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57-838: Administratively the range is divided between the Italian provinces of Cuneo , Imperia and Savona and the French department of Alpes-Maritimes (south-western slopes). The Ligurian Alps are drained by the Tanaro River , along with other tributaries of the Po River , on the Piedmontese side, and by several smaller rivers that flow directly to the Mediterranean Sea on the Ligurian and French side. The chief peak of

114-524: A region ( regione ). Since 2015, provinces have been classified as "institutional bodies of second level". There are currently 107 institutional bodies of second level in Italy, including 80 ordinary provinces, 2 autonomous provinces, 4 regional decentralization entities, 6 free municipal consortia, and 14 metropolitan cities , as well as the Aosta Valley region (which also exercises the powers of

171-710: A province). Italian provinces (with the exception of the current Sardinian provinces) correspond to the NUTS 3 regions . A province of the Italian Republic is composed of many municipalities ( comune ). Usually several provinces together form a region; the region of Aosta Valley is the sole exception—it is not subdivided into provinces, and provincial functions are exercised by the region. The three main functions devolved to provinces are: The number of provinces in Italy has been steadily growing in recent years, as many new ones are carved out of older ones. Usually,

228-627: A total of 110 provinces. In May 2012, a referendum abolished the eight provinces of Sardinia, and this suppression was to take effect on 1 March 2013. On 6 July 2012, new plans were published to reduce the number of provinces by around half. In January 2014 the Sardinian Regional Administrative Court declared "unconstitutional" the abolition of the Sardinian provinces. In 2014 the Delrio Law transformed

285-760: A total population of 524,826 (2010). There are 217 comuni (singular: comune ), in the province. The region is known for housing the Dolomites a mountainous Unesco World Heritage Site . The Marmolada , at 3,343 m (10,968 ft) above sea level, is the highest mountain in the Dolomites. The glacier on the Marmolada is also a landmark. Other notable mountains include the Kesselkogel Cermis , Crozzon di Brenta , Latemar , Piz Boè , and Vezzana . The highest mountain situated completely within

342-459: Is a dialect of Ladin or a separate language. Native speakers are mainly found in the Sole Valley and are estimated to be up to 15,000. Both idioms are alternatively considered as dialects within the range of Gallo-Romance languages . There is no official census to date that has Nones and Solandro as officially distinct languages. The total number of Ladin speakers in the census of 2001 exceeds

399-437: Is a piece of land, in which mountain passes and elevated plains join hilly valleys and plains and in which different people and cultures join. Its history, but also the relatively insular geographic position of some valleys led to an extraordinary richness in culture and many customs and traditions that have been kept alive up to the present. Also some minority groups and gastronomic peculiarities have been preserved till now. In

456-444: Is an autonomous province of Italy in the country's far north . Trentino and South Tyrol constitute the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol , an autonomous region under the constitution. The province is composed of 166 comuni ( sg. : comune ). Its capital is the city of Trento (Trent). The province covers an area of more than 6,000 km (2,300 sq mi), with a total population of 541,098 in 2019. Trentino

513-465: Is chaired by the President (Commissioner) who appoint others members, called assessori . Since 2015, the President (Commissioner) and other members of the council will not receive a salary. In each province, there is also a Prefect ( prefetto ), a representative of the central government who heads an agency called prefettura-ufficio territoriale del governo . The Questor ( questore )

570-703: Is crossed by the main road and rail connections between Italy and Germany . These include the Brenner A22 motorway and road which passes through the Etsch/Adige Valley. A regional project of switching much of the road traffic to railways is currently under consideration. The province has two more railways: the Valsugana Line, connecting Trento to Venice and the Trento-Malè-Marilleva railway between Trento and Malè . In 2019

627-454: Is renowned for its mountains , such as the Dolomites , which are part of the Alps . The province is generally known as "Trentino". The name derives from Trento, the capital city of the province. Originally, the term was used by the local population only to refer to the city and its immediate surroundings. Under former Austrian rule, which began in the 19th century (previously, Trentino

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684-445: Is the head of State Police ( Polizia di Stato ) in the province and his office is called questura . There is also a provincial police force depending from local government, called provincial police ( polizia provinciale ). The Aosta Valley region is not divided into provinces due to its size, but straight to the comune level. South Tyrol and Trentino are autonomous provinces, unlike all other provinces they have

