of cast iron wheels with steel rims . Their bottom parts were built in England and the top in Belgium or Russia. The top (passenger part) was nailed to the wooden bottom frame. The carriages had no heating, and their top parts had four different designs. Their capacity varied between 30 and 42 passengers. Starting from 1856, imported locomotives were supplemented by local ones, produced on

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396-594: Is a railway station located in St. Petersburg , Russia . It was constructed by the JSC Primorskaya Saint Peterburg–Sestroretsk railway and was opened as part of the Ozerki line on July 23, 1893, under the name Grafskiy Pavilion (in translation - Count pavilion). In 1948, the narrow-gauge Small October railway was created here. In 1955, platforms were constructed and the station received

429-880: The Arctic Circle . In the transport system of the North-West region of Russia, the railroad accounted for 75% of freight traffic and 40% of passenger traffic. For 2009, the number of employees of the October Railway was 69,781 people. For 2010, the structure of the road includes 655 stations, 31 locomotive and motor-car depots (including repair, operational and turnover depots), 24 car depots (including repair and maintenance depots), 39 track distances, 23 signaling distances, centralization, interlocking and communications, 13 electrification and power supply distances, 11 distances of civil structures, water supply and sanitation, 3 cargo handling distances. Suburban train Vyborg - Hiytola on

462-588: The Estonian border), providing the track for GO Rail trains to Saint Petersburg. The total length of the tracks is 10,378.4 km, the total length of the tracks is 13323,762 km. The largest node is St. Petersburg, where rail administration is located. All sections of the October Railway, with the exception of the Svir-Murmansk section and the Babaevo-Costa section, are electrified with

495-546: The 1980s, the leadership of the USSR decided to organize a high-speed movement on it. As a result, the route from St. Petersburg to Moscow became the first and only high-speed railway in the USSR. The Small October Railway (Malaya Oktyabrskaya Railway) is a narrow gauge railway in Saint Petersburg which operates since 1948. Stations include Ozyornaya , Yuny and Pionerskaya . This is a children's railway. In 2009,

528-892: The Guards division - Revival In connection with the ongoing reforms of the Russian Railways, the number of structural subdivisions and their names may change in the foreseeable future. For example, in October the Oktyabrskaya Railway Administration (8 regional communication centers) with a population of 2,702 people, the Oktyabrskaya Directorate for the repair of Path (11 track machine stations, 2 experimental track machine stations, 2 rail welding plants and Lodeinopolsky Plant of silicate products) numbering 5,098 people, enterprises for

561-415: The October Railway transported 218.3 million tons of cargo, 181.6 million people (in the long-distance communication - 22.1 million, in the suburban transportation - 159.5 million people). In 2011, the number of passengers transported through the October Railway infrastructure was more than 134 million 183 thousand, which is 1.4 million more than in 2010. Of these, 118.6 million passengers were transported in

594-564: The Russian Mining Ministry invited Austrian-Czech engineer Franz Anton von Gerstner to explore the possibility of building railways in Russia. After several months of travel through the country, in January 1835 he submitted a written report to Nicholas   I and then met him in person, suggesting building railways between Moscow and St. Petersburg and then between Moscow, Kazan and Nizhny Novgorod . Gerstner's proposal

627-502: The capacity of the railway. A train repair workshop was built around that time in St. Petersburg. The railway was profitable, with the ratio of profit to expenses about 1.7. The railway was operated by 236 employees, whose salary took about 22% of the company income. The line mostly transported people, with only about 5% cargo trains. The railway was absorbed by the much bigger Moscow - Windau - Rybinsk Railway in 1899–1900 and converted to

660-408: The drawbacks of the 6 ft ( 1,829 mm ) rail spacing , and the following rail networks used the more standard 5 ft ( 1,524 mm ) gauge tracks . In the 1840–50s, the Tsarskoye Selo Railway was actively used for training of railroad personnel and various locomotive and railroad tests. The opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Railway in 1837 was an extremely popular event, reflected in

693-409: The first test trips were carried out the same year between Tsarskoye Selo and Pavlovsk , using horse-drawn trains. The line was officially opened on 30 October 1837, when an 8-carriage train was hauled by a steam locomotive between Saint Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo. Until the construction of the Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway in 1851, it was the only passenger train line in Russia. In 1899 it

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726-451: The news and in handicrafts and theater performances in Russia. A copper medal (60 mm or 2.36 in diameter) was minted to commemorate the opening of the railway. Its obverse featured Peter   I , Minerva and Nicholas   I, as well as the text "The first railroad from St. Petersburg to Pavlovsk was opened on 30 October 1837. Nicholas   I, the follower of Peter   I, introduced railways to Russia". The reverse pictured

