Allen Lein (April 15, 1913, in New York City, New York – March 26, 2003, in Austin, Texas ) was an endocrinologist and medical school professor. He was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic year 1958–1959.
24-441: Lein may refer to: People with that name [ edit ] Allen Lein (1913–2003), American endocrinologist and medical school professor Anatoly Lein (1931–2018), Soviet-born American chess Grandmaster Lars O. Lein (1874–1958), American farmer and politician Simonetta Lein (born 1983), Italian-American columnist and model Other [ edit ] Lein (Neckar) ,
48-725: A class action lawsuit against the National Institutes of Health for poor representation of women on NIH grant review committees. The lawsuit was dropped after Robert Marston , then head of the NIH, met with representatives of the groups, including Schwartz, and committed to appointing more women. In the 1970s Schwartz co-founded the Women in Endocrinology society within the Endocrine Society after discovering
72-470: A female scientist to lend visibility to her experiences. At her first job at the University of Illinois, the chairman of the department asked her to pour the tea. She details her experiences like this, her successes and struggles all in the hopes of providing lessons and possibilities for a new generation of scientists and world citizens. Schwartz identified as lesbian . She discovered her sexuality as
96-408: A heart attack in 2003, he and his wife moved to Texas to be near their daughter. His doctoral students include Neena Schwartz . Upon his death he was survived by his widow, a daughter, a son, and three grandchildren. Neena Schwartz Neena Betty Schwartz (December 10, 1926 – April 15, 2018) was an American endocrinologist and William Deering Professor of Endocrinology Emerita in
120-475: A lack of women's representation on the society's key organizing committees. She later served as the group's president from 1990 to 1992. Schwartz was one of forty women in non-traditional professions interviewed by filmmaker and artist Michelle Citron for her 1983 film What You Take for Granted . As a 20th-century female scientist, Schwartz faced micro aggressions and macro aggressions. She wrote her 2010 memoir, A Lab of My Own . to detail her experience as
144-699: A paper entitled The Combining Power of Myoglobin for Alkyl Isocyanides and the Structure of the Myoglobin Molecule . For the academic year 1958–1959 Lein was a Guggenheim Fellow at the Laboratoire de Biochimie , Collège de France . In 1968 Lein became a professor of reproductive medicine at La Jolla 's University of California San Diego School of Medicine , where he retired as professor emeritus in 1980. During his tenure at UCSD he also served as associate dean for graduate studies, initiating
168-596: A river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, tributary of the Neckar Lein (Kocher) , a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, tributary of the Kocher Forbregd/Lein , two small adjoining villages in the municipality of Verdal in Trøndelag county, Norway Leiningen (software) , the command lein is used for this packaging software See also [ edit ] Col du Lein , a high mountain pass in
192-422: A teenager in the 1940s, but kept her sexuality private during her scientific career and publicly came out in her 2010 memoir, A Lab of My Own . She began writing the book "because no one had documented the feminist movement in science" and concluded as she wrote that revealing her sexuality was necessary to telling the story. She hopes that the book will "provide young gay scientists or other professionals with
216-514: A year later to take a position at Michael Reese Hospital . In 1961 she returned to the University of Illinois with tenure , as the only woman in her department. She moved to her alma mater Northwestern University in 1973, becoming the chair of the biology department of the medical school a year later and serving for four years. In 1974, Schwartz organized the founding of the Program for Reproductive Research at Northwestern, which would evolve into
240-521: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Allen Lein Lein was a student at the University of Chicago and then transferred to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he graduated with bachelor's degree and Ph.D. in zoology, with a focus on endocrinology. During WW II, he served from 1943 to 1946 as an aviation physiologist in
264-547: The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine . After graduation, Schwartz began her graduate studies at Northwestern University , where she received her Ph.D. in physiology in 1953 under the supervision of Allen Lein . She was the only female Ph.D. student in the department at the time. In 1954 Schwartz was hired as a physiology instructor at the University of Illinois College of Medicine , which she left
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#1732772084381288-403: The feedback mechanisms that govern hormonal signaling pathways in the female reproductive cycle , using rats as an animal model . Her work played a major role in the developing the modern understanding of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in endocrinology and was particularly significant in discovering the hormone inhibin . While investigating the secretion of gonadotropins by