741-574: Is to safeguard and promote the respective culture and languages. The Ladin minority is found in the Fassa Valley , in the municipalities of Canazei ( Cianacei ), Campitello di Fassa ( Ciampedèl ), Mazzin ( Mazin ), Moena , Soraga and Sèn Jan di Fassa . In the census of 2001, 16,462 inhabitants of Trentino declared Ladin as their native language. Mócheno is still spoken in the municipalities of Frassilongo ( Garait ), Palù del Fersina ( Palai en Bersntol ) and Fierozzo ( Vlarötz ), while

798-632: The 2016 Italian constitutional referendum , the provinces of Italy were still kept alive under provisions of the Delrio Constitutional Law to be merged in a smaller number of union of provinces. Provinces are often deemed useless by their critics, and many proposals were made in the 2010s to eliminate them. The difficulty of changing the Constitution of Italy and the opposition of groups of politicians and citizens halted any proposal of reform. In 2013, during his speech to

855-599: The Austrian Empire . Eventually, in 1870, following the union of Rome and its province from the Papal States , the provinces rose in number to 69. After the World War I , new territories were annexed to Italy. The province of Trento was created in 1923. Provinces of La Spezia and Trieste in 1923, while Ionio in 1924. In 1924 the new provinces of Fiume , Pola , and Zara were created, increasing

912-684: The Brothers of Italy (5) Fugatti for Governor (4), the Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party (3), The Civic List (2) and the Fassa Association which provides this session's legally mandated seat for the province's Ladin minority (1). The centre-left alliance makes up most of the opposition, with 13 seats. This includes 7 seats for the Democratic Party , 4 seats for Campobase and one seat each for

969-477: The Greens and Left Alliance and Autonomy House . There was also a non-allied party, Wave, which won one seat. The executive powers are attributed to the provincial government (Italian: Giunta Provinciale ), headed by the governor ( Presidente ). Since 2018 the governor is Maurizio Fugatti . In 2023, Fugatti remained in power by receiving 51.8% of the vote for governor compared to 37.5% for Francesco Valduga of

1026-679: The Gruber-De Gasperi Agreement , creating the autonomous region of Trentino-South Tyrol, consisting of the autonomous provinces of Trentino and South Tyrol. Since the treaty, Trentino has enjoyed considerable autonomy from the Italian central government in Rome . It has its own elected government and legislative assembly. In 1996, the Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino was formed between

1083-614: The House of Habsburg-Lorraine . The region was the location of heavy fighting during World War I , as it was directly on the front lines between Austria-Hungary and Italy . Trentino was occupied by Italy in November 1918 and was annexed in 1919 by the Kingdom of Italy in the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) . After World War II , the Italian and Austrian Foreign Ministers signed

1140-711: The Nordic ski 1991 , 2003 and 2013 , snowboarding 2001 and freestyle ski championship 2007 , as well as the Adamello Ski Raid and Marcialonga . The Tour de Ski has since 2007 had its conclusion in Val di Fiemme with the Final Climb stage up the alpine skiing course on Alpe Cermis . During the spring and summer, cycling is a big event in the region, such as the Giro del Trentino and Maratona dles Dolomites over

1197-590: The Val di Gresta ), and grapes . Important especially for their quality, the latter are used for the production of dry and sparkling wines . In January 2008, the Edmund Mach Foundation was established to promote research, training and services in the agricultural, agri-food and environmental fields. The primary industries, often small and medium-sized, are concentrated in Valsugana, Vallagarina and

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1254-519: The metropolitan cities , the equivalent of the president of the province is the (elective) mayor of the capital, called "metropolitan mayor". There are other types of entities similar to the provinces in the regions with special statutes: the free municipal consortia in Sicily and the Sardinian provinces are governed by extraordinary commissioners appointed by the respective regional administrations,

1311-557: The province of Oristano in 1974. In a reorganization in 1992 eight provinces were created: Verbano-Cusio-Ossola , Biella , Lecco , Lodi , Rimini , Prato , Crotone , and Vibo Valentia , while Forlì was renamed as Forlì-Cesena . Four new provinces were created in Sardinia in 2001, with effect from 2005: Olbia-Tempio , Ogliastra , Medio Campidano , and Carbonia-Iglesias . In 2004 three further provinces were created: Monza and Brianza , Fermo , and Barletta-Andria-Trani , making

