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78-760: The Lockyer Creek is a creek in South East Queensland , Australia . A tributary of the Brisbane River , the creek is a major drainage system in the Lockyer Valley . Rising on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range , the creek flows generally north-easterly for more than 100 kilometres (62 mi) before it reaches its confluence with the Brisbane River north-northeast of Lowood , and downstream from

156-403: A bed armor layer, and other depositional features, plus well defined banks due to bank erosion, are good identifiers when assessing for perennial streams. Particle size will help identify a perennial stream. Perennial streams cut through the soil profile, which removes fine and small particles. By assessing areas for relatively coarse material left behind in the stream bed and finer sediments along

234-533: A catchment of about 2,000 square kilometres (770 sq mi). During the floods the creek reached 18 metres (59 ft) deep, a record that was higher than what was experienced during the 1974 Brisbane flood . The Bureau of Meteorology recorded a rise of 8 metres (26 ft) in 23 minutes during the flash flood but initially dismissed the reading as a fault. It was estimated that 4,000  tonnes or 4,000 megalitres (1,100 × 10 ^  US gal) of water per second flowed through Lockyer Creek, leading to

312-658: A continuous aquatic habitat until they reach maturity. Crayfish and other crustaceans , snails , bivalves (clams), and aquatic worms also indicate the stream is perennial. These require a persistent aquatic environment for survival. Fish and amphibians are secondary indicators in assessment of a perennial stream because some fish and amphibians can inhabit areas without persistent water regime. When assessing for fish, all available habitat should be assessed: pools, riffles, root clumps and other obstructions. Fish will seek cover if alerted to human presence, but should be easily observed in perennial streams. Amphibians also indicate

390-470: A continuous or intermittent stream. The same non-perennial channel might change characteristics from intermittent to ephemeral over its course. Washes can fill up quickly during rains, and there may be a sudden torrent of water after a thunderstorm begins upstream, such as during monsoonal conditions. In the United States, an intermittent or seasonal stream is one that only flows for part of

468-615: A creek, especially one that is fed by a spring or seep . It is usually small and easily forded . A brook is characterised by its shallowness. A creek ( / k r iː k / ) or crick ( / k r ɪ k / ): In hydrography, gut is a small creek; this is seen in proper names in eastern North America from the Mid-Atlantic states (for instance, The Gut in Pennsylvania, Ash Gut in Delaware, and other streams) down into

546-474: A deck of iron trusses, is possibly as spectacular. This bridge is no longer used by rail traffic. Lockyer Creek has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Stream The flow of a stream is controlled by three inputs – surface runoff (from precipitation or meltwater ), daylighted subterranean water , and surfaced groundwater ( spring water ). The surface and subterranean water are highly variable between periods of rainfall. Groundwater, on

624-422: A drainage network. Although each tributary has its own source, international practice is to take the source farthest from the river mouth as the source of the entire river system, from which the most extended length of the river measured as the starting point is taken as the length of the whole river system, and that furthest starting point is conventionally taken as the source of the whole river system. For example,

702-540: A larger stream. Common terms for individual river distributaries in English-speaking countries are arm and channel . There are a number of regional names for a stream. A stream's source depends on the surrounding landscape and its function within larger river networks. While perennial and intermittent streams are typically supplied by smaller upstream waters and groundwater, headwater and ephemeral streams often derive most of their water from precipitation in

780-461: A meeting to establish a school. In June 1875 tenders were called for the construction of a school building and a teacher's residence. Gatton State School opened on 31 January 1876. In October 1885, local Anglicans proposed to build a church. In April 1886, the tender of Mr J. Olsen to construct the church for £260 was accepted. St Mary's Catholic Church was built in 1889 under Father Daniel Walsh, replacing an earlier church. On 29 September 1889,

858-559: A number of war memorials : The Lights on the Hill Truck and Coach Drivers' Memorial is located at Lake Apex Park on the outskirts of Gatton. Gatton Historical Village is on Freemans Road ( 27°34′21″S 152°15′59″E  /  27.5724°S 152.2665°E  / -27.5724; 152.2665  ( Gatton Historical Village ) ). It is operated by the Gatton & District Historical Society. Queensland Transport Museum

