65-564: LKG may refer to: LKG (film) , a 2019 Indian film LKG Tower , an office skyscraper in Makati, Philippines Lokichogio Airport in Kenya (IATA airport code: LKG) LKG, an initialism for Lower kindergarten Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title LKG . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
130-425: A "satisfying political satire film and in-arguably the best of recent politics based movies", S. Subhakeerthana of The Indian Express notes that in spite of it being a "crowd-pleaser", the story "doesn't rise above spoofing the clichéd political characters and situations". Sify appreciated the film's "satirical take on contemporary murky politics" in the country, and noted that Balaji's comic timing and image
195-562: A film. He also wrote the story and screenplay, while cinematography was handled by Vidhu Ayyanna , and editing by Anthony . Priya Anand accepted the female lead role as she felt her character was well-written and exciting. Ramarajan was originally offered to portray the antagonist, but declined due to the character's introduction only mid-way through the film; J. K. Rithesh was instead chosen, and LKG became his final film as actor before his death in April 2019. Rithesh said he accepted
260-590: A footprint in the media through which they propagate (for example, social networks) that renders them traceable and analyzable. However, before internet memes were considered truly academic, they were initially a colloquial reference to humorous visual communication online in the mid-late 1990s among internet denizens; examples of these early internet memes include the Dancing Baby and Hampster Dance . Memes of this time were primarily spread via messageboards , Usenet groups, and email , and generally lasted for
325-411: A form of lived religion . Aguilar et al. of Texas A&M University identified six common genres of religious memes: non-religious image macros with religious themes, image macros featuring religious figures, memes reacting to religion-related news, memes deifying non-religious figures such as celebrities , spoofs of religious images, and video-based memes. Social media platforms can increase
390-497: A hat trick in last 17 years, and only relinquished the seat due to Avudayappan's personal request in the previous general election. He announces that he will contest in the election as an independent candidate, and once he wins, Bojappan will be expelled from the party and government, while he becomes the new CM. LKG realises the hardships of contesting in the elections. He understands that people are in favour of Ramraj due to his strong influence, hard work, caste and image. Also most of
455-527: A longer time than modern memes. As the Internet protocols evolved, so did memes. Lolcats originated from imageboard website 4chan , becoming the prototype of the " image macro " format (an image overlaid by large text). Other early forms of image-based memes included demotivators (parodized motivational posters), photoshopped images, comics (such as rage comics ), and anime fan art , sometimes made by doujin circles in various countries. After
520-624: A meme, which involved mutation by random change and spreading through accurate replication as in Darwinian selection. Dawkins explained that Internet memes are thus a "hijacking of the original idea", evolving the very concept of a meme in this new direction. Nevertheless, by 2013, Limor Shifman solidified the relationship of memes to internet culture and reworked Dawkins' concept for online contexts. Such an association has been shown to be empirically valuable as internet memes carry an additional property that Dawkins' "memes" do not: internet memes leave
585-413: A modern form of the political cartoon , offering a way to democratize political commentary. Among the earliest political memes were those arising from the viral Dean scream , an excerpt from a speech delivered by Vermont governor Howard Dean . Over time, Internet memes have become an increasingly important element in political campaigns, as online communities contribute to broader discourse through
650-437: A new meaning by merging political and cultural references from distinct contexts. Internet memes can also function as in-jokes within specific online communities, where they convey insider knowledge that may be incomprehensible to outsiders. This fosters a sense of collective identity within the group. Conversely, some memes achieve widespread cultural relevance, being understood and appreciated by broader audiences outside of
715-526: A new meme from scratch. Fashion house Gucci employed the former strategy, launching a series of Instagram ads that reimagined popular memes featuring its watch collection. The image macro "The Most Interesting Man in the World" is an example of the latter, a meme generated from an advertising campaign for the Dos Equis beer brand. Products may also gain popularity through internet memes without intention by
