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47-466: The Lyman Allyn Art Museum is located in New London, Connecticut , and was founded in 1926 by Lyman Allyn's daughter Harriet Upson Allyn. Its collection includes European and non-Western art as well as American fine and decorative art, 17th-century European works on paper, 19th-century American paintings, and contemporary art. The museum also conducts educational programs. The Deshon-Allyn House on

94-488: A U.S. Navy submarine base , and the Electric Boat submarine shipyard are located on the river at New London and Groton. USS  Nautilus was launched into the river on January 21, 1954 from Electric Boat, becoming the world's first nuclear-powered submarine . In addition to the submarine bases, a US Navy Magnetic Silencing Facility is also installed within the mouth of the river. Two historic forts overlook

141-496: A charter revision. Distinct town and city government structures formerly existed and technically continue; however, they now govern exactly the same territory and have elections on the same ballot on Election Day in November. Bus service includes regional Southeast Area Transit buses, Estuary Transit District buses, and interstate Greyhound Lines buses. Interstate 95 passes through New London. New London Union Station

188-605: A collection of eighteenth-century American paintings, works on paper, and decorative arts, most notably silver and furniture. The core of this collection consists of John Singleton Copley ’s three studies for The Siege of Gibraltar (c.1785-86), two works by Benjamin West , and Winthrop Chandler ’s portrait of Eunice Huntington Devotion and Her Daughter (1772). There is also an eighteenth-century New England furniture collection, including many examples of New London County ’s unique regional variations. New London County furniture has been

235-434: A household in the city was $ 56,237, and the median income for a family was $ 65,357. About 21.5% of the population was below the poverty line, including 36.4% of those under age 18 and 11.1% of those age 65 or over. New London was one of the world's three busiest whaling ports for several decades beginning in the early 19th century, along with Nantucket and New Bedford, Massachusetts . The wealth that whaling brought into

282-513: A larger land area when it was established. Towns set off since include: Using the Köppen climate classification New London has a warm temperate climate. This zone is defined as having a monthly mean temperature above 26.4 °F (−3 C) but below 64.4 °F (18 C) in the coldest month. The city experiences long, hot and humid summers, and cool to cold winters with snowfall on occasion. The city averages 2,300 hours of sunshine annually (higher than

329-485: A male householder with no partner present. 14.7% of households had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.84. In the city, the population was spread out, with 16.5% under the age of 18, 19.4% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. The median income for

376-514: A mix of rainfall and snowfall, or mixed precipitation. New London normally sees fewer than 25 days annually with snow cover. In mid-winter, there can be large differences in low temperatures between areas along the coastline and areas well inland, sometimes as much as 15 °F. Tropical cyclones (hurricanes/tropical storms) have struck Connecticut and the New London metropolitan area, although infrequently. Hurricane landfalls have occurred along

423-413: A new park and museum, a place for local citizens to learn about art and culture. Land for the project was purchased in 1927. Landscape architect Ferruccio Vitale designed the park, and architect Charles A. Platt designed the 32,000 square-foot neoclassical museum, built with local granite. In May 1930, Winslow Ames was chosen to be the museum's first Director at age 22. The museum was dedicated on

470-565: Is home to the United States Coast Guard Academy , Connecticut College , Mitchell College , and The Williams School . The Coast Guard Station New London and New London Harbor is home port to both the Coast Guard's cutter Coho and their tall ship Eagle . The city had a population of 27,367 at the 2020 census. The Norwich –New London metropolitan area includes 21 towns and 274,055 people. The area

517-462: Is located in Groton . Scheduled commercial flights are available at T. F. Green Airport and Tweed New Haven Regional Airport . Notable mayors include: Thames River (Connecticut) The Thames River ( / θ eɪ m z / THAYMZ ) is a short river and tidal estuary in the state of Connecticut . It flows south for 15 miles (24 km) through eastern Connecticut from the junction of

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564-497: Is one of the smallest cities in Connecticut. Of the whole 10.76 square miles (27.9 km ), nearly half is water; 5.54 square miles (14.3 km ) is land. The town and city of New London are coextensive. Sections of the original town were ceded to form newer towns between 1705 and 1801. The towns of Groton , Ledyard , Montville , and Waterford , and portions of Salem and East Lyme , now occupy what had earlier been

611-501: Is quite long in New London. Like much of coastal Connecticut and Long Island, NY, it averages close to 200 frost free days. The new 2023 USDA Garden Zone Map has New London in zone 7a. New London falls into the same garden zone as locations like Trenton, New Jersey , Wilmington, Delaware , or Harrisburg, Pennsylvania . By the mid-to-late 21st century, the area is expected to fall within USDA zone 8 according to some models. According to

