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34-524: Mon District ( / ˈ m ɒ n / ) is a district of Nagaland , a state in India . It is the third-largest district in Nagaland in terms of area. The district has a population of 250,260 people. Mon Town is the headquarters of the district. After independence in 1947, Tuensang was created as a separate administrative centre and in 1952, it became a sub-division of North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) under

68-415: A border barrier along 1,624-kilometre (1,009 mi)-long border under-construction by India , aims to seal the border, curtail cross-border crime, including goods, arms and counterfeit currency smuggling, drug trafficking, and insurgency. Four Northeast Indian states share the border with Myanmar, i.e. Arunachal Pradesh , Nagaland , Mizoram , and Manipur . Both national governments agreed to conduct

102-536: A home-brewed liquor made out of rice. They also farm in the hills by clearing the forests using a method of controlled burning called " Jhum ". Ruled by the chief Angh, Shangnyu is one of the prominent villages in Mon District. There is a wooden monument measuring 8 feet in height and 12 feet in breadth – believed to be constructed by heavenly angels. Carvings of human beings and other creatures are engraved on this monument. Memorial stones are also found in front of

136-536: A joint survey before erecting the fence. The Indian Home Ministry and its Myanmar counterpart completed the study within six months and, in March 2003 began erecting a fence along the border. In 2024, India approved ₹ 30,000 crore (US$ 3.6 billion) for the construction of border fence along the Myanmar border. Of the total, 1,624-kilometre (1,009 mi) length, only 30 km was fenced by September 2024, remaining

170-546: A loincloth. Some carry a machete called dao or a gun. The older women wear a short piece of cloth wrapped around their waist only. They carry bamboo baskets on their backs or tie children to their backs with a cloth. The Konyak women are adept in weaving intricate traditional designs and in bead craft. Both men and women wear a lot of traditional beads and brass ornaments. During festivals, the males wear colourful shawls and headgear decorated with feathers, and dance with daos or spears and guns chanting/singing rhythmically. They brew

204-544: A separate Assistant Political Officer. Later, in 1957, the Tuensang subdivision was bifurcated from North-East Frontier Agency and merged into the Naga Hills-Tuensang Area along with three Districts of Kohima, Mokokchung and Tuensang. The present Mon District was carved out of the erstwhile Tuensang District in 1973. The name Mon originates from its district headquarters. Till 1971, the present Mon District

238-505: A total of 640 ). It is one of the three districts in Nagaland currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Religion in Mon District (2011) According to the 2011 census Mon District has a population of 250,260, roughly equal to the nation of Vanuatu . Mon has a sex ratio of 899 females for every 1000 males, and an average literacy rate of 56.99%. Most of

272-900: Is Dibrugarh Airport in Assam located 122 kilometres from district headquarters Mon . There is a helipad in Mon as well. The nearest railway station is Dibrugarh railway station located 115 kilometres from district headquarters Mon . The district is well-connected with roads. The NH 702 passes through the district alongside other intra-district roads. 26°43′N 95°02′E  /  26.717°N 95.033°E  / 26.717; 95.033 List of districts of Nagaland The Indian state of Nagaland , has 17 administrative districts: Chümoukedima , Dimapur , Kiphire , Kohima , Longleng , Mokokchung , Mon , Niuland , Noklak , Peren , Phek , Shamator , Tuensang , Tseminyü , Wokha , Zünheboto and Meluri. . A district of an Indian state

306-559: Is a waterfall near the peak which is considered as one of the most beautiful locations in the whole of the Konyak countryside. Naganimora, formerly known as Lakhan, is a subdivision in the Mon district. The town lies on the border of Nagaland and Assam . The name of the town is derived from the words "Naga Rani Mora", which mean "the burial place of the Naga queen". It is one of the biggest exporters of coal in Nagaland. The nearest airport

340-499: Is an administrative geographical unit, headed by a district magistrate or a deputy commissioner, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service . The district magistrate or the deputy commissioner is assisted by a number of officials belonging to different wings of the administrative services of the state. A superintendent of Police, an officer belonging to Indian Police Service is entrusted with

374-708: Is located just north of the Diphu Pass . From here the border proceeds to the south-west through the Mishmi Hills , except for an Indian protrusion at the Chaukan Pass , then continuing through the Patkai and Kassom Ranges. At the south-east corner of Manipur it turns sharply westwards along various rivers for a period over to the Tiau River . It then follows this river southwards for a long stretch down to

