A film festival is an organized, extended presentation of films in one or more cinemas or screening venues, usually in a single city or region. Increasingly, film festivals show some films outdoors.
142-728: The Leeds International Film Festival (LIFF) is an annual film festival hosted in Leeds , West Yorkshire , England. It is the largest film festival in England outside of London . Founded in 1987, it is held in November in various venues throughout Leeds, including Hyde Park Picture House and Cottage Road Cinema . In 2022, the festival showed 140 films from 78 countries, shorts and features, both commercial and independent . LIFF features five programme sections: Official Selection, Retrospective, Cinema Versa, Fanomenon and Short Film City. LIFF
284-439: A magic lantern , Thomas projected a series of still images on a screen simultaneous to live performances. This would become a popular form of entertainment known as the illustrated song , the first step toward music video. With the arrival of " talkies " many musical short films were produced. Vitaphone shorts (produced by Warner Bros. ) featured many bands, vocalists, and dancers. Animation artist Max Fleischer introduced
426-882: A 1983 interview, Bowie spoke about the importance of using music videos in addressing social issues, "Let's try to use the video format as a platform for some kind of social observation, and not just waste it on trotting out and trying to enhance the public image of the singer involved". In 1983, one of the most successful, influential and iconic music videos of all time was released: the nearly 14-minute-long video for Michael Jackson 's song " Thriller ", directed by John Landis . The video set new standards for production, having cost US $ 800,000 to film. The video for "Thriller", along with earlier videos by Jackson for his songs " Billie Jean " and " Beat It ", were instrumental in getting music videos by African-American artists played on MTV. Prior to Jackson's success, videos by African-American artists were rarely played on MTV: according to MTV, this
568-579: A Sacred Deer and closed with Lynne Ramsay 's You Were Never Really Here . The 30th Leeds International Film Festival took place 3–17 November 2016. The festival opened with Jim Jarmusch 's drama Paterson , screened with the Spanish short film Timecode , and closed with the German comedy-drama Toni Erdmann . The winner of the Audience Award was the comedy Mindhorn , set and filmed on
710-542: A demand for frequent studio appearances by renowned British and US artists at short notice, as the charts came out on Tuesday mornings and the show was taped live on Thursdays. Coupled with the artists busy touring schedules and subsequent requests from broadcasters in Europe and America to showcase popular British acts, ultimately prompted the production of pre-recorded or filmed inserts referred to as "promotional videos." These videos served as substitutes for live performances by
852-424: A feature film, Lookout Sister . These films were, according to music historian Donald Clarke , the "ancestors" of music video. Musical films were another important precursor to a music video, and several well-known music videos have imitated the style of classic Hollywood musicals from the 1930s–50s. One of the best-known examples is Madonna's 1985 video for " Material Girl " (directed by Mary Lambert ) which
994-505: A friend of David and Angie Bowie ) shot in San Francisco outside the famous Mars Hotel , with Fox posing provocatively in the street while Bowie lounges against the wall, smoking. Country music also picked up on the trend of promotional film clips to publicize songs. Sam Lovullo, the producer of the television series Hee Haw , explained his show presented "what were, in reality, the first musical videos", while JMI Records made
1136-454: A great deal of their success to the skillful construction and seductive appeal of their videos. Two key innovations in the development of the modern music video were the development of relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use video recording and editing equipment, and the development of visual effects created with techniques such as image compositing . The advent of high-quality color videotape recorders and portable video cameras coincided with
1278-514: A new dynamic to the show, enhancing its visual appeal and diversifying the entertainment value for viewers. One notable example was the video for Roy Orbison 's song ' Oh Pretty Woman ', which Dorfman filmed and directed in the rooftop garden of London's Kensington-based Derry and Toms department store on 19 October 1964 as a visual accompaniment to the song. It subsequently aired on Top of the Pops on 22 October, 29, as well as 12 November and 19." By
1420-462: A new programme strand for films between film, TV and the interactive (gaming) entertainment industry. The 12th Leeds International Film Festival took place 2–17 October 1998. A Perfect Murder , directed by Andrew Davis , was screened at the Opening Gala. The 11th Leeds International Film Festival was held 16–31 October 1997. The festival's theme was Science Fiction and the film screened at
1562-419: A particular song. "The video material was a very workable production item for the show," he wrote. "It provided picture stories for songs. However, some of our guests felt the videos took attention away from their live performances, which they hoped would promote record sales. If they had a hit song, they didn't want to play it under comic barnyard footage." The concept's mixed reaction eventually spelled an end to
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#17327837828541704-486: A phenomenal success and win nine MTV Video Music Awards. In the same year, Kraftwerk released the song " Musique Non Stop ". The video featured 3D animations of the group. It was a collaboration with Rebecca Allen of the New York Institute of Technology and ran continuously on MTV for a while. In 1988, the show Yo! MTV Raps introduced; the show helped to bring hip hop music to a mass audience for
1846-582: A promotional music video with similarities to more abstract, modern videos seems to be the Czechoslovakian "Dáme si do bytu" ("We´ll put in the apartment") created and directed by Ladislav Rychman . In the late 1950s the Scopitone , a visual jukebox, was introduced in France and short films were produced by many French artists, such as Serge Gainsbourg , Françoise Hardy , Jacques Dutronc , and
1988-438: A range of old and new musical and film styles. Underground Voices, another Cinema Versa section, provides a platform for Human rights and activist films. Cinema Versa's Forum presents a series of special events. Fanomenon is the home of cult and fantasy cinema at LIFF. It presents new genre films , cult -subject documentaries, animated features, rarely-screened classics and movie marathons. Each year, beginning in 2001,
2130-474: A romantic mystery drama directed by Neil LaBute . The 15th Leeds International Film Festival was held 27 September to 12 October 2001 and opened with a screening of Crush , directed by John McKay . The 14th Leeds International Film festival took place 5–19 October 2000. Purely Belter , a British comedy drama film directed by Mark Herman was shown at the Opening Ceremony. In 2000, Fanomenon
2272-520: A screening of The Secret Garden , directed by Agnieszka Holland . The festival's main theme was The City in Cinema. A documentary strand was added to the programme and short films shown before nearly every feature. The 6th Leeds International Film Festival took place 16–31 October 1992. Peter Kosminski 's film adaptation Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights was the Opening Gala film. The festival's central themes were Music and Spain. The 5th edition of
2414-474: A screening of Ben Affleck 's historical thriller Argo for the opening gala, and Michael Haneke 's drama Amour as the closing gala. The Retrospective category was added to the festival's programme. Moreover, LIFF's Louis le Prince International Short Film Competition and the World Animation Award have been Academy Awards -qualifying since 2012. The festival's Audience Award for Best Film
