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79-701: Ohsweken ( / oʊ ʃ ˈ w iː k ɛ n / ) is a dispersed rural community located within the Six Nations of the Grand River , in the County of Brant , Ontario , Canada. Approximately 300 of the 2,700 homes on the reserve are in Ohsweken, and it is the site of the reserve governmental and administrative offices. From approximately 1840 to 1865, the Six Nations Confederacy council met in

158-620: A World Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 1986. Both the Long Point National Wildlife Area and the Long Point Provincial Park are located on the point. More than 25% of Norfolk County is considered to be forested; especially near the major communities and hamlets that dot the county. The county seat and largest community is Simcoe . Other population centres are Port Dover , Delhi and Waterford . The area of modern-day Norfolk County

237-735: A 4-day stopover of their travelling music festival, called Gentlemen of the Road, in Norfolk County. It took place in the Norfolk County Fairgrounds, and was called the Gentlemen of the Road Simcoe Stopover . 35,000 festival-goers attended the festival, as well as many out-of-town resources for the event production. The aim of this tour was to be an economic stimulus for small towns in various parts of

316-688: A force of about regulars and militia at Port Dover. Using boats on the lake, they reached Amherstburg (also in Upper Canada) and then attacked and captured the American Hull's Army at Detroit. The Americans forces later burned Port Dover. The Americans forces also burnt Port Dover, Port Ryerse and the Walsingham settlement in 1814. In 1837, Norfolk County was separated from the London District to form Talbot District , and Simcoe

395-673: A large group of Iroquois to settle in what is now referred to as "Six Nations of the Grand River." A 1785 census recorded 1,843 Natives living on the Grand River reserve, including 548 Mohawk , 281 Cayuga , 145 Onondaga , 262 Oneida , 109 Tuscarora , and 98 Seneca . There were also 400 persons from other tribes, including Lenape , and others from southern territory, such as the Nanticoke , Tutelo , and some Creek and Cherokee . African-American slaves were also brought to Six Nations and Brantford by Joseph Brant. Brant encouraged members of his family to marry local Blacks, absorbing them into

474-538: A log building near Middleport, Ontario . In 1856, against protests from the Onondaga chiefs, a strong-willed superintendent from the Indian Department , Jasper Tough Gilkison , established a council building in what is present-day Ohsweken, about 6 km (3.7 mi) south-west of Middleport. Gilkison later retired in 1891 under pressure from Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald for incompetence. Though

553-550: Is a Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation community-controlled school. The town is serviced by two community newspapers, Turtle Island News and Two Row Times . Both newspapers feature mostly local news but also include stories related to broader First Nations and Canadian issues. CKRZ-FM , a community radio station, broadcasts a variety of programming including local news, music, language lessons and radio bingo. CJKS-FM , another local radio station,

632-579: Is a rural single-tier municipality on the north shore of Lake Erie in Southwestern Ontario , Canada with a 2023 population of 73,015. Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. The largest community in Norfolk County is Simcoe , whose 2021 population was 16,121. The other population centres are Port Dover , Delhi , Waterford and Port Rowan , and there are many smaller communities . For several years in

711-475: Is among only twelve Chapels Royal in the world. The main town developed at what is now Brantford . It was first called Brant's Town after Joseph Brant , who built his residence there. In 1798, it was described as a large and sprawling settlement. Brant's home was a two-story house, built in a European-American style. In 1797, Brant founded one of the earliest Masonic Lodges in Upper Canada; he achieved

790-410: Is an annual two-day event. The fair has been held every year from 1857 until the present, making 2007 the 150th Fair. This mid-September event involves the children of Walsh Public School and St. Michael's School entering projects and many agricultural commodities, grown locally, for prize money and ribbons. More than $ 1200 was paid to the elementary children in 2006. The fair has grown every year with

869-704: Is another expanding attraction for tourists coming to Norfolk County, with a few wineries in development and numerous farmgate retailers. Wilsonville’s Whistling Gardens, in the northeast Norfolk County, is Ontario’s newest publicly accessible botanical garden and one of the few that are privately run in Canada. In 2014, it was named one of Norfolk’s Top 10 Amazing Places on a social mapping tool created by Ontario’s UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. The Norfolk County Public Library has branches in Delhi, Port Dover, Port Rowan, Simcoe and Waterford. The Simcoe branch, an Ontario Historic Site,