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408-607: Is one of the biggest villages in Mon District and sits on the India-Myanmar international border . The village has a road connecting it to Loji village in Myanmar's Sagaing Division , that also provides access to the larger Tatmadaw military towns of Lahe and Yengjong in Myanmar. The Lungwa Angh's house is situated in the middle of the border of India and Myanmar. One half of the Angh's house falls within Indian territory, whereas

442-804: The Chin Hills , before turning west and proceeding to the Bangladeshi tripoint via a series of irregular lines. The first formation of the Indo-Burmese border was through the First Anglo-Burmese War , which resulted in the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826. The Burmese relinquished control over Assam , Manipur , Rakhine ( Arakan ), and the Taninthayi coast, thereby delimiting much of the modern boundary in general terms. In 1834

476-669: The Kabaw Valley areas was returned to Burma and a modified boundary delimited in this region, dubbed the 'Pemberton line' after a British commissioner, which was later refined in 1881. In 1837 the Patkai Hills were unilaterally designated as the northern boundary. Large swathes of Burma were annexed to the British Empire following the Second Anglo-Burmese War of 1852–53. The remainder of Burma

510-495: The 1,643-kilometre (1,021 mi) long Indo-Myanmar border. IMBF will remain under ITBP and will patrol the border to the zero line (as of January 2018). See Haats on India-Myanmar border . The India–Myanmar border had a Free Movement Regime (FMR) which allows tribes living along the border to travel 16 km (9.9 mi) across either side of the border without visa restrictions. There are over 250 villages with over 300,000 people living within 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of

544-734: The Angh's palace. It is believed that there was a friendly trade relationship between the Shangnyu and the Ahom Kings. Chi is another prominent village in Mon district and one of the oldest villages in Nagaland. It is ruled by the Ahng and administered by the Village Council.The Ahng's house is the biggest in the village and has a display of skulls of enemies killed during the head hunting era. The village has three morungs with different wood sculptures and log drums in them. Lungwa (Longwa)

578-426: The beginning, India and Burma (later known as Myanmar) operated a free movement regime (FMR) for the tribal communities living along their common border, recognizing the communities' age-old economic and cultural ties. The Burma Passport Rules of 1948 allowed indigenous populations of all the countries bordering Burma to travel to Burma without passports or permits, provided they lived within 40 km (25 mi) from

612-405: The border. In 1950, India also amended its passport rules to allow the tribes people residing within 40 km around the border to travel to India and stay up to 72 hours. In 1968, following a variety of insurgencies in its northeastern states, India unilaterally introduced a permit system for travelling across the border. This provision remained in place for the next 40 years. In 2004, following

646-530: The country was partitioned into two states (India and Pakistan ), with the southernmost section of the Burma-India border becoming that between Burma and East Pakistan (modern Bangladesh ). Burma gained independence in 1948. On 10 March 1967 Burma and India signed a boundary treaty which delimited their common frontier in detail. Security along the border has often been poor, owing to ongoing conflicts in north-east India and western Myanmar . From

680-602: The free movement regime amid allegations from the Government of Manipur that it was facing problems of illegal immigration, drug peddling and arms smuggling. The proposal was opposed by the Government of Mizoram, and civil society organisations in Manipur and Nagaland. Nevertheless, the Government of India suspended the FMR on February 8, 2024, pending negotiation with Myanmar on eventual termination. The India–Myanmar barrier,

714-413: The growth of drug trafficking and arms smuggling, India reduced the travel limit to 16 km (9.9 mi) and allowed border crossing only through three designated points: Pangsau (Arunachal Pradesh), Moreh (Manipur) and Zokhawthar (Mizoram). Following further abuses of FMR, a formal agreement with Myanmar was proposed by India in 2014, and, after negotiations, an Agreement on Land Border Crossing

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748-678: The inhabitants of the district are Konyak Nagas . Mon District is the home of the Konyak Nagas . The Konyaks are famous for their tattooed faces and bodies. The most colourful festival of the Konyaks, Aoling (Aoleng), is observed during the first week of April every year. Konyaks are the largest ethnic group among the Nagas. They speak the Konyak language , a Sino-Tibetan language, with each village having their local dialect. The Konyaks were