2556-531: A series of promotional films directed by pop photographer Mick Rock , who worked extensively with Bowie in this period. Rock directed and edited four clips to promote four consecutive David Bowie singles—" John, I'm Only Dancing " (May 1972), " The Jean Genie " (November 1972), the December 1972 US re-release of " Space Oddity " and the 1973 release of the single " Life on Mars? " (lifted from Bowie's earlier album Hunky Dory ). The clip for "John, I'm Only Dancing"
2698-418: A series of sing-along short cartoons called Screen Songs , which invited audiences to sing along to popular songs by "following the bouncing ball", which is similar to a modern karaoke machine. Early cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on camera in live-action segments during the cartoons . John Logie Baird created Phonovision discs featuring Betty Bolton and other singers from
2840-538: A story of how drummer Keith Moon came to join the group: The other three band members are having tea inside what looks like an abandoned hangar when suddenly a "bleeding box" arrives, out of which jumps a fast-running, time lapse, Moon that the other members subsequently try to get a hold of in a sped-up slapstick chasing sequence to wind him down. Pink Floyd produced promotional films for their songs, including " San Francisco: Film ", directed by Anthony Stern , " Scarecrow ", " Arnold Layne " and " Interstellar Overdrive ",
2982-514: A storyline or plot to the music video. Occasionally videos were made in a non-representational form, in which the musical artist was not shown. Because music videos are mainly intended to promote the artist, such videos are comparatively rare; three early 1980s examples are Bruce Springsteen 's " Atlantic City ", directed by Arnold Levine, David Mallet 's video for David Bowie and Queen 's " Under Pressure ", and Ian Emes ' video for Duran Duran 's " The Chauffeur ". One notable later example of
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#17327837828543124-409: A trend that had begun earlier with directors such as Lasse Hallström and David Fincher . Two of the videos directed by Romanek in 1995 are notable for being two of the three most expensive music videos of all time : Michael and Janet Jackson 's " Scream ", which allegedly cost $ 7 million to produce, and Madonna 's " Bedtime Story ", which cost a reported $ 5 million. From this, "Scream"
3266-498: A two-reel short film called St. Louis Blues featuring a dramatized performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period. Soundies , produced and released for the Panoram film jukebox, were musical films that often included short dance sequences, similar to later music videos. Musician Louis Jordan made short films for his songs, some of which were spliced together into
3408-488: Is Raindance Film Festival . The British Urban Film Festival (which specifically caters to Black and minority interests) was officially recognized in the 2020 New Year Honours list. A few film festivals have focused on highlighting specific issues, topics, or subjects. These festivals have included mainstream and independent films . Some examples include military films , health-related film festivals , and human rights film festivals . There are festivals, especially in
3550-611: Is ÉCU The European Independent Film Festival , which started in 2006 and takes place every spring in Paris, France. Edinburgh International Film Festival is the longest-running festival in Great Britain as well as the longest continually running film festival in the world. Australia's first and longest-running film festival is the Melbourne International Film Festival (1952), followed by
3692-596: Is North America’s longest-running competitive film festival. The 60th Chicago International Film Festival, scheduled during the month of October, will host over 40,000 attendees from around the world. The Festival's program, screening 175+ films from more than 50 countries, is presented in sections including the International Competition, New Directors Competition, Documentary, Black Perspectives, City & State, and Special Presentations. The Cleveland International Film Festival (CIFF), founded in 1977,
3834-791: Is a video that integrates a song or an album with imagery that is produced for promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings . These videos are typically shown on music television and on streaming video sites like YouTube , or more rarely shown theatrically. They can be commercially issued on home video, either as video albums or video singles. The format has been described by various terms including " illustrated song ", "filmed insert", "promotional (promo) film", "promotional clip", "promotional video", "song video", "song clip", "film clip", "video clip", or simply "video". While musical short films were popular as soon as recorded sound
3976-556: Is a popular international film festival based in Kolkata which showcases international cult films. YathaKatha International Film & Literature Festival (YKIFLF) is an annual film & literature festival in Mumbai showcasing literature collaboration in cinema via various constructive discussions and forums. 1st edition of the festival is being held from 25–28 November in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Music Video A music video
4118-1007: Is a qualifying film festival for the Academy Awards and the winning films in Short Film City's Louis Le Prince International Short Film Competition and World Animation Award may thus be eligible for the academy's Short Film Awards. The festival's British Short Film Competition is BAFTA qualifying. The festival is supported by Leeds City Council and the festival office is based in Leeds Town Hall , together with Leeds Young Film Festival (LYFF) (formerly Leeds Children & Young People's Film Festival (LCYPFF)). Leeds International Film Festival's programme has five categories: Official Selection, Retrospective, Cinema Versa, Fanomenon and Short Film City. Fanomenon and Short Film City host various short film competitions, some of which qualify their winners for major film awards such as
4260-643: Is accredited by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences , which makes all its jury-award-winning narrative short and animated short films eligible for an Academy Award. There are several significant film festivals held regularly in Africa. The Cairo International Film Festival in Cairo was established in 1976, the biannual Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou (FESPACO) in Burkina Faso
4402-919: Is held in the last week of each July in the two colonial cities of San Miguel de Allende and Guanajuato . Other Mexican festivals include the Guadalajara International Film Festival in Guadalajara , Oaxaca Film Fest , the Morelia International Film Festival in Morelia, Michoacan Mexico , and the Los Cabos International Film Festival founded by Scott Cross , Sean Cross , and Eduardo Sanchez Navarro, in Los Cabos , Baja Sur , Mexico are considered
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4544-919: Is largest film festival in Ohio and among the longest-running in the United States. The film festival is held at the Playhouse Square , which are a series of elegant theaters built in the early 1920s, and the largest performing arts center in the United States outside of New York City (only Lincoln Center is larger). The Ottawa Canadian Film Festival , abbreviated OCanFilmFest, was co-founded by Ottawa-based filmmakers Jith Paul, Ed Kucerak, and Blair Campbell in 2015. It features films of various durations and genres from filmmakers across Canada. The Sundance Film Festival founded by Sterling Van Wagenen (then head of Wildwood, Robert Redford's company), John Earle, and Cirina Hampton Catania (both serving on
4686-624: Is named after Louis le Prince , a French born film pioneer living in Leeds who made the first ever moving pictures in 1888. The Louis le Prince Competition, as well as the World Animation award are qualifying competitions for the Academy Awards . The festival's British Short Film Competition is BAFTA qualifying. Additionally, Short Film City hosts the Yorkshire Short Film Competition and added three new competitions in 2014: The Leeds Screendance Competition,
4828-504: Is one of the largest film festivals in North America. It focuses on East Asian films, Canadian films, and nonfiction films. In 2016, there was an audience of 133,000 and 324 films. The Toronto International Film Festival , founded by Bill Marshall, Henk Van der Kolk, and Dusty Cohl, is one of North America's most important film festivals, and is the most widely attended. The Chicago International Film Festival , founded in 1964,