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936-404: A path into mines or other underground chambers. According to official U.S. definitions, the channels of intermittent streams are well-defined, as opposed to ephemeral streams, which may or may not have a defined channel, and rely mainly on storm runoff, as their aquatic bed is above the water table . An ephemeral stream does not have the biological, hydrological, and physical characteristics of

1014-412: A perennial stream and include tadpoles , frogs , salamanders , and newts . These amphibians can be found in stream channels, along stream banks, and even under rocks. Frogs and tadpoles usually inhabit shallow and slow moving waters near the sides of stream banks. Frogs will typically jump into water when alerted to human presence. Well defined river beds composed of riffles, pools, runs, gravel bars,

1092-483: A perennial stream, fine sediment may cling to riparian plant stems and tree trunks. Organic debris drift lines or piles may be found within the active overbank area after recent high flow. Streams, headwaters, and streams flowing only part of the year provide many benefits upstream and downstream. They defend against floods, remove contaminants, recycle nutrients that are potentially dangerous as well as provide food and habitat for many forms of fish. Such streams also play

1170-531: A population of 7,851 people. Prior to European settlement, the area was occupied by members of the Yuggera Aboriginal language group. Jagara is one of the Aboriginal languages of South-East Queensland. There is some uncertainty over the status of Jagara as a language, dialect, or a group or clan within the local government boundaries of Ipswich City Council , Lockyer Regional Council and

1248-512: A public library in the Lockyer Valley Cultural Centre at 34 Lake Apex Drive ( 27°34′11″S 152°16′11″E  /  27.5696°S 152.2698°E  / -27.5696; 152.2698  ( Gatton Library ) ). Peace Lutheran Church is at 85 Spencer Street ( 27°33′30″S 152°16′29″E  /  27.5582°S 152.2747°E  / -27.5582; 152.2747  ( Peace Lutheran Church ) ). It

1326-406: A slow-moving wetted channel or stagnant area. This is evidence that iron-oxidizing bacteria are present, indicating persistent expression of oxygen-depleted ground water. In a forested area, leaf and needle litter in the stream channel is an additional indicator. Accumulation of leaf litter does not occur in perennial streams since such material is continuously flushed. In the adjacent overbank of

1404-486: A stream as intermittent, "showing interruptions in time or space". Generally, streams that flow only during and immediately after precipitation are termed ephemeral . There is no clear demarcation between surface runoff and an ephemeral stream, and some ephemeral streams can be classed as intermittent—flow all but disappearing in the normal course of seasons but ample flow (backups) restoring stream presence — such circumstances are documented when stream beds have opened up

1482-424: A stream is a critical factor in determining its character and is entirely determined by its base level of erosion. The base level of erosion is the point at which the stream either enters the ocean, a lake or pond, or enters a stretch in which it has a much lower gradient, and may be specifically applied to any particular stretch of a stream. In geological terms, the stream will erode down through its bed to achieve

1560-524: A thin layer called sheet wash, combined with a network of tiny rills, which together form the sheet runoff; when this water is focused in a channel, a stream is born. Some rivers and streams may begin from lakes or ponds. Freshwater's primary sources are precipitation and mountain snowmelt. However, rivers typically originate in the highlands, and are slowly created by the erosion of mountain snowmelt into lakes or rivers. Rivers usually flow from their source topographically, and erode as they pass until they reach

1638-467: A useful measure for flood proofing Brisbane. The Lockyer Creek Bridge at Bageli Park, designed by William Pagan , is one of the largest of its type in Queensland and one of Australia's first reinforced concrete arch rail bridges. The bridge, built in 1910/1911, features three spans, each supported by two arches, and appeared on a stamp that was part of a series featuring landmark bridges. A model of

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1716-627: A vital role in preserving our drinking water quality and supply, ensuring a steady flow of water to surface waters and helping to restore deep aquifers. The extent of land basin drained by a stream is termed its drainage basin (also known in North America as the watershed and, in British English, as a catchment). A basin may also be composed of smaller basins. For instance, the Continental Divide in North America divides

1794-602: Is 3,032 km (1,171 sq mi), and covers nearly one quarter of the total catchment area of the Brisbane River. O'Reillys Weir is located about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) upstream from the creek's confluence with the Brisbane River. Approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) upstream from the junction of Lockyer Creek and the Brisbane River is the Wivenhoe Dam. Tributaries flowing into Lockyer Creek include Flagstone Creek, Sandy Creek, Alice Creek, Laidley Creek, Tenthill Creek, Murphys Creek and Ma Ma Creek. Lower areas of