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948-625: Is closed on Sundays and major holidays. The Backus Mill Heritage and Conservation Centre , an open-air museum featuring a historic grist mill and a nature center , is a National Historic Site . Housed in the Lynnwood National Historic Site , the Norfolk Arts Centre is Norfolk County’s public art gallery. The Norfolk Arts Centre has regularly changing exhibits featuring local and regional artists, diverse arts programs and special events. Port Dover

1027-513: Is held every Thanksgiving weekend in October. In addition to traditional agricultural and arts competitions, it features major grandstand shows that include Demo Derbys, Monster Trucks, Tractor Pulls and sold out concerts with artists Big n Rich , Barenaked Ladies , Burton Cummings , Dallas Smith and Carly Rae Jepsen . Every October, Waterford hosts a Pumpkin Festival close to the end of

1106-484: Is held on the last weekend of July at Chiefswood Park. It features a variety of traditional Native dancing by different tribes, food, and crafts. This park is at the corner of Fourth Line Road and Chiefswood Road. It features The Six Nations-Mississauga War Memorial, which commemorates the 200 First Nations soldiers who were killed during World War II. The soldiers fought in Dieppe , France, and Hong Kong, and were part of

1185-613: Is known for their varieties of genres broadcast and dedicated Native American programming. Six Nations of the Grand River The Six Nations reserve is bordered by the County of Brant , Norfolk County , and Haldimand County , with a subsection reservation, the New Credit Reserve , located within its boundaries. The acreage at present covers some 46,000 acres (190 km ) near the city of Brantford, Ontario . This represents approximately 8% of

1264-457: Is now Simcoe was first settled when Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe gave land to Aaron Culver in 1795 on the agreement that he would build mills. After they were in operation, a hamlet formed by 1812, although it was burned down by American troops in 1814. Between 1819 and 1823 Culver laid out a village; streets were surveyed in 1835 to 1836 or 1837. The settlement initially consisted of two distinct areas, Birdtown, named by William Bird who arrived in

1343-581: Is now a part of Norfolk County Archives. Norfolk County established their municipal archives there in 2018 and the collection has grown to include the corporate records for the County, including Council meeting minutes, by-laws, assessment rolls, vital statistics and other County administrative records. The Teeterville Pioneer Museum is a museum devoted to pioneer life in the 19th century. It includes antique farm equipment as well as home and garden tools. The Delhi Tobacco Museum and Heritage Centre displays

1422-716: Is now called the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory, Ontario . The group of Mohawk originally led by John Deseronto , who died in the town named after him, settled on the Bay of Quinte known as Tyendinaga . These were primarily Mohawk of the Lower Castle (of New York). Brant decided that he preferred to settle on the Grand River north of Lake Erie. Mohawk of the Upper Castle joined him in settling on

1501-449: Is open year-round and provides a variety of events, including concerts, public meetings, community fund raisers, dance recitals, workshops, band rehearsals and classes. Annually, more than 36000 people now attend events at Lighthouse Theatre. Waterford's Old Town Hall is home to many local theatre productions. This restored historic building, built in 1902, includes an auditorium with stage, seating for 180, and provides cultural diversity to

1580-711: Is the location of a biker rally which takes place every Friday the 13th . Simcoe is well-known for annual community events including the Lynn River Music and Arts Festival, as well as the Simcoe Panorama. Port Rowan also hosts an annual Bayfest. The Norfolk County Fairgrounds are home to the Norfolk Wildlife and Adventure Show, Eat & Drink Norfolk and the Norfolk County Fair and Horse Show , Canada's largest County Fair, that

1659-927: The Indian Act . The Elected Council has, since its foundation, been the primary government of Six Nations recognised by the Government of Canada. However, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy Chiefs Council has maintained a presence on the reserve despite the establishment of the elected council, representing a continuity with the traditional government of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy. Prior to colonization, education in Haudenosaunee communities took place in "unstructured and non-coercive ways." This continues to this day alongside state education. Members of

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1738-679: The American Revolution and the War of 1812 , Queen Victoria began an annual tradition of giving blankets to their community. The custom ended with Victoria's death in 1901. In 1924, however, the council of the Six Nations decided to revive the practice, this time with gifts of bread and cheese, as a commemoration of the close ties between Six Nations and the British Crown. Every year, thousands of people stand in line to enter