4970-661: Is the most expensive video to date. In the mid to late 1990s, Walter Stern directed " Firestarter " by The Prodigy , " Bitter Sweet Symphony " by The Verve , and " Teardrop " by Massive Attack . During this period, MTV launched channels around the world to show music videos produced in each local market: MTV Latin America in 1993, MTV India in 1996, and MTV Mandarin in 1997, among others. MTV2 , originally called "M2" and meant to show more alternative and older music videos, debuted in 1996. In 1999, Mariah Carey 's " Heartbreaker " (featuring guest rapper Jay-Z ) became one of
5112-610: Is the most popular festival in North America. Time wrote it had "grown from its place as the most influential fall film festival to the most influential film festival, period". The Seattle International Film Festival is credited as being the largest film festival in the United States, regularly showing over 400 films in a month across the city. The festivals in Berlin , Cairo , Cannes , Goa , Karlovy Vary , Locarno , Mar del Plata , Moscow , San Sebastián , Shanghai , Tallinn , Tokyo , Venice , and Warsaw are accredited by
5254-580: The Academy Awards . Moreover, the festival audience votes for their favourite feature film from all screenings. These votes determine the winner of the festival's Audience Award, as well as the extra screenings of Film Festival Favourites towards the end of the festival. The Official Selection hosts special previews and screenings of some of the most anticipated and acclaimed films of the year, as well as showcasing new discoveries from international independent filmmaking. Many of these have celebrated prizewinning successes at other major festivals such as Cannes or
5396-498: The Berlin International Film Festival . Every year, LIFF shows a broad array of retrospective programmes, giving audiences the opportunity to watch forgotten gems as well as celebrated classics on the big screen. Cinema Versa is dedicated to the documentary and inspired by the underground festival aesthetic, showcasing low budget, independent features. The programme's Music on Film section shows
5538-496: The FilmFour Short Film Audience Award. The 17th Leeds International Film Festival was held 2–12 October 2003 and opened with Stephen Fry 's Bright Young Things . The 16th Leeds International Film Festival took place 3–13 October 2002. The three opening films of the festival were Sweet Sixteen , directed by Ken Loach (Ken Loach), Lilo & Stitch by Dean DeBlois and Possession ,
5680-578: The International Federation of Film Producers Associations (FIAPF) in the category of competitive feature films. As a rule, for films to compete, they must first be released during the festivals and not in any other previous venue beforehand. Ann Arbor Film Festival started in 1963. It is the oldest continually operated experimental film festival in North America and has become one of the premier film festivals for independent and, primarily, experimental filmmakers to showcase work. In
5822-785: The Sydney Film Festival (1954). North America's first and longest-running short film festival is the Yorkton Film Festival , established in 1947. The first film festival in the United States was the Columbus International Film & Video Festival , also known as The Chris Awards , held in 1953. According to the Film Arts Foundation in San Francisco , " The Chris Awards (is) one of the most prestigious documentaries, educational, business and informational competitions in
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5964-401: The U.S. —so they could promote their record releases without having to make in-person appearances. Their first batch of promo films shot in late 1965 (including their then-current single, " Day Tripper "/" We Can Work It Out "), were fairly straightforward mimed-in-studio performance pieces (albeit sometimes in silly sets) and meant to blend in fairly seamlessly with television shows like Top of
6106-706: The Venice Film Festival (late summer to early autumn), the Cannes Film Festival (late spring to early summer), and the Berlin International Film Festival (late winter to early spring), founded in 1932, 1946, and 1951 respectively. The Edinburgh International Film Festival , founded in 1946, is the world's oldest continually running film festival. Many film festivals are dedicated exclusively to animation. Various regional festivals occur in various countries. The Austin Film Festival
6248-593: The most expensive ever made , costing over $ 2.5 million. From 1991 to 2001, Billboard had its own Music Video Awards. The website iFilm , which hosted short videos including music videos, launched in 1997. Napster , a peer-to-peer file sharing service which ran between 1999 and 2001, enabled users to share video files, including those for music videos. By the mid-2000s, MTV and many of its sister channels had largely abandoned showing music videos in favor of reality TV shows, which were more popular with its audiences, and which MTV had itself helped to pioneer with
6390-501: The "concert version" promo clip for "Have You Seen Your Mother, Baby". The group also filmed a color promo clip for the song " 2000 Light Years from Home " (from their album Their Satanic Majesties Request ) directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg . In 1968, Michael Lindsay-Hogg directed three clips for their single " Jumpin' Jack Flash " / "Child Of The Moon"—a color clip for "Child Of The Moon" and two different clips for "Jumpin' Jack Flash". In 1968, they collaborated with Jean-Luc Godard on
6532-494: The "video" concept on Hee Haw . Promotional films of country music songs, however, continued to be produced. In 1974, the band Sparks made a promotional video for their song " This Town Ain't Big Enough for Both of Us ". The Australian TV shows Countdown and Sounds , both of which premiered in 1974, followed in the steps of the UK's Top of the Pops and were significant in developing and popularizing what would later become
6674-613: The 1930s. The early animated films by Walt Disney , such as the Silly Symphonies shorts and especially Fantasia , which featured several interpretations of classical pieces, were built around music. The Warner Bros. cartoons, even today billed as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies , were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Bros. musical films . Live-action musical shorts, featuring such popular artists as Cab Calloway , were also distributed to theaters. Blues singer Bessie Smith appeared in
6816-638: The 1960s. In 1966, Peter Whitehead directed two promo clips for their single " Have You Seen Your Mother, Baby, Standing In The Shadow? " In 1967, Whitehead directed a plot clip colour promo clip for the Stones single " We Love You ", which first aired in August 1967. This clip featured sped-up footage of the group recording in the studio, intercut with a mock trial that clearly alludes to the drug prosecutions of Mick Jagger and Keith Richards underway at that time. Jagger's girlfriend Marianne Faithfull appears in
6958-456: The 1970s, Top of the Pops had an average weekly viewership of 12,500,000 people, had solidified its status as the premier international platform for artists launching new records at the time, had firmly established the significance of promotional film clips as a crucial tool for promoting the careers of emerging artists and generating buzz for new releases by established acts, and was significant in developing and popularizing what would later become
7100-427: The Audience Award for best Feature Film. Petter Næss 's Elling won the Audience Award for best Archive Film. The overall Audience Award went to Piers Sanderson for his film High on Hope . The Golden Owl Award for best independent filmmaking was won by Radu Muntean for Tuesday, After Christmas . The 23rd Leeds International Film Festival took place from 4–22 November 2009, showing a range of films from all over
7242-584: The Beatles and David Bowie with the Video Vanguard Award for their work in pioneering the music video. In 1985, MTV's Viacom (currently Paramount) launched the channel VH1 (then known as "VH-1: Video Hits One"), featuring softer music, and meant to cater to the slightly older baby-boomer demographic who were out-growing MTV. Internationally, MTV Europe was launched in 1987, and MTV Asia in 1991. Another important development in music videos