1872-435: Is a stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel, and the phenomenon is known as river bifurcation . Distributaries are common features of river deltas , and are often found where a valleyed stream enters wide flatlands or approaches the coastal plains around a lake or an ocean . They can also occur inland, on alluvial fans , or where a tributary stream bifurcates as it nears its confluence with

1950-572: Is adjacent to the Peace Lutheran Primary School. Gatton Church of Christ is at 39 Hickey Street ( 27°33′20″S 152°16′53″E  /  27.5555°S 152.2815°E  / -27.5555; 152.2815  ( Gatton Church of Christ ) ). Gatton Baptist Church is at 12 William Street ( 27°33′26″S 152°16′48″E  /  27.5573°S 152.2799°E  / -27.5573; 152.2799  ( Gatton Baptist Church ) ). St Alban's Anglican Church

2028-428: Is also significant beef and dairy cattle farming, (Stanbroke Beef operates its abattoir at nearby Grantham ) along with a growing equine industry, and the town is also a noted producer of fodder crops, particularly prime lucerne hay. The area has a humid subtropical climate , with hot, humid summers and mild, sunny winters, albeit with cool nights. Heavy summer rain and warm conditions have provided ideal conditions for

2106-471: Is at 104 Spencer Street (corner of Railway Avenue, 27°33′33″S 152°16′35″E  /  27.5591°S 152.2765°E  / -27.5591; 152.2765  ( St Alban's Anglican Church ) ). St Mary's Catholic Church is at 15 Maitland Street (corner of Spencer Street, 27°33′26″S 152°16′17″E  /  27.5572°S 152.2715°E  / -27.5572; 152.2715  ( St Mary's Catholic Church ) ). Lockyer Uniting Church

2184-553: Is at 25 Maitland Street (corner of Spencer Street, 27°33′28″S 152°16′17″E  /  27.5578°S 152.2714°E  / -27.5578; 152.2714  ( Lockyer Uniting Church ) ). The Lockyer Valley Corps of the Salvation Army is at 64 Old College Road (corner of Ford Street, 27°33′14″S 152°17′03″E  /  27.5540°S 152.2842°E  / -27.5540; 152.2842  ( Lockyer Valley Corps, Salvation Army ) ). The town has

2262-425: Is sometimes termed a "young" or "immature" stream, and the later state a "mature" or "old" stream. Meanders are looping changes of direction of a stream caused by the erosion and deposition of bank materials. These are typically serpentine in form. Typically, over time the meanders gradually migrate downstream. If some resistant material slows or stops the downstream movement of a meander, a stream may erode through

2340-456: Is usually called a creek and marked on topographic maps with a solid blue line. There are five generic classifications: "Macroinvertebrate" refers to easily seen invertebrates , larger than 0.5 mm, found in stream and river bottoms. Macroinvertebrates are larval stages of most aquatic insects and their presence is a good indicator that the stream is perennial. Larvae of caddisflies , mayflies , stoneflies , and damselflies require

2418-572: The 2016 census , the locality of Gatton had a population of 7,101 people. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 3.3% of the population. 68.3% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were Taiwan 4.4%, India 2.2% and South Korea 1.8%. 72.6% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 5.3%, Arabic 2.0% and Korean 1.7%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 22.6%, Catholic 20.7% and Anglican 11.7%. In

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2496-476: The 2021 census , the locality of Gatton had a population of 7,851 people. Gatton has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: As part of the ‘Salad Bowl’ of the Lockyer Valley, the area is primarily agricultural , with vegetables making up the majority of crops. Fruit was grown extensively in the area until the 1990s, when economic conditions changed and many of the orchards were removed. There

2574-518: The Gatton murders , and remains unsolved. On 20 December 1902, auctioneer Elias Harding offered 36 town lots ranging in size between 0.25 to 0.5 acres (0.10 to 0.20 ha) in the Gaul Estate, being based around Gaul Street ( 27°33′16″S 152°16′49″E  /  27.5544°S 152.2803°E  / -27.5544; 152.2803  ( Gaul Estate ) ) and bounded by Old College Road to