312-420: The pituitary , Schwartz and her research group observed that then-dominant models of the reproductive cycle did not explain the observed changes in levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone . A hypothetical additional hormone given the name inhibin had been suggested years prior based on work with male animals, potentially being secreted from
336-587: The testes . Schwartz's key insight was to instead investigate secretion from the ovaries in female subjects. The existence of inhibin in ovarian follicular fluid was confirmed by the Schwartz group in collaboration with Cornelia Channing in the mid-1970s. Inhibin – which plays a role in both male and female hormonal signaling – was molecularly characterized in the mid-1980s as a protein dimer . Inhibin levels have since been identified as one of several biomarkers that can be used to screen for Down syndrome in
360-677: The 1970s Schwartz became involved in the feminist movement . She was a founding member of the Association for Women in Science (AWIS) – which she recalled originating after drinks at a Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology meeting with other women scientists frustrated with their situation. She served as founding co-president of AWIS along with Judith Pool , taking a primarily executive role while Pool worked in fundraising. Notable early achievements of AWIS, along with other women in science organizations, include initiating
384-572: The Alps in Switzerland Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Lein . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lein&oldid=949149656 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
408-625: The Center for Reproductive Science in 1987 with Schwartz as its director. Schwartz was among the very few women who served in the 1960s on American Physiological Society program committees, was the first woman president of the Society for the Study of Reproduction from 1977 to 1978, and was the second woman president of the Endocrine Society from 1982 to 1983. Schwartz retired from her academic positions in 1999. Schwartz's research group studied
432-493: The Department of Neurobiology at Northwestern University . She was best known for her work on female reproductive biology and the regulation of hormonal signaling pathways , particularly for the discovery of the signaling hormone inhibin . Schwartz was an active feminist advocate for women in science throughout her career; she was a founding member of the Association for Women in Science organization in 1971 and shared
456-554: The U.S. Army and left with the rank of captain. After teaching at the Ohio State University and Vanderbilt medical schools, he became in 1947 an assistant professor in the physiology department of Northwestern University Medical School . There he eventually became a full professor, director of student affairs, and assistant dean of graduate studies. For the academic year 1954–1955 he was on sabbatical at Caltech, where he worked with Linus Pauling and together they wrote
480-879: The board of the American Association for the Advancement of Science from 2000 to 2002 and received their Mentor Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2002. Neena has also received the following honors: Northwestern Alumni Excellence in Teaching Award, Women in Endocrinology Mentor of the Year Award, Distinguished Educator Award from the endocrine Society, Northwestern School of Medicine alumni Merit Award, and Pioneer in Reproductive Research Award. Page text. In
504-718: The fetus by testing a woman's blood. Schwartz received the Williams Distinguished Service Award from the Endocrine Society in 1985 and the Carl Hartman Research Award from the Society for the Study of Reproduction in 1992. Schwartz was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1986 and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992. She served on
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#1732772084381528-511: The founding presidency with Judith Pool . She also co-founded the Women in Endocrinology group under the auspices of the Endocrine Society , served terms as the president of the Endocrine Society and the Society for the Study of Reproduction , and was recognized for her exceptional mentorship of women scientists. In 2010, she published a memoir of her life in science, A Lab of My Own , in which she came out as lesbian . Schwartz
552-565: The school’s very successful and competitive joint M.D./Ph.D. program, at that time only the third such program on the west coast. He also served as associate dean for academic affairs, and as director of UCSD’s Health Professions Honors Program ... His 135-page book The Cycling Female: Her Menstrual Rhythm was published in 1979 by W. H. Freeman and Company . Lein stayed in La Jolla and remained active in teaching and research for many years after his formal retirement. Shortly before he died of
576-589: Was born in Baltimore, Maryland , in 1926. to a family of Russian descent who she has described as politically active. She received her bachelor's degree from Goucher College (a women's college at the time) in 1948. Despite originally being interested in English and journalism, she became interested in physiology during her undergraduate studies and spent summers conducting undergraduate research with Curt Richter at Johns Hopkins University , and separately at
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