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#17327837828547384-442: The Beatles starred in their first feature film, A Hard Day's Night , directed by US filmmaker Richard Lester . Shot in black-and-white and presented as a mock documentary , it interspersed comedic and dialogue sequences with musical tones. The musical sequences furnished basic templates on which numerous subsequent music videos were modeled. It was the direct model for the successful US TV series The Monkees (1966–1968), which
7526-716: The Belgian Jacques Brel to accompany their songs. Its use spread to other countries, and similar machines such as the Cinebox in Italy and Color-sonic in the U.S. were patented. In 1961, for the Canadian-produced show Singalong Jubilee , Manny Pittson began pre-recording the music audio, went on-location and taped various visuals with the musicians lip-synching, then edited the audio and video together. Most music numbers were taped in-studio on stage, and
7668-689: The Cinema Versa Audience Award and Juan of the Dead won the Fanomenon Audience Award. Koen Mortier won the Golden Owl Award for best independent filmmaking for his thriller film 22nd of May . The 24th Leeds International Film Festival took place from 4–21 November 2010, with some tickets on sale from April. The festival opened with a screening of Tom Hooper 's The King's Speech , which also won
7810-466: The DIY ethos of the new wave era, enabling many pop acts to produce promotional videos quickly and cheaply, in comparison to the relatively high costs of using film. However, as the genre developed, music video directors increasingly turned to 35mm film as the preferred medium, while others mixed film and video. During the 1980s, music videos had become de rigueur for most recording artists. The phenomenon
7952-565: The Documentary Feature, the award went to Paul Sng 's Tish . The Leeds International Film Festival 2022 took place 3–17 November 2022. The opening film was the life affirming drama Living , and the closing film was Charlotte Wells ' film Aftersun . The winner of the Audience Award for Fiction Feature was The Blue Caftan and for the Documentary Feature was A Bunch of Amateurs . The Leeds International Film Festival 2021 took place 3–18 November 2021. The opening film
8094-831: The Dominican International Film Festival occurs annually in Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic . As well as the Havana Film Festival was founded in 1979 and is the oldest continuous annual film festival in the Caribbean. Its focus is on Latin American cinema . The Trinidad and Tobago Film Festival , founded in 2006, is dedicated to screening the newest films from the English-, Spanish, French- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean and
8236-719: The Government of Kerala held annually at Thiruvananthapuram is acknowledged as one of the leading cultural events in Indian. The International Documentary and Short Film Festival of Kerala (IDSFFK), hosted by the Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, is a major documentary and short film festival. The Mumbai Women's International Film Festival (MWIFF) is an annual film festival in Mumbai that features films made by women directors and technicians. The Calcutta International Cult Films Festival (CICFF)
8378-777: The Internet Accuracy Project, DJ /singer J. P. " The Big Bopper " Richardson was the first to coin the phrase "music video", in 1959. In his autobiography, Tony Bennett claims to have created "...the first music video" when he was filmed walking along the Serpentine in Hyde Park, London , with the resulting clip being set to his recording of the song " Stranger in Paradise ". The clip was sent to UK and US television stations and aired on shows including Dick Clark 's American Bandstand . The oldest example of
8520-466: The Isle of Man. The 29th Leeds International Film Festival took place 5–19 November 2015 and attracted more than 40,000 visitors. It opened with John Crowley 's period drama feature film Brooklyn , which for the first time in the history of LIFF was joined by an opening short film, Sanjay's Super Team , and closed with Todd Haynes 's historical drama Carol . The Audience Award for Best Feature Film
8662-611: The Leeds International Music Video Awards and the Leeds Short Film Audience Award. The Leeds International Film Festival 2023 took place 3–19 November 2023. The opening film was Yorgos Lanthimos ' absurdist black comedy Poor Things , and the closing film was Marija Kavtaradze 's romantic drama film Slow . The winner of the Audience Award for Fiction Feature was Mohamed Kordofani 's Goodbye Julia and for
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#17327837828548804-513: The Leeds International Film Festival was held 11–26 October 1991 and had BODY and MIND, as well as ‘MAN’ and MACHINE as its central themes. The film shown at the Opening Gala was Point Break , directed by Kathryn Bigelow . The 4th Leeds International Film Festival took place 12–27 October 1990. It opened with a screening of John Badham 's action comedy film Bird on a Wire . Following the political upheavals of
8946-439: The Opening Gala was Tim Hurran's Girl’s Night . The 10th anniversary edition of the Leeds International Film Festival was held 3–18 October 1996 and opened with a screening of Brassed Off , directed by Mark Herman . The festival had Conflicts of Interest as its central theme. The 9th Leeds International Film Festival took place 12–27 October 1995. It opened with a screening of Tony Scott 's Crimson Tide . Liz Rymer became
9088-450: The Pops and Hullabaloo . By the time the Beatles stopped touring in late 1966, their promotional films, like their recordings, had become highly sophisticated. In May 1966 they filmed two sets of colour promotional clips for their current single " Rain "/" Paperback Writer " all directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg , who went on to direct The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus and the Beatles' final film, Let It Be . It aired on Top of
9230-434: The Pops replaced it with footage of bikers and a dancer. The "Jean Genie" clip, produced for just US$ 350, was shot in one day and edited in less than two days. It intercuts footage of Bowie and band in concert with contrasting footage of the group in a photographic studio, wearing black stage outfits, and standing against a white background. It also includes location footage with Bowie and Cyrinda Foxe (a MainMan employee and
9372-405: The Pops on 2 June. The colour promotional clips for " Strawberry Fields Forever " and " Penny Lane ", made in early 1967 and directed by Peter Goldman, took the promotional film format to a new level. They used techniques borrowed from underground and avant-garde film, including reversed film and slow motion, dramatic lighting, unusual camera angles, and colour filtering added in post-production. At
9514-641: The Radio Star " (1979), which became the first music video played on MTV in 1981. In 1975, Queen employed Bruce Gowers to make a promotional video to show their new single " Bohemian Rhapsody " on the BBC music series Top of the Pops . According to rock historian Paul Fowles, the song is "widely credited as the first global hit single for which an accompanying video was central to the marketing strategy". Rolling Stone has said of "Bohemian Rhapsody": "Its influence cannot be overstated, practically inventing
9656-517: The Shadows won the festival's Audience Award for Best Film. The 27th festival took place 6–21 November 2013. The Opening Gala was two 3D screenings of Alfonso Cuarón 's film Gravity , two days ahead of its official release, and the festival closed with the romantic mashup film Final Cut: Ladies and Gentlemen . The Rocket won the Audience Award for Best Film. The 26th Leeds International Film Festival took place from 1–18 November 2012, with
9798-459: The U.S. video channel MTV launched, airing " Video Killed the Radio Star " by The Buggles and beginning an era of 24-hour-a-day music on television. With this new outlet for material, the music video would, by the mid-1980s, grow to play a central role in popular music marketing. Many important acts of this period, most notably Michael Jackson , Adam and the Ants , Duran Duran and Madonna , owed