1817-746: The Gaylord Powless Arena where they receive large squares of bread and cheese. The celebrations also include carnival rides and games, a parade from Chiefswood Park to the arena, and a street dance held by CKRZ-FM . The events take place at Chiefswood Park, celebrating National Indigenous Peoples’ Day and the summer solstice on June 21. June 21 is also the day of the Tom Longboat run. There are also festivities at Gage Park in Hamilton . This annual Pow-wow , held since 1979, hosts over 400 dancers and drummers from across North America. It

1896-490: The Normandy Invasion in 1944. The Gaylord Powless Arena seats 648 with room for 200 standing. Originally constructed in 1972, it was renovated in 2005 and is regularly used for lacrosse, hockey and figure skating. On Bread and Cheese Day , the arena serves for distribution of large chunks of bread and cheese. Ohsweken Speedway is a 3/8 mile dirt oval auto raceway located in Ohsweken. Six Nations Polytechnic

1975-477: The agricultural and cultural history of the former township . Despite a province-wide smoking ban, the museum still guarantees its patrons the benefits of viewing the artistry and science of tobacco farming during the Golden Years of growing tobacco . It is located near Quances Dam. There is also a park nearby that is enjoyed by the local residents for picnics , barbecues , and for walking around with. It

2054-590: The county of York . Norfolk County was reduced in size in 1798, with parts going to the counties of Oxford , Middlesex and Haldimand , and became part of the London District . It consisted of the following townships: In 1826, the townships of Rainham and Walpole were moved to Haldimand County in Niagara District because of their distance from the London courthouse. The community that

2133-767: The British and hoped they might stop European-American encroachment on their territories. These allies were from the Six Nations of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy . After the American victory in the conflict, the Crown ceded all of its territory in the colonies to their new government under a peace treaty, including that belonging to the Six Nations without consulting them or making them party to treaty negotiations. The Crown worked to resettle native Loyalists in Canada and provide some compensation for lands lost in

2212-507: The County as a new Agri-Tech hub for the region. Norfolk County's main town is Simcoe , which hosts city council and generally serves as the administrative center. Port Dover , Delhi and Waterford are the other population centers in Norfolk County. Langton and Port Rowan are the largest communities in the western side of the county. As the population is mainly rural, smaller communities generally predominate along highway intersections. Norfolk County's primary tourist attractions are

2291-722: The Grand River, as did bands of the other Six Nations. By the Haldimand Proclamation of October 25, 1784, the government granted a tract of land to the Mohawk Nation and Six Nations bands in appreciation of their support for the Crown during the revolution. The Crown had purchased the lands previously from the Mississauga on May 22, 1784, as part of the Between the Lakes Treaty. Joseph Brant led

2370-424: The London courthouse. Walsingham was originally one township, but had been split into North and South Walsingham in 1881. Prior to its amalgamation with Haldimand in 1974, Norfolk consisted of eight townships . Although no longer political entities, they are still geographic townships that figure in the legal description of lands for surveying purposes, and their areas are still shown on maps for convenience. By

2449-672: The Neutrals First Nation. The same account also indicates that two Jesuits, Breboeuf and Chaurnonot, visited the Neutrals in this area in 1640. The first European to live in the area, with the Neutrals, was William (Billy) Smith, son of Abraham Smith. He eventually settled near the current Port Rowan in 1793. This was in the first community, the Long Point Settlement (near what is now Port Rowan), where mills were built by United Empire Loyalist settlers. In

Ohsweken, Ontario - Misplaced Pages Continue

2528-565: The Onondaga chiefs argued that they should establish their own centre of government, the village of Ohsweken quickly developed in the surrounding area. Six Nations Annual Fall Fair takes place often the first week of September and is one of the oldest Agricultural Fairs in Ontario. Celebrations include the Miss Six Nations pageant, a powwow, horse races, and a derby. In appreciation of the Six Nations' support for Great Britain during

2607-524: The Six Nations as communal owners of the land. He believed the deed should be limited to the current persons living on the land. By 1800, two-thirds of the Haudenosaunee had not yet adapted to the style of subsistence agriculture maintained by separate households that the Canadian government encouraged. Brant had hoped that sales of land to European Americans would help them develop the frontier, but conditions were difficult for such agriculture. In 1813,

2686-635: The Six Nations attended the Mohawk Institute , a residential school which was the subject of numerous abuse allegations. Upon closure of the institute in 1972, the residential school was replaced by the Woodland Cultural Centre. Day schools were also operated on the reserve under the Six Nations School Board (1878–1933), the first Indigenous school board in Ontario. While the official colonial curriculum