2652-548: The Somerset Regional Council . The Gatton area was explored by Major Edmund Lockyer in 1825. A settlement known as Gatton was gazetted in 1855. The name Gatton is taken from the village of Gatton in Surrey , England. The post office opened 1 January 1866, with Frederick Lloyd, a dairyman, as the first postmaster. The small village did not experience significant growth until the mid-1870s, after

2730-691: The Tombigbee River basin. Continuing in this vein, a component of the Mississippi River basin is the Ohio River basin, which in turn includes the Kentucky River basin, and so forth. Stream crossings are where streams are crossed by roads , pipelines , railways , or any other thing which might restrict the flow of the stream in ordinary or flood conditions. Any structure over or in a stream which results in limitations on

2808-697: The Wivenhoe Dam . The creek is named after Edmund Lockyer . Draining parts of the western Scenic Rim , the creek's headwaters are in the Main Range National Park , a small sub-section of the Great Dividing Range. Its tributaries drain the slopes east of Toowoomba and areas to the north of Gatton . The total stream length of the Lockyer Creek network is 6,056 kilometres (3,763 mi). The total catchment area

2886-480: The velocity of the stream. A perennial stream is one which flows continuously all year. Some perennial streams may only have continuous flow in segments of its stream bed year round during years of normal rainfall. Blue-line streams are perennial streams and are marked on topographic maps with a solid blue line. The word "perennial" from the 1640s, meaning "evergreen," is established in Latin perennis, keeping

2964-704: The Caribbean (for instance, Guinea Gut , Fish Bay Gut , Cob Gut , Battery Gut and other rivers and streams in the United States Virgin Islands , in Jamaica (Sandy Gut, Bens Gut River, White Gut River), and in many streams and creeks of the Dutch Caribbean ). A river is a large natural stream that is much wider and deeper than a creek and not easily fordable, and may be a navigable waterway . The linear channel between

3042-590: The Fallen Soldiers Memorial Hall, until Saturday 13 November 1937 when their first church was dedicated by Reverend John Henry Latimer , President of the Queensland Baptist Union. The building was the top of the hill on Railway Terrace (now 75-77 Cochrane Street, 27°33′40″S 152°16′34″E  /  27.5611°S 152.2762°E  / -27.5611; 152.2762  ( Gatton Baptist Church (former) ) ). It

3120-768: The Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Lockyer , together with Alexander Brown Wilson , the architect from Brisbane representing the Queensland Congregational Union . In 1965 the front of the church was covered with bricks. In June 1977 many Congregational, Methodist and Presbyterian churches amalgamated to form the Uniting Church in Australia with the church in Gatton now known as Lockyer Uniting Church. In January 1875, Gatton residents convened

3198-598: The areas agricultural productivity, although droughts and heatwaves can be problematic at times. Temperatures in Gatton are among the warmest in south-east Queensland in summer due to its position away from the coast but at low elevation in the Brisbane Valley . Gatton State School is a government primary (Early Childhood to Year 6) co-ed school at 26 William Street ( 27°33′36″S 152°16′42″E  /  27.5601°S 152.2783°E  / -27.5601; 152.2783  ( Gatton State School ) ). In 2017,

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3276-533: The atmosphere either by evaporation from soil and water bodies, or by plant evapotranspiration. By infiltration some of the water sinks into the earth and becomes groundwater, much of which eventually enters streams. Most precipitated water is partially bottled up by evaporation or freezing in snow fields and glaciers. The majority of the water flows as a runoff from the ground; the proportion of this varies depending on several factors, such as climate, temperature, vegetation, types of rock, and relief. This runoff begins as

3354-525: The base level of erosion throughout its course. If this base level is low, then the stream will rapidly cut through underlying strata and have a steep gradient, and if the base level is relatively high, then the stream will form a flood plain and meander. Typically, streams are said to have a particular elevation profile , beginning with steep gradients, no flood plain, and little shifting of channels, eventually evolving into streams with low gradients, wide flood plains, and extensive meanders. The initial stage

3432-597: The base stage of erosion. The scientists have offered a way based on data to define the origin of the lake. A classified sample was the one measured by the Chinese researchers from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. As an essential symbol of the river formation environment, the river source needs an objective and straightforward and effective method of judging . A calculation model of river source catchment area based on critical support flow (CSD) proposed, and