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#1732766219577780-428: A significant aspect of Internet culture and are the subject of academic research. They appear across a broad spectrum of contexts, including marketing, economics, finance, politics, social movements, religion, and healthcare. While memes are often viewed as falling under fair use protection, their incorporation of material from pre-existing works can sometimes result in copyright disputes. Internet memes derive from
845-445: A social media-based approach to marketing that was initially met with success (resulting in an almost 50% profit growth that year), but received criticism after sharing a controversial Pepe meme that was negatively perceived by consumers. Meme stocks are a phenomenon where stock values for a company rise significantly in a short period due to a surge in interest online and subsequent buying by investors. Video game retailer GameStop
910-465: A tussle comes within the party, while some party senior leaders do not want LKG to gain fame. However, Bojappan is in favour of LKG. During election, LKG wins against Ramraj, but Bojappan gets arrested in corruption cases, and LKG becomes the CM-elect of the state, due to Bojappan's efforts. The next morning, LKG is at the podium to be sworn-in, where he is shot by a sniper . However he survives as he
975-478: Is Pepe the Frog, which has been used as a symbol for the alt-right political movement, as well as for pro-democracy ideologies in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests. Internet memes can be powerful tools in social movements, constructing collective identity and providing platform for discourse. During the 2010 It Gets Better Project for LGBTQ+ empowerment, memes were used to uplift LGBTQ+ youth while negotiating
1040-418: Is a 2019 Indian Tamil -language political satire film produced by Ishari K. Ganesh and directed by K. R. Prabhu in his directorial debut. The film stars RJ Balaji and Priya Anand , while Nanjil Sampath , J. K. Rithesh , Ramkumar Ganesan and Mayilsamy play supporting roles. Leon James scored the music, while Vidhu Ayyanna and Anthony handled the cinematography and editing, respectively. The film
1105-423: Is composed by Leon James . The audio rights were acquired by Think Music . Leon recreated the song "Ethanai Kaalam Dhaan" from Malaikkallan (1954), featuring additional lyrics by Ko Sesha and released it as single on Republic Day , 26 January 2019. The remix version was sung by Sean Roldan . The second single, "Thimiru Kattaadha Di", was released on 7 February 2019. The third single "Dappava Kizhichaan"
1170-409: Is disputed whether the use of memes constitutes copyright infringement. Fair use is a defence under U.S. copyright law which protects work made using other copyrighted works. Section 107 of the 1976 Copyright Act outlines four factors for analysis of fair use: The first factor implies the secondary use of a copyrighted work should be "transformative" (that is, giving novel meaning or expression to
1235-512: Is involved in election strategy formulation . LKG goes to Delhi to protest and create an awareness against diseases, which gets media attention. Finally, LKG gets Bojappan's attention and meets him at party HQ in Daryaganj . Within a week, Avudaiyppan dies, Bojappan becomes the official Chief Minister, and a by-election is scheduled in Lalgudi constituency. Bojapan urgently announces that LKG is
1300-561: Is recognised as the first meme stock. r/WallStreetBets , a subreddit where participants discuss stock trading , and Robinhood Markets , a financial services company, became notable in 2021 for their involvement in the popularisation of meme stocks. "YOLO investors" are a phenomenon that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic , who are less risk averse in their investments compared to their traditional counterparts. Additionally, memes have developed an association with cryptocurrency with
1365-535: Is reinterpreted to suit the specific needs and desires of those communities, often diverging from the creator’s original intent. Modifications to memes can lead them to transcend social and cultural boundaries. Memes spread virally, in a manner similar to the SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered) model used to describe the transmission of diseases. Once a meme has reached a critical number of individuals, its continued spread becomes inevitable. Research by Coscia examined
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#17327662195771430-636: Is the "E" meme, a picture of YouTuber Markiplier photoshopped onto Lord Farquaad from the film Shrek , in turn photoshopped into a scene from businessman Mark Zuckerberg 's hearing in Congress and captioned with a lone 'E'. Elizabeth Bruenig of the Washington Post described this as a "digital update to the surreal and absurd genres of art and literature that characterized the tumultuous early 20th century". Many modern memes make use of humorously absurd and even surrealist themes. Examples of