2765-460: The Six Nations community survive. According to the Haldimand Proclamation , the original tract of land stretched from the mouth of the Grand River on the shores of Lake Erie to the river's head , and for 10 km (6 mi) from either bank. However, the grant of land included land around the source that the Crown had not purchased from the Mississauga . A purchase from the Mississauga

2844-666: The Vittoria & St. Williams Fire Department Auxiliaries. 2007 was considered to be the 34th consecutive year of the demolition derbies. Throughout the year, the fairgrounds and the Community Centre Hall are frequently used for weddings, funerals, and buck and doe events. The name "Donnybrook Fair" comes from an early settler of Walsh, who said the fair reminded him of an annual horse fair in Donnybrook, Dublin , Ireland . In August 2013, Mumford & Sons hosted

2923-401: The chiefs and councillors of the Six Nations residing in the state of New York would declare war on the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada. In 1828, chief John Brant was appointed resident superintendent for the Six Nations of the Grand River. The Six Nations people were originally given 10 km (6 miles) on either side of the entire length of the Grand River, although much of the land

3002-574: The community in its capacity as a venue for musical, artistic and theatrical productions, a meeting hall and rental facility. More recently, the South Coast Jazz festival has attracted thousands of visitors to the region, featuring since its 2014 inception such artists as Holly Cole, David Sanborn, Oakland Stroke, and Toronto's Shuffle Demons. The Port Dover Harbour Museum, housed in an original fisherman's net shanty, commemorates Port Dover's fishing industry. The galleries present exhibits on

3081-444: The county and began operating in 1889. Even earlier, the Hamilton and Lake Erie Railway (H&LER) began operating in 1873 but was merged with the Hamilton and North-Western Railway which completed the final section to Port Dover and to Jarvis in the mid 1870s. Townships of Norfolk County in 1798: In 1826, the townships of Rainham and Walpole were moved to Haldimand County in Niagara District because of their distance from

3160-407: The county unveiled a new coat of arms which included natural symbols associated with the county: hooded warblers , a tulip tree ( Liriodendron tulipifera ) and an eastern dogwood flower. The first mayor of the county, Rita Kalmbach, was succeeded in 2007 by Dennis Travale, who served two terms as mayor. Charlie Luke succeeded him and served one term as mayor. Kristal Chopp was elected in 2018 and

3239-415: The days of commercial sail as well as Lake Erie shipwrecks, ship building, Long Point, the War of 1812 and other aspects of lakeside life in this community. The museum is also active in the preservation and presentation of local folklore and living traditions, particularly in the areas of fishing and lakeside history. Since 2002, the museum has been the home to a collection of artifacts from the 1852 wreck of

Ohsweken, Ontario - Misplaced Pages Continue

3318-533: The doctor William Osler , where they were considered untraceable for decades. In 2020, the journalists David Bruser and Markus Grill, supported by the ethnologist Nils Seethaler , succeeded in finding the skulls in the anatomical collection of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory. A return of the skulls to the care of the community of origin was suggested in this context. On July 24, 2024, Ice hockey player Brandon Montour became

3397-631: The early 1800s and the Queensway which grew up around Culver's sawmill and grist mill in the 1820s. The post office opened in 1829 and was called Simcoe. The County had an important role during the War of 1812. Fort Norfolk was built in Charlotteville (near Vittoria and Normandale) in 1813 with accommodation for 300 troops. The Battle of Nanticoke, against American troops, was an important event in 1813. In August 1812, Major General Isaac Brock gathered

3476-618: The early 1900s, orchards and canning crops were more typical. A major switch to tobacco began in 1920. By the 1920s tourism was an important contributor to the economy. Summer resorts in Port Dover, Port Ryerse, Normandale, Fisher's Glen , Turkey Point and Port Rowan were attracting many summer visitors. However, Norfolk was primarily agricultural with fruit and vegetables the primary crops. On report from 1924 states that "Norfolk apples have become pre-eminent in two hemispheres"; thousands of barrels of apples were shipped each year and canning

3555-715: The first person to bring the Stanley Cup to Ohsweken after the Florida Panthers won their first championship following their series win over the Edmonton Oilers in Game 7 of the 2024 Stanley Cup Finals . A parade was held in his honour that went from the Ohsweken Speedway to the Gaylord Powless Arena. Several named communities exist within the Six Nations reserve: They later welcomed to