3510-557: The bridge was featured in the April 2011 edition of the Australian Model Railway Magazine . The bridge is still used for very heavy Brisbane bound coal and grain traffic. Another single arch bridge on the same line, but over a side gully, with the same name, is closer to Gatton and was built in 1903. Further downstream in the district of Clarendon, an earlier railway structure (1885) built of timber piles with

3588-592: The catchment have been cleared for intensive agriculture. Upper parts of the catchment remain mostly forested, partially protected within Lockyer National Park formerly known as White Mountain State Forest. Bushfires , soil protection, water quality and flood management are the main resource management issues for the waterway. The creek is significantly degraded. The poor conditions have resulted in unstable stream banks and gully erosion from

3666-496: The church was officially opened and dedicated by the Archbishop of Brisbane Robert Dunne . The current church building was officially opened and blessed by Archbishop James Duhig on Sunday 25 August 1963. The Queensland Agricultural College opened and established an experimental farm in 1897 at Gatton. In December 1898, three local young people from nearby Blackfellow's Creek were murdered; this incident became known as

3744-527: The city, so they could understand farm life and see how produce is grown and harvested. In its early days the business also ran tours to Brisbane. Peace Lutheran Primary School opened on 27 January 1982. In 2009, Gatton Library relocated from the Civic Centre in Railway Street to the new Cultural Centre. In the 2006 census , the locality of Gatton had a population of 6,869 people. In

3822-707: The flow is reduced to a trickle or less. Typically torrents have Apennine rather than Alpine sources, and in the summer they are fed by little precipitation and no melting snow. In this case the maximum discharge will be during the spring and autumn. An intermittent stream can also be called a winterbourne in Britain, a wadi in the Arabic -speaking world or torrente or rambla (this last one from arabic origin) in Spain and Latin America. In Australia, an intermittent stream

3900-447: The form of rain and snow. Most of this precipitated water re-enters the atmosphere by evaporation from soil and water bodies, or by the evapotranspiration of plants. Some of the water proceeds to sink into the earth by infiltration and becomes groundwater, much of which eventually enters streams. Some precipitated water is temporarily locked up in snow fields and glaciers , to be released later by evaporation or melting. The rest of

3978-595: The former Methodist Church on the corner of Old College Road and Ford Street which was sold in January 1974 for $ 23,500. St Paul's Lutheran Church opened on the corner of Spencer Street and East Street on 2 February 1948. It was replaced by the Peace Lutheran Church which opened on 16 April 1978. St Mark's Lutheran Evangelican Church was dedicated by Pastor Carl Adolf Gerhard Dohler on Sunday 29 October 1950 with over 500 people in attendance. The building

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4056-407: The immediate vicinity of a stream is called a riparian zone . Given the status of the ongoing Holocene extinction , streams play an important corridor role in connecting fragmented habitats and thus in conserving biodiversity . The study of streams and waterways in general is known as surface hydrology and is a core element of environmental geography . A brook is a stream smaller than

4134-532: The lake has significant feeder rivers. The Kagera River, which flows into Lake Victoria near Bukoba's Tanzanian town , is the longest feeder, though sources do not agree on which is the Kagera's longest tributary and therefore the Nile's most remote source itself. To qualify as a stream, a body of water must be either recurring or perennial. Recurring (intermittent) streams have water in the channel for at least part of

4212-683: The mainly easterly-draining Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean basins from the largely westerly-flowing Pacific Ocean basin. The Atlantic Ocean basin, however, may be further subdivided into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico drainages. (This delineation is termed the Eastern Continental Divide .) Similarly, the Gulf of Mexico basin may be divided into the Mississippi River basin and several smaller basins, such as

4290-412: The meaning as "everlasting all year round," per "over" plus annus "year." This has been proved since the 1670s by the "living years" in the sense of botany. The metaphorical sense of "enduring, eternal" originates from 1750. They are related to "perennial." See biennial for shifts in vowels. Perennial streams have one or more of these characteristics: Absence of such characteristics supports classifying

4368-548: The movement of fish or other ecological elements may be an issue. Gatton, Queensland Download coordinates as: Gatton is a rural town and locality in the Lockyer Valley Region , Queensland , Australia. It is the administrative centre of the Lockyer Valley Region , situated in the Lockyer Valley of South East Queensland . In the 2021 census , the locality of Gatton had