1495-405: Is the source of memes such as the "Renegade" dance. In 2022, the term brain rot became used to reflect a shift in how memes, particularly TikTok videos, were being interacted with. The term describes content lacking in quality and meaning, often associated with slang and trends popular among Generation Alpha , such as " skibidi ", " rizz ", " gyatt ", and " fanum tax ". The name comes from
1560-476: Is unable to sing " Tamil Thai Valthu " during a college function. Ramraj discovers that V Analytica is behind LKG and strikes a deal with Sara to support him. Per Sara's advice, Ramraj goes to Delhi and meets national ruling party leaders. He also tries to break the ruling party of Tamil Nadu and prevent Bojappan from trying to take all the party MLAs to a resort. It is revealed that Sara was actually pretending to be on Ramraj's side. She comes back to help LKG, but
1625-513: The Internet , primarily through social media platforms like YouTube , Twitter , and Reddit . Internet memes manifest in a variety of formats, including images , videos , GIFs , and other viral content . Key characteristics of memes include their tendency to be parodied , their use of intertextuality , their viral dissemination, and their continual evolution. The term " meme " was originally introduced by Richard Dawkins in 1972 to describe
1690-631: The ability of a meme to spread, is promoted by factors such as humor (such as the comically translated video game line " All your base are belong to us "), intertextuality (as in the various pop culture-referencing renditions of the " Star Wars Kid " viral video), and juxtaposition of seemingly incongruous elements (exemplified in the Bert is Evil meme). Finally, longevity is essential for a meme’s continued circulation and evolution over time. Internet memes can either remain consistent or evolve over time. This evolution may involve changes in meaning while retaining
1755-461: The adaptation and transformation of a meme through imitation or parody, either by reproducing the meme in a new context ("mimicry") or by remixing the original material ("remix"). In mimicry, the meme is recreated in a different setting, as seen when different individuals replicate the viral video " Charlie Bit My Finger ." Remix, on the other hand, involves technological manipulation, such as altering an image with Photoshop , while retaining elements of
1820-440: The application Vine , a format of memes emerged in the form of short videos and scripted sketches. An example is the "What's Nine Plus Ten?" meme, a Vine video depicting a child humorously providing an incorrect answer to a math problem. After the shutdown of Vine in 2017, the de facto replacement became Chinese social network TikTok , which similarly utilises the short video format. The platform has become immensely popular, and
1885-402: The blog Get Digital for publishing the "Socially Awkward Penguin" meme without permission. Under United States copyright law, copyright protection subsists in "original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression, now known or later developed, from which they can be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or device". It
1950-451: The by-election candidate at the party's general body meeting. Most of the party members and ministers do not agree with Bojappan's decision. The ruling party's deputy-General secretary Ramraj Pandian, who was in USA when Avudayappan died, comes to the meeting hall. He is furious and feels betrayed by Bojappan's actions. He reminds him that he had been elected as MLA from Lalgudi, his hometown, in
2015-560: The community's collective identity. In 2014, the viral Ice Bucket Challenge raised money and awareness for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Motor Neurone Disease (ALS/MND). Furthermore, internet memes proved an important medium in the discourse surrounding the Occupy Wall Street (OWS) movement. Internet memes have also been used in the context of religion . They create a participatory culture that enable individuals to collectively make meaning of religious beliefs, reflecting
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2080-548: The concept of cultural transmission. The term "Internet meme" was coined by Mike Godwin in 1993 in reference to the way memes proliferated through early online communities, including message boards, Usenet groups, and email. The emergence of social media platforms such as YouTube, Twitter, Facebook , and Instagram further diversified memes and accelerated their spread. Newer meme genres include "dank" and surrealist memes, as well as short-form videos popularized by platforms like Vine and TikTok . Memes are now recognized as