9940-403: The U.S., Telluride Film Festival , Sundance Film Festival , Austin Film Festival , Austin 's South by Southwest , NYC 's Tribeca Festival , and Slamdance Film Festival are all considered significant festivals for independent film. The Zero Film Festival is significant as the first and only festival exclusive to self-financed filmmakers. The biggest independent film festival in the UK
10082-650: The U.S.; (it is) the oldest of its kind in North America and celebrating its 54th year". It was followed four years later by the San Francisco International Film Festival , held in March 1957, which emphasized feature-length dramatic films. The festival played a major role in introducing foreign films to American audiences. Films in the first year included Akira Kurosawa 's Throne of Blood and Satyajit Ray 's Pather Panchali . Today, thousands of film festivals take place around
10224-543: The US, that highlight and promote films made by or about various ethnic groups and nationalities or feature the cinema from a specific foreign country. These include African-Americans , Asian-Americans , Mexican-Americans , Arabs , Jews , Italian, German , French , Palestinian , and Native American . The Deauville American Film Festival in France is devoted to the cinema of the United States . LGBTQ+ and Women's film festivals are also popular. Tribeca Festival , one of
10366-695: The Utah Film Commission at the time) is a significant festival for independent film. The Woodstock Film Festival was launched in 2000 by filmmakers Meira Blaustein and Laurent Rejto to bring high-quality, independent films to the Hudson Valley region of New York . In 2010, Indiewire named the Woodstock Film Festival among the top 50 independent film festivals worldwide. The Regina International Film Festival and Awards (RIFFA) founded by John Thimothy, one of
10508-526: The artists and played a pivotal role in the development of the music video genre. During the early stages of the show's introduction in 1964, when alternative footage was unavailable, Dorfman and Stewart resorted to capturing footage of the enthusiastic audience dancing. However, a significant change took place in October 1964 when a decision was made to occasionally introduce a dance troupe with choreographed routines for specific tracks. This addition brought
10650-503: The best of young people's filmmaking across the city. The INDIs (Independent Directions) Young Filmmaker Award , a national competition to showcase the work of young filmmakers working without professional support or funding. The organisation works closely with a group of young consultants aged 14–19 called MediaFish, who help programme, design and deliver the festival, make films and shape the strategy of Leeds Young Film. Film festival Films may be of recent date and depending upon
10792-462: The border of Western Sahara , is notable as the only film festival in the world to take place in a refugee camp. The festival aims to provide cultural entertainment and educational opportunities to refugees and raise awareness of the plight of the Sahrawi people, who have been exiled from their native Western Sahara for more than three decades. The International Film Festival of India , organized by
10934-653: The cost of production could be lowered significantly, and internet technology allowed for the collaboration of film production. Film festivals have evolved significantly since the COVID-19 pandemic . Many festivals opted for virtual or hybrid festivals. The film industry, which was already in upheaval due to streaming options, has faced another major shift, and movies showcased at festivals have an even shorter runway to online launches. The "Big Five" film festivals are considered to be Venice , Cannes , Berlin , Toronto , and Sundance . The Toronto International Film Festival
11076-453: The end of 1967 the group released their third film, the one hour, made-for-television project Magical Mystery Tour ; it was written and directed by the group and first broadcast on the BBC on Boxing Day 1967. Although poorly received at the time for lacking a narrative structure, it showed the group to be adventurous music filmmakers in their own right. Concert films were being released in
11218-580: The festival has played host to the Night of the Dead , an all-night horror-thon. The most recent festival introduced a single day of back to back anime films at Leeds Town Hall , to be repeated in 2015. Fanomenon also hosts the Dead Short Competition for horror shorts. Short Film City hosts the festival's short film competitions and panoramas, as well as special events and exhibitions. The Louis le Prince International Short Film Competition
11360-419: The festival's focus, can include international and domestic releases. Some film festivals focus on a specific filmmaker, genre of film, such as horror films , or subject matter. Several film festivals focus solely on presenting short films of a defined maximum length. Film festivals are typically annual events. Some film historians, including Jerry Beck , do not consider film festivals as official releases of
11502-468: The festival's second edition was held 13–29 October 1988. The second Leeds International Film festival was much bigger than the first and coincided with the centenary of Louis le Prince 's first moving picture taking in 1888. The opening film of the festival was La Bohème , directed by Luigi Comencini . the first ever Leeds International Film Festival took place 7–19 March 1987, to great success. The British horror film Gothic , directed by Ken Russell
11644-583: The film Sympathy for the Devil , which mixed Godard's politics with documentary footage of the song's evolution during recording sessions. In 1966, Nancy Sinatra filmed a clip for her song " These Boots Are Made for Walkin' " . Roy Orbison appeared in promotional clips, such as his 1968 hit, "Walk On". During late 1972–73, Alice Cooper featured in a series of promotional films: " Elected ", " Hello Hooray ", "No More Mr. Nice Guy" and " Teenage Lament '74 ". Also during late 1972–73, David Bowie featured in
11786-517: The film. The oldest film festival in the world is the Venice Film Festival . The most prestigious film festivals in the world, known as the "Big Five", are (listed chronologically according to the date of foundation): Venice , Cannes , Berlin (the original Big Three ), Toronto , and Sundance . The Venice Film Festival in Italy began in 1932 and is the oldest film festival still running. Mainland Europe 's biggest independent film festival
11928-441: The first music video to have a production cost of over $ 500,000. The video was made in solarized color with stark black-and-white scenes and was filmed in different locations, including a padded room and a rocky shore. The video became one of the most iconic ever made at the time, and its complex nature is seen as significant in the evolution of the music video. The same year, New Zealander group Split Enz had major success with
12070-428: The first music videos were clips produced by ex-Monkee Michael Nesmith , who started making short musical films for Saturday Night Live . In 1981, he released Elephant Parts , the first winner of a Grammy for music video, directed by William Dear. Billboard credits the independently produced Video Concert Hall as being the first with nationwide video music programming on American television. In 1981,
12212-443: The first time. In November 1992, MTV began screening videos made by Chris Cunningham , Michel Gondry , Spike Jonze , Floria Sigismondi , Stéphane Sednaoui , Mark Romanek and Hype Williams who all got their start around this time; all brought a unique vision and style to the videos they directed. Some of these directors, including, Gondry, Jonze, Sigismondi, and F. Gary Gray , went on to direct feature films. This continued
12354-679: The government of India, was founded in 1952. Chennai International Film Festival has been organized since 2002 by the Indo Cine Appreciation Foundation (ICAF), the Government of Tamil Nadu, the South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce, and the Film Federation of India. The Jaipur International Film Festival , founded in 2009, is India's most prominent international film festival. The International Film Festival of Kerala organised by