1368-614: The Adige Valleys. Sectors include textiles, mechanics, wood and paper productions. Also important is the production of hydro-electric energy. Tourism is the mainstay of the provincial economy. The main resorts include: Madonna di Campiglio , San Martino di Castrozza , Fiera di Primiero , Canazei , Moena , Cavalese , Folgaria , Folgarida-Marilleva , Riva del Garda and Levico Terme , Comano Terme and Roncegno , these last three being renowned thermal stations. The unemployment rate stood at 3.8% in 2023. The Trentino province

1425-625: The Austrian state of Tyrol and the Italian provinces of South Tyrol and Trentino. The boundaries of the association correspond to the old County of Tyrol. The aim is to promote regional peace, understanding and cooperation in many areas. The region's assemblies meet together as one on various occasions and have set up a common liaison office to the European Union in Brussels . Trentino is a mountainous region. The Adige River flows through

1482-729: The Chamber of Deputies, Enrico Letta , the newly appointed Prime Minister of Italy , announced that a revision of the second part of the constitution was needed, in order to change the bicameral parliamentary system and to abolish the provinces. The proposal, presented during the Renzi government , was rejected in the 2016 Italian constitutional referendum held on 4 December. [REDACTED] Media related to Provinces of Italy at Wikimedia Commons Trentino Trentino ( Italian : Provincia autonoma di Trento ; Ladin : Provinzia Autonoma de Trent ; German : Autonome Provinz Trient )

1539-579: The Cimbrian language is spoken in Luserna ( Lusérn ). The 2001 census found there were 2,276 native Mócheno and 882 Cimbrian speakers. The linguistic breakdown according to the census of 2001 is: The Nones language hails from the Non Valley and is considered by some linguists a variant of Ladin. Estimates range up to 30,000 speakers. The Solandro language is also under debate as to whether it

1596-553: The Ligurian Alps . On the northern side of the range stands the Natural Park of Marguareis , another regional natural park established by the regional government of Piemonte in 1978. Provinces of Italy The provinces of Italy ( Italian : province d'Italia ) are the second-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic , on an intermediate level between a municipality ( comune ) and

1653-527: The Trentino borders is Presanella . The highest point is Monte Cevedale , located on the border with the Province of Sondrio . The 1972 second Statute of Autonomy for Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol devolved most legislative and executive competences from the regional level to the provincial level, creating de facto two separate regions. Administratively, the province enjoys a large degree of autonomy in

1710-643: The Western Ligurian Alps is Punta Marguareis (2,651 m), and there are several other summits over 2000 m, while in Eastern Ligurian Alps (also called Ligurian Prealps ) the maximum elevation is 1739 m ( Monte Armetta ). Some important passes in the Ligurian Alps are listed below. Around 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi) of the Ligurian side of the range since 2007 are part of the Regional Natural Park of

1767-471: The administrative name of the province is autonomous province of Trento (Italian: provincia autonoma di Trento ; German: Autonome Provinz Trient ). The history of Trentino begins in the mid- Stone Age . The valleys of what is now Trentino were already inhabited by man, the main settlements being in the valley of the Adige River , thanks to its milder climate. In the early Middle Ages, this area

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1824-413: The autonomous provinces of Trentino-Alto Adige each elect its own president, and finally, in Aosta Valley , the functions of the province are carried out by the regional administration (whose president is elected by the regional council). Note: the data is updated as of 1 January 2021. In 1861, at the birth of the Kingdom of Italy , there were 59 provinces. However, at that time the national territory

1881-572: The central Trentino in a valley named after the river. The principal towns of Trentino lie in the Adige Valley, which has been a historical passage connecting Italy with Northern Europe. Among other important valleys are Non Valley , known for its apple production, Sole Valley , Giudicarie , which has been historically connected by Trento and Brescia , Fiemme and Fassa , Lagarina , Mocheni , Sugana Valley and many others. The province has an area of 6,214 km (2,399 sq mi), and