658-399: Is served by Amtrak's Northeast Regional rail service, and Shore Line East commuter rail service. The Providence and Worcester Railroad and New England Central Railroad handle freight. Ferries include Cross Sound Ferry to Long Island , Fishers Island , and Block Island . New London is also visited by cruise ships. The Groton-New London Airport , a general aviation facility,

705-876: The Hudson River School to the Aesthetic Movement and Impressionism . Thomas Cole ’s Mount Aetna from Taormina (1844), Frederic Edwin Church ’s Study for New England Scenery (1850), and John F. Kensett ’s oval Bash Bish Falls (1851) are examples of the Hudson River School, while Winslow Homer ’s tile painting The Shepherdess (1878) is an example of his work with the Tile Club. These American works are frequently requested for loan exhibitions and for reproduction in scholarly articles and exhibition catalogues. The museum also holds

752-596: The United States Coast Guard Academy and Coast Guard Station New London . Most of these military installations have been located at Fort Trumbull . The first Fort Trumbull was an earthwork built 1775–1777 that took part in the Revolutionary War . The second Fort Trumbull was built 1839–1852 and still stands. During the Red Summer of 1919, there were a series of racial riots between white and black Navy men stationed in New London and Groton. By 1910,

799-704: The War of 1812 began, the Royal Navy established a blockade of the East Coast of the United States , including New London. During the war, American forces unsuccessfully attempted to destroy the British ship of the line HMS Ramillies while it was lying at anchor in New London's harbor with torpedoes launched from small boats. This prompted the captain of Ramillies , Sir Thomas Hardy, 1st Baronet , to warn

846-556: The Yantic River and Shetucket River at Norwich, Connecticut , to New London and Groton, Connecticut , which flank its mouth at Long Island Sound . The Thames River watershed includes a number of smaller basins and the 80-mile (130 km) long Quinebaug River , which rises in southern Massachusetts and joins the Shetucket River about four miles northeast of Norwich. The river has provided important harbors since

893-592: The 1781 taking of supply ship Hannah, the largest prize taken during the war. Famous New Londoners during the American Revolution include Nathan Hale , William Coit, Richard Douglass, Thomas and Nathaniel Shaw , Gen. Samuel Parsons , printer Timothy Green, and Bishop Samuel Seabury . New London was raided and much of it burned to the ground on September 6, 1781, in the Battle of Groton Heights by Norwich native Benedict Arnold in an attempt to destroy

940-466: The 2006–2008 American Community Survey , non-Hispanic whites made up 54.6% of New London's population. Non-Hispanic blacks made up 14.0% of the population. Asians of non-Hispanic origin made up 4.6% of the city's population. Multiracial individuals of non-Hispanic origin made up 4.3% of the population; people of mixed black and white ancestry made up 1.7% of the population. In addition, people of mixed black and Native American ancestry made up 1.0% of

987-408: The 90's °F. Spring and Fall are mild in New London, with daytime highs in the 55° to 70 °F range and lows in the 40° to 50 °F range. The seaside location of the city creates a long growing season compared to areas inland. The first frost in the New London area is normally not until late October or early November, almost three weeks later than parts of northern Connecticut. Winters are cool with

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1034-553: The Americans to cease using this "cruel and unheard-of warfare" or he would "order every house near the shore to be destroyed". The fact that Hardy had been previously so lenient and considerate to the Americans caused them to abandon such attempts with immediate effect. For several decades beginning in the early 19th century, New London was one of the three busiest whaling ports in the world, along with Nantucket and New Bedford, Massachusetts . The wealth that whaling brought into

1081-424: The British of this so that they could avoid its artillery fire. British and Hessian troops subsequently attacked and captured New London's Fort Trumbull , while other forces moved in to attack Fort Griswold across the river, then held by Lieutenant-Colonel William Ledyard . The British suffered great casualties at Fort Griswold before the Americans were finally forced to surrender—whereupon Arnold's men stormed into

1128-568: The Connecticut coast in 1903, 1938, 1944, 1954 ( Carol ), 1960 ( Donna ), 1985 ( Gloria ). Tropical Storm Irene (2011) also caused moderate damage along the Connecticut coast, as did Hurricane Sandy (which made landfall in New Jersey) in 2012. The Connecticut shoreline (including New London) lies within the broad transition zone where so-called "subtropical indicator" plants and other broadleaf evergreens can successfully be cultivated. New London averages about 90 days annually with freeze, about