3634-575: The first years on the frontier, as the government did not provide enough supplies or assistance to any of the resettled loyalists, neither Native Americans nor European Americans. They had to create new settlements out of woodlands. In 1785, the government built the first Protestant church in Upper Canada (now Ontario ) on the reserve; it was known as Her Majesty's Royal Chapel of the Mohawks . The Crown maintained its support of this chapel, and it

3713-655: The following territory: ... to be bounded on the north and east by the county of Lincoln and the River La Tranche, now called the Thames , on the south side by the lake Erie until it meets the Barlue (sic) , to be called the Orwell River , thence by a line running north sixteen degrees west until it intersects the river La Tranche or Thames, thence up the said river until it meets the northwest boundary of

3792-498: The help of many volunteers. Fundraising events are held all year to finance the fair. These events include an annual barbecue dance, a Victoria Day brunch, food booths at every "Friday the 13th" event in Port Dover, and numerous raffles. The most popular event at each fair is the demolition derby . These were sponsored for a long time by the Horsepower Unlimited Car Club from Simcoe but are now sponsored by

3871-406: The land speculators had fallen behind in their payments. Because of the lack of payments, Brant was determined to sell more land to make up for the missing payments. In 1796, Lord Dorchester issued another deed for the land. This empowered the Haudenosaunee to lease or sell their land, provided they offered it first for sale to the government. Brant rejected this deed, partly because the deed named

3950-599: The late 20th century, the county was merged with Haldimand County but the merged entity was dissolved in 2000. Located on the Norfolk Sand Plain in the Carolinian Life Zone, Norfolk County's soil type is sandy loam, the most fertile land in Ontario. With a mild climate and lengthy growing season, the region has long been the centre of the Ontario tobacco belt . However, many farmers have begun

4029-470: The loss of their lands in New York. Haldimand promised to resettle the Mohawk near the Bay of Quinte , on the northeast shore of Lake Ontario , in present-day Ontario , Canada. Haldimand purchased from other First Nations a tract 12 mi (19 km) by 13 mi (21 km) on the Bay of Quinte, which he granted to the Mohawk. (There are of course questions about First Nations understanding of such purchase). About 200 Mohawk settled with Deseronto at what

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4108-461: The month. The Waterford Lions and Lioness clubs have been organizing the event since 2009. Due to low funding, the fireworks are no longer an event at the Waterford Pumpkin Festival. The usual features of the Pumpkin Festival are a pyramid of 1500 pumpkins, decorated buildings, craft shows, an automobile show, a carnival, live entertainment, and the locally famous Pumpkinbowl football game at Waterford District High School . The Donnybrook Fair in Walsh

4187-410: The most important achievement of recent years in Norfolk has been the introduction of an electric railway service, by which the produce of this rich agricultural region can be speedily transported to urban markets, and which has greatly benefited Norfolk people by the facility with which short distance travelling may now be accomplished. In addition, Norfolk's chief lake port has reaped untold benefit from

4266-422: The new United States. The Crown also hoped to use these new settlers, both Native Americans and European Americans, to develop agriculture and towns in areas west of Quebec , the territory later known as Upper Canada . The new lands granted to Six Nations reserves were all near important Canadian military targets and placed along the border to prevent any American invasion. The growth of the Six Nations community

4345-399: The new radial service and the prospect for future recognition of Port Dover as Lake Erie's foremost port is very bright, particularly if the latent harbor facilities receive long overdue assistance from the Federal Government. In 1974, the townships of Houghton, North Walsingham, South Walsingham, part of Middleton and the village of Port Rowan amalgamated to form the township of Norfolk. This

4424-449: The original 550,000 acres (2,200 km ) of land granted to the Six Nations by the 1784 Haldimand Proclamation . Many of the Haudenosaunee people allied with the British during the American Revolutionary War , particularly warriors from the Mohawk, Cayuga, Onondaga and Seneca nations. Some warriors of the Oneida and Tuscarora also allied with them, as warfare was highly decentralized. These nations had longstanding trade relations with

4503-476: The population on the reserve. From the 1830s to the 1860s many runaway slaves, escaping through the Underground Railroad , were received and absorbed into the population of Six Nations. Along with the African-Americans who settled largely in the area around Cainsville , Joseph Brant invited several Anglo-American white families to live on the grant, particularly veterans of Brant's Volunteers and Butler's Rangers from New York , who had fought with him during