12496-426: The growing trend, having achieved fame through the videos for two of their songs, " A Million Ways " in 2005 and " Here It Goes Again " in 2006, both of which first became well-known online (OK Go repeated the trick with another high-concept video in 2010, for their song " This Too Shall Pass "). At its launch, Apple 's iTunes Store provided a section of free music videos in high quality compression to be watched via
12638-522: The iTunes application. More recently the iTunes Store has begun selling music videos for use on Apple's iPod with video playback capability. The 2008 video for Weezer 's " Pork and Beans " also captured this trend, by including at least 20 YouTube celebrities ; the single became the most successful of Weezer's career, in chart performance. In 2007, the RIAA issued cease-and-desist letters to YouTube users to prevent single users from sharing videos, which are
12780-566: The largest international cinema event in coastal Southern California , attracting over 56,000 attendees to Orange County, CA . The Festival partners with over 40 non-profit organizations and pairs each with a film that aligns with their mission. The films featured include World, North America, U.S. and West Coast premieres as well as the International Spotlight Series which celebrates foreign language films. The Vancouver International Film Festival , founded in 1958,
12922-447: The latter directed by Peter Whitehead , who also made several pioneering clips for The Rolling Stones between 1966 and 1968. The Kinks made one of the first " plot " promotional clips for a song. For their single " Dead End Street " (1966) a miniature comic movie was made. The BBC reportedly refused to air the clip because it was considered to be in "poor taste". The Rolling Stones appeared in many promotional clips for their songs in
13064-460: The location shoot "videos" were to add variety. In 1964, Kenneth Anger 's experimental short film, Scorpio Rising used popular songs instead of dialogue. On 1 January 1964, Johnnie Stewart and Stanley Dorfman created the British chart music television series Top of the Pops , which they produced in tandem and directed in weekly rotation until the 1970s . The show's format created
13206-499: The mid-1960s, at least as early as 1964, with the T.A.M.I. Show . The monochrome 1965 clip for Bob Dylan 's " Subterranean Homesick Blues " filmed by D. A. Pennebaker was featured in Pennebaker's Dylan film documentary Dont Look Back . Eschewing any attempt to simulate performance or present a narrative, the clip shows Dylan standing in a city back alley, silently shuffling a series of large cue cards (bearing key words from
13348-583: The most important film festivals in Latin America. In 2015, Variety called the Los Cabos International Film Festival the "Cannes of Latin America". The Cartagena Film Festival , founded by Victor Nieto in 1960, is the oldest in Latin America . The Festival de Gramado (or Gramado Film Festival) Gramado , Brazil . The Lima Film Festival is the leading film festival in Peru and one of
13490-643: The most important in Latin America. It is focused on Latin-American cinema and is organized each year by the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru . The Valdivia International Film Festival is held annually in the city of Valdivia . It is arguably the most important film festival in Chile . There is also Filmambiente, held in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil, an international festival on environmental films and videos. For Spanish-speaking countries,
13632-528: The most prestigious in North America, ranks first worldwide in terms of audience attendance and 11th in terms of media attendance. The San Francisco International Film Festival , founded by Irving "Bud" Levin in 1957, is the oldest continuous annual film festival in the United States. It highlights current trends in international filmmaking and video production with an emphasis on work that has not yet secured U.S. distribution. The Newport Beach Film Festival , founded by Gregg Schwenk in 1999, has emerged as
13774-473: The music video genre across the globe. In 1964, The Moody Blues producer Alex Murray wanted to promote his version of " Go Now ". The short film clip he produced and directed to promote the single has a striking visual style that predates Queen's similar " Bohemian Rhapsody " video by a full decade . It also predates what the Beatles did with promotional films of their single " Paperback Writer " and B-Side " Rain ", both released in 1966. Also in 1964,
13916-512: The music video genre in Australia and other countries, and in establishing the importance of promotional film clips as a means of promoting both emerging acts and new releases by established acts. In early 1974, former radio DJ Graham Webb launched a weekly teen-oriented TV music show which screened on Sydney 's ATN-7 on Saturday mornings; this was renamed Sounds Unlimited in 1975 and later shortened simply to Sounds . In need of material for
14058-616: The music video seven [sic] years before MTV went on the air." At the end of the 1970s, the broadcasting of music videos on television became more and more regular, in several countries. The music videos were, for example, broadcast in weekly music programs or inserted into various programs. In the United States, for example, on terrestrial networks at the end of the 1970s, music videos were sometimes broadcast on music shows: The Midnight Special , Don Kirshner's Rock Concert , and occasionally on certain talk shows. A worldwide pioneer in programs that only transmitted rock and pop music video clips
14200-577: The new director of the festival, which had two major strands: the Western and Animation. The 8th edition of the Leeds International Film Festival was held 13–28 October 1994. At its Opening Gala, War of the Buttons , directed by John Rogers, was shown. Also, the festival was taken over by a new director, Kath Baker, and the new short film audience award was introduced. The 7th Leeds International Film Festival took place 14–29 October 1993 and opened with
14342-491: The non-representational style is Bill Konersman's innovative 1987 video for Prince 's " Sign o' the Times " – influenced by Dylan's "Subterranean Homesick Blues" clip, it featured only the text of the song's lyrics. In the early 1980s, music videos also began to discover political and social themes. Examples include the music videos for David Bowie's " China Girl " and " Let's Dance " (1983) which both discussed race issues. In
14484-561: The property of the music labels. After its merger with Google , YouTube assured the RIAA that they would find a way to pay royalties through a bulk agreement with the major record labels. This was complicated by the fact that not all labels share the same policy toward music videos: some welcome the development and upload music videos to various online outlets themselves, viewing music videos as free advertising for their artists, while other labels view music videos not as an advertisement, but as
14626-480: The recent months, Freedom and censorship were the central themes of the festival. The 3rd Leeds International Film Festival was held 13–28 October 1989 and was also a celebration of the 75th anniversary of the Hyde Park Picture House, Leeds . The festival opened with a screening of Lewis Gilbert 's Shirley Valentine . Following the great success of the first Leeds International Film Festival,
14768-555: The region's diaspora. It also seeks to facilitate the growth of Caribbean cinema by offering a wide-ranging industry programme and networking opportunities. The Lusca Fantastic Film Fest (formerly Puerto Rico Horror Film Fest) was also founded in 2006 and is the first and only international fantastic film festival in the Caribbean devoted to sci-fi , thriller , fantasy , dark humor , bizarre, horror , anime , adventure , virtual reality , and animation in short and feature films . The most important European film festivals are
14910-506: The release of "Thriller", stating that he was "floored" by how much MTV neglected black artists, bringing attention to how videos by the "few black artists that one does see" only appeared on MTV between 2:00 a.m. until 6:00 a.m. when nobody was watching. MTV also influences music video shows aired on other American TV channels, such as: Friday Night Videos , launched in 1983 on the terrestrial network NBC and MV3 launched in 1982. On March 5, 1983, Country Music Television (CMT),