1175-532: The New England Committee for Non-Violent Action . USS Fulton was decommissioned, after 50 years of service, in 1991 and Submarine Squadron 10 was disbanded at the same time. In the 1990s, State Pier was rebuilt as a container terminal. The neighborhood of Fort Trumbull once consisted of nearly two-dozen homes, but they were seized by the City of New London using eminent domain . This measure

1222-610: The Patriot privateer fleet and supplies of goods and naval stores within the city. It is often noted that this raid on New London and Groton was intended to divert General George Washington and the French Army under Rochambeau from their march on Yorktown, Virginia . The main defensive fort for New London was Fort Griswold , located across the Thames River in Groton . It was well known to Arnold, who had already informed

1269-705: The USA average). New London lies in the broad transition zone between continental climates to the north in New England and southern Canada, and the humid subtropical climates to the south along the lower East Coast. From May to late September, the southerly flow from the Bermuda High creates hot and humid tropical weather conditions. Daytime heating produces occasional thunderstorms with heavy but brief downpours. Daytime highs in summer are normally near 80 °F, with occasional heat waves bringing high temperatures into

1316-632: The city furnished the capital to fund much of the city's present architecture. The New Haven and New London Railroad connected New London by rail to New Haven and points beyond by the 1850s. The Springfield and New London Railroad connected New London to Springfield, Massachusetts , by the 1870s. Many distinctive structures built in the 19th century remain, but the First Church built in 1853 collapsed in January 2024. Several military installations have been part of New London's history, including

1363-569: The city furnished the capital to fund much of the city's present architecture. The city subsequently became home to other shipping and manufacturing industries, but had gradually lost most of its industrial heart. The State Pier (south of the Gold Star Memorial Bridge ) is being converted to support some of the offshore wind power in the United States . Nobel laureate and Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Eugene O'Neill (1888–1953) lived in New London and wrote several plays in

1410-621: The city. An O'Neill archive is located at Connecticut College , and the family home, Monte Cristo Cottage , is a museum and national historic landmark operated by the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center . Notable artists and ensembles include: In her Scenes in My Native Land, 1845, Lydia Sigourney includes the poem Sunrise at New London with descriptive passages relating to the district. In 2010, New London changed their form of government from council-manager to strong mayor-council after

1457-399: The evening of May 2, 1932 with Connecticut Governor Wilbur Lucius Cross as the principal speaker, and the museum opened to the public the following day. Lyman Allyn's permanent collection consists of approximately 10,000 objects. Much of this collection was developed by the museum's first Director Winslow Ames , who acquired works dating from the 16th through the 19th centuries. It includes

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1504-741: The focus of a comprehensive exhibition at the Lyman Allyn in 1974 and smaller, focused exhibitions in 1986 and 1999. New London, Connecticut New London is a seaport city and a port of entry on the northeast coast of the United States, located at the outlet of the Thames River in New London County, Connecticut , which empties into Long Island Sound . The city is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region . New London

1551-576: The fort and slaughtered most of the American troops who defended it, including Ledyard. All told, more than 52 British and 83 American soldiers were killed, and more than 142 British and 39 Americans were wounded, many mortally. New London suffered over 6 defenders killed and 24 wounded, while Arnold's men suffered an equal amount. Connecticut's independent legislature made New London one of five cities simultaneously brought from de facto to formalized incorporations in its January session of 1784. After

1598-879: The fort's defensive function had been superseded by the new forts of the Endicott Program , primarily located on Fishers Island . The fort was given to the Revenue Cutter Service and became the Revenue Cutter Academy. The Revenue Cutter Service was merged into the United States Coast Guard in 1915, and the Academy relocated to its current site in 1932. During World War II , the Merchant Marine Officers Training School

1645-457: The graphite Study for Madame Moitessier standing by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres , as well as works by Frederic Leighton , François Boucher , Nicolas Poussin , Claude Lorrain , Charles LeBrun , and Tiepolo . Featured artists include Rembrandt Peale , Benjamin West , Gilbert Stuart , John Trumbull , Thomas Cole , Frederick Edwin Church , and Albert Bierstadt . The Lyman Allyn's collection of 19th-century American paintings ranges from

1692-684: The mid-17th century. It was originally known as the Pequot River after the Pequot Indians who dominated the area. Other early names for the river have included Frisius, Great, Great River of Pequot, Little Fresh, New London, and Pequod. The town was officially named New London in 1658 and the estuary river was renamed Thames after the River Thames in London , England . The United States Coast Guard Academy , Connecticut College ,