4582-481: The ports, towns and villages along Lake Erie, which the municipality promotes as Ontario's Garden . These towns include Port Dover, Turkey Point and Long Point. Fishing is another key attraction for tourist, as well as birding, hiking, camping and cycling. Main festivals include the Norfolk County Fair & Horse Show (October), Waterford Pumpkin Festival (October), the Friday the 13th motorcycle rally at Port Dover, and Simcoe Christmas Panorama (December). Agri-tourism

4661-400: The process of diversifying their crop selections to include fruits and vegetables, lavender , ginseng , hazelnuts , and wolfberries as tobacco consumption continues to decrease. A significant natural feature of Norfolk is Long Point , a 40 kilometre (25 mi) spit of land projecting into Lake Erie. It plays an important part in eastern North American bird migration, and was designated

4740-409: The rank of its Worshipful Master . Governor John Simcoe confirmed the Grant with a limited deed on January 14, 1793. Also, this deed forbade them to sell the land to anyone but each other and the king. Led by Joseph Brant, the chiefs rejected the deed. In 1795, the Grand River chiefs empowered Joseph Brant to sell large blocks of land in the northern section, which the Haudenosaunee were not using at

4819-432: The reserve a group of Lenape , who speak Munsee , an Algonquian language . Six Nations of the Grand River is the most populous reserve in Canada. As of March 2023, there were 28,520 band members, of whom 11,688 lived on the reserve. The population consists of the following bands: The Six Nations of the Grand River Elected Council is a governing body established to run the affairs of the reserve in 1924, formed under

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4898-825: The social, industrial, and agricultural history of the area through the use of interactive and engaging exhibits. The Eva Brook Donly Museum is a Victorian-period historic house museum that has been featuring displays of local history since it first opened in 1946. Located in downtown Simcoe and operated by Norfolk County, the museum is renowned for its collections of artwork by the late William Edgar Cantelon and Eva Brook Donly. Here, you can see Dr. Troyer's infamous witch trap, Abigail Becker's gold medal presented to her for having rescued stranded sailors in 1854, an original Van Norman stove and much more. The museum also has an extensive archival collection of local genealogical historical material, including photographs, diaries, wills, legal papers, obituaries, maps and more. The archival collection

4977-420: The steamer Atlantic. One notable exhibit commemorated the bicentennial of the burning of Dover Mills, a hamlet burned to the ground by American soldiers in 1814. The Town of Port Dover was later established when the harbour at the mouth of the Lynn River was dredged. The Waterford Heritage & Agricultural Museum is located in Waterford's best known industrial landmarks "The Pickle Factory". The museum exhibits

5056-406: The subsequent years, sawmills and grist mills were opened and the population increased. After the town site was surveyed in the late 1700s, the area was called Charlotte Villa and was later renamed Charlotteville. Norfolk County was originally created in July 1792 as a constituency for the purposes of returning a member to the new Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada , and was described as having

5135-405: The time. They set terms of no money down because they wanted to take their payment entirely in future years as annual interest. At this time, the population on the reserve was declining; some Haudenosaunee left the Grand River for traditional native communities in New York. After Brant's land sales started in 1795, the population began to increase again. He and the chiefs insisted on annuities to help

5214-422: The traditional sense; they are legally classified as cities. The Townships of Delhi and Norfolk, the Town of Simcoe , and the western half of the City of Nanticoke were amalgamated to form the "Town of Norfolk". Moreover, many smaller communities such as Port Dover and Port Rowan are now in "Norfolk County". The newly formed municipality's first by-law was to change the name to Norfolk County. In January 2005,

5293-622: The war. To encourage his loyalist friends to settle there, Brant gave them larger grants than the government had given other loyalists in other areas of Upper Canada. Some Canadians objected to Brant giving such land grants to whites in the reserve area. As the government did for European Americans, the Indian department provided the Haudenosaunee with some tools and other provisions for resettlement, including such items as saws, axes, grindstones , and chisels. They received help in establishing schools and churches, and in acquiring farm equipment and other necessities. Conditions were extremely difficult in

5372-406: The world, where their festival stopovers occurred. The band encouraged festival goers to spend their money locally at each stopover. Simcoe and Norfolk were no different, where the tour was estimated to attract as much as $ 10 million in tourism revenues. Norfolk County is also known for its attraction to boaters and fishers. The small village in Norfolk County, Turkey Point, is known for having