759-694: The ports of the White Sea (Kandalaksha, Vitino, Kem, Belomorsk) and the White Sea-Baltic Canal (on the Medvezhyegorsk-Belomorsk line). Suburban passenger transportations on the road range are carried out by the North-West and Moscow-Tver suburban passenger companies. The main move of the Railways "St. Petersburg - Moscow" from the moment of construction to the present day is one of the most tense directions in Russia. In

792-510: The production of materials for the upper structure of the track (Chudovskiy plant of reinforced concrete sleepers, Bologovsky sewage treatment plant, Gavrilovsky, Medvezhyegorsk and Olenegorsk Th crushed stone factories) totaling 1,058 people. Total withdrawn 8,858 people. Head of the October Railway: Goloskokov Vladimir Nikolaevich (since January 2016). The Oktyabrskaya railway passes through

825-537: The road, first two two-carriage trains were pulled by horses on the Sundays of 27 September and 4 and 11 October 1836. The journey of about 4 kilometers between Tsarskoye Selo and Pavlovsk was taking 15 minutes. Test trips with steam locomotives started in November 1836 on a 7.5 km (4.7 mi) long section between Pavlovsk and the village of Bolshoe Kuzmino. Gerstner conducted those tests himself, with more than

858-496: The standard 1,524 mm ( 5 ft ) Russian gauge . By 1837 the railroads had 6 locomotives, 44 passenger carriages and 19 cargo carriages. In the 1830s–1840s, each train pulled 8 carriages at an average speed of about 30 km/h (19 mph); the speed increased to some 42 km/h (26 mph) in the 1870s. The locomotives of 75–120  hp (56–89  kW ) were purchased in England and Belgium. They weighed about 16 tonnes (15.7 long tons; 17.6 short tons) and reached

891-605: The territory of eleven constituent entities of the Russian Federation - the Leningrad , Pskov , Novgorod , Vologda , Murmansk , Tver , Moscow , Yaroslavl regions, Moscow and St. Petersburg, the Republic of Karelia , and partly through Estonia , Latvia , and Belarus . Combined railway and water transportation of goods (including export-import) is carried out through the St. Petersburg and Murmansk seaports,

924-699: Was evaluated by a commission headed by Mikhail Speransky . The commission found the project feasible and recommended starting with a short railway between St. Petersburg, Tsarskoye Selo and the nearby Pavlovsk. This resolution was supported by the imperial decrees of 21 March and 15 April 1836. The construction and operation of the Tsarskoye Selo Railway was managed by a newly established joint-stock company headed by Count Alexander Bobrinsky (president), von Gerstner and businessmen Benedict Kramer and Ivan Konrad Plitt. The company had about 700 shareholders, both in Russia and in Europe. The work started in early May 1836 and

957-432: Was first done by voice and whistle. An optical telegraph was installed in 1838. It consisted of piles separated by 1–2 km (0.6–1.2 mi) and a guard on duty in a shed nearby. Signals were set by raising 1, 2 or 3 black disks (daytime) or red lamps (night) on the pile and took about 30 minutes to transmit along the line. Electrical telegraph was installed in 1845, but it was dismantled in 1848 due to frequent failures;

990-611: Was merged into the Moscow - Windau - Rybinsk Railway and now forms part of the Oktyabrskaya Railway . The first railways in Russia were short and narrow-track lines with wooden and then steel rails , which were used in the 18th century to transport carriages with ore at numerous mines of the Urals . In particular, the Nizhny Tagil line built in 1833–1834 was equipped with a steam locomotive and could transport

1023-601: Was pulled by a steam locomotive, and its arrival was observed by numerous noble guests, including Nicholas   I. Regular service started in January 1838. Between January and April 1838, most trains were pulled by horses, and steam locomotives were used only on Sundays and public holidays. Beginning in April, horse power was eliminated, and almost 14,000 passengers were transported during the month. The trains ran without stops between St. Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo, and beginning in May 1838 were reaching Pavlovsk. All communication

October Railway - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-418: Was straight, with a slight downhill slope toward St. Petersburg and had 42 bridges. The bridges were mostly wooden and 2–4 m (6.6–13.1 ft) long, with one stone bridge 27 m (88.6 ft) long. Apart from the wide rail spacing of 6 ft ( 1,829 mm ), the structure was regular, with 3.2 m (10.5 ft) long wooden ties separated by 0.9 m (2 ft 11.4 in), resting on

1089-458: Was supervised by 17 engineers, some of whom were previously involved in railway construction in England. About 1800 workers were involved first and were then reinforced by 1400 soldiers. Aiming to promote the railways, the train terminal of Pavlovsk was built as an entertainment center. It regularly hosted evening festivities with invited celebrities, such as concerts of Johann Strauss II and his orchestra every summer from 1856 to 1865. The line

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