4446-453: The neck between two legs of a meander to become temporarily straighter, leaving behind an arc-shaped body of water termed an oxbow lake or bayou . A flood may also cause a meander to be cut through in this way. The stream load is defined as the solid matter carried by a stream. Streams can carry sediment, or alluvium. The amount of load it can carry (capacity) as well as the largest object it can carry (competence) are both dependent on

4524-424: The north, Allan Street to the east, Hickey Street to the south and Park Lane to the west. Only 3 lots were sold. In 1913, following local agitation, Gatton State School was expanded to offer secondary schooling, which was known by a number of names over the years: Gatton Secondary Department, Lockyer State High School, Gatton Intermediate School, and Gatton State School Secondary Department. On 23 January 1961 it

4602-596: The origin of the Nile River is the confluence of the White Nile and the Blue Nile, but the source of the whole river system is in its upper reaches. If there is no specific designation, "length of the Nile" refers to the "river length of the Nile system", rather than to the length of the Nile river from the point where it is formed by a confluence of tributaries. The Nile's source is often cited as Lake Victoria, but

4680-430: The other hand, has a relatively constant input and is controlled more by long-term patterns of precipitation. The stream encompasses surface, subsurface and groundwater fluxes that respond to geological, geomorphological, hydrological and biotic controls. Streams are important as conduits in the water cycle , instruments in groundwater recharge , and corridors for fish and wildlife migration. The biological habitat in

4758-415: The parallel ridges or bars on a shoreline beach or river floodplain, or between a bar and the shore. Also called a swale . A tributary is a contributory stream to a larger stream, or a stream which does not reach a static body of water such as a lake , bay or ocean but joins another river (a parent river). Sometimes also called a branch or fork. A distributary , or a distributary channel ,

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4836-443: The railway to Grandchester attracted people to the area. Catholic priest Father Brun established St Mary's School in 1868. However, in 1892, the only teacher at the school Miss Mary O'Keeffe married James McKeen of Mount Sylvia, and the school closed. The Gatton Congregational Church opened on 26 November 1874. On 14 October 1901 the laying of the foundation blocks of present church was performed by William Drayton Armstrong ,

4914-469: The relationship between CSA and CSD with a minimum catchment area established. Using the model for comparison in two basins in Tibet (Helongqu and Niyang River White Water), the results show that the critical support flow (Qc) of the housing dragon song is 0.0028 m /s. At the same time, the white water curvature is 0.0085 m /s. Besides, the critical support flow can vary with hydrologic climate conditions, and

4992-465: The removal of riparian vegetation. There are a total of nine major private and public water storages within this drainage system, including Atkinson Dam , Bill Gunn Dam and Lake Clarendon . The Lockyer Creek valley had been one of the driest catchments in Queensland during the recent droughts in Australia . During the 2011 Queensland floods , on 10 and 11 January the creek experienced severe flash flooding from overnight and daytime heavy rain in

5070-458: The school had an enrolment of 1048 students with 95 teachers (91 full-time equivalent) and 51 non-teaching staff (37 full-time equivalent). It includes a special education program. Our Lady of Good Counsel School is a Catholic primary (Prep–6) co-ed school at 20 Maitland Street ( 27°33′30″S 152°16′18″E  /  27.5582°S 152.2716°E  / -27.5582; 152.2716  ( Our Lady of Good Counsel School ) ). In 2017,

5148-443: The school had an enrolment of 262 students with 22 teachers (20 full-time equivalent) and 15 non-teaching staff (10 full-time equivalent). The University of Queensland has a campus on the former Queensland Agricultural College site at Lawes , just to the east of the town of Gatton. This Gatton campus is now the base for much of the university's rural-focused research and teaching. The Lockyer Valley Regional Council operate

5226-406: The school had an enrolment of 316 students with 23 teachers (20 full-time equivalent) and 16 non-teaching staff (10 full-time equivalent). Peace Lutheran Primary School is a private primary (Prep–6) co-ed school at 36 East Street ( 27°33′27″S 152°16′27″E  /  27.5575°S 152.2743°E  / -27.5575; 152.2743  ( Peace Lutheran Primary School ) ). In 2017,