2145-510: The copyright holders) have made money through sale of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in auctions . Ben Lashes, a manager of numerous memes, stated their sales as NFTs made over US$ 2 million and established memes as serious forms of art. One example is Disaster Girl , based on a photo of Zoe Roth at age 4 taken in Mebane, North Carolina , in January 2005. After this photo became famous and
2210-428: The development of meme currencies such as Dogecoin , Shiba Inu Coin, and Pepe Coin. Meme cryptocurrencies have suggested comparisons between meme value and monetary markets. Internet memes are a medium for fast communication to large online audiences, which has led to their use by those seeking to express a political opinion or actively campaign for (or against) a political entity. In some ways, they can be seen as
2275-467: The earliest examples of internet memes, specifically the smiley emoticon ":-)", introduced by Scott Fahlman in 1982. The concept of memes in an online context was formally proposed by Mike Godwin in the June 1993 issue of Wired . In 2013, Dawkins characterized an Internet meme as being a meme deliberately altered by human creativity—distinguished from biological genes and his own pre-Internet concept of
2340-513: The factors contributing to a meme’s propagation and longevity, concluding that while memes compete for attention—often resulting in shorter lifespans—they can also collaborate, enhancing their chances of survival. A meme that experiences an exceptionally high peak in popularity is unlikely to endure unless it is uniquely distinct. Conversely, a meme without such a peak, but that coexists with others, tends to have greater longevity. In 2013, Dominic Basulto, writing for The Washington Post , argued that
2405-411: The former include "they did surgery on a grape", a video depicting a Da Vinci Surgical System performing test surgery on a grape, and the "moth meme", a close-up picture of a moth with captions humorously conveying the insect's love of lamps . Surreal memes incorporate layers of irony to make them unique and nonsensical, often as a means of escapism from mainstream meme culture. After the success of
2470-500: The increasing influence of memes; as part of the 2020 US presidential campaign , Michael Bloomberg sponsored a number of Instagram accounts (with over 60 million followers collectively) to post memes related to the Bloomberg campaign. The campaign was faulted for treating memes as a commodity that can be bought. Beyond their use in elections, Internet memes can become symbols for various political ideologies. A salient example
2535-415: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LKG&oldid=1227343883 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages LKG (film) LKG (an initialism for Lalgudi Karuppiah Gandhi )
2600-490: The medium to disseminate information on the virus and its vaccine . Since many memes are derived from pre-existing works, it has been contended that memes violate the copyright of the original authors. However, some view memes as falling under the ambit of fair use in the United States. This dilemma has caused conflict between meme producers and copyright owners: for example, Getty Images ' demand for payment from
2665-491: The meme’s structure, or vice versa, with such transformations occurring either by chance or through deliberate efforts like parody. A study by Miltner examined the lolcats meme, tracing its development from an in-joke within computer and gaming communities on the website 4chan to a broader source of humor and emotional support. As the meme entered mainstream culture, it lost favor with its original creators. Miltner explained that as content moves through different communities, it
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2730-797: The original concept of " memes " as units of cultural transmission, passed from person to person. In the digital realm, this transmission occurs primarily through online platforms, such as social media . Although related, internet memes differ from traditional memes in that they often represent fleeting trends, whereas the success of traditional memes is measured by their endurance over time. Additionally, internet memes tend to be less abstract in nature compared to their traditional counterparts. They are highly versatile in form and purpose, serving as tools for light entertainment, self-expression, social commentary, and even political discourse. Two fundamental characteristics of internet memes are creative reproduction and intertextuality . Creative reproduction refers to
2795-492: The original meme. Intertextuality in memes involves the blending of different cultural references or contexts. An example of this is the combination of U.S. politician Mitt Romney ’s phrase “ binders full of women ” from the 2012 U.S. presidential debate with a scene from the Korean pop song “ Gangnam Style .” In this case, the phrase "my binders full of women exploded" is superimposed on a frame from Psy ’s music video, creating