782-421: The last practising headhunters among the Nagas which continued into the 1960s. The tribe embraced Christianity during the late 20th and early 21st century. Konyaks decorate their houses with skulls, hornbill beaks, elephant tusks, horns and wooden statues. Konyaks are ruled by hereditary chiefs known as Anghs, and the institution of Anghship is still prevalent among the Konyaks. Every village has an Angh. Some of

816-440: The militancy-related violence in the region, and in 2007 a violent boundary dispute arose among the locals regarding the ownership of nine border pillars in Manipur. India has similar fence on borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh . The Indo-Myanmar Border Force (IMBF) is a proposed and soon-to-be-composed force of 29 battalions - 25 battalions from Assam Rifles and 4 battalions from Indo-Tibetan Border Police - to guard

850-528: The other half lies under Myanmar control. However, the whole village is controlled by the Angh. He has 60 wives and he rules over 60 villages of the Konyak tribe extending up to Myanmar and Arunachal Pradesh. This highest peak in the Mon District is Veda Peak, which lies approximately 70 km east of Mon. The peak offers a clear sight of both the Brahmaputra and the Chindwin on a clear day. There

884-476: The renaming of Naga Hills Tuensang Area to "Nagaland", and in December 1963 Nagaland became the 16th state of India. 19 December 1973 saw the new districts of Wokha District and Zünheboto District carved out of Mokokchung District, Mon District carved from Tuensang District, and Phek District created out of Kohima District. On 2 December 1997, Dimapur District was carved out from Kohima District and

918-565: The responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues. On 1 December 1957, the Naga Hills District of Assam and Tuensang Frontier Division of the North-East Frontier Agency (now Arunachal Pradesh) were joined to form the centrally governed Naga Hills Tuensang Area. At that point the previous subdivisions became Kohima District , Mokokchung District and Tuensang District . February 1961 saw

952-536: The smaller villages are ruled over by neighbouring village Anghs. The Angh's house is always the largest in the village, with a display of skulls in the front as a testament to his capability as a leader. Anghs still rule over the villages of Chi , Mon, Shangnyu, Lungwa , Tangnyu, Sheanghah Chingnyu, Jaboka. Konyaks are adept artisans and skilled craftsmen. They make excellent wood carvings, daos ( machetes ), guns, gunpowder , head brushes, headgear, necklaces, etc. The older males wear large earrings made of boar horn and

986-416: Was conquered in 1885 and incorporated into British India. In 1894 a boundary between Manipur and the Chin Hills (recognized as part of Burma) was delimited, and the existing 'Pemberton line' boundary modified again in 1896. Further boundary modifications were made in 1901, 1921 and 1922. In 1937 Burma was split off from India and became a separate colony. In 1947 India gained independence, however

1020-498: Was a subdivision of Tuensang District. Mon District is the northernmost district of Nagaland. It is surrounded by the state of Arunachal Pradesh to its north, Assam to its west, Myanmar to its east, Longleng District to its south-west and Tuensang District to its south. The town of Mon is its district headquarters. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Mon one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of

1054-506: Was being expedited. Issues have been raised that many local ethnic communities, such as the Kuki , Naga , Mizo , and Chins whose lands straddle the regions between the two countries, will be divide by this fence. However, the Indian security forces justify the need for the fence by blaming the porous border as a national security threat. For example, during two year period between 2001-2003 alone 200 security personnel and civilians died in

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1088-473: Was created as the 16th district of Nagaland. In 2024, Meluri sub-division of the Phek district district was upgraded to form Meluri district . The sixteen districts of Nagaland, and their headquarters, 2011 census populations, areas and elevations (of the seat) are: India-Myanmar barrier The trijunction between India, China and Myanmar is not yet agreed among the three nations. The de facto tripoint

1122-684: Was inaugurated in April 1998. Three more districts were added in 24 October 2003: Kiphire District , Longleng District and Peren District . Kiphire and Longleng Districts were carved out from Tuensang District, Peren District was carved from Kohima District. Noklak District was created on 20 January 2021, previously having been a sub-district of Tuensang District. On 18 December 2021, three new districts were created: Chümoukedima District and Niuland District carved from Dimapur District and Tseminyü District carved from Kohima District. On 19 January 2022, Shamator District carved from Tuensang

1156-407: Was signed by the two countries on 11 May 2018. As per the agreement, the residents of the two countries living within 16 km of the border are issued border passes, which they must carry at all times after crossing the border. They can stay on the other side for up to 14 days. In January 2024, amidst ongoing ethnic violence in Manipur , the Government of India signalled that it intends to terminate

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