1739-494: The museum's campus is a Federal style house built in 1829 by Daniel Deshon, sold to Lyman Allyn, and occupied by various members of his family. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The Lyman Allyn Art Museum was founded with a bequest from Harriet Upson Allyn, who died on November 30, 1926. She made the bequest in memory of her father Lyman Allyn, a wealthy shipping merchant, to be used to create

1786-411: The outlying area of New London. New London is bounded on the west and north by the town of Waterford on the east by the Thames River and Groton and on the south by Long Island Sound . Other minor communities and geographic features include Bates Woods Park, Fort Trumbull, Glenwood Park, Green's Harbor Beach, Mitchell's Woods, Pequot Colony, Riverside Park, Old Town Mill. New London originally had

1833-428: The population. People of mixed white and Native American ancestry made up 0.7% of the population; those of mixed white and Asian ancestry made up 0.4% of the populace. Hispanics and Latinos made up 21.9% of the population, of which 13.8% were Puerto Rican . The top five largest European ancestral ethnicities were Italian (10.5%), Irish (9.7%), German (7.4%), English (6.8%), and Polish (5.0%) According to

1880-431: The same as Baltimore, Maryland . As such, many varieties of Southern Magnolia , Needle Palms , Loblolly and Longleaf Pines , Crape Myrtles , Aucuba japonica , Camellia , trunking Yucca , hardy bananas , Monkey Puzzle , copious types of evergreen Hollies , many East Asian (non-holly) broadleaf evergreen trees and shrubs, and certain varieties of figs may be grown in private and public gardens. The growing season

1927-405: The survey, 74.4% of people over the age of 5 spoke only English at home. Approximately 16.0% of the population spoke Spanish at home. As of the census of 2020, there were 27,374 people and 11,125 households. The population density was 4,868.7 per square mile (1,879.8/km ). There were 12,119 housing units at an average density of 2,156.4 per square mile (832.6/km ). The racial makeup of the city

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1974-489: The town was officially named New London on March 24, 1658. The harbor was considered to be the best deep water harbor on Long Island Sound , and consequently New London became a base of American naval operations during the American Revolutionary War and privateers where it has been said no port took more prizes than New London with between 400–800 being credited to New London privateers including

2021-425: Was 56.2% White , 29.4% Hispanic or Latino of any race, 17.0% African American , 0.3% Native American , 2.3% Asian , 0.0% Pacific Islander , 16.7% from other races , and 10.8% from two or more races. There were 11,125 households, out of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.4% were married couples living together, 34.1% had a female householder with no partner present, and 27.8% had

2068-666: Was called Nameaug by the Pequot Indians . John Winthrop, Jr. founded the first English settlement here in 1646, making it about the 13th town settled in Connecticut. Inhabitants referred to it informally as Nameaug or as Pequot after the tribe. In the 1650s, the colonists wanted to give the town the official name of London after London, England , but the Connecticut General Assembly wanted to name it Faire Harbour. The citizens protested, declaring that they would prefer it to be called Nameaug if it could not be officially named London. The legislature relented, and

2115-998: Was located at Fort Trumbull. From 1950 to 1990, Fort Trumbull was the location for the Naval Underwater Sound Laboratory , which developed sonar and related systems for US Navy submarines . In 1990, the Sound Laboratory was merged with the Naval Underwater Systems Center in Newport, Rhode Island , and the New London facility was closed in 1996. The Naval Submarine Base New London is physically located in Groton, but submarines were stationed in New London during World War II and from 1951 to 1991. The submarine tender Fulton and Submarine Squadron 10 were based at State Pier in New London during this time. Squadron Ten

2162-555: Was supported in a 5–4 ruling in the 2005 Supreme Court case Kelo v. City of New London , and the homes were ultimately demolished by the city as part of an economic development plan. The site was slated to be redeveloped under this plan, but the chosen developer was not able to get financing and the project failed. The empty landscape of the Fort Trumbull area has been widely characterized as an example of government overreach and inefficiency. In terms of land area, New London

2209-438: Was usually composed of eight to ten submarines and was the first all-nuclear submarine squadron. In the summer of 1960, peace activists from around the country gathered in New London to protest the all-nuclear submarines being based there. Participants held daily vigils and marches, handed out leaflets and talked with workers. Unable to achieve their goals by the end of the summer, some activists stayed in Connecticut and established

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