15052-415: The same claim with Don Williams ' 1973 song " The Shelter of Your Eyes ". Country music historian Bob Millard wrote that JMI had pioneered the country music video concept by "producing a 3-minute film" to go along with Williams' song. Lovullo said his videos were conceptualized by having the show's staff go to nearby rural areas and film animals and farmers, before editing the footage to fit the storyline of
15194-402: The shot 50 seconds into the song, in which George Harrison 's left hand and the neck of his guitar are seen in sharp focus in the foreground while the completely out-of-focus figure of John Lennon sings in the background. In 1965, the Beatles started making promotional clips (then known as "filmed inserts") for distribution and broadcast on Top of the Pops and in different countries—primarily
15336-444: The show The Real World , which premiered in 1992. 2005 saw the launch of YouTube , which made the viewing of online video much faster and easier; Google Videos , Yahoo! Video , Facebook and Myspace 's video functionality use similar technology. Such websites had a profound effect on the viewing of music videos; some artists began to see success as a result of videos seen mostly or entirely online. The band OK Go capitalized on
15478-686: The show's minuscule budget, Countdown ' s original director Paul Drane was able to create several memorable music videos especially for the show, including the classic film-clips for the AC/DC hits " It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll) " and " Jailbreak ". After relocating to the UK in the mid-1970s, Mulcahy made successful promo films for several noted British pop acts—his early UK credits included XTC 's " Making Plans for Nigel " (1979) and his landmark video clip for The Buggles ' " Video Killed
15620-741: The show, Webb approached Seven newsroom staffer Russell Mulcahy and asked him to shoot film footage to accompany popular songs for which there were no purpose-made clips (e.g. Harry Nilsson 's " Everybody's Talkin "). Using this method, Webb and Mulcahy assembled a collection of about 25 clips for the show. The success of his early efforts encouraged Mulcahy to quit his TV job and become a full-time director, and he made clips for several popular Australian acts including Stylus , Marcia Hines , Hush and AC/DC . As it gained popularity, Countdown talent coordinator Ian "Molly" Meldrum and producer Michael Shrimpton quickly realized that "film clips" were becoming an important new commodity in music marketing. Despite
15762-513: The single " I Got You " and the album True Colours , and later that year they produced a complete set of promo clips for each song on the album (directed by their percussionist, Noel Crombie ) and to market these on videocassette. This was followed a year later by the video album, The Completion Backward Principle by The Tubes , directed by the group's keyboard player, Michael Cotten, which included two videos directed by Russell Mulcahy ("Talk to Ya Later" and "Don't Want to Wait Anymore"). Among
15904-435: The song an international hit. The song itself was a wry comment on the music-video phenomenon, sung from the point of view of an appliance deliveryman both drawn to and repelled by the outlandish images and personalities that appeared on MTV. In 1986, Peter Gabriel 's song " Sledgehammer " used special effects and animation techniques developed by British studio Aardman Animations . The video for "Sledgehammer" would go on to be
16046-419: The song's lyrics). Besides the Beatles, many other British artists made "filmed inserts" so they could be screened on TV when the bands were not available to appear live. The Who featured in several promotional clips, beginning with their 1965 clip for " I Can't Explain ". Their plot clip for " Happy Jack " (1966) shows the band acting like a gang of thieves. The promo film to " Call Me Lightning " (1968) tells
16188-489: The top leading international film festivals in western Canada ( Regina, Saskatchewan ) represented 35 countries in 2018 festival. RIFFA annual Award show and red carpet arrival event are getting noticed in the contemporary film and fashion industries in Western Canada . Toronto's Hot Docs , founded by filmmaker Paul Jay, is a North American documentary film festival. Toronto has the largest number of film festivals in
16330-402: The trial scenes and presents the "judge" (Richards) with what may be the infamous fur rug that had featured so prominently in the press reports of the drug bust at Richards' house in early 1967. When it is pulled back, it reveals an apparently naked Jagger with chains around his ankles. The clip concludes with scenes of the Stones in the studio intercut with footage that had previously been used in
16472-446: The variety for the audience. Many music videos interpret images and scenes from the song's lyrics , while others take a more thematic approach. Other music videos may not have any concept, being only a filmed version of the song's live concert performance. In 1894, sheet music publishers Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern hired electrician George Thomas and various artists to promote sales of their song " The Little Lost Child ". Using
16614-496: The world premiere of Fighting for a City , a documentary about the Leeds boxer Josh Warrington , and Boots Riley 's satire Sorry to Bother You ; the closing film was Hirokazu Kore-eda 's Palme d'Or-winning drama Shoplifters . The Retrospective strand ran under the title "Time Frames", featuring films that take place within 24 hours. The winner of the Audience Award for Fiction Feature was Capernaum and for Documentary Feature
16756-459: The world, ranging from cultural, independent, and historic films. The Seattle International Film Festival , which screens 270 features and approximately 150 short films, is the largest American film festival in terms of the number of feature productions. The Expresión en Corto International Film Festival is the largest competitive film festival in Mexico . It specializes in emerging talent and
16898-411: The world, including the opening film The Men Who Stare at Goats , directed by Grant Heslov . Miyazaki 's latest anime, Ponyo , won the Audience Award. The jury awarded the Golden Owl Award to La Pivellina , directed by Tizza Covi and Rainer Frimmel . At Section "Paras International Documentary Short" Documentary film " The Wooden Carpet " was won. The 22nd Leeds International Film Festival
17040-490: The world—from high-profile festivals such as Sundance Film Festival , Newport Beach Film Festival , and Slamdance Film Festival ( Park City, Utah ), to horror festivals such as Terror Film Festival ( Philadelphia ), and the Park City Film Music Festival , the first U.S. film festival dedicated to honoring music in film. Film Funding competitions such as Writers and Filmmakers were introduced when
17182-613: Was The Dawn Wall . The Leeds International Film Festival 2017 took place 1–16 November 2017. The official selection opened with Ruben Östlund 's Palme d'Or -winning The Square and closed with Martin McDonagh 's comedy-drama Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri , which also won the Audience Award. The Cinema Versa strand opened with Jane , about the primatologist Jane Goodall , and closed with Frederick Wiseman 's Ex Libris: The New York Public Library . The Fanomenon strand opened with Yorgos Lanthimos 's The Killing of
17324-479: Was Pablo Larrain 's film Spencer , and the closing film was Clio Barnard 's acclaimed new drama Ali & Ava . The winner for the Audience Award for Fiction Feature was La Traviata, My Brothers and I and for the Documentary Feature, Alien on Stage . The Leeds International Film Festival 2020 took place online, due to restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic . The Leeds International Film Festival 2019 took place 6–21 November 2019. The opening film
17466-441: Was because it initially conceived itself as a rock-music-oriented channel, although musician Rick James was outspoken in his criticism of the cable channel, claiming in 1983 that MTV's refusal to air the music video for his song " Super Freak " and clips by other African-American performers was "blatant racism". British rock singer David Bowie had also recently lashed out against MTV during an interview that he did with them prior to