1938-419: The centre-left coalition and about 10% for candidates aligned with neither major coalition. In addition to serving as the legislative body for the province, the members of the council also combine with South Tyrol's council to form the regional council of Trentino-South Tyrol . Trentino's governor alternates with the governor of South Tyrol as president of the region. The regional government has its seat in

1995-587: The devolution of power to regional authorities, a change in policy slowly began, which gained momentum in the 1990s. Since then a number of far-reaching laws and regulations have been passed and implemented, that protect and promote the use of these three languages and the unique cultural heritage and identity. This has for example been extended to school curricula in the regional languages and street signs becoming bilingual. All three minorities have their own cultural institute which were decreed by national law and receive state funds. The purpose of these cultural institutes

2052-549: The following sectors: health, education, welfare and transport infrastructure. The provincial council comprises 35 members, one of whom must by law be drawn from the Ladin minority. In the elections in 2023 , the centre-right coalition won 21 of 35 seats in the province's council. These 21 seats were distributed between the Trentino League with 6 seats (including the provincial governor ("presidente") Maurizio Fugatti ),

2109-579: The former Hotel Imperial in Trento. Due to the division of the province into the 217 municipalities ( Comuni/Gemeinden ), often of small or even tiny size, in the late 1970s, eleven larger units known as districts ( comprensori ) were introduced. The municipalities forming a district elect the council for that district. However, this tier of government has provoked criticism, and, in 2006, a reform created fifteen more homogeneous "Valley Communities" ( comunità di valle , Talgemeinden ) and one territory including

2166-475: The mountain passes. Cross country racing such as the Cross della Vallagarina and the 10-kilometre road running competition Giro al Sas also take place. Association football is a popular ball sport in Trentino. Teams within the region are U.S. Alta Vallagarina , A.C. Mezzocorona , A.S.D. Porfido Albiano and Trento Calcio 1921 . Trentino Volley is a professional Italian volleyball team. It has played in

2223-401: The municipalities of Trento , Cimone , Aldeno and Garniga Terme (see Municipalities of Trentino ). As of 2009, the only municipalities with a population over 20,000 were Trento, Rovereto , and Pergine Valsugana . The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 25.5 billion euros in 2023, accounting for 1.2% of Italy's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power

2280-527: The population of Trentino was 541,098. The highest concentration of the population is located around the capital city of Trento, and the southern parts. The whole region is divided up into 175 municipalities. The majority of the Trentino population is Italian -speaking with its local dialects. The region is also home to three indigenous linguistic minorities, which are Ladin , Mócheno and Cimbrian . All languages are protected by regional and provincial laws, statutes, and regulations. After World War II and

2337-462: The population of around 7,500 in the Fassa Valley. A number of Nones and Solandro speakers identified as Ladin speakers, while others chose not to exercise that option due to the disagreement whether or not their languages are Ladin or a separate idiom. The Trentino is a region of cultural encounters. Already in the past Germans , Italians and Ladins joined in this area. The alpine province

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2394-522: The promotion of German-speaking minorities mòchene and Cimbre. In the region there are numerous castles. With the financial aid of province, some of them could be restored and are now open to the public. Here the most important: The region offers many opportunities for mountain climbing and trekking and winter sports . Important winter events are the world championships organised by the International Ski Federation (FSI) such as

2451-528: The province of Friuli was renamed the province of Udine . Following the annexation of a part of Yugoslavia in 1941, during the World War II , the province of Zara was enlarged and joined the Governorate of Dalmatia (comprising the province of Zara , and the new provinces of Spalato , and Cattaro ), while in the occupied central part of the present-day Slovenia the new province of Ljubljana

2508-546: The province's name is the same as that of its capital city. According to the 2014 reform, each province is headed by a President (or Commissioner) assisted by a legislative body, the Provincial Council, and an executive body, the Provincial Executive. President (Commissioner) and members of Council are elected together by mayors and city councilors of each municipality of the province. The Executive

2565-401: The provinces of Trieste and Gorizia . Moreover, the province of Trieste was occupied by United States and British forces. The Italian Republic therefore had 91 provinces at its birth. The province of Ionio was renamed as Taranto in 1951, and in 1954 the province of Trieste was returned to Italy. The province of Pordenone was created in 1968, the province of Isernia in 1970, and

