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25-404: MGH may refer to: Bad Mergentheim (vehicle registration plate), Germany Margate Airport (IATA code), South Africa Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, US Charles/MGH station , near Massachusetts General Hospital Montreal General Hospital , Canada Michael Garron Hospital , Toronto, Canada Monumenta Germaniae Historica ,

50-696: A Flemish priest and artist, served as director. The collection was bequeathed to his nephew Leopold I , and is now part of the collections of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. He played an active role in court politics and was close to his stepmother, Eleonora of Mantua (1598-1655), who shared his interest in Italian art and was a prominent supporter of the Catholic Counter-Reformation . Although suggested as

75-819: A disastrous defeat at Second Breitenfeld in 1642, a battle fought against the advice of his generals. He was re-appointed after another Imperial defeat at the 1645 Battle of Jankau , then Governor of the Spanish Netherlands in 1647. In that role, he lost the Battle of Lens against Condé and then he helped negotiate an end to the war in the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia ; the Franco-Spanish War continued, obliging him to remain in Brussels until 1656. While in Brussels, he employed David Teniers

100-683: A rapid pace. The water turned out to be the strongest sodium-sulfate water in Europe, reportedly effective for the treatment of digestive disorders. In the 1970s during the Gemeindereform (administrative reform) several neighbouring villages were incorporated into the municipality. The best-known sight of Bad Mergentheim is the Deutschordensschloss , the castle where the Teutonic Knights once had their home base. It

125-477: A series of primary sources pertaining to German and European history Microglandular hyperplasia , a cervical lesion A formulation for calculating gravitational energy near the Earth's surface Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title MGH . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

150-429: Is a complex of buildings built over a period of eight hundred years. The first buildings of the castle were probably erected as early as the 12th century. The castle was expanded in the late 16th century under Grand Master Walther von Cronberg . Over the course of time a representative Renaissance complex was built by connecting the individual buildings in the inner palace courtyard to a closed ring of buildings. In 1574,

175-611: The Archbishopric of Cologne , including one Ludwig van Beethoven on viola . Mergentheim retained this role until the dissolution of the order in the countries of the Rheinbund in 1809 by Napoleon . Mergentheim's fortunes declined after that but were reversed in 1826, when a shepherd by the name of Franz Gehring discovered rich mineral springs in the surrounding area, during the time when spas were expanding in Germany at

200-730: The Grand Master of the Teutonic Order in 1641. During his lifetime, the Habsburg rulers of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire faced the 1568 to 1648 Dutch Revolt , the 1618 to 1648 Thirty Years War and other conflicts, including the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) . Despite his reluctance, Ferdinand made him Imperial commander in 1639, largely due to lack of reliable subordinates; he resigned following

225-644: The Holy Roman Empire to provide him an income: Halberstadt (1628–1648), Passau (1625–1662), Breslau (1656–1662), Olmütz (1637–1662) and Strasbourg (1626–1662). He was also appointed to the Bishopric of Halberstadt in 1627, Magdeburg in 1629 and Bremen in 1635. All three were in the Protestant north, where the infrastructure of the Catholic church had long since disappeared; he never exercised power and all three were secularised in 1648. He became

250-530: The Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. Born at Wiener Neustadt on 5 January, 1614, he was the sixth of seven children born to Emperor Ferdinand II (1578-1637) and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574–1616). His elder brother became Emperor Ferdinand III (1608–1657). As a younger son, Leopold was educated for the church but was never ordained. Despite not being a member of the clergy , he held various Prince-Bishoprics within

275-463: The Marienkirche (finished in 1388) features frescos made in 1300-10 by the monk Rudolfus. This was formerly the church of a Dominican monastery. The cloister has a fresco from 1486 showing a Visitation that depicts an embryo inside the body of Mary. The church also contains the epitaph of Walther von Cronberg, the first Mergentheim Grand Master. Modelled in 1539, probably by Hans Vischer , it

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300-581: The Schellenhäusle , a late Chinoiserie . The obelisk was built under Duke Paul von Württemberg , a memorial for a dog that saved his life on one of his expeditions. The castle complex is dominated by the Schlosskirche (palace church), begun in 1730 under Franz Ludwig Herzog von Pfalz-Neuburg in Baroque style. It was finished in 1735 under Clemens August von Wittelsbach . The plans for

325-646: The 1230s, in 1309 the Grand Master of the order moved to the Marienburg . In 1340 Mergentheim was awarded town privileges . It rapidly became the most important of the eleven commanderies of the Teutonic Order. The Deutschmeister , highest ranking member inside the Holy Roman Empire (to which Prussia did not belong), moved his seat to Mergentheim in 1525 after his castle at Hornberg/Neckar had been destroyed by peasants . That same year, Grand Master Albrecht von Zollern-Brandenburg resigned his position, left