2860-435: The original work); many memes fulfil this criterion, placing pieces of media in a new context to serve a different purpose to that of the original author. The second factor favours copied works drawing from factual sources, which may be problematic for memes derived from fictional works (such as films). Many of these memes, however, only use small portions of such works (such as still images), favouring an argument of fair use per
2925-483: The originating subculture. A study by Michele Knobel and Colin Lankshear examined how Richard Dawkins' three characteristics of successful traditional memes—fidelity, fecundity, and longevity—apply to internet memes. It was found that fidelity in the context of internet memes is better described as replicability, as memes are frequently modified through remixing while still maintaining their core message. Fecundity, or
2990-464: The party general secretary, becomes the interim CM. Since Avudayappan is the MLA from Lalgudi, LKG decides to put all efforts to contest in the by-election on behalf of the ruling party, once Avudaiyappan dies. However, LKG feels that he needs to create some media visibility to get into Bojappan's good books. LKG gets the paid help of Sarala Munusamy (Sara M. Samy), an employee of V Analytica, an MNC which
3055-431: The perceived negative psychological and cognitive effects caused by exposure to such content. The practice of using memes to market products or services has been termed "memetic marketing". Internet memes allow brands to circumvent the conception of advertisements as irksome, making them less overt and more tailored to the likes of their target audience. Marketing personnel may choose to utilise an existing meme, or create
3120-432: The phrase reaching mainstream prominence around 2014 and referring to deliberately zany or odd memes with features such as oversaturated colours, compression artifacts , crude humour, and overly loud sounds (termed "ear rape"). The term "dank", which refers to cold, damp places, has been adapted as a way to describe memes as "new" or "cool". The term may also be used to describe memes that have become overused and stale to
3185-527: The point of paradoxically becoming humorous again. The phenomenon of dank memes sprouted a subculture called the "meme market", satirising Wall Street and applying the associated jargon (such as "stocks") to internet memes. Originally started on Reddit as /r/MemeEconomy, users jokingly "buy" or "sell" shares in a meme reflecting opinion on its potential popularity. "Deep-fried" memes refer to those that have been distorted and run through several filters and/or layers of lossy compression . An example of these
3250-416: The producer themselves; for instance, the film Snakes on a Plane became a cult classic after creation of the website SnakesOnABlog.com by law student Brian Finkelstein. Use of memes by brands, while often advantageous, has been subject to criticism for seemingly forced, unoriginal, or unfunny usage of memes, which can negatively impact a brand's image. For example, the fast food company Wendy's began
3315-462: The public due to big political parties staying in the limelight. The sniper is convinced, and the entire state believes that LKG will bring some good to the state, unlike other politicians. However, Sara smiles upon seeing LKG; he is just becoming a corrupt politician through his speech trying to woo public which was her strategy as well to win the hearts of people. Also, LKG silently reveals that he never intends to bring Bojappan out of prison. The film
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#17327662195773380-476: The release of YouTube in 2005, video-based memes such as Rickrolling and viral videos such as " Gangnam Style " and the Harlem shake emerged. The appearance of social media websites such as Twitter , Facebook , and Instagram provided additional mediums for the spread of memes, and the creation of meme-generating websites made their production more accessible. "Dank memes" are a more recent phenomenon,
3445-527: The release was postponed. The theatrical rights of the film in Tamil version we're sold to Sakthi Film Factory, and the theatrical rights in Karnataka to ANK Films. The film was released on 22 February 2019. The announcement of the film was done on Star Sports Tamil after a huge buzz created by the team painting street walls stating Balaji's entry into politics. The release date was officially announced by
3510-544: The role because of his friendship with Ganesh. One song sequence was directed by Vignesh Shivan ; it was shot in various locations in New Delhi , that includes India Gate , Janpath , Rajpath , the Parliament House , and Chandni Chowk . According to Priya Anand, these scenes were difficult to film due to the "early morning to late night" shoots in crowded places. The soundtrack and background score for LKG