2622-500: The provinces of Italy in a reduced number of broader administrative entities. In 2014 the Friuli-Venezia Giulia of Debora Serracchiani was the first Italian region to pass a law for abolishing its provinces, while implementing the national reform in the local administrative level. The Friuli region has multiplied four provinces in 18 unions of the Italian administrative unit called comune . After rejection of

2679-404: The same legislative powers as regions and are not subordinated to Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol , the region they are part of. Based on the most recent legislation, contained in the law of 7 April 2014 n. 56, the council and the presidents of the provinces of the regions with ordinary statute are elected by restricted suffrage by the mayors and councilors of the province's municipalities, while in

2736-465: The territory of the province there are numerous museums, which have had significant development over the last twenty years by the financial resources of the province. Among the main ones: Also worthy of note are the cultural institutes and museums dedicated to the three minorities of the province, the Istitut cultural Ladin "majon di fascegn" in Val di Fassa and the "Kulturinstitut Bersntol - Lusérn" for

2793-412: The total number of provinces in Italy to 76. In 1927, after a royal charter , a general province rearrangement took place. 17 new provinces were created: Aosta , Vercelli , Varese , Savona , Bolzano , Gorizia , Pistoia , Pescara , Rieti , Terni , Viterbo , Frosinone , Brindisi , Matera , Ragusa , Castrogiovanni , Nuoro . In the same year, the province of Caserta was dissolved, Girgenti

2850-498: Was 37,900 euros or 126% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 119% of the EU average. Despite the overwhelmingly mountainous nature of the territory, agriculture remains important. Farms often join to form larger cooperatives. The most important produce comprises apples (50% of national production, together with South Tyrol) and other fruit, vegetables (primarily in

2907-560: Was created. This lasted only until 1945, when Yugoslavia regained the lost territories after the end of the World War II. In 1945, after the end of the World War II, the province of Aosta changed its name to Aosta Valley and Littoria to Latina ; the new province of Caserta was recreated. With the Paris Peace Treaties , signed on 10 February 1947, Italy lost the provinces of Fiume , Pola , and Zara , and part of

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2964-405: Was governed by the local bishop), the common German name for the region was Welschtirol ( lit.   ' Walhaz , meaning Foreign Tyrol ' ) or Welschsüdtirol ( lit.   ' Walhaz/Foreign South Tyrol ' ), or just Südtirol , meaning South Tyrol with reference to its geographic position as the southern part of Tyrol. The corresponding Italian name was Tirolo Meridionale , which

3021-591: Was historically used to describe the wider southern part of the County of Tyrol, specifically Trentino and sometimes also today's South Tyrol, or Tirolo Italiano . In its wider sense, Trentino was first used around 1848 in an article by a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly ; it became a popular term among leftist intellectual circles in Austria. Since the new 1972 autonomous status,

3078-705: Was included within the Kingdom of Italy and the March of Verona . In 1027, the Bishopric of Trent was established as a State of the Holy Roman Empire by Emperor Conrad II . It was an ecclesiastical territory, roughly corresponding to the present-day Trentino, governed by the Prince-Bishops of Trento. The Council of Trent , held in three major sessions from 1545 to 1563, with the first at Trento,

3135-739: Was one of the important councils in the history of the Roman Catholic Church . It was an articulation of Roman Catholic doctrine in response to the Protestant Reformation , and specified doctrine on salvation, the sacraments, and the Biblical canon. After the Napoleonic Wars of the early 19th century, the bishopric was secularized and absorbed into the Austrian County of Tyrol . It was governed by

3192-399: Was renamed Agrigento , and the institution of circondari , sub-provincial wards created before the unification , was abolished. In 1930 Spezia became La Spezia , while in 1931 Bari delle Puglie became Bari . Province of Littoria (Latina) was created in 1934, and the province of Asti in 1935. n 1939 the province of Aquila degli Abruzzi became the province of L'Aquila , and in 1940

3249-429: Was smaller than the current one: regions of Veneto , Friuli-Venezia Giulia , Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol , and Lazio were not included in the kingdom. In 1866, following the Third Independence War , territories of Veneto, Friuli and Mantua were annexed. There were therefore nine more provinces: Belluno , Mantua , Padua , Rovigo , Treviso , Venice , Verona , Vicenza , and Udine , all previously part of

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