350-536: The Cross . The main altar painting is Die Salbung Jesu durch Maria in Bethanien by local painter Matthäus Zehender  [ de ] . Side altar paintings were by Giambattista Pittoni ( Kreuzaufnahme , Armenspeisung durch die heilige Elisabeth ). The crypt below the church is the burial site of the order's grand masters. For around 200 years the Schlosskirche has been a Protestant church. The sacristy of

375-457: The Younger as keeper of his collection, spending immense sums on works by Frans Snyders , Peter Snayers , Daniel Seghers , Peter Franchoys , Frans Wouters , Jan van den Hoecke , Pieter Thijs , Jan van de Venne and others. He also acquired a number of Italian masters, purchased from the sale of collections owned by Bartolomeo della Nave and Charles I . His most prized pieces engraved in

400-673: The arts. He held a number of military commands, with limited success, and served as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands , before returning to Vienna in 1656. Despite being nominated as Holy Roman Emperor after Ferdinand's death in 1657, he stood aside in favour of his nephew Leopold I . His main interest was in art, and he patronised artists including David Teniers the Younger , Frans Snyders , Peter Snayers , Daniel Seghers , Peter Franchoys , Frans Wouters , Jan van den Hoecke and Pieter Thijs . His collection of 17th century Venetian and Dutch paintings are now held by

425-581: The book Theatrum Pictorium , which is often called the first "art catalogue". When the tomb of Childeric I , an early Merovingian king, was discovered in 1653 by a mason doing repairs in the church of Saint-Brice in Tournai , it was Leopold Wilhelm who had the find published in Latin. On his return to Vienna in 1656, his collection relocated to the Hofburg Palace, where Jan Anton van der Baren ,

450-412: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MGH&oldid=1211515585 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bad Mergentheim Since administrative reform in the 1970s the following villages have been part of

475-675: The interior were drawn up by François de Cuvilliés , the Electoral court architect of Cologne. Architects working on site were Joseph Roth and Friedrich Kirchenmayer. Its Rococo interior features elaborate ceiling frescos by the court painter Nikolaus Gottfried Stuber  [ de ] , depicting The Defense of Faith , the Glorification of the Cross in Heaven and on Earth and the Emperor Constantine 's Vision of

500-541: The main architect, Blasius Berwart  [ de ] , also constructed the spiral staircase between the west and north wing. Today the castle houses the Deutschordensmuseum (museum of the Teutonic Order). The English landscape garden between palace and spa building is mainly due to Archduke Maximilian Franz. In 1797, he had a "mosque" built there to recall the past Turkish threat and in 1802

525-455: The municipality: Althausen (pop. 600) , Apfelbach (350) , Dainbach (370) , Edelfingen (1,400 ; birthplace of the American biochemist Julius Adler ), Hachtel (360) , Herbsthausen (200) , Löffelstelzen (1,000) , Markelsheim (2,000) , Neunkirchen (1,000) , Rengershausen (480) , Rot (260) , Stuppach (680) , Wachbach (1,300) Mergentheim is mentioned in chronicles as early as 1058, as

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550-412: The order's southern German territories much like the residence town of any ruling prince. Some grand masters, like Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (1614–62), who in his 21 years in that role never once set foot in the town, were hardly ever present. Others, like Maximilian Franz (1756-1801), a son of Maria Theresa , loved the place. For the order's general chapter in 1791 he brought the orchestra of

575-462: The order, introduced Reformation , married and – supported by his liege lord the King of Poland – turned the order's eastern territories into a temporal duchy. The rulers of the order in Germany, now styling themselves Hoch- und Deutschmeister , then made Mergentheim the order's new headquarters and expanded the castle into a palatial residence. Over the next centuries, the town served as the centre of

600-517: The residence of the family of the counts of Hohenlohe . The brothers Andreas, Heinrich and Friedrich von Hohenlohe joined the Deutscher Orden ( Teutonic Order ) in 1219 and gave their two castles near Mergentheim to the order. One was abandoned, the other became the seat of the local Komtur (commander) of the order. Following the Order's conquest of East Prussia and part of Livland in

625-475: Was taken to Monrepos at Ludwigsburg in 1809, when Mergentheim became part of the Kingdom of Württemberg . In 1853, the statue was restored to this church. Bad Mergentheim is twinned with: Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (5 January 1614 – 20 November 1662), younger brother of Emperor Ferdinand III , was an Austrian soldier, administrator and patron of

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