3575-480: The speed of dissemination of evidence-based health practices. A study by Reynolds and Boyd found the majority of participants (who were healthcare staff) felt that memes could be an appropriate means of improving healthcare worker's knowledge of and compliance with infection prevention practices. Internet memes were also used in Nigeria to raise awareness of the COVID-19 pandemic , with healthcare professionals using
3640-406: The state ministers, ruling party bigwigs, and MLAs do not work for LKG as they want to remain neutral to join the victor of the by-election. LKG devises a strategy to tarnish Ramraj's image with the help of meme creators and his sidekicks. He spreads rumours that Ramraj is actually a woman disguised as man, which results in the public trolling Ramraj on social media. Ramraj is also insulted when he
3705-524: The team on 11 February 2019 from the #BlueRoom at Twitter Headquarters, Mumbai . LKG is the first South Indian film to use the Twitter #BlueRoom for announcement of release date of film. The satellite rights of the film were sold to Sun TV . The film had its television premiere on 14 April 2019, with the Tamil New Year Day . While M. Suganth of The Times of India said that this is
3770-410: The third factor. With regards to the fourth factor, most memes are non-commercial in nature and thus would not have adverse effects on the potential market for the copyright work. Given these factors, and the overall reliance of memes on appropriation of other sources, it has been argued that they deserve protection from copyright infringement suits. Some individuals who are subjects of memes (and thus
3835-701: The use of memes. For example, Ted Cruz 's 2016 Republican presidential bid was damaged by Internet memes that jokingly speculated he was the Zodiac Killer . Research has shown the use of memes during elections has a role to play in informing the public on political themes. A study explored this in relation to the 2017 UK general election , and concluded that memes acted as a widely shared conduit for basic political information to audiences who would usually not seek it out. They also found that memes may play some role in increasing voter turnout . Some political campaigns have begun to explicitly taken advantage of
3900-465: The widespread use of memes, particularly by the marketing and advertising industries, has led to a decline in their original cultural value. Once considered valuable cultural artifacts meant to endure, memes now often convey trivial rather than meaningful ideas. The word meme was coined by Richard Dawkins in his 1976 book The Selfish Gene as an attempt to explain how aspects of culture replicate, mutate, and evolve ( memetics ). Emoticons are among
3965-457: Was "another big advantage". Baradwaj Rangan wrote for Film Companion , " LKG , [...] is more about the writing (credited to "RJ Balaji & friends") — and like many films of this genre, it works when the gags work, and falls flat when they don't" and that Balaji "does well in this tailormade part". Internet meme An Internet meme , or meme (/miːm/, "MEEM"), is a cultural item (such as an idea, behavior, or style) that spreads across
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#17327662195774030-501: Was officially announced in May 2018. It is the directorial debut of K. R. Prabhu, who previously worked as an associate of Prabhu Deva . K. R. Prabhu was the son of producer K. Rajan , and had previously worked as an actor in films including Aval Paavam (2000). It was produced by Ishari K. Ganesh of Vels Film International. The filmmakers hired RJ Balaji to play the lead role as Lalgudi Karuppiah Gandhi, making his first leading role in
4095-515: Was released on 10 February 2019. The lyrical video of "Tamizh Anthem" was released by Anirudh Ravichander on 20 February 2019, coinciding with World Mother Tongue Day. The song features elements of " Tamil Thai Valthu " written by Manonmaniam Sundaram Pillai , which was separately included in the soundtrack album. The film was earlier scheduled to release in January 2019 during the Pongal festival, clashing with Petta and Viswasam ; however
4160-552: Was released on 22 February 2019 to positive reviews and performed well at the box office. Lalgudi Karupaiah Gandhi (LKG) is a councillor from Lalgudi ward in Trichy rural and belongs to the ruling party. LKG aspires to quickly achieve big in politics, unlike his father Azhagu Meiyappan, who neither achieved fame as a politician nor made money. The incumbent Chief Minister (CM) of Tamil Nadu and ruling party chief, Avudaiyappan Mudhaliar, falls ill and gets hospitalised, while Bojappan,
4225-467: Was wearing a bulletproof vest , having anticipated such an incident. The sniper is a youngster who aspires to some new-gen honest politicians. LKG tells the media that he is in to bring a change and that he has transferred the corruption cases against Bojappan to the CBI . He also says there are numerous educated youngsters contesting in elections independently with a hope of bringing a change but go unnoticed by
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