5451-496: Was a focus for the Princess Point culture ( c.  500 AD – 1000 AD) late in its development. Early Princess Point activity was clustered around the marshy peninsula of Princess Point near Hamilton . The Princess Point people likely were the first to introduce maize agriculture to Ontario, gradually migrating westward toward the Grand River and its fertile floodplains as they did so. This migration continued southward toward Norfolk County, whose better-drained sandy soil

5530-532: Was also a major industry, with companies such as Dominion Canners and St. Williams Fruit Preservers. There were a few factories too, in Port Dover and Waterford, while Port Dover was a major fishing centre, with fish shipped not only within Canada but also to the U.S. A report from 1924 also discusses an electric railway that had been introduced "in recent years". This was the Grand River Railway that connected Hespeler, Berlin (later called Kitchener) and Waterloo with connection to Brantford and Port Dover: Probably

5609-425: Was also hampered. Land, especially in the 17th and 18th centuries, granted a certain measure of power to their owners. Influential leaders such as Joseph Brant and Deseronto were prevented from granting land to business owners who could have brought industry and agriculture to their lands. After the war, Mohawk leaders John Deseronto and Joseph Brant met with British commander Sir Frederick Haldimand to discuss

5688-484: Was created in 1884 on Peel Street after a mechanics' institute was closed and its property donated for the creation of a free public library. The original building was used until 1912, when it was replaced with a new library building constructed as one of the Carnegie libraries . The Lighthouse Festival Theatre Company has produced live theatre at Port Dover's old town hall (under the clock tower) since 1981. The Theatre

5767-411: Was declared to be the district town . At the beginning of 1850, the district was abolished, being replaced by Norfolk County for municipal purposes. Because the county was heavily forested, logging became a major industry between 1860 and 1880. Agriculture was even more important however, with wheat being the primary crop until 1880 and then corn and oats. The South Norfolk Railway was started in

5846-582: Was later arranged, but not carried out. Between 1795 and 1797, Joseph Brant sold 381,480 acres (1,543.8 km ) to land speculators; the property comprising the northern half of the reserve was sold for £85,332. This was the highest price paid to Haudenosaunee up to this time for undeveloped land. Governor Simcoe opposed the land sales. The interest on the annuity promised an income to the people of £5,119 per year, far more than any other Iroquois people had received. The land speculators were unable to sell farm-size lots to settlers fast enough. By 1801, however, all

5925-459: Was later sold. The ongoing Grand River land dispute is the result of disputes over the sale process. The current reserves encompass 184.7 km (71 sq mi), all but 0.4 km (100 acres) in Six Nations reserve No. 40. In the late 19th century, the Scottish doctor Joseph Bell excavated skulls of indigenous people in the six nations. These skulls reached Berlin through the mediation of

6004-614: Was more suitable for maize-growing. By 1669, the French explorers De Galinee and Dollier de Casson had reached what is now Port Dover . They erected a cross with the arms of France claiming sovereignty for King Louis XIV over the Lake Erie region on March 23, 1670. A history of the area written in 1898 indicates an even earlier visit to what is now Norfolk County, in October 1626, by a Recollet priest, Laroche-Daillon with two Frenchmen Grenolle and La Vallee. The priest spent three months with

6083-592: Was on the advice of a report by Milt Farrow , a "special advisor" appointed by the Government of Ontario. This political unit existed from 1974 to 2000. On January 1, 2001, Norfolk amalgamated with Delhi, Simcoe and part of Nanticoke to form an enlarged Norfolk. This municipality immediately changed its official name to Norfolk County—and special advisor Milt Farrow later said in published interviews that he should have recommended those names. Since they no longer have townships or other municipal subdivisions below them, both municipalities are not true "county" governments in

6162-416: Was succeeded in 2022 by Amy Martin. A transit system was introduced in Norfolk County in 2010. Knowledgepool Collective Intelligence Corp. has invested in Norfolk County bringing technology and innovation companies such as a Data Centre, an Electric Vehicle Charging Manufacturer, and Internet of Things development companies to Norfolk. Which is reviving the area with influx of new investment and advancing

6241-545: Was taught and many non-Indigenous teachers taught on the reserve, Indigenous influence on the board allowed for the hiring of many Six Nations teachers, many of them women as was and continues to be the case at the elementary level in Ontario. Teachers on the reserve also formed their own association for professional development, the Six Nations Teacher's Organization. Norfolk County, Ontario Norfolk County ( / ˈ n ɔːr f oʊ k / NOR -fohk )

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