5304-459: The school had an enrolment of 506 students with 44 teachers (40 full-time equivalent) and 34 non-teaching staff (21 full-time equivalent). It includes a special education program. Lockyer District State High School is a government secondary (7–12) co-ed at 100 William Street ( 27°34′01″S 152°16′37″E  /  27.5669°S 152.2769°E  / -27.5669; 152.2769  ( Lockyer District State High School ) ). In 2017,

5382-425: The side of the stream or within the floodplain will be a good indicator of persistent water regime. A perennial stream can be identified 48 hours after a storm. Direct storm runoff usually has ceased at this point. If a stream is still flowing and contributing inflow is not observed above the channel, the observed water is likely baseflow. Another perennial stream indication is an abundance of red rust material in

5460-612: The use of descriptive phrases such as "wall of water", or even "inland tsunami". Water rose approximately 9 feet (2.7 m) above the 1893 flood level recorded at the Lockyer Creek Railway bridge (see below). Dozens of homes were destroyed and 19 people died in the floods. The town of Grantham was particularly hard hit. A report by GHD Group for the Brisbane City Council suggested that flood mitigating dams on Lockyer Creek and Bremer River could be

5538-655: The vital support flow Qc in wet areas (white water) is larger than in semi-arid regions (heap slot). The proposed critical support flow (CSD) concept and model method can be used to determine the hydrographic indicators of river sources in complex geographical areas, and it can also reflect the impact of hydrologic climate change on river recharge in different regions. The source of a river or stream (its point of origin) can consist of lakes, swamps, springs, or glaciers. A typical river has several tributaries; each of these may be made up of several other smaller tributaries, so that together this stream and all its tributaries are called

5616-512: The water flows off the land as runoff, the proportion of which varies according to many factors, such as wind, humidity, vegetation, rock types, and relief. This runoff starts as a thin film called sheet wash, combined with a network of tiny rills, together constituting sheet runoff; when this water is concentrated in a channel, a stream has its birth. Some creeks may start from ponds or lakes. The streams typically derive most of their water from rain and snow precipitation. Most of this water re-enters

5694-521: The year and is marked on topographic maps with a line of blue dashes and dots. A wash , desert wash, or arroyo is normally a dry streambed in the deserts of the American Southwest , which flows after sufficient rainfall. In Italy, an intermittent stream is termed a torrent ( Italian : torrente ). In full flood the stream may or may not be "torrential" in the dramatic sense of the word, but there will be one or more seasons in which

5772-402: The year. A stream of the first order is a stream which does not have any other recurring or perennial stream feeding into it. When two first-order streams come together, they form a second-order stream. When two second-order streams come together, they form a third-order stream. Streams of lower order joining a higher order stream do not change the order of the higher stream. The gradient of

5850-515: Was a timber building, 30 by 24 feet (9.1 by 7.3 m) and cost £300 with most of timber and labour being donated. On 12 March 2005 the congregation relocated to their new church at 12 William Street. The Gatton Corps of the Salvation Army was established in March 1938. The Gatton Circle Corps officially opened their church on the 23 February 1974 with Colonel R. Holz officiating; it was

5928-415: Was at the top of Railway Street, where it had "a fine view of the town". It was constructed of cypress pine chamferboard and was 57 by 25 feet (17.4 by 7.6 m). In 1967 the church was relocated to 5 Hunter Street, Brassall , where it was rededicated on 19 November 1967. The Gatton Star is a free, local, community newspaper which began publishing in 1956. The final print edition of The Gatton Star

6006-552: Was published on 24 June 2020, when it transitioned to a subscription-based online only model. Edna Linning and her husband started Gatton Bus Services in 1957 when they heard a high school was being built in town. Originally, the business only had one bus traveling to the college and back; since the mid-1980s, the business has 14 buses, eight of which are used for school children. The buses traveled to Flagstone Creek, Buaraba, Esk, and Forest Hill to pick-up students. The company also organised tours of Gatton for schoolchildren who lived in

6084-588: Was replaced by a completely separate school, Lockyer District State High School. Our Lady of Good Counsel School was opened on 14 January 1917 by the Sisters of Mercy , following a fund raising campaign by Roman Catholic Archbishop of Brisbane James Duhig . The Gatton Baptist Church was officially formed in October 1935, an offshoot of the Tenthill Baptist Church. The congregation met in

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