17608-508: Was closely modelled on Jack Cole 's staging of " Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend " from the film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes . Several of Michael Jackson 's videos show the unmistakable influence of the dance sequences in classic Hollywood musicals, including the landmark " Thriller " and the Martin Scorsese -directed " Bad ", which was influenced by the stylized dance "fights" in the film version of West Side Story . According to
17750-582: Was established in 1969 and accepts competition-only films by African filmmakers and chiefly produced in Africa. The annual Durban International Film Festival in South Africa and Zanzibar International Film Festival in Tanzania have grown in importance for the film and entertainment industry, as they often screen the African premieres of many international films. The Nairobi Film Festival (NBO), which
17892-572: Was established in 2016 with a special focus on screening exceptional films from around the world that are rarely presented in Nairobi's mainstream cinema and spotlighting the best Kenyan films, has also been growing in popularity over the years and has improved the cinema-going culture in Kenya. The Sahara International Film Festival , held annually in the Sahrawi refugee camps in western Algeria near
18034-437: Was famously parodied by BBC television comedy program Not The Nine O'Clock News who produced a spoof music video "Nice Video, Shame About The Song" (the title was a spoof of a recent pop hit "Nice Legs, Shame About Her Face"). In this period, directors and the acts they worked with began to discover and expand the form and style of the genre, using more sophisticated effects in their videos, mixing film and video, and adding
18176-401: Was held 28 October to 7 November 2004 and opened with a screening of Finding Neverland , directed by Marc Forster . Several new competitions were launched in 2004. The Golden Owls Award for feature films was launched to support under-represented independent filmmaking. Additionally, animated short films could now enter their own World Animation Competition and all short films were eligible for
18318-443: Was held from 4–16 November 2008. It opened with a screening of Dominique Abel's and Fiona Gordon's comedy film Rumba . Short Film City was introduced as a distinct programme category in 2008. The 21st Leeds International Film Festival, held 7–18 November 2007, had five sections: Official Selection, Fanomenon, Cinema Versa, Nexus and a Kazuo Hara Retrospective. Persepolis , directed by Vincent Paronnaud and Marjane Satrapi
18460-471: Was introduced as an official programme category at LIFF. The 13th Leeds International Film Festival took place 7 to 23 October 1999 and opened with a screening of Fanny & Elvis by Kay Mellor . This year, the festival was taken over by a festival director, Chris Fell, who is the director of the festival to this day. Moreover, the Louis le Prince Short Film Competition was introduced, as well as ‘Evolution’,
18602-437: Was introduced to theatrical film screenings in the 1920s, the music video rose to prominence in the 1980s when American pay-TV channel MTV based its format around the medium. Music videos use a wide range of styles and contemporary video-making techniques, including animation , live-action , documentary , and non-narrative approaches such as abstract film . Combining these styles and techniques has become more popular due to
18744-732: Was launched, created and founded by Glenn D. Daniels and uplinked from the Video World Productions facility in Hendersonville, Tennessee . The MuchMusic video channel was launched in Canada in 1984. In 1984, MTV also launched the MTV Video Music Awards (later to be known as the VMAs), an annual awards event that would come to underscore MTV's importance in the music industry. The inaugural event rewarded
18886-476: Was made with a budget of just US$ 200 and filmed at the afternoon rehearsal for Bowie's Rainbow Theatre concert on August 19, 1972. It shows Bowie and band mimicking to the record intercut with footage of the Lindsay Kemp mime troupe, dancing on stage and behind a back-lit screen. The clip was turned down by the BBC, who reportedly found the homosexual overtones of the film distasteful; accordingly, Top of
19028-408: Was shown at the Opening Gala. The 20th edition of the Leeds International Film Festival was held 2–12 November 2006 and opened with a screening of the comedy-drama film Venus , directed by Roger Michell . The 19th Leeds International Film Festival took place 3–13 November 2005. At its Opening Gala, it showed Merry Christmas by Christian Carion . The 18th Leeds International Film Festival
19170-626: Was shown at the Opening Gala. Director and co-founder of the festival was Janice Campbell. Leeds Young Film Festival takes place every Easter and welcomes young people and their families to the largest film event of its kind in the North of England . Now in its 16th year, the festival features a programme of new and unseen cinema for young people from around the world, as well as classic screenings, moving-image related workshops and masterclasses. The festival also hosts two young filmmaking competitions: The Leeds Young Filmmakers' Golden Owl Awards celebrates
19312-541: Was similarly composed of film segments that were created to accompany various Monkees songs. The Beatles' second feature, Help! (1965), was a much more lavish affair, filmed in color in London and on international locations. The title track sequence, filmed in black-and-white, is arguably one of the prime archetypes of the modern performance-style music video, employing rhythmic cross-cutting, contrasting long shots and close-ups, and infrequent shots and camera angles, such as
19454-608: Was the Peruvian program Disco Club, hosted by the Peruvian musician Gerardo Manuel, which began its transmission on the Peruvian state channel (Channel 7 of Lima , Perú in free-to-air TV) in June 1978, three years before the appearance of MTV. Initially, it was only broadcast on Saturdays at 7 p.m. , but due to acceptance, in November of that same year it began to be broadcast every day. Video Concert Hall , created by Jerry Crowe and Charles Henderson and launched on November 1, 1979,
19596-520: Was the female-led drama Rocks , and the closing film was Taika Waititi's comedy Jojo Rabbit , which also won the Audience Award for fiction feature. The winner of the Audience Award for documentary feature was the Syrian film The Cave . The Retrospective strand ran under the title "Mother Cutter: Women Who Shaped Film", featuring films with female editors. The Leeds International Film Festival 2018 took place 1–15 November 2018. The opening films were
19738-426: Was the first nationwide video music programming on American cable television, predating MTV by almost two years. The USA Cable Network program Night Flight was one of the first American programs to showcase these videos as an art form. In 1980, the music video to David Bowie 's " Ashes to Ashes " became the most expensive ever made , having a production cost of $ 582,000 (equivalent to $ 2.15 million in 2023),
19880-446: Was the launch of The Chart Show on the UK's Channel 4 in 1986. This was a program that composed entirely of music videos (the only outlet many videos had on British TV at the time ), with no presenters. Instead, the videos were linked by then state of the art computer graphics . The show moved to ITV in 1989. The video for the 1985 Dire Straits song " Money for Nothing " made pioneering use of computer animation, and helped make
20022-588: Was won by The Hunt . The 25th edition of the Leeds International Film Festival took place from 3–20 November 2011, with a screening of Andrea Arnold 's Wuthering Heights for the Opening Gala, and Steve McQueen's Shame as the closing film. In 2011, the Audience Awards for best feature films were given to each programme category individually. The Artist won the Official Selection Audience Award, Sound It Out won
20164-613: Was won by the Hungarian black comedy Liza, the Fox-Fairy . The 28th Leeds International Film Festival took place 5–20 November. The festival opened with James Kent 's First World War drama Testament of Youth , which was filmed primarily in Yorkshire, and closed with the UK premiere of Alejandro González Iñárritu 's black comedy Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) . The New Zealand mockumentary What We Do in
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